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Monitoring of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in radish in organic soil and evaluation of net covers and mass trapping as alternative control methods. 有机土壤萝卜蚤监测及网盖和大量诱捕防治方法的评价。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf260
Laurence Fleury, Frédéric McCune, Valérie Fournier, Anne-Marie Fortier

The striped flea beetle Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidea) and the crucifer flea beetle P. cruciferae (Goeze) are significant insect pests of Brassica crops. We investigated the relationship between the presence of adult beetles and subsequent root damage caused by larvae. Additionally, we tested various alternative methods to control flea beetle damage, including net covers, fences, and mass trapping with plastic jugs. Our findings showed a correlation between the accumulation of adult striped flea beetles on foliage and the number of roots damaged. Approximately 96% of the larvae collected in 2023 were identified as striped flea beetles. Net covers helped increase marketable yield and reduce losses due to flea beetle damage to Chinese radish roots while insecticide treatments did not reduce root damage compared to untreated control. Mass trapping with jugs did not reduce root damage; instead, it attracted more adults to the plants, leading to increased foliage damage compared to control. A better understanding of the relative contribution to root damage by both flea beetle species would lead to an increase in monitoring efficiency and make its implementation easier. The use of net covers against flea beetle damage is recommended to increase yield and reduce damage to rooted crucifer crops.

条纹蚤甲Phyllotreta striolata(鞘翅目:金鸡总科)和十字花科蚤甲P. cruciferae (Goeze)是芸苔属作物的重要害虫。我们调查了成虫的存在与随后幼虫造成的根系损害之间的关系。此外,我们还测试了各种控制跳蚤甲虫危害的替代方法,包括网盖、围栏和用塑料壶大规模诱捕。研究结果表明,成虫在叶片上的积累与根系受损数量之间存在相关性。2023年收集的幼虫中约96%为条纹蚤甲虫。网盖有助于提高市场产量,减少蚤甲虫对萝卜根系造成的损失,而杀虫剂处理与未经处理的对照相比,并没有减少根系损害。用水壶大规模诱捕不会减少根部伤害;相反,它吸引了更多的成虫到植物上,导致与对照相比,叶子受到的损害更大。更好地了解这两种蚤甲虫对根系损害的相对贡献,将提高监测效率,使其更容易实施。建议使用网罩防止跳蚤甲虫的危害,以提高产量,减少对有根十字花科作物的危害。
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引用次数: 0
Lethal and sublethal effects of DBN9936 and Ruifeng 125 Bt corn events on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. 实验条件下DBN9936和瑞丰125 Bt玉米事件对夜蛾的致死和亚致死效应
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf265
Lingli Meng, Qiuju Qin, Guoping Li, Gemei Liang, Kongming Wu, Hongqiang Feng

The DBN9936 event (expressing Cry1Ab) and the Ruifeng 125 event (expressing Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj) are the first genetically modified maize varieties granted biosafety certificates in China, primarily targeting Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). However, their lethal and sublethal effects on Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an invasive pest first detected in China in 2018, remain insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the life table parameters of first- to third- instar S. frugiperda larvae fed on V6-V8 stage leaves of DBN9936 and Ruifeng 125 maize under controlled laboratory conditions. Corrected mortality after 7 d was 90.46%, 56.13%, and 6.52% for first to third instars on DBN9936 and 51.85%, 15.79%, and 12.45% on Ruifeng 125, respectively. Both Bt events significantly reduced pupation rate, pupal weight, and fecundity compared to non-transgenic controls. Additionally, larval development was prolonged by 10 to 16 d. Life table analyses revealed reductions in net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and population growth trend index (I) for larvae fed on either Bt maize. Simulated migration scenarios further indicated that brief access to non-Bt maize before transitioning to Bt maize could allow larvae survival, potentially undermining Bt efficacy. These findings demonstrate that both DBN9936 and Ruifeng 125 exert significant lethal and sublethal effects on S. frugiperda, yet intermittent feeding and larval mobility between Bt and non-Bt plants may accelerate resistance evolution.

