Danica Scepanovic, Matej Par, Thomas Attin, Tobias T Tauböck
Purpose: To investigate marginal integrity of restorations applied with preheated and non-preheated composite, flowable composite, sonically activated composite, and a new thermo-viscous bulk-fill composite using near-infrared technology for preheating, in class V cavities of human molars.
Materials and methods: Standardized cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 60 human mandibular molars and restored with one of the following resin composite materials after application of an etch-and-rinse adhesive (OptiBond FL, Kerr): non-preheated or preheated conventional composite (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M Oral Care), preheated thermo-viscous composite (VisCalor bulk, Voco), soncially activated composite (SonicFill 3, Kerr), or flowable composite (Filtek Supreme XTE Flowable, 3M Oral Care) applied in bulk or as a lining material using the snow-plow technique. After light curing and polishing, the percentage of continuous margins (PCM) of the restorations in enamel and dentin was assessed using SEM both before and after thermomechanical loading (TML). TML was carried out with 3000 thermal cycles (5°C-50°C) and a simultaneous mechanical stress application with 1.2 million load-cycles (1.7 Hz, 49 N) in a computer-controlled masticator. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U-tests (α = 0.05).
Results: All groups revealed a significant decline in marginal integrity after TML in both enamel and dentin. Although the flowable group in enamel and the snow-plow group in dentin showed the highest PCM before TML, the differences between the groups were compensated after TML.
Conclusion: All of the tested composites and application methods showed similar marginal integrities after thermomechanical loading and can be recommended for clinical implementation.
{"title":"Marginal Adaptation of Flowable vs Sonically Activated or Preheated Resin Composites in Cervical Lesions.","authors":"Danica Scepanovic, Matej Par, Thomas Attin, Tobias T Tauböck","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b3032461","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b3032461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate marginal integrity of restorations applied with preheated and non-preheated composite, flowable composite, sonically activated composite, and a new thermo-viscous bulk-fill composite using near-infrared technology for preheating, in class V cavities of human molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Standardized cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 60 human mandibular molars and restored with one of the following resin composite materials after application of an etch-and-rinse adhesive (OptiBond FL, Kerr): non-preheated or preheated conventional composite (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M Oral Care), preheated thermo-viscous composite (VisCalor bulk, Voco), soncially activated composite (SonicFill 3, Kerr), or flowable composite (Filtek Supreme XTE Flowable, 3M Oral Care) applied in bulk or as a lining material using the snow-plow technique. After light curing and polishing, the percentage of continuous margins (PCM) of the restorations in enamel and dentin was assessed using SEM both before and after thermomechanical loading (TML). TML was carried out with 3000 thermal cycles (5°C-50°C) and a simultaneous mechanical stress application with 1.2 million load-cycles (1.7 Hz, 49 N) in a computer-controlled masticator. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U-tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups revealed a significant decline in marginal integrity after TML in both enamel and dentin. Although the flowable group in enamel and the snow-plow group in dentin showed the highest PCM before TML, the differences between the groups were compensated after TML.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All of the tested composites and application methods showed similar marginal integrities after thermomechanical loading and can be recommended for clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84636629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a sulfinate agent on the bonding durability of one-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs) to smear-layer-covered dentin deproteinized with hypochlorous acid (HOCl).
Materials and methods: Human coronal dentin disks with a standardized smear layer were deproteinized with 100 ppm HOCl solution for 0 s (control), 15 s or 30 s. After rinsing with water for 30 s and air drying, half of the specimens were treated with a sulfinate agent (Scotchbond Universal Dual Cure Activator; SDA) prior to the application of a 1-SEA (Bond Force II [Tokuyama Dental] or Clearfil Universal Bond Quick [Kuraray Noritake]). Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was measured after 24 h or 10,000 thermal cycles (TC). The data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc tests and t-tests at the 0.05 significance level.
Results: The 24-h µTBS of both adhesives increased statistically significantly with the HOCl pretreatment for 15 s or 30 s (p < 0.05), but it was not statistically significantly affected by the application of SDA (p > 0.05). However, after TC, the groups treated with the combination of HOCl and SDA maintained their µTBS (p > 0.05), as opposed to untreated dentin and dentin treated with either HOCl or SDA, whose µTBS decreased significantly (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The application of the sulfinate agent did not statistically significantly affect the immediate bond strength of 1-SEAs, and it could not prevent a significant decrease in the bond strength to untreated dentin after thermocycling. However, the sulfinate agent significantly improved the bonding durability of 1-SEAs to HOCl smear-layer deproteinized dentin.
