Materia socio-medica最新文献

Background: The pandemic has increased the rates of violent behavior towards women by their partners worldwide. Increased time spent living with the abusive partner, working at home and limited social contact combined with socioeconomic characteristics contributed to the increase in this type of violence.

Objective: To investigate the impact of pandemic COVID-19 and social determinants of health (SDOH) on the intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by women from their partners.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the impact of COVID-19 and social determinants of health on violence experienced by women from their partner(s) as a consequence of incarceration. The Pubmed and Scopus databases were searched during December 2022, using the keywords "intimate partner violence", "women", "COVID-19", "socioeconomic factors", "social determinants of health".

Results: Of the 917 studies initially retrieved, 38 studies found an increased prevalence of women's reported violence by their partners, 10 found a low prevalence, and 9 found no difference in prevalence before and during restraint. The most common forms of violence were psychological, physical and sexual. In 30 studies, social determinants such as socioeconomic level, education and living conditions were found to be associated with the prevalence of violence.

Conclusion: There was an increase in violence against women during quarantine which was associated with the effect of social determinants. However, due to research limitations of the studies, additional research is needed to draw firm conclusions that can be generalized to the population.

Background: Vaccination is one of the most successful and cost-effective interventions for public health. Studies have shown that health professionals who have good knowledge and positive attitudes towards vaccination are more likely to provide effective vaccination protection to people, including themselves. Therefore, health science students must acquire evidence-based knowledge during their education to meet the challenges of healthcare.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and feedback of health science students who participated in the Educating Vaccination Competence (EDUVAC) Intensive Course.

Methods: A five-day Intensive Course was implemented for health science students, which included a pre-assignment. The EDUVAC Intensive Course used different teaching methods (lectures, workshops, interactive games, discussions), group work, study visits, and cultural programs to encourage students' motivation. For the purpose of the study, students filled out an online questionnaire after giving informed consent.

Results: Sample consisted of 31 health science students from five European Higher Institutions. They had very good knowledge on most knowledge questions. In the post measurement it was significantly greater and equal to 81%, p<0.001. Almost all students (93.5%) totally agreed that "It is important for adults to receive all recommended vaccines according to national guidelines". The statement "I have had an active attitude and participation in the Intensive Course" received 80.6% total agreement. Over 90.3% rated the Intensive Course as "excellent" or "above average".

Conclusions: After completing the EDUVAC Intensive Course, students felt confident in their vaccination knowledge and skills, which benefited their professional development.

Background: The usage of the internet amid university students and has increased significantly. Internet dependence between university students rises the hazard of adverse mental, somatic, economic concerns.

Objective: The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence and aspects related to internet dependence amid university students in the University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was held in June-August 2022 at University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania. By using Internet Addiction Test (IAT) we collected data on respondents' social-demographic features, internet use rehearsals, observed mental status and interactive bond of participants.

Results: From 405 students who delivered their whole reply, we found that the prevalence of Internet Dependence is 109(27.65%).Regarding the gender the majority of the participants were females 275 (67.91%). Prior to the field of study the nursing students involved the larger part of the respondents 177 (43.7%). 234 (57.77%) of the students reported to have a middle economic status.

Conclusion: Almost twenty eight percent of medical university students in Albania depend on the internet. Internet dependence is correlated with applying the internet at the university, using more time on the internet per day, and spending the internet for social media. More surveys are required to regulate the load of psychological issues related to internet dependence in high-risk populations.

Introduction: Accurate estimation of fetal birth weight is essential for the management of labor and delivery. The predictability of fetal weighs by clinical assessment and ultrasound is limited.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the association between fetal birth weight and placental weight and other demographic characteristics.

Methods: a total of 369 live born of a singleton term pregnancies (37 to 42 weeks gestations) were included in the study. Immediately after delivery, the placenta was weighed with cord and membranes. A linear regression was used to examine the effect of placental weight and other variables on fetal birth weight.

Results: The mean of birth weight was 3122.5±477.8 grams. Placenta weight had a mean of 556.92±112.488 grams. The mean gestational age was 39.0543±.89642 weeks. The association between the placental weight and the birth weight was significant, and we found that for each gram increase in placental weight, birth weight is increased by 2.848g (SE = 0.178, p < 0.01). Similarly, there was a significant association between placental weight and fetal birth weight, and we found that for each kg increase in maternal weight, birth weight is increased by 17.018 g (SE = 5.281, p =0.001).

Conclusion: Placenta weight and BMI are independent predictors of fetal birth weight.