Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine最新文献

Objectives: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is the most common injury among masters runners. The single-leg horizontal hop test (SLHH) is a common return to running test utilized to assess the propulsive phase of running. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic relationships between the SLHH test and running in masters runners with and without AT.

Design: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Setting: University Biomechanics Lab.

Participants: Thirty-two master runners over age fifty were included, with 16 with AT (60.31 ± 8.37) and without AT (59.93 ± 4.95).

Main outcome measures: 3D motion capture and force plates were used to assess peak joint moments and powers during the SLHH and running. A simple linear regression was used to establish relationships.

Results: Masters runners with AT demonstrated SLHH peak lower extremity joint moments that were predictive of running peak lower extremity joint moments. Healthy masters runners demonstrated SLHH peak ankle plantarflexion moments that were predictive of running peak ankle plantarflexion moments. Both groups demonstrated SLHH peak ankle plantarflexion powers that were predictive of running peak ankle plantarflexion powers.

Conclusions: The SLHH hop test may be an appropriate tool to predict running kinetics in masters runners with AT but not healthy masters runners.

The objectives of this review were to identify the characteristics reported for child/adolescent participants in research on patellofemoral pain, Osgood Schlatter Disease, patellar tendinopathy, Sinding Larsen Johansson Syndrome and non-specific anterior knee pain, and compare similarities and differences in reported characteristics between conditions. A systematic search occurred in PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until July 18, 2024. Studies were screened to identify full-text articles that were primary research, with purposeful recruitment of children and adolescents with one of the above-mentioned conditions. Reported participant characteristics were extracted, frequency counted and mapped to categories. Characteristics reported for each condition were compared descriptively. This review included 214 studies, with 950 different reported characteristics mapped to 34 categories. The most frequently reported categories were demographics (96.4%), condition features (63.2%), pain (47.7%), anthropometrics (46.8%), and physical activity (45.9%). There were similarities in the characteristics reported between the different non-traumatic anterior knee pain conditions. Aside from participant demographics (e.g., age, sex), there is considerable variability in the characteristics reported in child/adolescent non-traumatic anterior knee pain research. This suggests lack of agreement on characteristics that are important to report in this population, and the need for consensus.

Objective: To examine changes in hip-related pain, quality of life, strength, and functional task performance following a 12-week rehabilitation program (Melbourne Hip Protocol; MHP) in circus arts students with hip-related pain.

Study design: Pre-post intervention trial.

Setting: Circus arts training facility.

Participants: Vocational and higher education circus arts students with clinically and radiologically diagnosed hip-related pain conditions.

Main outcome measures: The Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12) at baseline, 3, 6, and 10-month follow-up. Hip muscle strength, range and functional task performance at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

Results: 28 circus students were included. The largest improvements in HAGOS sub-scale scores were seen in quality of life from baseline to 6-months (adjusted mean difference 10.5 [95%CI 3.1, 17.9], p = 0.001) and 10 months (11.1 [3.6, 18.6], p = 0.001). iHOT-12 baseline scores improved across all three follow-up time points (3-months 10.6 [3.7, 17.4], p < 0.001; 6-months 13.4 [6.5, 20.3], p < 0.001; 10-months 12.9 [6.0, 19.8], p < 0.001). Average and peak hip muscle strength improved in all movements (p < 0.05) except internal rotation (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential benefits of the proposed structured, semi-supervised rehabilitation program for this unique population and support further investigation in a fully powered RCT.

Level of evidence: Level 3.

Objectives: Digital tools facilitate equitable access to guided rehabilitation, however inadequate software and implementation compromise resultant movement fidelity and therefore outcomes. We aimed to develop, and evaluate the usability of, a novel digital tool to support tele-rehabilitation.

Design: An iterative-convergent mixed-methods was used to remotely support participants' rehabilitation. The digital tool superimposed an outline of optimal technique onto the body.

Setting: Online.

Participants: Twelve injured dancers and 8 athletes were recruited (age: 32.4 ± 12.2).

Main outcome measures: The System-Usability-Scale (SUS), complemented with explanatory qualitative interviews were analysed using a matching integration strategy and iteratively informed tool and implementation refinement. Scaled questions regarding movement accuracy, error-detection and confidence were analysed to determine efficacy.