{"title":"Application of Sulfinate Agent in Conjunction with HOCl Smear-Layer Deproteinization Improves Dentin Bonding Durability of One-step Self-etch Adhesives.","authors":"Kittisak Sanon, Antonin Tichy, Ornnicha Thanatvarakorn, Taweesak Prasansuttiporn, Kazuhide Yonekura, Keiichi Hosaka, Masayuki Otsuki, Masatoshi Nakajima","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2920099","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2920099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of a sulfinate agent on the bonding durability of one-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs) to smear-layer-covered dentin deproteinized with hypochlorous acid (HOCl).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Human coronal dentin disks with a standardized smear layer were deproteinized with 100 ppm HOCl solution for 0 s (control), 15 s or 30 s. After rinsing with water for 30 s and air drying, half of the specimens were treated with a sulfinate agent (Scotchbond Universal Dual Cure Activator; SDA) prior to the application of a 1-SEA (Bond Force II [Tokuyama Dental] or Clearfil Universal Bond Quick [Kuraray Noritake]). Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was measured after 24 h or 10,000 thermal cycles (TC). The data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc tests and t-tests at the 0.05 significance level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 24-h µTBS of both adhesives increased statistically significantly with the HOCl pretreatment for 15 s or 30 s (p < 0.05), but it was not statistically significantly affected by the application of SDA (p > 0.05). However, after TC, the groups treated with the combination of HOCl and SDA maintained their µTBS (p > 0.05), as opposed to untreated dentin and dentin treated with either HOCl or SDA, whose µTBS decreased significantly (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of the sulfinate agent did not statistically significantly affect the immediate bond strength of 1-SEAs, and it could not prevent a significant decrease in the bond strength to untreated dentin after thermocycling. However, the sulfinate agent significantly improved the bonding durability of 1-SEAs to HOCl smear-layer deproteinized dentin.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74988130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cees M Kreulen, Luuk A M J Crins, Niek J M Opdam, Bas A C Loomans
Purpose: To describe the digital workflow applied for restoring a severely worn dentition with minimally invasive CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations.
Materials and methods: A 40-year-old male in good general health and with full-arch dentition suffered from dentin hypersensitivity and wanted to improve the esthetics of his worn anterior teeth. The dental wear can be described as general, grade 3, according to the Tooth Wear Index,27 with more wear in maxillary than in mandibular teeth. Signs and symptoms were typical for a chemical type of wear, with some mechanical wear also apparent. No functional problems, eg, impaired chewing, were present. On the OHIP-49 questionnaire, the patient expressed a reduced quality of life. The goal of the treatment was to reconstruct the anatomical form of the teeth as far as possible, thereby also improving quality of life. Due to the rather large volume of lost tooth tissue per tooth, indirect treatment using CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations (LAVA Ultimate, 3M Oral Care) was applied.
Results: The seating of the CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations (LAVA Ultimate, 3M Oral Care) restorations was considered precise.
Conclusion: In the treatment of severe tooth wear, the described digital workflow using CAD/CAM restorations for occluding restorations and direct composite materials in the esthetic zone is a potential treatment modality that is workable and minimally invasive.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of Worn Dentition with CAD-CAM Restorations: A Case Report.","authors":"Cees M Kreulen, Luuk A M J Crins, Niek J M Opdam, Bas A C Loomans","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916447","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the digital workflow applied for restoring a severely worn dentition with minimally invasive CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A 40-year-old male in good general health and with full-arch dentition suffered from dentin hypersensitivity and wanted to improve the esthetics of his worn anterior teeth. The dental wear can be described as general, grade 3, according to the Tooth Wear Index,27 with more wear in maxillary than in mandibular teeth. Signs and symptoms were typical for a chemical type of wear, with some mechanical wear also apparent. No functional problems, eg, impaired chewing, were present. On the OHIP-49 questionnaire, the patient expressed a reduced quality of life. The goal of the treatment was to reconstruct the anatomical form of the teeth as far as possible, thereby also improving quality of life. Due to the rather large volume of lost tooth tissue per tooth, indirect treatment using CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations (LAVA Ultimate, 3M Oral Care) was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seating of the CAD/CAM resin nano-composite restorations (LAVA Ultimate, 3M Oral Care) restorations was considered precise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the treatment of severe tooth wear, the described digital workflow using CAD/CAM restorations for occluding restorations and direct composite materials in the esthetic zone is a potential treatment modality that is workable and minimally invasive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73678786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of incorporating different concentrations of biosilicate in an experimental self-etch adhesive (SE).
