Pub Date : 2021-03-18DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.49BE7320
Megan E. Macdonald, J. Balboni, C. Cornelison, J. Hartman, M. Haw, E. Fretter, B. Cruden, M. Wilder, Helen H. Hwang
{"title":"NASA Ames Thermophysics Ground Test Facilities Supporting Future Planetary Atmospheric Entry","authors":"Megan E. Macdonald, J. Balboni, C. Cornelison, J. Hartman, M. Haw, E. Fretter, B. Cruden, M. Wilder, Helen H. Hwang","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.49BE7320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.49BE7320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73108557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-18DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.C3479D04
T. Lister, M. Kelley, G. Gyuk, Q. Ye, Jian-Yang Li
{"title":"Rapid Response and Robotic Telescopes For Understanding Small Body Transient Science","authors":"T. Lister, M. Kelley, G. Gyuk, Q. Ye, Jian-Yang Li","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.C3479D04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.C3479D04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"87 8 1","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87695249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-18DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.3A1A9433
R. Juanola-Parramon, H. Hammel, G. Arney, A. Roberge, G. Villanueva, Walt Harris, B. Schmidt, K. Singer
{"title":"Solar System Science with Space Telescopes","authors":"R. Juanola-Parramon, H. Hammel, G. Arney, A. Roberge, G. Villanueva, Walt Harris, B. Schmidt, K. Singer","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.3A1A9433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.3A1A9433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"30 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82341255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In May 2019 SpaceX launched its first batch of 60 Starlink communication satellites, which surprised astronomers and laypeople with their appearance in the night sky. Astronomers have only now, a little over a year later, accumulated enough observations of constellation satellites like those being launched by SpaceX and OneWeb, and run computer simulations of their likely impact when fully deployed, to thoroughly understand the magnitude and complexity of the problem. This research informed the discussion at the Satellite Constellations 1 (SATCON1) workshop held virtually 29 June to 2 July 2020 and led to recommendations for observatories and constellation operators. The SATCON1 report concludes that the effects on astronomical research and on the human experience of the night sky range from “negligible” to “extreme.”
{"title":"Impact of Satellite Constellations on Optical Astronomy and Recommendations Toward Mitigations","authors":"ConstanceWalker, JeffreyHall, LoriAllen, RichardGreen, PatrickSeitzer, TonyTyson, AmandaBauer, KelsieKrafton, JamesLowenthal, JoelParriott, PhilPuxley, TimAbbott, GasparBakos, JohnBarentine, CeesBassa, JohnBlakeslee, AndrewBradshaw, JeffCooke, DanielDevost, DavidGaladí-Enríquez, FlynnHaase, OlivierHainaut, SteveHeathcote, MoribaJah, HarrisonKrantz, DanielKucharski, JonathanMcDowell, PrzemekMróz, AngelOtarola, EricPearce, MeredithRawls, ClareSaunders, RobSeaman, JanSiminski, AdamSnyder, LisaStorrie-Lombardi, JeremyTregloan-Reed, RichardWainscoat, Andrew J. Williams, P. Yoachim","doi":"10.3847/25c2cfeb.346793b8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.346793b8","url":null,"abstract":"In May 2019 SpaceX launched its first batch of 60 Starlink communication satellites, which surprised astronomers and laypeople with their appearance in the night sky. Astronomers have only now, a little over a year later, accumulated enough observations of constellation satellites like those being launched by SpaceX and OneWeb, and run computer simulations of their likely impact when fully deployed, to thoroughly understand the magnitude and complexity of the problem. This research informed the discussion at the Satellite Constellations 1 (SATCON1) workshop held virtually 29 June to 2 July 2020 and led to recommendations for observatories and constellation operators. The SATCON1 report concludes that the effects on astronomical research and on the human experience of the night sky range from “negligible” to “extreme.”","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85616786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.C985281E
C. Richey, Katharine M N Lee, Erica M. Rodgers, K. Clancy
