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Anna Hopkins Angle: a remembrance. 安娜-霍普金斯-安格尔:回忆。
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.2319/1945-7103-94.3.366
James J. Zahrowski
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引用次数: 0
Letters From Our Readers. 读者来信
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.2319/1945-7103-94.3.370
Philip Benson
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引用次数: 0
Letters From Our Readers. 读者来信
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.2319/1945-7103-94.3.371
Karim Gamal Elias, Gautham Sivamurthy, David R Bearn
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引用次数: 0
Wilson curve modification in permanent dentition: a retrospective comparison between clear aligners and continuous archwire treatment 恒牙的威尔逊曲线修正:透明矫治器与连续弓丝治疗的回顾性比较
Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.2319/101123-691.1
R. Lione, F. C. De Razza, F. Gazzani, P. Cozza, C. Pavoni
To evaluate leveling of the Curve of Wilson (COW) by two different treatment appliances (clear aligners [CA] and continuous archwire fixed appliances [FA]) in a permanent dentition sample of patients. Digital casts of 40 patients (CA group = 20 patients; FA group = 20 patients) were collected. Angular values for COW, right and left vertical height difference of lower first molars, and linear distance between lower teeth and the WALA ridge were analyzed for pre- (T1), posttreatment (T2) and on final virtual (ClinCheck) models (T2-CC) of the CA group. An unpaired t-test was used to evaluate significant intergroup differences (P < .05), while a paired t-test was used for posttreatment CA intragroup comparison. FA group showed better control of second molar crown positions compared to CA group (47-WALA = −0.2 ± 0.1 mm, 37-WALA = −0.6 ± 0.3 mm). No significant difference was detected for linear distance of lower first molars and the WALA ridge or for vertical height difference. CA group showed a greater reduction of distance between lower premolars and the WALA ridge (mean difference: –0.5 mm for both 45-WALA and 35-WALA; mean difference: −0.5 mm for 44-WALA, −0.6 mm for 34-WALA). Predictability for the CA group was high for every measurement (87% Right COW, 89% Left COW, 88% 46 Vertical Diff, 87% 36 Vertical Diff). Clear aligner and continuous archwire mechanics were effective in leveling COW. FA was more effective in changing crown position of lower second molars with respect to the WALA ridge, while CA provided a greater distance reduction between lower premolars and WALA ridges compared to FA.
评估两种不同矫治器(透明矫治器[CA]和连续弓丝固定矫治器[FA])对恒牙列患者威尔逊曲线(COW)的矫治效果。 收集了 40 名患者(CA 组 20 名;FA 组 20 名)的数字化模型。分析了CA组治疗前(T1)、治疗后(T2)和最终虚拟(ClinCheck)模型(T2-CC)的COW角度值、下第一磨牙左右垂直高度差和下牙与WALA嵴之间的线性距离。组间差异显著(P < .05)时采用非配对 t 检验,治疗后 CA 组内差异显著(P < .05)时采用配对 t 检验。 与 CA 组相比,FA 组对第二磨牙牙冠位置的控制更好(47-WALA = -0.2 ± 0.1 mm,37-WALA = -0.6 ± 0.3 mm)。下第一磨牙与WALA嵴的线性距离或垂直高度差均无明显差异。CA 组的下前臼齿与 WALA 牙脊之间的距离缩小幅度更大(45-WALA 和 37-WALA 的平均差异为 -0.5 mm):45-WALA和35-WALA的平均差异为-0.5毫米;44-WALA的平均差异为-0.5毫米:44-WALA为-0.5毫米,34-WALA为-0.6毫米)。CA组每次测量的可预测性都很高(右侧COW为87%,左侧COW为89%,46 Vertical Diff为88%,36 Vertical Diff为87%)。 透明矫治器和连续弓丝技术能有效平整牙冠。FA在改变下第二磨牙牙冠相对于WALA牙脊的位置方面更为有效,而CA与FA相比,能更大程度地缩小下前磨牙与WALA牙脊之间的距离。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of nasal septal deviation and maxillary bone and nasal airway dimensions and volumes using cone-beam computed tomography in patients with unilateral palatal canine displacement: a retrospective study 使用锥形束计算机断层扫描评估单侧腭犬牙移位患者的鼻中隔偏曲、上颌骨和鼻腔气道尺寸和体积:一项回顾性研究
Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.2319/110523-736.1
Safa A. Azim Osman, Elham Abu Alhaija, Ahed M. Alwahadni, Emad Al Maaitah, Saba O. Daher, Hasan O. Daher, Hamza AlTal