Materials and methods: Biosilicate microparticles (0, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) were incorporated into the primer, and degree of conversion (DC) and wettability were tested (one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, p < 0.05). The two best concentrations were selected (2% and 5%) for µTBS evaluation. Sound human molars (n=20) were sectioned into quarters and randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: 1. experimental SE + 0% biosilicate (Exp0%; negative control); 2. experimental SE + 2% biosilicate (Exp2%); 3. experimental SE + 5% biosilicate (Exp5%); 4. AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent, positive control). After adhesive application, Filtek Z350 (3M Oral Care) composite was built up incrementally to 5 mm. Each quarter tooth was sectioned into sticks (0.9 mm2) and stored in distilled water (37°C) for 24 h, 6 months, or 1 year. After storage, sticks were submitted to µTBS (0.75 mm/min). The Ca:P ratio was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's correction, with statistical siginificance set at p < 0.05. Fracture patterns were observed under a digital microscope and adhesive interfaces with transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Results: Exp2% presented the highest DC (p < 0.05), Exp5% exhibited the lowest µTBS (p < 0.05), and adhesive failures were predominant in all groups. TEM suggested remineralized areas in Exp2% and to a lesser degree in Exp5%. Exp2% and Exp5% showed a higher Ca:P ratio after aging (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The incorporation of biosilicate microparticles can improve the properties of self-etch adhesives. It increased the DC of the experimental adhesive as well as mineral deposition. However, the adhesive properties are concentration dependent, as a higher concentration of microparticles can adversely affect the mechanical properties of an adhesive.
{"title":"Effect of Incorporation of Bioactive Glass-Ceramic into Self-etch Adhesives.","authors":"Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza, Rafaella Tonani-Torrieri, Rocio Geng Vivanco, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda, Saulo Geraldeli, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti, Jean-Francois Roulet","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916451","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the effect of incorporating different concentrations of biosilicate in an experimental self-etch adhesive (SE).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Biosilicate microparticles (0, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) were incorporated into the primer, and degree of conversion (DC) and wettability were tested (one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, p < 0.05). The two best concentrations were selected (2% and 5%) for µTBS evaluation. Sound human molars (n=20) were sectioned into quarters and randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: 1. experimental SE + 0% biosilicate (Exp0%; negative control); 2. experimental SE + 2% biosilicate (Exp2%); 3. experimental SE + 5% biosilicate (Exp5%); 4. AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent, positive control). After adhesive application, Filtek Z350 (3M Oral Care) composite was built up incrementally to 5 mm. Each quarter tooth was sectioned into sticks (0.9 mm2) and stored in distilled water (37°C) for 24 h, 6 months, or 1 year. After storage, sticks were submitted to µTBS (0.75 mm/min). The Ca:P ratio was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's correction, with statistical siginificance set at p < 0.05. Fracture patterns were observed under a digital microscope and adhesive interfaces with transmission electron microscopy (TEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exp2% presented the highest DC (p < 0.05), Exp5% exhibited the lowest µTBS (p < 0.05), and adhesive failures were predominant in all groups. TEM suggested remineralized areas in Exp2% and to a lesser degree in Exp5%. Exp2% and Exp5% showed a higher Ca:P ratio after aging (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incorporation of biosilicate microparticles can improve the properties of self-etch adhesives. It increased the DC of the experimental adhesive as well as mineral deposition. However, the adhesive properties are concentration dependent, as a higher concentration of microparticles can adversely affect the mechanical properties of an adhesive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75781461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sung-Ae Son, Bit-Na Kim, Jae-Hoon Kim, Deog-Gyu Seo, Jeong-Kil Park
Purpose: To investigate the effect of roughness and drying time of dentin as well as the number of coats of a self-adhesive composite-cement primer on the bond strength of self-adhesive composite cement.