DBN9936(表达Cry1Ab)和瑞丰125(表达Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj)是中国首批获得生物安全认证的转基因玉米品种,主要靶向玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis, guen)。然而,它们对2018年首次在中国发现的入侵害虫夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda, J. E. Smith)的致死和亚致死作用尚不清楚。本研究在实验室控制条件下,对采食DBN9936和瑞丰125玉米v6 ~ v8期叶片的1 ~ 3龄frugiperda幼虫的生命表参数进行了评价。1 ~ 3龄DBN9936和瑞丰125 7 d校正死亡率分别为90.46%、56.13%和6.52%和51.85%、15.79%和12.45%。与非转基因对照相比,这两个Bt事件显著降低了蛹化率、蛹重和繁殖力。延长幼虫发育10 ~ 16 d。生命表分析显示,饲喂两种Bt玉米的幼虫的净繁殖率(R0)、内在增长率(r)、有限增长率(λ)和种群增长趋势指数(I)均降低。模拟的迁移情景进一步表明,在过渡到Bt玉米之前,短暂接触非Bt玉米可能会使幼虫存活,从而潜在地破坏Bt的功效。上述结果表明,DBN9936和瑞丰125对果蚜均具有显著的致死和亚致死效应,但在Bt和非Bt植株间的间歇性取食和幼虫迁移可能加速了抗性进化。
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引用次数: 0
Insights into the toxicity, enzyme activity, and molecular docking of chemical and bio-insecticides against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. 化学和生物杀虫剂对秋粘虫的毒性、酶活性及分子对接的研究。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf279
Nourhan A El-Said, Mohamed M El-Mogy, Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan, Moataz A M Moustafa

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major global pest that threatens cereal crops. Insecticides remain one of the key strategies for its management. This study assessed the toxicity, developmental effects, detoxification enzyme activity, and molecular docking interactions of 2 chemical insecticides profenophos (organophosphates group) and cypermethrin (pyrethroids group) and 2 bio-insecticides (spinosad and Bacillus thuringiensis) on S. frugiperda. Bioassay results revealed that spinosad exhibited the highest toxicity, followed by cypermethrin, profenophos, and B. thuringiensis against second-instar larvae. Exposure to cypermethrin at the estimated LC50 value significantly prolonged larval duration, while all treatments increased pupal duration. However, none of the treatments affected other biological parameters, including pupal weight, pupation rate, and adult emergence. Enzymatic analysis demonstrated significant alterations in the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and detoxification enzymes (α-esterase, cytochrome P450, and glutathione S-transferase [GST]) following exposure to lethal concentrations of the insecticides. Molecular docking analysis further indicated that spinosad exhibited the strongest binding affinity to α-esterase and cytochrome P450, whereas cypermethrin displayed the highest affinity for AChE. In contrast, profenophos showed the weakest binding interactions across all enzyme targets. These findings provide insights into the efficacy and biochemical interactions of chemical and bio-insecticides, offering valuable information for the targeted management of S. frugiperda.

秋粘虫(Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith,鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是危害谷类作物的主要全球性害虫。杀虫剂仍然是其管理的关键策略之一。本研究评价了有机磷磷和氯氰菊酯两种化学杀虫剂和两种生物杀虫剂(spinosad和苏云金芽孢杆菌)对frugiperda的毒性、发育效应、解毒酶活性和分子对接作用。生物测定结果显示,三聚氰胺对二龄幼虫的毒力最高,其次为氯氰菊酯、敌敌磷和苏云金小蠊。在LC50估计值下暴露氯氰菊酯显著延长了幼虫的持续时间,而所有处理都增加了蛹的持续时间。然而,没有任何处理影响其他生物学参数,包括蛹重、化蛹率和成虫羽化。酶分析表明,暴露于致死浓度的杀虫剂后,乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和解毒酶(α-酯酶、细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶[GST])的活性发生了显著变化。分子对接分析进一步表明,spinosad对α-酯酶和细胞色素P450的结合亲和力最强,而氯氰菊酯对AChE的亲和力最高。相比之下,磷磷在所有酶靶标上的结合相互作用最弱。这些发现为了解化学杀虫剂和生物杀虫剂的药效和生物化学相互作用提供了新的思路,为有针对性地管理frugiperda提供了有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Group-reared life table analysis reveals sugar supplementation improves fitness of parasitic wasp (Hymenoptera: Aphididae). 群体饲养的生命表分析表明,补充糖可提高寄生蜂(膜翅目:蚜科)的适应性。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf316
Qi-Lun Zhang, Han-Zhi Yang, Hong Yang, Guy Smagghe, Xin-Yue Zhang, Mao-Fa Yang