To detect any association between palatally displaced canine (PDC) and nasal septal deviation (NSD), palatal bone thickness and volume, and nasal airway dimensions and volume. A total of 92 patients were included and subdivided into two groups: group 1, unilateral PDCs (44 patients), and group 2, normally erupted canines (NDCs) (48 subjects). The following variables were measured using cone-beam computed tomography: presence and type of NSD, nasal width, inferior conchae, hard palate and nasal septum thickness, maxillary bone and nasal airway volumes. NSD was detected in 77% and 50% of PDC and NDC subjects, respectively. Within the PDC subjects, significant differences between the displaced and nondisplaced sides were detected. Palate thickness was increased in the canine region and reduced in the molar region. Compared with the control group, PDC subjects had reduced palate thickness and lower nasal airway volume. Two predictors were significant for predicting the odds of PDC occurrence: NSD and maxillary bone volume. NSD is more frequent in PDC subjects. PDC subjects have reduced palate thickness and decreased nasal airway volume. In the presence of NSD, the odds of developing PDC increase by 3.35 times, and for each one-unit increase in the maxillary bone volume, the odds of developing PDC decrease by 20%.
检测腭移位犬齿(PDC)与鼻中隔偏曲(NSD)、腭骨厚度和体积以及鼻腔气道尺寸和体积之间是否存在关联。 共纳入 92 名患者,并将其分为两组:第一组为单侧 PDC(44 名患者),第二组为正常萌出的犬齿(48 名受试者)。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描测量了以下变量:NSD 的存在和类型、鼻腔宽度、下鼻甲、硬腭和鼻中隔厚度、上颌骨和鼻气道体积。 在 PDC 和 NDC 受试者中,分别有 77% 和 50% 的人检测出 NSD。在 PDC 受试者中,移位侧和非移位侧之间存在显著差异。犬齿区的腭厚度增加,臼齿区的腭厚度减少。与对照组相比,PDC 受试者的腭部厚度减少,鼻腔气道容积降低。在预测 PDC 发生几率方面,有两个预测因子具有重要意义:NSD和上颌骨体积。 NSD 在 PDC 受试者中更为常见。PDC受试者的腭部厚度减少,鼻腔气道容积减小。如果存在 NSD,发生 PDC 的几率会增加 3.35 倍,上颌骨体积每增加一个单位,发生 PDC 的几率就会降低 20%。
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引用次数: 0
Does facial growth pattern affect the perception of lower facial asymmetry? 面部生长模式是否会影响对面部下部不对称的感知?
Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.2319/092823-656.1
Ece Basal, Ismail Cevik, Yasemin Bahar Acar, Fulya Özdemir
To investigate the influence of vertical facial type on esthetic perception of lower facial asymmetry as evaluated by orthodontists, dentists, and laypeople. Three adult females were selected with normal growth patterns (NGP), vertical growth patterns (VGP), and horizontal growth patterns (HGP). Frontal photographs were made symmetric and digitally altered, rotating the lower facial third clockwise, ranging from 0° to 6° in 1° increments. A web-based survey was designed with 24 images (eight images for each model) in random order. Each image was rated using a scale ranging from 0 (unattractive) to 10 (the most attractive) by 75 orthodontists, 73 dentists, and 78 laypeople. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether differences among groups were significant. Pairwise comparisons were made with Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at P = .05. In NGP, orthodontists and dentists could recognize slighter deviations (2°), while deviations in VGP and HGP under 3° were not recognized by all groups. Severe deviations (≥4°) were distinguished better in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople. In VGP and NGP, there was no significant difference over 4°. Growth pattern has a significant influence on perception of lower facial asymmetry. Less severe asymmetry can be detected better in NGP. In severe degrees, increments of asymmetry can be perceived more in HGP by orthodontists and laypeople.
目的:通过正畸医生、牙医和普通人的评价,研究垂直脸型对面部下部不对称美感的影响。 选取了三名成年女性,她们的生长模式分别为正常生长模式(NGP)、垂直生长模式(VGP)和水平生长模式(HGP)。对正面照片进行对称和数字修改,顺时针旋转面部下三分之一,旋转角度从 0° 到 6°,增量为 1°。我们设计了一个基于网络的调查问卷,其中包含 24 张图片(每个模型 8 张),顺序随机。75 名牙齿矫正专家、73 名牙医和 78 名非专业人士对每张图片进行了评分,评分标准从 0 分(不具吸引力)到 10 分(最具吸引力)不等。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验来确定组间差异是否显著。配对比较采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验。显著性水平设定为 P = .05。 在 NGP 中,正畸医生和牙科医生可以识别较轻微的偏差(2°),而在 VGP 和 HGP 中,所有组别都无法识别 3°以下的偏差。在 HGP 中,正畸医生和非专业人士对严重偏差(≥4°)的识别率更高。在 VGP 和 NGP 中,4°以上的偏差没有明显差异。 生长模式对面部下部不对称的感知有重要影响。在 NGP 中,较轻的不对称更容易被发现。在严重程度上,正畸医生和非专业人士对 HGP 的不对称增量感知较好。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of labio-palatal incisor movement between two wear protocols: a retrospective cohort study. 两种佩戴方案对唇腭切牙运动的比较:一项回顾性队列研究。
Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2319/063023-458.1
Max Wei, Tony Weir, Brett Kerr, Elissa Freer

