Stomatologija最新文献

Background and objective: Immunologically mediated mucocutaneous diseases frequently manifest initially in the oral cavity and often exhibit overlapping clinical features. This overlap complicates early clinical diagnosis and may delay appropriate management. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of oral lichen planus, oral pemphigus and oral pemphigoid in a large retrospective cohort.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of 6300 biopsy records archived over a 21-year period was performed. Cases diagnosed histopathologically as oral lichen planus, oral pemphigus and oral pemphigoid were included. Demographic details and clinical features were retrieved from records. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were re-evaluated using current diagnostic criteria. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.

Results: Out of 6300 cases, 105 (1.66%) were immunologically mediated oral diseases. Oral lichen planus constituted 86 cases (1.36%), oral pemphigoid 15 cases (0.23%) and oral pemphigus 4 cases (0.06%). Characteristic clinicopathological features were observed for each entity, with oral lichen planus being the most prevalent.

Conclusions: Immunologically mediated oral diseases represented a small proportion of oral biopsy specimens. Overlapping clinical features necessitate careful clinicopathological correlation to ensure accurate diagnosis. Histopathological examination remains essential for definitive diagnosis and appropriate management.

Introduction: Sialolithiasis is a relatively uncommon alteration of the salivary gland characterized by the presence of calcified structures within the glandular parenchyma or its ductal system, causing swelling and pain.

Aim: Present a series of six cases of sialolithiasis in the submandibular and parotid glands, the diagnostic process, and the adopted treatment approach.

Case series: Five reported cases occurred in the submandibular gland, and only one in the parotid gland. Three patients presented with painful symptoms, increased volume, and purulent secretions, while the other three cases were asymptomatic. All sialoliths were diagnosed through radiographic exams. The treatment consisted of sialolith removal via surgical approach and/or salivary flow stimulation via local massage.

Conclusion: Sialolithiasis is diagnosed through clinical and imaging evaluation, and conservative treatment approaches preserve the integrity and function of the gland.

Anomalous anatomical relationship of spinal accessory nerve and internal jugular vein can make neck dissection very challenging while removing nodal metastasis in oral cancer. We report here one such situation which was a surprise finding on table. We feel all clinicians encountering internal jugular vein should be aware of this to avoid neurovascular complication.

Objective: To present a case where bilateral mandibular tori complicated prosthetic rehabilitation and to discuss the etiology, clinical features and management of this anatomical variant based on a review of current literature.

Case report: A 45-year-old female presented with gingival bleeding and lower anterior tooth mobility. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed chronic periodontitis, missing teeth (#35, #36, #37, #46) and bilateral, lobulated mandibular tori. The left torus was surgically removed under local anesthesia using a chisel and mallet to facilitate the fabrication of a removable partial denture. Postoperative healing was uneventful, with complete mucosal healing observed at one month. The prosthesis was subsequently delivered successfully.

Conclusions: While often asymptomatic, mandibular tori can impede prosthetic treatment. Surgical removal is a predictable procedure when indicated, leading to favorable functional and prosthetic outcomes. This case underscores the importance of interdisciplinary management in oral healthcare.

Objective: To study the peculiarities of the anatomical structure and architecture of the mandibular in children at different age to CT data.

Methods: 161 CT scans of the bones of the facial skull of children aged 1 to 18 years were selected. Orientation of the tomographic slices was based on the standardized protocol of CT studies. Differences were considered significant when p values were lower than 0.05.

Results: The width of the lower jaw was greatest in the area of the angle and chin symphysis. The general dynamics of the thickening of the cortical layer of the lower jaw from the vestibular side differed from the dynamics of the formation of the lingual cortex. The density of the cortical layer increased with age: the difference between its average value in the age groups of 1-3 years and 14-17 years was 16-46%.

Conclusions: The width of the lower jaw in the process of its growth and development increases in different areas by an average of 6-58%. The thickening of the cortical layer with age is more intensive than the general increase in its thickness and amounts to 41-51% for various areas of the jaw, except for the head of the condylar process. The radiological density of the cortical layer increases with age by 6-67%, and reaches 2064.2±180.54 in the older age group.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the influence of two different rotary systems on GuttaCore obturation material overextension in curved root canals.

Methods: Sixty-two canals of the extracted human molars with root canals of moderate and severe curvature were included. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the rotary instruments used for the root canal shaping: PU group (n=31) - ProTaper Ultimate, and XP group (n=31) - XP-endo Shaper. After shaping root canals were obturated with GuttaCore and AH Plus sealer according to the manufacturer's instructions that differed between the groups. The length of the obturation material was evaluated radiographically and microscopically. The categorical variables homogeneous distribution was evaluated by the Chi-square (χ2) test. The odds ratio was evaluated to assess the tendency of obturation material overextension in one group compared to another.