The nutritional status of the parasitic wasp Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Aphididae) is a critical factor affecting its physiological activities, which are key to mass reproduction and field application. In this study, we constructed an age-stage, two-sex life table under a group-rearing conditions by feeding adult A. gifuensis with 5% (w/v) solutions of honey, fructose, glucose, or sucrose. The results showed that fructose, sucrose, and glucose significantly extended the longevity of male A. gifuensis compared to the water control. However, fructose, sucrose, and glucose had no significant impact on the longevity of female A. gifuensis. Sugar-fed parasitoid wasps had significantly shorter mean generation time compared with control, with parasitoids fed with glucose having the shortest mean generation time. The order of intrinsic rate of increase (rm) by treatment was Sucrose (0.4140), Glucose (0.4039), Honey (0.3911), Fructose (0.3903), and Water (0.3679). The rm were significantly higher in the glucose and sucrose treatments than in the water control. Additionally, the peaks of age-stage-specific reproductive value (vxj) by treatment were: Sucrose (190.15), Glucose (154.56), Honey (147.64), Fructose (139.41), and Water (104.05). Fructose, glucose, and sucrose treatments significantly increased female fecundity compared to the control, with sucrose-fed females showing the highest fecundity among the sugar treatments. These results demonstrate that sugar supplementation positively affects the reproduction of A. gifuensis. Both sucrose and glucose resulted in significantly higher rm values in adult, highlighting their effectiveness as nutritional supplements. Considering the lower cost of sucrose compared to glucose, sucrose is recommended as a dietary supplement for adults in mass production and field applications.

膜翅目:蚜蜂科(Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead)寄生蜂的营养状况是影响其生理活动的重要因素,是其大规模繁殖和田间应用的关键。在本研究中,我们在群体饲养条件下,用5% (w/v)的蜂蜜、果糖、葡萄糖或蔗糖溶液喂养成虫,构建了一个年龄阶段、两性生活表。结果表明,与水分对照相比,果糖、蔗糖和葡萄糖显著延长了雄性吉福田鼠的寿命。然而,果糖、蔗糖和葡萄糖对雌性猕猴桃的寿命没有显著影响。摄食糖的寄生蜂的平均世代时间显著短于对照,摄食葡萄糖的寄生蜂的平均世代时间最短。各处理的内在增长率依次为蔗糖(0.4140)、葡萄糖(0.4039)、蜂蜜(0.3911)、果糖(0.3903)、水(0.3679)。葡萄糖和蔗糖处理显著高于水处理。此外,各处理的年龄阶段特异性生殖值(vxj)峰值分别为蔗糖(190.15)、葡萄糖(154.56)、蜂蜜(147.64)、果糖(139.41)和水(104.05)。与对照相比,果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖处理显著提高了雌性的繁殖力,其中蔗糖处理的雌性繁殖力最高。这些结果表明,糖的补充对沙蚕的繁殖有积极的影响。蔗糖和葡萄糖都导致成人的rm值显着升高,突出了它们作为营养补充剂的有效性。考虑到蔗糖与葡萄糖相比成本较低,蔗糖被推荐作为大规模生产和田间应用的成人膳食补充剂。
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引用次数: 0
Electron beam irradiation for management of in-shell pecan weevil larvae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). 电子束辐照管理壳内山核桃象鼻虫幼虫(鞘翅目:象鼻虫科)。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf300
Ted E Cottrell, Quentin D Read, Chip Starns