Objectives: To investigate the accuracy of the Invisalign appliance in achieving predicted angular tooth movement of the maxillary central incisors, to locate the center of rotation in a labio-palatal direction, and to investigate any difference between 1-weekly and 2-weekly wear protocols.

Materials and methods: This study involved a retrospective sample of two groups of 46 Class I adult subjects treated non-extraction with different protocols of 1-weekly and 2-weekly wear. The pretreatment, predicted outcome and achieved outcome digital models were superimposed and measured using metrology software. Angular and center-of-rotation measurements in the sagittal plane for the maxillary right central incisor were analyzed.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference between predicted and achieved angular measurements (P < .005) for labial tooth movements regardless of wear protocol. For palatal movements, no statistically significant difference was observed (P > .05). A small amount of overexpression was observed in some cases. Regarding crown and root control, uncontrolled tipping was the most predictable. No statistically significant difference was found between predicted and achieved center of rotation, but the confidence interval was wide. No statistically significant difference (P > .05) was found between the two wear protocols for the parameters measured.

Conclusions: For maxillary central incisors, labial angular movements were not as accurate as palatal movements. Overcorrection could be recommended with careful clinical monitoring due to the possibility of overexpression. Control of root movements may be unpredictable, and further research is required to draw stronger conclusions. For the parameters measured in this clinical sample, there was no difference between the two wear protocols.

目的:研究Invisalign矫治器在预测上颌中切牙的牙齿角运动方面的准确性,定位唇腭方向的旋转中心,并研究1周和2周磨损方案之间的任何差异。材料和方法:本研究涉及两组46名一级成年受试者的回顾性样本,他们接受了为期1周和2周的不同方案的非拔牙治疗。使用计量软件对预处理、预测结果和实现结果数字模型进行叠加和测量。分析了上颌右中切牙在矢状面上的角度和旋转中心测量值。结果:无论佩戴方案如何,预测和实现的唇牙运动角度测量值之间存在统计学上的显著差异(P<.005)。对于腭部运动,没有观察到统计学上的显著差异(P>0.05)。在某些情况下观察到少量的过度表达。关于冠根控制,不受控制的倾倒是最可预测的。预测和实现的旋转中心之间没有发现统计学上的显著差异,但置信区间很宽。测量的参数在两种磨损方案之间没有发现统计学上的显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:对于上颌中切牙,唇侧角运动不如腭侧运动准确。由于过度表达的可能性,建议在仔细的临床监测下进行过度校正。根系运动的控制可能是不可预测的,需要进一步的研究才能得出更有力的结论。对于在该临床样本中测量的参数,两种佩戴方案之间没有差异。
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引用次数: 0
Predictive factors of therapeutic response according to craniofacial skeletal biotype in patients with sleep apnea syndrome using mandibular advancement devices: a pilot study. 根据颅面骨骼生物型预测下颌前移装置治疗睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者疗效的因素:一项初步研究。
Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2319/092822-670.1
Rafael Ecija Navarro, Berşan Karadede, Beyza Karadede Ünal, Domingo Martin Salvador

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of facial biotype in the therapeutic effect of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) according to polysomnographic records in patients diagnosed with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS).

