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A 7-year-old girl with a history of being in contact with a cat was referred to our department due to her 1-month unilateral blepharitis that was initially treated as a herpetic infection without amelioration. She experienced itching and loss of her right eyelashes (Figure 1). Her visual acuity was 20/20. The slit lamp examination revealed anterior blepharitis with madarosis, broken eyelashes, and lesions in right lower eyelid, while the left eyelids were normal.

A 25-year-old man presented with gradually increasing swelling of 15 years' duration on the left side of his neck. There had been occasional foul-smelling discharge from the swelling. Local examination revealed an 8 cm × 5 cm oblong-shaped, yellowish to skin-colored, soft, -cerebriform swelling. There were multiple open comedones (Figure 1a). The surrounding skin had small and soft skin-colored papules. On palpation, there was no ulceration, tenderness, induration, or bag of worms. A scar from the past surgery was visible. Systemic examina- tion was unremarkable. The differential diagnosis demonstrated plexiform neurofibroma and nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis (NLCS; Figure 2).

Libtayo^® (cemiplimab-rwlc) injection for intravenous use was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) and metastatic basal cell carcinoma (mBCC), both being the advanced stages of BCC. In the past, it was approved by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (mCSCC) and locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (laCSCC), both being the advanced stages of CSCC. Cemiplimab is a monoclonal antibody that works by blocking the programmed death-1 pathway. In two open-label, single-arm, phase 2 studies, cemiplimab was investigated for the treatment of advanced stages of BCC (study 1620, NCT03132636) and advanced stages of CSCC (study 1540, NCT02760498). The primary endpoint was objec-tive response rate (ORR) per independent central review. In the study 1620, both mBCC and laBCC received cemiplimab 350 mg every 3 weeks. ORR was 21% (6/28) and 31% (26/84) in the mBCC and laBCC groups, respectively. In the study 1520, mCSCC was divided into two groups: one receiving cemiplimab 350 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W) and another receiving 3-mg/kg cemiplimab every 2 weeks (Q2W); the third group, laCSCC, received cemiplimab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks. ORR was 41% (23/56) in the Q3W group, 49% (29/59) in the Q2W group, and 44% (34/78) in the laCSCC group. An acceptable safety profile and antitumor activity was discovered in patients treated with cemiplimab. The recommended dosage for cemiplimab to treat advanced stages of BCC and CSCC is 350 mg every 3 weeks administered intravenously over 30 min.

Itching is a prominent clinical manifestation of sensitive skin; it reduces cutaneous barrier function, mainly caused by dryness. Scratching to relieve itching destroys the skin barrier, thus forming the itch-scratch cycle that results in additional disruption of skin barrier and chronic itching. Treatment involves alleviation from itching for sensitive skin. Recently, substance P (11-amino acid neuropeptide of the tachykinin family) and neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) have been considered to provide a key pathway to treat chronic itching. A single-center, open-label study was conducted comprising subjects with dry, itchy, and sensitive skin to evaluate the efficacy of two types of itch-relief moisturizers, mist and lotion, containing maltotetraose (MTO). In all, 35 subjects used mist containing MTO, resulting in significant improvement in itch score from 1 minute to 2 hours following single application. On the other hand, 34 subjects applied lotion containing MTO for 1 week, resulting in significant improvement in itch score, skin hydration, and clinical scores of erythema/redness and dryness; however, in both cases, improve-ment was not observed in the measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL). It was concluded that two types of itch-relief moisturizers containing MTO were effective for dry, itchy, and sensitive skin.