Material and methods: Sixty human teeth were prepared and assigned to 12 groups (n = 5), according to three experimental factors: 1) dentin surface roughness, rough or fine, as achieved by 250- and 600-grit silicon carbide papers, respectively; 2) dentin wetness based on air-drying time (5 or 10 s); and 3) the self-adhesive composite-cement primer applications (no-coat, 1-coat, and 2-coat). Composite resin blocks were made with hybrid composite resin (M1 GraceFil) and cemented with G-CEM ONE (both GC). Cement-dentin sticks (12) were prepared, and the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test was performed. Failure modes were observed with a stereomicroscope (40X), and bonding interfaces were evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc comparisons test (α = 0.05).
Results: Dentin roughness (250-grit > 600-grit, p = 0.000), drying time (5-s drying > 10-s drying, p = 0.000), and primer application (no-coat < 1-coat = 2-coat, p = 0.000) had significant effects on bond strength. These factors also showed significant interactions with each other (p = 0.003). The highest μTBS (31.8 ± 3.1 MPa) was observed in the 1-coat/fine roughness/10-s drying group and the lowest μTBS (13.4 ± 2.7 MPa) in the no-coat/coarse roughness/5-s drying group. CLSM showed higher penetration of cement in the primer-coated groups compared to that in the no-coat groups.
Conclusion: Bond strength between the self-adhesive composite cement and dentin was higher in the fine-roughness dentin group than in the coarse-roughness dentin group, and in the 5-s drying group compared to the 10-s drying group. Applying a primer to dentin improved bond strength of the self-adhesive composite cement.
{"title":"Influence of Dentin Surface Roughness, Drying Time, and Primer Application on Self-adhesive Composite-Cement Bond Strength.","authors":"Sung-Ae Son, Bit-Na Kim, Jae-Hoon Kim, Deog-Gyu Seo, Jeong-Kil Park","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916387","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of roughness and drying time of dentin as well as the number of coats of a self-adhesive composite-cement primer on the bond strength of self-adhesive composite cement.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Sixty human teeth were prepared and assigned to 12 groups (n = 5), according to three experimental factors: 1) dentin surface roughness, rough or fine, as achieved by 250- and 600-grit silicon carbide papers, respectively; 2) dentin wetness based on air-drying time (5 or 10 s); and 3) the self-adhesive composite-cement primer applications (no-coat, 1-coat, and 2-coat). Composite resin blocks were made with hybrid composite resin (M1 GraceFil) and cemented with G-CEM ONE (both GC). Cement-dentin sticks (12) were prepared, and the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test was performed. Failure modes were observed with a stereomicroscope (40X), and bonding interfaces were evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc comparisons test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dentin roughness (250-grit > 600-grit, p = 0.000), drying time (5-s drying > 10-s drying, p = 0.000), and primer application (no-coat < 1-coat = 2-coat, p = 0.000) had significant effects on bond strength. These factors also showed significant interactions with each other (p = 0.003). The highest μTBS (31.8 ± 3.1 MPa) was observed in the 1-coat/fine roughness/10-s drying group and the lowest μTBS (13.4 ± 2.7 MPa) in the no-coat/coarse roughness/5-s drying group. CLSM showed higher penetration of cement in the primer-coated groups compared to that in the no-coat groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bond strength between the self-adhesive composite cement and dentin was higher in the fine-roughness dentin group than in the coarse-roughness dentin group, and in the 5-s drying group compared to the 10-s drying group. Applying a primer to dentin improved bond strength of the self-adhesive composite cement.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84850829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rainer Haak, Philip Schäfer, Bettina Hanßen, Dirk Ziebolz, Kyung Jin Park, Matthias Häfer, Gerhard Schmalz, Hartmut Schneider
Purpose: To compare a self-etch and a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive in terms of internal and marginal composite-tooth bond failure separately on enamel and dentin/cement at 36-48 months after restoration placement using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Materials and methods: Twenty-seven patients with two or three class V composite restorations of noncarious cervical lesions 36-48 months after placement were included. The one-step self-etch adhesive Futurabond M ([Voco] group SE, n = 25) and the two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Solobond M ([Voco] group ER, n = 20) combined with the nanohybrid composite Amaris (Voco) were evaluated. The four-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Syntac classic combined with Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent) served as the control (n = 18). Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT, 1310-nm center wavelength) was applied. Marginal gaps and internal interfacial adhesive defects were quantified in cross-sectional OCT images. Groups were statistically compared using the Friedman/Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05).