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, pansexual, asexual, and/or nonbinary (LGBTQPAN) people are a vulnerable, yet understudied group in the American STEM workplace. Only recently have efforts been made to assess their workplace experiences and levels of representation in STEM. In this paper, we sought to explore the experiences of LGBTQPAN individuals in the astronomy and planetary science community. We conducted an internet-based survey of the workplace experiences of 474 astronomers and planetary scientists. We hypothesized LGBTQPAN women and gender minority respondents in our sample would observe negative remarks or directly experience verbal or physical harassment in higher proportion compared to cisgender, straight women, a more commonly studied group. We found support for this hypothesis. LGBTQPAN women and gender minorities also observed more homophobic and transphobic remarks from their peers, and were more likely to feel unsafe at work due to their race, sexual orientation, and gender identity, compared to cisgender, straight women. They were more likely to be verbally harassed due to sexual orientation and gender identity, and were fully twice as likely to be physically harassed due to gender or sex. Based on our sample, we suggest that LGBTQPAN women and gender minorities experience a more hostile workplace climate in astronomy and planetary science compared to cisgender, straight women.Keywords: gender minorities, sexual minorities, harassment, assault, planetary science, astronomy
{"title":"Gender and sexual minorities in astronomy and planetary science face increased risks of harassment and assault","authors":"C. Richey, Katharine M N Lee, Erica M. Rodgers, K. Clancy","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.C985281E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.C985281E","url":null,"abstract":"Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, pansexual, asexual, and/or nonbinary (LGBTQPAN) people are a vulnerable, yet understudied group in the American STEM workplace. Only recently have efforts been made to assess their workplace experiences and levels of representation in STEM. In this paper, we sought to explore the experiences of LGBTQPAN individuals in the astronomy and planetary science community. We conducted an internet-based survey of the workplace experiences of 474 astronomers and planetary scientists. We hypothesized LGBTQPAN women and gender minority respondents in our sample would observe negative remarks or directly experience verbal or physical harassment in higher proportion compared to cisgender, straight women, a more commonly studied group. We found support for this hypothesis. LGBTQPAN women and gender minorities also observed more homophobic and transphobic remarks from their peers, and were more likely to feel unsafe at work due to their race, sexual orientation, and gender identity, compared to cisgender, straight women. They were more likely to be verbally harassed due to sexual orientation and gender identity, and were fully twice as likely to be physically harassed due to gender or sex. Based on our sample, we suggest that LGBTQPAN women and gender minorities experience a more hostile workplace climate in astronomy and planetary science compared to cisgender, straight women.Keywords: gender minorities, sexual minorities, harassment, assault, planetary science, astronomy","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"4226 2 1","pages":"0206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80562834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Timmes, Chris L. Fryer, A. Hungerford, A. Couture, F. Adams, W. Aoki, A. Arcones, W. Arnett, K. Auchettl, M. Avila, C. Badenes, E. Baron, A. Bauswein, J. Beacom, J. Blackmon, S. Blondin, P. Bloser, S. Boggs, A. Boss, T. Brandt, E. Bravo, E. Brown, P. Brown, S. Bruenn, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, E. Burns, A. Calder, R. Caputo, A. Champagne, R. Chevalier, A. Chieffi, K. Chipps, D. Cinabro, O. Clarkson, D. Clayton, A. Coc, D. Connolly, C. Conroy, B. Côté, S. Couch, N. Dauphas, R. deBoer, C. Deibel, P. Denisenkov, S. Desch, L. Dessart, R. Diehl, C. Doherty, I. Domínguez, S. Dong, V. Dwarkadas, Doreen Fan, B. Fields, C. Fields, A. Filippenko, R. Fisher, F. Foucart, C. Fransson, C. Fröhlich, G. Fuller, B. Gibson, Viktoriya Giryanskaya, J. Görres, S. Goriely, S. Grebenev, B. Grefenstette, E. Grohs, J. Guillochon, A. Harpole, C. Harris, J. A. Harris, F. Harrison, D. Hartmann, M. Hashimoto, A. Heger, M. Hernanz, F. Herwig, R. Hirschi, R. Hix, P. Höflich, R. Hoffman, Cole Holcomb, E. Hsiao, C. Iliadis, A. Janiuk, T. Ja
Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation. The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide set of astrophysical questions.