Materials and methods: A total of 46 patients were recruited. Patients were classified according to facial biotype (mesofacial, brachyfacial, or dolichofacial). The quantitative variables were described as the arithmetic mean and standard deviation or the median and interquartile range. Hypothesis tests used were Pearson's chi-square, paired-sample Student's t- test, the Wilcoxon test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 46 patients were categorized into three facial biotype subgroups with no significant differences among them in age, body mass index, neck circumference, and sex. The respiratory disturbance index (RDI) results were as follows: brachyfacial patients had a reduction to 15 events/h (P < .001), the mesofacial patients had a reduction to 14 events/h (P < .001), and the dolichofacial patients did not show a significant reduction. The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) results were as follows: brachyfacial patients had a reduction in ODI episodes to 45 episodes/h (P = .001), mesofacial patients had a reduction to 18 episodes/h (P = .001). In the brachyfacial group, the number of awakenings with MAD therapy was reduced to 23 events/h (P = .003), while, in the mesofacial group, it was reduced to 37 episodes/h (P = .012).

Conclusions: The facial biotype influences the effectiveness of MAD therapy and is considered a good predictive factor.

目的:根据多导睡眠图记录,评估面部生物类型对诊断为睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)患者下颌前移器(MADs)治疗效果的影响。材料和方法:共招募46名患者。根据面部生物类型(中面部、短面部或多面部)对患者进行分类。定量变量被描述为算术平均值和标准差或中位数和四分位间距。使用的假设检验包括皮尔逊卡方检验、配对样本Student t检验、Wilcoxon检验、单向方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Mann-Whitney U检验。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果:共有46名患者被分为三个面部生物型亚组,在年龄、体重指数、颈围和性别方面没有显著差异。呼吸障碍指数(RDI)结果如下:近面部患者减少到15次事件/小时(P<0.001),中面部患者减少至14次事件/h(P<.001),而多面部患者没有表现出显著的减少。氧去饱和指数(ODI)结果如下:短脸患者的ODI发作次数减少到45次/h(P=0.001),中脸患者减少到18次/h(P=.001)。在短脸组中,MAD治疗的觉醒次数减少到23次/h(P=0.003),而在中脸组中,减少到37次/小时(P=.012)。结论:面部生物类型影响MAD治疗的有效性,被认为是一个很好的预测因素。
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引用次数: 0
Early-stage periodontal ligament compression predicts orthodontically induced root resorption in rats. 早期牙周韧带压迫预测正畸诱导的大鼠牙根吸收。
Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2319/040223-233.1
Takuya Nakamura, Yuka Hotokezaka, Carmen Karadeniz, Hitoshi Hotokezaka, Yuika Ueda-Ichinose, Kie Nishioka-Sakamoto, Noriaki Yoshida

Objectives: To determine the effect of orthodontic pressure on periodontal ligament (PDL) compression in rats and assess correlation between PDL compression and orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR).

Materials and methods: Eight female Wistar rats aged 10 weeks underwent surgery to place 2 mini-screws at the center of the palatal plate. 25 cN coil springs connecting the maxillary first molars and mini-screws were applied bilaterally to generate mesial force. Maxillary first molars were assigned to undergo either bodily or tipping movements. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) scans were taken on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, and histological sections were taken on day 14. OIRR was measured from histological sections, and the corresponding PDL compression ratio was quantified using μCT images.

Results: The PDL was compressed by approximately 76% in tipping movement and 55% in bodily movement after 3 days, and by approximately 47% in bodily and tipping movements after 7 days of orthodontic force application. The extent of OIRR in tipping movement was significantly greater than that in bodily movement. A strong positive correlation between OIRR and PDL compression ratio was observed on day 3; however, no correlation was observed on day 7.

Conclusions: A strong correlation between PDL compression ratio and OIRR was observed at an early stage after the application of orthodontic force regardless of the tooth movement type (bodily or tipping), implying the importance of early stage PDL compression in the induction of OIRR.