The pecan weevil, Curculio caryae (Horn) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a direct pest of pecan nuts often causing economic injury. Larvae feed and develop within the pecan nut, mature fourth instars emerge from nuts during autumn, drop to the orchard floor and complete development underground. However, a proportion of pecan weevil larvae remain in nuts at harvest. We tested electron beam irradiation of pecan weevil larvae as a potential phytosanitary treatment against infested nuts being shipped to production regions free of pecan weevil. Irradiation doses of 0, 150, 400, 750, and 1,000 Gy were assayed against pecan weevil using different larval exposure methods (bare larvae [bare], larvae in microfuge tubes [tube], and larvae in microfuge tubes placed into empty pecan shells [nut]). After treatment application, larvae were held singly in Petri dishes at 15 °C and examined for 60 d to determine mortality. Results revealed that larval mortality increased with days after treatment for each irradiation dose, including 0 Gy, for the 3 exposure methods. Mortality was generally lower for larvae in the tube and nut at 400, 750, and 1,000 Gy than for bare larvae. Overall mortality was lower for lower irradiation doses but higher for higher doses, and over time no larvae survived 1,000 Gy. These results strongly suggest that irradiation is an effective method to control in-shell pecan weevil larvae.

山核桃象鼻虫(角)(鞘翅目:角象科)是山核桃的直接害虫,常造成经济损失。幼虫在核桃仁内取食发育,成熟的四龄在秋季从核桃仁中出来,落到果园地面,在地下完成发育。然而,在收获时,仍有一部分山核桃象鼻虫幼虫留在坚果中。我们测试了电子束辐照核桃象鼻虫幼虫对运往无核桃象鼻虫生产区的受感染坚果的潜在植物检疫处理。采用不同的幼虫暴露方法(裸露的幼虫[bare],微管中的幼虫[tube],以及将微管中的幼虫放入空的山核桃壳[坚果]),对0、150、400、750和1000 Gy的辐照剂量对山核桃象鼻虫进行了试验。施用处理后,将幼虫单独置于培养皿中,15°C,观察60 d,以测定死亡率。结果显示,3种辐照方式的辐照剂量(包括0 Gy)均随辐照剂量的增加而增加。400、750和1000 Gy时,筒状和果状幼虫的死亡率普遍低于裸生幼虫。总体死亡率较低的辐照剂量较低,但较高的剂量较高,随着时间的推移,没有幼虫存活1,000 Gy。结果表明,辐照是防治壳内山核桃象鼻虫幼虫的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Cold acclimation and crowding effects on kairomone-mediated behaviors of khapra beetle larvae. 冷驯化和拥挤对卡普拉甲虫幼虫激素介导行为的影响。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf298
Michael J Domingue, Alison R Gerken, Erin D Scully, Scott W Myers

Insect quiescence and diapause are characterized by suspension of development, often accompanied by obvious signs of inactivity such as loss of mobility and reduced respiration. However, in some stored product insects such as the khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts, Coleoptera: Dermestidae), larvae may fail to develop with few obvious behavioral indicators. A series of experiments were performed to test whether temperature acclimation or crowding that delays development can also affect subsequent adult reproduction, larval orientation toward food-associated kairomones in a wind tunnel, and outcomes of trapping assays. Results indicate that both mechanisms for delaying reproduction led to greater offspring production compared to normal colonies. It was also found that normal larvae were more likely to approach or enter baited traps than cold-acclimated or crowded larvae. Normal larvae were more likely to recognize and walk upwind to wheat odors when they were present, unlike the cold-acclimated or crowded larvae, whose behavior was not affected by the food odor. However, the 2 types of developmental delay treatments differed in that cold-acclimated larvae were more likely to make no movements at all in the wind tunnel compared to the crowded larvae. The results indicate that both triggers for developmental delay may affect the ability of larvae to orient toward kairomone-baited traps, potentially reducing overall population estimates.