Results: In enamel, nonsignificantly different percentages of marginal gap formation and internal interfacial adhesive defects were found between the groups (pi ≥ 0.258). In dentin/cement, SE showed significantly less marginal gap formation compared to ER (p < 0.001) and control (p = 0.001), and at the internal dentin-composite interface less adhesive defects were found compared to ER (p < 0.001) and control (p = 0.003).
Conclusion: The self-etch adhesive used in the current study appears recommendable for restoration of noncarious cervical lesions with composite.
{"title":"OCT Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Interface Integrity of Class V Composite Restorations after 36 to 48 Months.","authors":"Rainer Haak, Philip Schäfer, Bettina Hanßen, Dirk Ziebolz, Kyung Jin Park, Matthias Häfer, Gerhard Schmalz, Hartmut Schneider","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916433","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare a self-etch and a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive in terms of internal and marginal composite-tooth bond failure separately on enamel and dentin/cement at 36-48 months after restoration placement using optical coherence tomography (OCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with two or three class V composite restorations of noncarious cervical lesions 36-48 months after placement were included. The one-step self-etch adhesive Futurabond M ([Voco] group SE, n = 25) and the two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Solobond M ([Voco] group ER, n = 20) combined with the nanohybrid composite Amaris (Voco) were evaluated. The four-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Syntac classic combined with Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent) served as the control (n = 18). Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT, 1310-nm center wavelength) was applied. Marginal gaps and internal interfacial adhesive defects were quantified in cross-sectional OCT images. Groups were statistically compared using the Friedman/Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In enamel, nonsignificantly different percentages of marginal gap formation and internal interfacial adhesive defects were found between the groups (pi ≥ 0.258). In dentin/cement, SE showed significantly less marginal gap formation compared to ER (p < 0.001) and control (p = 0.001), and at the internal dentin-composite interface less adhesive defects were found compared to ER (p < 0.001) and control (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The self-etch adhesive used in the current study appears recommendable for restoration of noncarious cervical lesions with composite.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87231605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Patricia Ortiz Nadal, Nathália de Carvalho Ramos, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Lilian Costa Anami, Renata Marques de Melo, Marco Antonio Bottino
Purpose: To determine the interfacial fracture energy (IFE) and stress distribution of Brazil-nut-shaped specimens made of translucent zirconia and resin cement.
Materials and methods: Three types of translucent zirconia were used: 3Y-TZP (high, Vita YZ HT), 4Y-TZP (super, Vita YZ ST), and 5Y-TZP (extra, Vita YZ XT). The adhesive surfaces were air abraded and 10-MDP-based resin cement was used. The cemented Brazil-nut-shaped specimens, with an elliptical defect in the center (as in real Brazil nuts), were thermally aged (5°C-55°C; 40,000 cycles). The IFE test was conducted with a piston to apply compression on the specimen, while the adhesive interface was positioned at four different angles (0, 10, 20, and 30 degrees) to measure the IFE during tensile, shear, and mixed failure modes. All adhesive interfaces were observed to determine failure patterns. The finite element analysis (FEA) was used to calculate tensile and shear stress distributions according to inclinations. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests (95%), as well as the Mann-Whitney test (95%) was applied to compare each group regarding the aging factor.
Results: According to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests, there were no statistically significant differences between non-aged (p > 0.05) and aged materials (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between aged and non-aged materials for all inclinations (p < 0.05) (Mann-Whitney test). According to the FEA, the compressive loading of Brazil-nut-shaped specimens at different angles showed a predominance of tensile stress at 0 degrees and shear stress at 30 degrees.
Conclusion: The IFE under predominantly shear stresses is higher than when specimens are subjected only to tensile stresses, which allows the interpretation that failures in the oral environmental will probably occur preferentially under tensile stresses, because less energy is needed. All translucent zirconia bonded to resin cement has similar IFE, and thermal aging negatively affects these bonding interfaces.