Keloids are pathologic responses to cutaneous injury. Current treatments, such as topical and intralesional steroids and even surgical excision, have limited efficacy, creating a demand for improved therapies. Our study explores the functioning of dupilumab, an interleukin-4 and inter-leukin-13 signaling pathway inhibitor, in this context. We have reviewed the literature for using dupilumab to treat keloids, evaluating safety and efficacy and offering recommendations for its application. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar using "Dupilumab" and "Keloid" as keywords. To ensure relevance, we limited the search to English language publications of 2018-2023. Dupilumab exhibited efficacy in keloid treatment, with notable improvements in patients. One patient reported a 50% reduction in the fibrotic plaque and complete resolution of smaller keloids without adverse effects. Two other patients reported successful stabilization and reduction in keloids following dupilumab therapy; however, the 12-week treatment demonstrated no response or reduction in post-treatment size or height of keloidals, with disease progression observed in one patient. One report discouraged the use of dupilumab for keloids due to limited positive responses. Considering dupilumab as the last therapeutic option to treat keloids may benef patients resistant to standard therapies and/or those highly motivated to reduce keloids.

No other organ in the human body has as many functions as the skin-biologic, cultural, social, and psychologic. The skin is the first attribute we notice, and it is the basis of our first impressions. It provides information about our state of health, our moods, our age, and sometimes our cultural background. Above all, the skin is an organ like the heart or the lungs. The objective of this exploratory anthropologic study was to shed light on the people's global perception of the skin. More precisely, we wanted to explore how people think about their skin and whether they think of it in terms of its biologic role and importance as their body's largest organ. We wanted to know how aware they are about the skin's anatomy, functionality, and the pathologies that most concern them. Do people consider their skin merely as an envelope of beauty or as something more? To find out, we conducted a prospective anthropologic study of a random sampling of multicultural individuals in and around Paris, France. Participants were given a questionnaire with six semi-structured questions and one open-ended question about their per-ceptions and attitudes of their skin. Responses were analyzed on the basis of word groupings within the six major categories of considerations represented by the available literature on the skin in both French and English. The results of this study demonstrated the mutable nature of people's perception of their skin. Rather than remaining with one fixed vision, their thoughts about their skin changed in conjunction with their age, life experiences, and lifestyle in accordance with wider societal and environmental realities. In addition, their perspectives tended to go beyond cultural groupings, displaying a certain homogeneity of vision across demographic categories. As such, we concluded that the skin is a form of virtual reality that is constructed and reconstructed as one moves through life in the society.

A 19-year-old girl presented with symmetric and bilateral hyperpigmentation, an indurated lesion that initially appeared on the axillary fold at the age of 14, which then extended to the lower back, anterior aspect of both thighs, and popliteal fold. No hypertrichosis was observed (Figure 1).The patient was the youngest of the four children, born from the first-degree consanguineous marriage. She was born at full term and weighed 2,420 g at birth. No similar patient was present in the family. The patient experienced delayed motor acquisition and stature growth (3rd percentile) until the age of 4. Right hypoacusis was diagnosed at the age of 6. She developed hallux valgus, flexion contracture of the fin-gers and toes, barrel deformity of the anterior thorax, and recurrent fever. The laboratory tests, including fasting blood glucose, -triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were normal. Her abdominal, pelvic, and transthoracic ultrasound scans were normal, with no hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or cardiac abnormalities. Histologic analysis demonstrated patchy acanthosis of the epidermis, with orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. Keratinocyte hyperpigmentation and spongiosis at certain areas were observed with moder-ate inflammation because of the infiltration of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and plasma cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed macrosialin (CD68+) and common gamma chain (γ_c) CD132. Germline mutations in the SLC29A3 gene were not analyzed. The patient was prescribed dermocorticoids with depigmentation therapy, which demonstrated moderate clinical evolution.

Dermatologic literature describes nail abnormalities involving nail bed as linear erythronychia or onychomatricoma. The abnormality reflects cognitive content of the nail bed. A resourceful epidermis capable of manifesting in a variety of clinical appearances depends on initiating stimulus affecting remarkably its nail bed matrix cells. These cells are stem cells (NBMSC) migrating distally to cover remarkably the underlying nail bed dermal ridges that are homologous to finger print dermal ridges. Normally, adult nail bed epidermal cells are uniform and keratinize with the stratum corneum without a granular layer.