昆虫静止和滞育的特点是发育暂停,通常伴有明显的不活动迹象,如丧失活动能力和呼吸减少。然而,在一些储粮昆虫中,如甲(Trogoderma granarium Everts,鞘翅目:皮蝇科),幼虫可能发育不全,行为指标不明显。研究人员进行了一系列实验,以测试延迟发育的温度适应或拥挤是否也会影响随后的成虫繁殖、幼虫在风洞中对食物相关的激素的取向以及诱捕试验的结果。结果表明,与正常群体相比,这两种延迟繁殖的机制都导致了更高的后代产量。正常幼虫比适应寒冷环境或拥挤环境的幼虫更容易接近或进入诱捕器。当小麦气味存在时,正常的幼虫更有可能识别并逆风行走,而不像适应寒冷或拥挤的幼虫,其行为不受食物气味的影响。然而,两种发育延迟处理的不同之处在于,与拥挤的幼虫相比,冷适应的幼虫更有可能在风洞中完全不动。结果表明,发育迟缓的两种触发因素都可能影响幼虫定向于凯罗蒙诱捕器的能力,从而可能降低总体种群估计值。
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引用次数: 0
Optimisation of an effective trapping system for monitoring fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda: lure composition, dosage, trap design, and nonanal synergist. 一种监测秋粘虫的有效诱捕系统的优化:诱捕剂的组成、剂量、诱捕器的设计和非定向增效剂。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf308
Junyan Liu, Jie Fang, Xiong Zhao He, Mengbo Guo, Yidie Xu, Xinyi Gu, Sijia Yu, Xingzhou Liu, Jianyu Deng

The invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith JE) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major invasive agricultural pest worldwide, requiring effective monitoring tools for timely integrated pest management (IPM). The efficacy of pheromone lures can vary geographically, necessitating regional validation and optimisation. To develop a regionally optimised trapping system for monitoring S. frugiperda populations in Zhejiang Province, China, we conducted sequential two-year field trials to evaluate the effects of seven sex pheromone blends, five lure dosages, four trap designs, and the potential synergist nonanal on trapping efficiency. Our results demonstrated that a two-component blend of (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate in a 99.4:0.6 ratio was the most attractive and specific lure. Trap captures were highest with a high dosage (3,000 µg) deployed in a bucket trap, which significantly outperformed delta, wing, and vertical traps. The addition of 120 µg nonanal to the two-component blend acted as a synergist, significantly increasing S. frugiperda captures. The optimised system was then applied to monitor the local seasonal population dynamics of S. frugiperda, revealing a main flight peak in late September. This study provides the first optimised trapping system for S. frugiperda in this key agricultural region, offering a validated tool for precise, data-driven monitoring and defining a clear 'action window' for improving the sustainable management of this invasive pest.

摘要入侵性秋粘虫(Spodoptera frugiperda, Smith JE)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是世界范围内主要的农业入侵害虫,需要有效的监测工具来及时进行害虫综合治理。信息素诱饵的功效可能因地理位置而异,因此需要进行区域验证和优化。为了开发一种区域优化诱捕系统,在浙江省进行了为期两年的连续田间试验,评估了7种性信息素混合剂、5种诱捕剂剂量、4种诱捕器设计以及潜在的增效剂壬醛对诱捕效率的影响。结果表明,(Z)-9-十四烯乙酸酯和(Z)-7-十二烯乙酸酯以99.4:0.6的比例混合的诱饵最具吸引力和特异性。高剂量(3000µg)的桶式捕集器捕集效果最好,显著优于三角捕集器、机翼捕集器和垂直捕集器。在双组分共混物中加入120µg壬醛作为增效剂,显著增加了frugiperda的捕获量。将优化后的系统应用于当地的季节性种群动态监测,发现9月下旬是主要的飞行高峰。本研究为这一关键农业地区的frugiperda提供了第一个优化的诱捕系统,为精确的、数据驱动的监测提供了一个有效的工具,并为改善这种入侵害虫的可持续管理定义了一个明确的“行动窗口”。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of sugar transporter 1 on reproduction of Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and trehalose metabolism. 糖转运蛋白1对褐飞虱繁殖及海藻糖代谢的影响。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf301
Yongkang Liu, Yanlin Luo, Liwen Guan, Sijing Wan, Xianzhong Wang, Caidi Xu, Binghua Xie, Shigui Wang, Bin Tang