目的:测定由半透明氧化锆和树脂水泥制成的巴西螺母形试样的界面断裂能(IFE)和应力分布:使用了三种半透明氧化锆:3Y-TZP(高,Vita YZ HT)、4Y-TZP(超,Vita YZ ST)和 5Y-TZP(特,Vita YZ XT)。粘合剂表面经过空气研磨,并使用 10-MDP 树脂粘合剂。粘合的巴西坚果形状试样中心有椭圆形缺陷(与真正的巴西坚果相同),并进行了热老化(5°C-55°C;40,000 次循环)。工频试验使用活塞对试样施加压缩,同时将粘合界面置于四个不同的角度(0、10、20 和 30 度),以测量拉伸、剪切和混合失效模式下的工频。对所有粘合界面进行观察,以确定破坏模式。有限元分析(FEA)用于计算不同倾斜度下的拉伸和剪切应力分布。使用 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Dunn 的事后检验(95%)进行统计分析,并使用 Mann-Whitney 检验(95%)比较各组的老化因素:根据 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Dunn 的事后检验,未老化材料(P > 0.05)和老化材料(P > 0.05)之间没有显著的统计学差异。然而,在所有倾角上,老化材料和非老化材料之间存在明显差异(p < 0.05)(曼-惠特尼检验)。根据有限元分析,巴西螺母形试样在不同角度的压缩加载显示,在 0 度时主要是拉应力,而在 30 度时主要是剪应力:结论:在剪应力占主导地位的情况下,IFE 值要高于只承受拉伸应力的试样,这说明口腔环境中的失效可能更倾向于发生在拉伸应力下,因为所需的能量更少。所有与树脂水泥粘接的半透明氧化锆都具有相似的 IFE,而热老化会对这些粘接界面产生负面影响。
{"title":"Interfacial Fracture Energy Between New Translucent Zirconias and a Resin Cement.","authors":"Laura Patricia Ortiz Nadal, Nathália de Carvalho Ramos, João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Lilian Costa Anami, Renata Marques de Melo, Marco Antonio Bottino","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916403","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the interfacial fracture energy (IFE) and stress distribution of Brazil-nut-shaped specimens made of translucent zirconia and resin cement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three types of translucent zirconia were used: 3Y-TZP (high, Vita YZ HT), 4Y-TZP (super, Vita YZ ST), and 5Y-TZP (extra, Vita YZ XT). The adhesive surfaces were air abraded and 10-MDP-based resin cement was used. The cemented Brazil-nut-shaped specimens, with an elliptical defect in the center (as in real Brazil nuts), were thermally aged (5°C-55°C; 40,000 cycles). The IFE test was conducted with a piston to apply compression on the specimen, while the adhesive interface was positioned at four different angles (0, 10, 20, and 30 degrees) to measure the IFE during tensile, shear, and mixed failure modes. All adhesive interfaces were observed to determine failure patterns. The finite element analysis (FEA) was used to calculate tensile and shear stress distributions according to inclinations. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests (95%), as well as the Mann-Whitney test (95%) was applied to compare each group regarding the aging factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc tests, there were no statistically significant differences between non-aged (p > 0.05) and aged materials (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between aged and non-aged materials for all inclinations (p < 0.05) (Mann-Whitney test). According to the FEA, the compressive loading of Brazil-nut-shaped specimens at different angles showed a predominance of tensile stress at 0 degrees and shear stress at 30 degrees.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IFE under predominantly shear stresses is higher than when specimens are subjected only to tensile stresses, which allows the interpretation that failures in the oral environmental will probably occur preferentially under tensile stresses, because less energy is needed. All translucent zirconia bonded to resin cement has similar IFE, and thermal aging negatively affects these bonding interfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78529474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathalia Ramos da Silva, Gabriela Monteiro de Araújo, Taciana Emília Leite Vila-Nova, Marcela Guedes Pereira Gouvêa Bezerra, Patrícia Dos Santos Calderon, Mutlu Özcan, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza
Purpose: To identify the most effective cleaning method for saliva-contaminated zirconia surface before adhesive cementation through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to select in vitro studies published through October 2021. Studies that did not perform aging methods, had a sample size less than 5 per group, or did not present a group with zirconia contaminated only with saliva were excluded. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed. Statistical analysis comparing the cleaning methods was conducted, and the standardized mean difference was assessed using the R software program.
