Stomatologija最新文献

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of various interventions performed before and during orthodontic treatment which aim to reduce the incidence of WSL.

Materials and methods: Using PRISMA guidelines in search of clinical trials published between 2017 and 2022, a literature analysis was performed. This search was conducted using following Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms in 2 databases: "prevention and control" AND "Orthodontics" AND "Tooth Demineralization". Supplementary, a manual search was conducted in Google Scholar.

Results: The literature search resulted in a total of 3626 study articles, of which 8 publications were used in the present review, according to a selection based on the pre-established eligibility criteria. The review showed that F varnish, 10% Xylitol varnish had positive outcomes in comparison with placebo. 0.44% APF formulated daily oral rinse and nanosilver mouthwash were better than 0.2% NaF weekly rinse and CHX, F mouthwashes respectively. NovaMin toothpaste (TP), MIPP and MIV, examined in different studies, proved no significant difference over regular F TP. MIV compared to ProSeal provided no statistically significant between-group differences as well. Clinpro 5000 provided superior protection against enamel decalcification when compared to Clinpro Tooth Creme and MI Paste.

Conclusion: The white spot lesions have improved, regressed, or eliminated using topical agents including fluoride, xylitol, or casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate during the fixed orthodontic treatment. More research is needed in order to determine the most effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of surface and subsurface demineralization of the enamel.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) comprises a wide spectrum of clinical presentations in children and adults, ranging from favorable lesions to aggressive disseminated disease. We present 2 cases where cytology introduced the diagnosis of LCH in the appropriate clinicoradioliogical settings. Cytology can serve accurately in LCH interpretation based on the characteristic cytomorphology and selected immunocytochemistry, so unwarranted biopsy can be overruled and treatment can be adjusted largely where histopathology services are unavailable. Diagnosis may be difficult in cases with scant or insufficient cellular material.

Objective: Implantation and prosthodontics in the anterior zone are considered the most difficult procedures in dentistry. Creating an appropriate emergence profile is necessary to achieve both stable peri-implant tissues and esthetically acceptable outcomes with implant-supported restorations, especially when conditions are limited. This article provides clinical recommendations and presents solutions on how to establish a proper emergence profile when unfavorable clinical outcomes occur.

Materials and methods: Online database PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched by using the following keywords in various combinations: dental implant, emergence profile, esthetic zone and soft tissue shaping. All studies fulfilling the selection criteria were carefully reviewed and 8 studies that met the principles were selected for this review.

Clinical considerations: The emergence profile is influenced by multiple factors, including the position of the implant and the surrounding soft tissues. It is essential to have a thorough understanding of different zones of the emergence profile and their relationship with various factors, such as implant position and soft tissue quality. The guidelines presented in this article shows possible manipulations on the restoration design according to implant position and surrounding soft tissues.

Conclusions: Implant position and soft tissue condition have to be evaluated carefully before making prostheses in order to achieve the proper esthetic view. Understanding distinctive emergence profile characteristics results in the best possible esthetic outcome.

Clinical significance: Acknowledgement of how to design an emergence profile when clinical conditions are not in clinician's favor helps to accomplish sufficient results.

Background and objective: The central giant cell lesion (CGCL) is a benign intraosseous lesion that may resemble other giant cell-rich lesions, such as the peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL). This lesion may be classified as aggressive or non-aggressive according to clinical and radiographic criteria, however, there is no biological marker that may help to define the CGCL based on the biological behavior. In this context, stromal cell phagocytosis has been described as an event related to aggressive lesions, however, only a few studies have investigated this phenomenon in CGCL. The aim of this study was to compare mononuclear cell phagocytosis by the multinucleated giant cells between aggressive, non-aggressive CGCL and PGCL.

Material and methods: Thirty-three cases of CGCL, 10 aggressive and 23 non-aggressive, and 20 cases of PGCL were included in this study. Phagocytosis events were evaluated in five consecutive microscopic fields from histological sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The ratio between the numbers of phagocytosis/mm²and the total number of multinucleated giant cells/mm²was calculated.

Results: Phagocytosis was observed in the multinucleated giant cells of all cases. The density of phagocytosis/mm²in relation to giant cells/mm²was higher in the CGCL than in the PGCL. In addition, aggressive CGCL showed higher phagocytosis events when compared to the non-aggressive variant.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that the aggressiveness of multinucleated giant cell lesions of the jaws may be related to the number of phagocytosis events in the lesion.

Introduction: This article comprehensively explores Dirofilariasis, focusing on Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis as rare zoonotic ailments. Emphasis is placed on their prevalence, life cycle intricacies, and symptoms, particularly the rising incidence of Dirofilaria repens in Europe, notably Lithuania. The report details three cases of oral dirofilariasis, presenting clinical histories, diagnostics, interventions, and species identification. The discussion highlights the rarity of maxillo-mandibular dirofilariasis, addressing diagnostic challenges and diverse treatment options.

Objective: The objective is to investigate the emergence, clinical aspects, and management of Dirofilariasis, with a focus on Dirofilaria repens, emphasizing its prevalence in Europe, particularly Lithuania.

Materials and methods: The article presents three cases of oral dirofilariasis, providing detailed clinical histories, diagnostic procedures, interventions, and species identification. A thorough examination of Dirofilaria repens prevalence and characteristics in Europe, especially Lithuania, is conducted.