Sugar transporters play a crucial role in insect life activities, especially in energy metabolism and carbohydrate management. Sugar transporter 1 (St1) is a facilitative glucose transporter highly expressed in the midgut of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), however its physiological function remains unclear. To explore its pest control potential, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to investigate St1's effects on sugar metabolism and female reproduction. Silencing St1 lowered membrane-bound trehalase (TRE2) activity and inhibited the hydrolysis of trehalose into glucose, impeding glycogen accumulation and glucose availability. Our findings show St1 regulates female reproduction by modulating trehalase activity. This study reveals St1's crucial role in insect physiology and highlights it as a potential target for new, eco-friendly insecticides.

糖转运体在昆虫的生命活动中起着至关重要的作用,特别是在能量代谢和碳水化合物管理中。糖转运蛋白1 (Sugar transporter 1, St1)是Nilaparvata lugens (stamatl)(半翅目:Delphacidae)中肠中高度表达的一种促性葡萄糖转运蛋白,其生理功能尚不清楚。为了探索其防治害虫的潜力,我们利用RNA干扰(RNAi)研究了St1对糖代谢和雌性生殖的影响。沉默St1降低了膜结合海藻糖酶(TRE2)的活性,抑制了海藻糖水解成葡萄糖,阻碍了糖原的积累和葡萄糖的利用。我们的研究结果表明,St1通过调节海藻酶活性来调节雌性生殖。这项研究揭示了St1在昆虫生理中的重要作用,并强调了它作为新型环保杀虫剂的潜在靶点。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) on the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Trombidiformes: Penthaleidae), evaluated through laboratory and microcosm trials. 通过室内和微观试验,评价了球孢白僵菌对红腿土螨、破坏盐螨的杀灭效果。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf238
Xuan Cheng, Paul Umina, Alex Gill, Qiong Yang, Ary Hoffmann

The redlegged earth mite (RLEM, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker)), a major agricultural pest in Australia, is primarily managed by synthetic pesticides. However, the emergence of pesticide resistance in many field populations has prompted growing interest in alternative biopesticides. In the laboratory, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin significantly affected both RLEM adults and nymphs when applied in vial or agar-based bioassays, but not in a leaf dip assay. A field rate of a commercial formulation of Beauveria registered for control of 2-spotted spider mites significantly reduced RLEM survival and reproduction. Lower concentrations decreased mite survival but paradoxically increased reproductive output. In a microcosm 'semi-field' trial, all tested concentrations of Beauveria reduced the survival of RLEM adults but did not necessarily decrease net reproductive output. In conclusion, B. bassiana has efficacy against RLEM, however a hormetic effect at low concentrations may enhance offspring production. Further research is necessary to explore optimal concentrations, thermotolerance, product formulations, mite life stages, and field-based efficacy.

