Journal of forensic nursing最新文献

Background: Emergency department (ED) encounters are often the only healthcare provider encounter for patients seeking care after a reported sexual assault (SA), making the encounter a crucial opportunity to connect patients to support services in the community. An opportunity existed at an urban Level II trauma center to standardize SA discharge planning.

Aims: This quality improvement project aimed to improve access to SA support services.

Methods: The Model for Improvement guided two plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles. Implementation included (a) creation of a QR-code-accessible SA resource website, (b) ED standardized patient print and electronic medical record after-visit summaries with follow-up guidelines and the QR code, (c) ED staff education, and (d) a community stakeholder survey to assess facilitators and barriers to support services.

Results: During the first PDSA cycle, 19 reported SA survivors were seen in the ED (18 adult, one pediatric) and 14 SA resource website visits. During the second PDSA cycle, 13 reported SA survivors (10 adult, three pediatric) were seen in the ED and 29 website visits. Stakeholder survey data revealed barriers to support services were transportation, overloaded support services, and survivor knowledge of existing services.

Conclusion: The QR code intervention model is a discrete method of improving access to resources and is applicable to other vulnerable populations. The multiagency SA response team will utilize partner survey data to improve access to community resources such as housing and transportation.

Background: Recruiting, preparing, and retaining sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs), particularly in rural and isolated areas, is increasingly difficult because of widespread emotional exhaustion and burnout among nurses. We describe our academic-clinical partnered development and initial outcomes from the ReImagine Clinical Residency. The residency is part of the larger Re LAB workforce program to support competency development and confidence building among current and future SANEs with limited experience.

Methods: SANEs were screened and enrolled in the residency for 1-2 weeks, participating in patient encounters at hospitals in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Preresidency and postresidency surveys were completed, including our SANE Practice Innovation Configuration Evaluation tool. Descriptive statistical and thematic analyses were conducted.

Results: Eleven SANEs completed the ReImagine Clinical Residency; most were early-career nurses working in healthcare provider shortage areas in the United States. Statistically significant pre-post improvements were observed in five of the six SANE Practice Innovation Configuration Evaluation components. Residents described valuing the hands-on experience, diverse clinical environments, and preceptor support.

Conclusion: Residency programs are essential for addressing the specific professional development needs of novice SANEs and those with limited patient encounters in their current practice settings. By providing structured, precepted experiences, these residencies can contribute to workforce retention and ultimately strengthen patient care for victim-survivors of sexual violence.

Background: Much of the research on sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) focuses on program outcomes rather than the individual experiences of SANEs. The present research therefore sought to examine the individual experiences of SANEs regarding trauma, support, training needs, and challenges.

Methods: A national sample of SANEs participated in an online survey. In addition to a series of questions on work-related challenges and training needs, participants also completed the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (Bride et al., 2004) and the Professional Quality of Life Scale Stamm, 2009). Written survey responses were analyzed for themes regarding support services and training needs.

Results: One hundred twelve SANEs from 24 U.S. states participated in our survey. Of these, 74 SANEs completed the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, and 69 SANEs completed the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Overall, SANEs reported little secondary trauma or burnout. Furthermore, SANEs identified key areas in which additional training would be beneficial, including trial preparation, photography, and hands-on training.

Discussion: Self-reported trauma and burnout findings are discussed in light of the high use of support services such as therapy, decompressing with other SANEs, and leisure activities. Our findings provide valuable information for supervisors and training providers of SANEs and have important implications for future SANE research.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to summarize the published literature on patient involvement in violence risk assessment. Two research questions reviewed the extent of patient involvement and what evidence exists.

Inclusion criteria: English-language peer-reviewed published articles of any methodology related to violence risk assessment toward others were included. Articles were related to forensic and mental health practice and involve patients directly in the process.

Methods: Five electronic databases were comprehensively searched, as well as the reference lists of included articles. Both authors reviewed articles for inclusion and extracted data from included articles.

Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Articles reported on three approaches to patient engagement in structured violence risk assessment: how patients were involved or experienced the process, using rating scales, and using questions related to patient self-perceived risk. In relation to what evidence existed, four main themes emerged: patient views about risk and their involvement in risk assessment, comparing the predictive accuracy of patient self-rated tools with clinician-rated tools, predictive accuracy of a patient self-rated tool, and comparing risk ratings between patients and clinicians.

Conclusions: There is a dearth of research published about involving patients in their own risk assessment. Patients report both positive and negative experiences of the process. From cohort-type studies, results have shown that patient self-risk assessment can have a similar predictive ability to the clinician ratings related to adverse violence outcomes. Findings from studies can pave the way for future clinical research around the tools that have been developed thus far.

Aims: This study investigates the risk factors and prevalence of nonfatal strangulation (NFS) within the contexts of intimate partner violence and sexual assault, with a particular focus on the demographic and relational dynamics that influence its occurrence.

Design/methods: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative data from existing research on NFS.

Results: The Extremely High Risk Category Conceptual Model for NFS emerged as an innovative, investigator-developed framework that synthesizes the current literature on factors associated with NFS risk.

Conclusion: Frameworks that integrate current evidence on NFS risk factors, such as the Extremely High Risk Category model, have the potential to inform the practices of healthcare, social services, and law enforcement professionals. By identifying higher risk individuals, these professionals can implement targeted safety planning and support services. There is an urgent need for focused research and intervention strategies to address the complexities of NFS within intimate partner violence and sexual assault contexts. Expanding research to include diverse populations across genders and ages is crucial for the development of comprehensive prevention and support measures.

Abstract: First-year college women are at a high risk for sexual victimization. Staff within residence halls play an important role in connecting students who experience harm with resources. This study utilized survey assessments to examine correlates of likelihood to disclose sexual victimization to a resident assistant among a sample of first-year college women (N = 374). History of sexual victimization, self-concealment, attitudes toward psychological care, and social support were evaluated as correlates of likelihood to disclose to a resident assistant. A history of sexual victimization, level of self-concealment, and attitudes toward seeking psychological care showed a negative association to perceived likelihood to report sexual victimization to a resident assistant. Self-esteem, tendency to disclose sensitive information, tendency to cope via problem solving, social support grounded in guidance, and social support providing reassurance of worth were positively associated with perceived likelihood to disclose to a resident assistant. Multivariate analyses revealed that having no history of prior sexual victimization, high levels of social support that offered reassurance of worth, and a greater tendency to disclose sensitive information emerged as salient multivariate predictors of college women's perceived likelihood to disclose sexual victimization to a resident assistant. Findings increase our understanding of the individual characteristics that influence whether someone seeks assistance from a resident assistant after sexual assault and which students may benefit from additional outreach to connect with university resources after experiences of sexual violence.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the personal recovery of inpatients of a forensic psychiatric hospital.

Methods: A descriptive study design was assigned. The participants were 136 inpatients in a forensic psychiatric hospital in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics Version 26.0 with descriptive statistics, independent t test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression.

Results: Perceived physical health status (β = 0.16, p = 0.034), perceived mental health status (β = 0.20, p = 0.023), perceived family support (β = 0.17, p = 0.013), duration of hospitalization (β = 0.25, p < 0.001), and recovery attitudes (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) were the significant factors explaining 42.6% of the variance in the personal recovery of participants.

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that recovery attitudes, health status, and personal support affect forensic mental health personal recovery. Personal recovery can be strengthened through nursing intervention and support to strengthen recovery attitudes and health status. It is necessary to get used to personal recovery through long-term and systematic education, and organizations and nurses need to make efforts to provide services centered on personal recovery.