Results: After applying inclusion criteria for the root canal obturation quality assessment, 16 specimens were excluded from the further study due to the low-quality obturation. Significantly more specimens with no obturation material overextension in the PU group than in the XP group (p=0.014) were observed. In the XP group, a significantly higher incidence of sealer, sealer and gutta-percha overextension was detected compared to the PU group. The chance of obturation material overextension in the XP group was higher than in the PU group.

Conclusion: The root canals prepared with XP-endo Shaper and obturated with GuttaCore according to the manufacturer's instructions had a higher obturation material overextension incidence in curved root canals compared to ProTaper Ultimate.

Background: Dental or skeletal anchoring plays a significant role in the orthodontic treatment of various malocclusions. Miniscrews are now regarded as stable skeletal anchoring. Despite their popularity, miniscrew success rates in studies range from 83.9 to 93.3%. Surface treatment is one of its properties that is now being extensively researched and enhanced. Consequently, the purpose of this systematic review is to ascertain how miniscrew surface treatment affects insertion torque, success rate, and removal torque.

Materials and methods: The protocol for conducting a systematic literature review followed the PRISMA criteria. The keywords "mini-implant", "mini-screw", "orthodontic mini screws", "survival rate", and "surface treatment" were used to search electronic databases. This systematic review included human studies published in English within the previous five years that compared the success rates of miniscrews with and without changed surfaces.

Results: Four included studies assessed the effect of surface modification on the success rate; two of them examined the impact on insertion torque, one the removal torque, and one assesed the periotest value. The rough surface group achieved a higher success rate than the non-modified group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The treated surface group had higher removal torque than the non-treated group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Quantitative and qualitative analysis revealed that surface-treated miniscrews had a greater success rate and insertion torque than non-treated ones, although the difference was not statistically significant.

Objective: To assess salivary and serum levels of Human Islet Antigen Insulinoma-Associated-2 Autoantibody (IA-2A) & Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody (ZnT8A) in generalized periodontitis patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) & healthy controls. Our hypothesis was that either/both these chronic, low-grade inflammatory conditions may influence each other and lead to altered salivary and/or serum IA-2A and ZnT8A levels.

Material and methods: Periodontally & systemically healthy controls (G-I, n=20), generalized periodontitis without T2DM (G-II, n=20), T2DM without periodontitis (G-III, n=20) & generalized periodontitis with T2DM (G-IV, n=20) patients were enrolled. Periodontal, demographic, anthropometric & laboratory parameters were evaluated & analysed.

Results: Salivary and serum IA-2A & ZnT8A were significantly elevated in diabetic as compared to the non-diabetic patients (p<0.001). There was a strong & positive correlation between periodontal clinical parameters, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) & both salivary and serum IA-2A & ZnT8A. Regression analysis results determined both salivary and serum IA-2A and ZnT8A to be independent risk factors for periodontitis (p<0.05). Serum ZnT8A in T2DM patients and salivary IA-2A in non-T2DM patients were the most accurate markers to differentiate periodontitis from health.

Conclusion: Autoantibodies to IA-2 & ZnT8 may function as non-invasive markers to screen for periodontitis/or T2DM.

Background: Oral cancer is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide and knowledge of diagnostic techniques, treatment modalities in different populations and preventive measures are extremely important. The use of tobacco and alcoholic beverages increases the risk for development of this neoplasm.

Objective: This retrospective study was done evaluating the cases of squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed at an oral diagnosis specialized care center (CAEDO) during 2 years.

Material and methods: The records of 29 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed considering the age, patient´s gender, lesion site in oral cavity, the use of tobacco and alcohol, the characteristics of the lesions and treatment performed.

Results: A higher incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma was observed in males in the proportion of 2:1. The mean age was 64 years and most patients were tobacco and / or alcohol users. Third four lesion sites were detected and the tongue was the most affected site, corresponding to 51.7% of all cases.

Conclusion: The dental surgeon must be able to recognize a neoplasm and attention should be made to male patients aged over 40, especially those with tobacco and alcohol use.

Autism is a complex developmental disorder with multiple etiologies and varying degrees of severity. The essential characteristics of Autistic Disorder are the presence of a compromised development in social interaction, communication. Regarding oral health, autistics have a high prevalence of caries and periodontal disease, factors related to their cariogenic diet and difficulties in oral hygiene, which are common in special patients. The objective of this research is to describe and analyze the oral health of these patients, as well as to identify the main oral diseases of patients with autism accompanied by the Association of mothers and friends of autistic people in Parnaíba City, Piauí, Brazil. This is a descriptive cross-sectional research, developed through a questionnaire applied to parents or guardians about behaviors, diet, medications, oral health routine and clinical examination of the assisted children. For data storage and extraction, SQLYOG software was used, then the data were exported to the Microsoft Excel program, proceeding with the descriptive analysis. There was a higher proportion of males, poor oral hygiene and presence of parafunctional habits. For a more humanized and comprehensive approach, patients needed multidisciplinary and specialized treatment. The data obtained by the research provided crucial information for development of improvements about the autistics oral health in Parnaíba city, contributing to the life quality of these patients.