红腿土螨(RLEM, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker))是澳大利亚主要的农业害虫,主要使用合成农药进行治理。然而,在许多田间种群中出现的农药抗性促使人们对替代生物农药的兴趣日益浓厚。在实验室中,球孢白僵菌(Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin在小瓶或琼脂生物测定中对RLEM成虫和若虫都有显著影响,但在叶片浸渍试验中没有影响。一种用于控制2点蜘蛛螨的白僵菌商业制剂的现场使用率显著降低了RLEM的存活和繁殖。较低的浓度降低了螨的存活率,但矛盾的是增加了繁殖产量。在一个微观的“半场”试验中,所有被测试的白僵菌浓度都降低了RLEM成虫的存活率,但并不一定会降低净繁殖产量。综上所示,球孢白僵菌对RLEM有一定的抑制作用,但低浓度的激效可能会提高后代的产量。进一步的研究需要探索最佳浓度、耐热性、产品配方、螨生命阶段和田间药效。
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引用次数: 0
RNAi-targeted silencing of OdfoCYP301A1 and OdfoGSTo1 increased the susceptibility of Odontotermes formosanus (Blattodea: Termitidae) to the nonsteroidal ecdysone agonist RH-5849. rnai靶向沉默OdfoCYP301A1和OdfoGSTo1可增加台湾齿白蚁对非甾体激素激动剂RH-5849的敏感性。
Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaf269
Yan Xiong, Yuli Zhang, Chaorong You, Fang Tang

Odontotermes formosanus (Blattodea: Termitidae) is a social insect that significantly damages horticultural trees and water conservation infrastructure. Our previous studies confirmed that 1,2-dibenzoyl-1-tert-butylhydrazine (RH-5849) is toxic to O. -formosanus. However, insects have detoxification enzymes like cytochrome P450 (CYP) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) that can detoxify insecticides and mitigate their toxicity. To investigate CYP and GSTs in the defense of O. formosanus against RH-5849, we assessed the effects of the CYP inhibitor piperonyl butoxide and the GSTs inhibitor diethyl maleate on the toxicity of RH-5849 against O. formosanus. The results indicated that piperonyl butoxide and diethyl maleate significantly increased the lethality of RH-5849 to O. formosanus by 49.61% and 37.21%, respectively. Through RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR, OdfoCYP301A1 and OdfoGSTo1 were identified, with relative expression levels of 2.90 and 11.91, respectively. Moreover, we cloned OdfoCYP301A1 and OdfoGSTo1 and synthesized double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) based on these sequences. Furthermore, we evaluated the lethality of RH-5849 to O. formosanus following 24 h of dsRNA interference treatment. The results indicated a significant increase in the lethality of RH-5849 to O. formosanus following interference with OdfoCYP301A1 or OdfoGSTo1. These results suggest that OdfoCYP301A1 and OdfoGSTo1 play important roles in the defense of O. formosanus against RH-5849. Furthermore, this study provides new targets for the combined use of dsRNA and RH-5849 in the control of O. formosanus.

台湾齿白蚁(齿白蚁科:白蚁科)是一种危害园艺树和水利设施的社会性昆虫。我们先前的研究证实,1,2-二苯甲酰-1-叔丁基肼(RH-5849)对o -formosanus有毒性。然而,昆虫具有解毒酶,如细胞色素P450 (CYP)和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶(GSTs),可以解毒和减轻杀虫剂的毒性。为了研究CYP和GSTs对RH-5849的防御作用,我们评估了CYP抑制剂胡椒酰丁醇和GSTs抑制剂马来酸二乙酯对RH-5849对台湾O. formosanus的毒性作用。结果表明,丁二醇胡椒酯和马来酸二乙酯可显著提高RH-5849对台湾天牛的致死率,分别为49.61%和37.21%。通过RNA-seq和实时荧光定量PCR鉴定出OdfoCYP301A1和OdfoGSTo1,相对表达量分别为2.90和11.91。此外,我们克隆了OdfoCYP301A1和OdfoGSTo1,并基于这些序列合成了双链RNA (dsRNA)。此外,我们还评估了RH-5849在dsRNA干扰处理24小时后对台湾沙鼠的致死率。结果表明,干扰OdfoCYP301A1或OdfoGSTo1后,RH-5849对台湾沙鼠的致死率显著提高。这些结果表明OdfoCYP301A1和OdfoGSTo1在台湾花对RH-5849的防御中发挥了重要作用。此外,本研究还为dsRNA与RH-5849联合应用防治台湾沙蚕提供了新的靶点。
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Journal of economic entomology
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