目的:观察正畸压力对大鼠牙周韧带压迫的影响,并探讨牙周韧带压迫与正畸诱导牙根吸收的关系。材料与方法:8只10周龄雌性Wistar大鼠,在腭板中央放置2枚微型螺钉。采用25cn螺旋弹簧连接上颌第一磨牙,双侧使用微型螺钉产生近中力。上颌第一磨牙被指定进行身体或倾斜运动。于第0、3、7、14天进行显微计算机断层扫描(μCT),并于第14天进行组织学切片。组织切片测量OIRR, μCT图像量化相应的PDL压缩比。结果:3天后,PDL在倾斜运动中压缩了约76%,在身体运动中压缩了55%,在正畸力施加7天后,在身体和倾斜运动中压缩了约47%。翻倒动作的OIRR程度显著大于身体动作。第3天,OIRR与PDL压缩比呈显著正相关;然而,在第7天没有观察到相关性。结论:应用正畸力后早期PDL压缩比与OIRR之间存在较强的相关性,与牙齿运动类型(身体或倾斜)无关,提示早期PDL压缩对诱导OIRR的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of posttreatment stability after total mandibular arch distalization with mini-implants and mandibular setback surgery. 下颌全弓远端植入微型植入体和下颌后移手术治疗后稳定性的比较。
Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2319/062723-447.1
Yoon-Ah Kook, Tae-Hyun Choi, Jae Hyun Park, So-Hyun Kim, Nam-Ki Lee

Objectives: To compare posttreatment stability in skeletal Class III patients between those treated by total mandibular arch distalization (TMAD) with buccal mini-implants and those by mandibular setback surgery (MSS).

Materials and methods: The samples included 40 Class III adults, 20 treated by TMAD using buccal interradicular mini-implants and 20 treated with MSS. Lateral cephalograms were taken at pretreatment, posttreatment, and at least 1-year follow-up, and 24 variables were compared using statistical analysis.

Results: Mandibular first molars moved distally 1.9 mm with intrusion of 1.1 mm after treatment in the TMAD group. The mandibular incisors moved distally by 2.3 mm. The MSS group exhibited a significant skeletal change of the mandible, whereas the TMAD group did not. During retention, there were no skeletal or dental changes other than 0.6 mm labial movement of the mandibular incisors (P < .05) in the MSS group. There was 1.4° of mesial tipping (P < .01) and 0.4 mm of mesial movement of the mandibular molars and 1.9° of labial tipping (P < .001) and 0.8 mm of mesial movement of the mandibular incisors in the TMAD group. These dental changes were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions: The TMAD group showed a slightly decreased overjet with labial tipping of the mandibular incisors and mesial tipping of the first molars during retention. Posttreatment stability of the mandibular dentition was not significantly different between the groups. It can be useful to plan camouflage treatment by TMAD with mini-implants in mild-to-moderate Class III patients.

目的:比较下颌骨全弓远端截骨术(TMAD)和下颌骨后移手术(MSS)治疗后骨骼III级患者的稳定性:样本包括 40 名 III 类成人,其中 20 人接受了使用颊面骨间微型植入物的全下颌牙弓远端矫治术,20 人接受了下颌后缩手术。分别在治疗前、治疗后和至少 1 年的随访期间拍摄侧方头影,并通过统计分析对 24 个变量进行比较:结果:TMAD组治疗后,下颌第一磨牙向远端移动了1.9毫米,内陷1.1毫米。下颌切牙向远端移动了 2.3 毫米。MSS 组的下颌骨出现了明显的骨骼变化,而 TMAD 组则没有。在固位期间,MSS 组除了下颌门牙向唇侧移动 0.6 mm 外(P < .05),没有其他骨骼或牙齿变化。TMAD组的下颌臼齿有1.4°的中侧倾倒(P < .01)和0.4毫米的中侧移动,下颌切牙有1.9°的唇侧倾倒(P < .001)和0.8毫米的中侧移动。这些牙齿变化在两组之间没有明显差异:结论:TMAD组的过咬合略有减少,下颌切牙在保持期间向唇侧倾斜,第一磨牙向中侧倾斜。治疗后下颌牙列的稳定性在两组间无明显差异。对于轻度至中度的 III 类患者,用微型种植体进行 TMAD 伪装治疗是非常有用的。
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引用次数: 0
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The Angle orthodontist
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