Results: SUS mean scores, improved from the first round (mean ± SD) 67 ± 18.6 to the final round 86 ± 5, with all major usability issues resolved. Qualitative analysis revealed seven themes: accessibility, acceptability, integration, confidence, ease of use, learnability and satisfaction. Qualitative analysis guided problem identification and the underlying reasons. Meaningful differences after feedback were observed for accuracy (Cohen's d = 0.9,CI = 95 %) and error detection (d = 0.61) but not confidence (d = 0.34).

Conclusions: Our digital tool demonstrates encouraging promise for enhancing tele-rehabilitation fidelity, motor-learning, and movement quality. Serious usability issues were resolved, yielding a tool suitable for wider release and integration into rehabilitation support software.

Objectives: To investigate the reliability and magnitude of change of isokinetic testing of the glenohumeral rotators in overhead athletes with unilateral anterior shoulder instability.

Design: Test-Retest.

Setting: Clinical.

Participants: Thirty patients (17 males, 27.9 ± 10.8 years) with unilateral anterior shoulder instability.

Main outcomes measures: Maximal and average peak torques (PTa), and total work values were extracted from shoulder internal and external rotation in concentric and eccentric modes at 60°/s, and in concentric mode at 180°/s.

Results: PTa at 60°/s presented the highest reliability [Intraclass Coefficient of Correlation (ICC): 0.88 to 0.95] and lowest measurement error [Minimal Detectable Change at 95 % confidence interval (MDC_95 %): 23.2-35.4 %], irrespective of the movement direction and contraction modalities. Conventional, functional and modal ratios based on these average values displayed poor-to-good reliability [ICC: 0.16 to 0.88] and high measurement error [MDC_95 %: 22.6-43.2 %]. Despite significant differences (p < 0.001 for all), the magnitudes of changes over 6 months were lower than the MDC_95 % values.

Conclusions: Based on average peak torque values assessed at 60°/s, changes in maximal strength may be higher than 35 % to be considered real changes during rehabilitation process, while muscular imbalance should be interpreted with caution.

Objectives: Isokinetic dynamometers are the gold standard for muscle strength assessment, yet no systematic review has compiled Biodex-specific reference values or practical tools for their use. We aim to provide an overview of available Biodex isokinetic dynamometer peak torque reference values in healthy populations, assess methodological quality and offer recommendations for clinical and research use.

Methods: MEDLINE/PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE were systematically searched for studies establishing Biodex Dynamometer reference values. Data on study characteristics and protocols were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed with a 17-point checklist.

Results: Ten studies were included from 1044 records screened. Population and protocol differences made meta-analysis unfeasible. The most predominant protocol assessed knee strength at 60°/s with 4-10 repetitions. Two studies had low methodological quality, six moderate, and two high. Studies lost points due to insufficient reporting rather than flaws in procedures. We created decision trees to facilitate readers in selecting appropriate reference values.

Conclusions: Reporting quality of Biodex reference values studies needs improvement. By integrating methodological quality, population characteristics, and protocols in decision trees, this review provides practical guidance to select appropriate reference values and improve muscle strength assessments in clinical and research settings.

Objectives: To develop the Landing Error Scoring System-Modified (LESS-M) and assess its content and concurrent validity.

Design: Content and concurrent validity study.

Setting: Online expert survey and laboratory-based testing.

Participants: Five field experts and 29 healthy individuals.

Main outcome measures: Content Validity Index (CVI) and Spearman's rank correlation between LESS-M scores and standard 3D motion analysis.

Results: All experts endorsed the lateral single-leg jump-landing task and the modified assessment tool. The ave-CVI and I-CVI were 0.97 and 0.8-1.0, respectively. Moderate correlations were found between the LESS-M score and both knee valgus (ρ = 0.425; p = 0.001) and hip adduction moment (ρ = 0.446; p = 0.001) at peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF).

Conclusions: The LESS-M demonstrated strong content validity based on expert consensus and showed moderate concurrent validity with 3D motion capture for assessing lateral single-leg jump landing. It may be a potential tool for identifying individuals at risk for non-contact ACL injury. Nonetheless, further investigation is required to determine an appropriate cutoff score and to assess the reliability of the LESS-M for broader application.