Results: The discussion reveals insights into the rarity of maxillo-mandibular dirofilariasis, highlighting diagnostic challenges and diverse treatment options. The cases contribute valuable information on clinical and diagnostic aspects, enhancing the understanding of this unusual condition.

Conclusion: The conclusion emphasizes the critical need for heightened awareness and a comprehensive diagnostic approach in managing oral dirofilariasis. It serves as a reminder to healthcare professionals about the importance of increased awareness for effective management in medical practice.

Background: Tooth autotransplantation is the surgical movement of a tooth from one region of the mouth to another in the same patient. Mostly, this treatment method is used in patients whose teeth are in the development phase, yet it also constitutes an alternative solution for adult patients.

Material and methods: This paper describes a retrospective study of adult patients (aged 18-43y), who had multiple autotransplantations in the period of 2013-2016. The study focuses on cases where at least three teeth needed replacement - a total of 7 patients and 26 instances of autotransplantation. All participants had at least three autotransplantations and at least four years have elapsed since the last transplantation surgery.

Results: Autotransplantation viability is 92.3% and rate of success 84.6% for an average monitoring period of 5.6 years (on the 4-8-year period under observation).

Conclusion: For missing tooth replacement, the study shows autotransplantation to be a good alternative treatment option to dental implants.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin (MLT) and paricalcitol (PRC) on the healing of the extraction socket following tooth extraction in rats with cyclosporine-A (CsA).

Material and methods: 76 male Wistar rats were divided into five different groups, one of which was a control (C) group. All groups other than the control group were applied CsA (10 mg/kg/daily) intraperitoneally 7 days before the tooth extraction. The left upper incisors were extracted on day 8 and CsA injections were continued in all groups until sacrification. Starting from the day of tooth extraction, in group 1 (CsA) were given CsA, in group 2 (CsA+MLT) were applied intraperitoneal MLT injection in a dose of 4 mg/kg, in group 3 (CsA+PRC) were applied intraperitoneal PRC injection in a dose of 200 ng/kg, and in group 4 (CsA+MLT+PRC) were applied intraperitoneal PRC injection and intraperitoneal MLT until the day of sacrification of all groups. The subjects were sacrificed on day 7 and 14 following tooth extraction. For histopathological examination, the subjects stained Hemotoxylin-Eosin and evaluated histologically under the light microscope. The intensity of inflammation in extraction socket was scored based on a four-grade system.

Results: The level of inflammation was found to be lower in group C on day 7, while the inflammation value was found to be higher in the group 1 on day 14 (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in the ossification values on day 7 between the groups(p<0.05). The percentage of ossification on day 7 was significantly lower in the group 1 than in the C and group 3, and significantly lower in the group 2 than in the group 3. The percentage of ossification on day 14 in the group 1 was significantly lower than in group C (p<0.05).

Conclusions: CsA has a negative effect on bone healing. The application of MLT and PRC following the toxicity produced by CsA was found to positively affect the healing of the socket that develops after tooth extraction.

Objective: Dentofacial deformities affect patients' social relations, self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life. Studies show that patients treated for malocclusions with orthodontics/orthognathic surgery have significantly more temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) than others. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of orthognathic surgery on temporomandibular joint pain.

Material and methods: The literature review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Publications were searched in databases: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Science Direct. A combination of keywords was used and the selection criteria were applied. Articles written in English and studies conducted on people who underwent bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and/or Le Fort I osteotomy and arthralgia were evaluated before and after surgery were included in this study.

Results: 10 publications were selected, including a total of 1143 patients. When evaluating arthralgia, statistically significant positive results were seen at 6 months after surgery, at later postoperative periods results remained beneficial.

Conclusion: Included studies showed that patients with dentofacial deformities, who underwent orthodontic-orthognathic treatment, less often complains about arthralgia.

Rehabilitation of edentulous ridges, in some cases, can represent a challange for both the oral surgeon and the patient. After teeth loss, posterior sectors of the maxilla can shrink because of both the crestal resorption and sinus pneumatization. The implant placement in such cases requires invasive procedures of sinus lift and bone augmentation. In cases where these steps are not possible, short implant placement should be considered to offer a fixed rehabilitation. We report a case of rehabilitation with a short 5mm length implant in the posterior maxillae atrophic area. A documented follow-up of 5 years is reported, showing a good biologic and functional performance.

Complex odontoma or odontogenic hamartoma is the most common odontogenic tumor, diagnosed mainly in the first two decades of life, rarely exceeding 3 cm. This paper aim is report a clinical case of complex odontoma in the retromolar region that could induce an imminent risk of mandibular fracture. The patient reported local pain, discomfort, an area with hardened edema and absence of the lower right second molar. Using computed tomography, a three-dimensional model was printed and a mandibular reconstruction plate 2.4 mm pre-bent. Through intraoral access, osteotomy was performed to remove the tumor, the tooth and fixation of the plate. With intraoral access, peripheral osteotomy was performed to remove the tumor and the tooth, then fixed a pre-folded plate. The odontogenic hamartoma is a benign and asymptomatic tumor, but can reach large proportions until diagnosed. The surgical planning of large complex odontomas in the mandible must be done with carefull, using technological resources when is possible to help predict the treatment, avoid possible complications, better esthetic result, less invasive procedure and better recovery.