{"title":"Catching Element Formation In The Act - The Case for a New MeV Gamma-Ray Mission: Radionuclide Astronomy in the 2020s","authors":"F. Timmes, Chris L. Fryer, A. Hungerford, A. Couture, F. Adams, W. Aoki, A. Arcones, W. Arnett, K. Auchettl, M. Avila, C. Badenes, E. Baron, A. Bauswein, J. Beacom, J. Blackmon, S. Blondin, P. Bloser, S. Boggs, A. Boss, T. Brandt, E. Bravo, E. Brown, P. Brown, S. Bruenn, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, E. Burns, A. Calder, R. Caputo, A. Champagne, R. Chevalier, A. Chieffi, K. Chipps, D. Cinabro, O. Clarkson, D. Clayton, A. Coc, D. Connolly, C. Conroy, B. Côté, S. Couch, N. Dauphas, R. deBoer, C. Deibel, P. Denisenkov, S. Desch, L. Dessart, R. Diehl, C. Doherty, I. Domínguez, S. Dong, V. Dwarkadas, Doreen Fan, B. Fields, C. Fields, A. Filippenko, R. Fisher, F. Foucart, C. Fransson, C. Fröhlich, G. Fuller, B. Gibson, Viktoriya Giryanskaya, J. Görres, S. Goriely, S. Grebenev, B. Grefenstette, E. Grohs, J. Guillochon, A. Harpole, C. Harris, J. A. Harris, F. Harrison, D. Hartmann, M. Hashimoto, A. Heger, M. Hernanz, F. Herwig, R. Hirschi, R. Hix, P. Höflich, R. Hoffman, Cole Holcomb, E. Hsiao, C. Iliadis, A. Janiuk, T. Ja","doi":"10.2172/1498895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1498895","url":null,"abstract":"Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation. The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide set of astrophysical questions.","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"438 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78154396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A two-channel spectrometer was calibrated in the wavelength region 1200-3400 A and flown on an Aerobee rocket to observe the stars alpha Lyr, eta UMa, and zeta Oph. Standard tungsten lamps provided the absolute calibration down to 2250 A, and a photodiode calibrated by the National Bureau of Standards was the reference at shorter wavelengths. The molecular branching-ratio technique of relative calibration using the gases CO, NO, and N2 was a check on the absolute calibration. The flux from eta UMa agrees with the prediction of a hydrogen line blanketed model atmosphere within 10% between 1700 and 3400 A and within 4% over most of this wavelength region.
{"title":"Absolute Flux Measurements in the Rocket Ultraviolet.","authors":"R. Bohlin, D. Frimout, C. Lillie","doi":"10.18758/A_131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18758/A_131","url":null,"abstract":"A two-channel spectrometer was calibrated in the wavelength region 1200-3400 A and flown on an Aerobee rocket to observe the stars alpha Lyr, eta UMa, and zeta Oph. Standard tungsten lamps provided the absolute calibration down to 2250 A, and a photodiode calibrated by the National Bureau of Standards was the reference at shorter wavelengths. The molecular branching-ratio technique of relative calibration using the gases CO, NO, and N2 was a check on the absolute calibration. The flux from eta UMa agrees with the prediction of a hydrogen line blanketed model atmosphere within 10% between 1700 and 3400 A and within 4% over most of this wavelength region.","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73463307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Daniel E. Harris (1934 - 2015)","authors":"J. Madrid, F. Massaro, Teddy Cheung","doi":"10.3847/BAASOBIT2015012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/BAASOBIT2015012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72733424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hard X-rays and gamma rays carry the most direct evidence available for the roles of accelerated particles in solar flares. An approach that employs a spatial Fourier-transform technique for imaging the sources of these emissions is described and plans for developing a balloon-borne gamma ray imaging device (GRID) based on this instrumental approach is presented. This instrument, GRID on a balloon, would enable observations with a 1.6 arcsecond angular resolution, 10 millisecond time resolution, and whole-Sun field of view on long-duration balloon flights during MAX 1991.
{"title":"Imaging Solar Flares in Hard X Rays and Gamma Rays from Balloon‐Borne Platforms","authors":"C. Crannell","doi":"10.1029/GM054P0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/GM054P0203","url":null,"abstract":"Hard X-rays and gamma rays carry the most direct evidence available for the roles of accelerated particles in solar flares. An approach that employs a spatial Fourier-transform technique for imaging the sources of these emissions is described and plans for developing a balloon-borne gamma ray imaging device (GRID) based on this instrumental approach is presented. This instrument, GRID on a balloon, would enable observations with a 1.6 arcsecond angular resolution, 10 millisecond time resolution, and whole-Sun field of view on long-duration balloon flights during MAX 1991.","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"29 1","pages":"203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87219810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measurements of the vector magnetic field in the solar atmosphere with high spatial and temporal resolution over a large field of view are critical to understanding the nature and evolution of currents in active regions. Such measurements, when combined with the thermal and nonthermal X-ray images from the upcoming Solar-A mission, will reveal the large-scale relationship between these currents and sites of heating and particle acceleration in flaring coronal magnetic flux tubes. The conceptual design of an imaging vector magnetograph that combines a modest solar telescope with a rotating quarter-wave plate, an acousto-optical tunable prefilter as a blocker for a servo-controlled Fabry-Perot etalon, CCD cameras, and a rapid digital tape recorder are described. Its high spatial resolution (1/2 arcsec pixel size) over a large field of view (4 x 5 arcmin) will be sufficient to significantly measure, for the first time, the magnetic energy dissipated in major solar flares. Its millisecond tunability and wide spectra range (5000 to 8000 A) enable nearly simultaneous vector magnetic field measurements in the gas-pressure-dominated photosphere and magnetically dominated chromosphere, as well as effective co-alignment with Solar-A's X-ray images.
在大视场上以高空间和时间分辨率测量太阳大气中的矢量磁场，对于了解活跃区电流的性质和演变至关重要。当这些测量与即将到来的太阳- a任务的热x射线和非热x射线图像相结合时，将揭示这些电流与日冕磁通管中加热和粒子加速位置之间的大规模关系。描述了一种成像矢量磁图的概念设计，该磁图结合了一个普通的太阳望远镜和一个旋转的四分之一波片，一个声光可调预滤波器作为伺服控制法布里-珀罗标准龙的阻挡器，CCD相机和一个快速数字磁带录音机。它的高空间分辨率(1/2角秒像素大小)在一个大视场(4 x 5角分)将足以显著测量，第一次，在主要的太阳耀斑耗散的磁能。它的毫秒可调性和宽光谱范围(5000到8000a)使得在气压主导的光球层和磁主导的色球层中几乎同时进行矢量磁场测量，以及与Solar-A的x射线图像有效地共对准。
{"title":"An imaging vector magnetograph for the next solar maximum","authors":"R. Canfield, D. Mickey","doi":"10.1029/GM054P0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/GM054P0037","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of the vector magnetic field in the solar atmosphere with high spatial and temporal resolution over a large field of view are critical to understanding the nature and evolution of currents in active regions. Such measurements, when combined with the thermal and nonthermal X-ray images from the upcoming Solar-A mission, will reveal the large-scale relationship between these currents and sites of heating and particle acceleration in flaring coronal magnetic flux tubes. The conceptual design of an imaging vector magnetograph that combines a modest solar telescope with a rotating quarter-wave plate, an acousto-optical tunable prefilter as a blocker for a servo-controlled Fabry-Perot etalon, CCD cameras, and a rapid digital tape recorder are described. Its high spatial resolution (1/2 arcsec pixel size) over a large field of view (4 x 5 arcmin) will be sufficient to significantly measure, for the first time, the magnetic energy dissipated in major solar flares. Its millisecond tunability and wide spectra range (5000 to 8000 A) enable nearly simultaneous vector magnetic field measurements in the gas-pressure-dominated photosphere and magnetically dominated chromosphere, as well as effective co-alignment with Solar-A's X-ray images.","PeriodicalId":9423,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society","volume":"11 1","pages":"37-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82099265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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