Results: Among 804 potentially eligible studies, 36 were selected for full-text reading, of which 13 were included in qualitative analysis, and 11 of these were subsequently included in the quantitative analysis. A meta-analysis revealed a significant difference in the bond strength between the cleaning methods. Sandblasting with Al2O3 showed a higher bond strength than cleaning solution (Ivoclean, Ivoclar Vivadent) (p < 0.01, I2 = 65%), and both methods promoted higher resin-bond strength to zirconia than water cleaning. In addition, there was no significant difference in the bond strength between alcohol (p = 0.35, I2 = 79%), phosphoric acid (p < 0.23, I2 = 90%), and water cleaning.
Conclusion: Sandblasting with Al2O3 seems to be the best method for zirconia surface cleaning before adhesive luting, promoting better resin-bond strength to zirconia.
{"title":"Which Zirconia Surface-cleaning Strategy Improves Adhesion of Resin Composite Cement after Saliva Contamination? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nathalia Ramos da Silva, Gabriela Monteiro de Araújo, Taciana Emília Leite Vila-Nova, Marcela Guedes Pereira Gouvêa Bezerra, Patrícia Dos Santos Calderon, Mutlu Özcan, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916437","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify the most effective cleaning method for saliva-contaminated zirconia surface before adhesive cementation through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to select in vitro studies published through October 2021. Studies that did not perform aging methods, had a sample size less than 5 per group, or did not present a group with zirconia contaminated only with saliva were excluded. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed. Statistical analysis comparing the cleaning methods was conducted, and the standardized mean difference was assessed using the R software program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 804 potentially eligible studies, 36 were selected for full-text reading, of which 13 were included in qualitative analysis, and 11 of these were subsequently included in the quantitative analysis. A meta-analysis revealed a significant difference in the bond strength between the cleaning methods. Sandblasting with Al2O3 showed a higher bond strength than cleaning solution (Ivoclean, Ivoclar Vivadent) (p < 0.01, I2 = 65%), and both methods promoted higher resin-bond strength to zirconia than water cleaning. In addition, there was no significant difference in the bond strength between alcohol (p = 0.35, I2 = 79%), phosphoric acid (p < 0.23, I2 = 90%), and water cleaning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sandblasting with Al2O3 seems to be the best method for zirconia surface cleaning before adhesive luting, promoting better resin-bond strength to zirconia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83684840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To morphologically evaluate the interface between a conventional glass-ionomer cement (GIC) and dentin one day after placement, as well as the changes at the interface after one year of aging/functioning in monkey teeth.
Materials and methods: On the buccal surfaces of seven intact teeth in each of two monkeys, shallow class V cavities were prepared, which were then filled with Fuji IX GP (GC) to provide 1-year in vivo data. A year later, two more teeth in each monkey were similarly prepared and restored for the 1-day in vivo group. The following day, the restored teeth were extracted and the restoration interfaces observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, restorations were similarly placed in two extracted human teeth (control, 1-day in vitro group) and observed a day after placement using TEM.
Results: The 1-day in vivo and in vitro results showed that the GIC appeared to bond to dentin through a demineralized zone similar to the hybrid layer produced by resinous adhesives. However, the interface between GIC and dentin after 1 year in vivo appeared to change over time: many needle-like crystals were detected within the remineralized layer and along the collagen fibrils. Slow diffusion of ions resulted in pores, which filled with mineral crystals and made the pores smaller.
Conclusion: The interface between GIC and dentin morphologically changes over time, and recrystallization or remineralization at the interface may occur (1 year in vivo).
目的:从形态学角度评估传统玻璃-离子水门汀(GIC)与牙本质之间的界面,以及在猴牙老化/使用一年后界面的变化:在两只猴子的七颗完整牙齿的颊面各制备了一个 V 类浅窝洞,然后用富士 IX GP(GC)填充,以提供一年的体内数据。一年后,每只猴子的另外两颗牙齿也进行了类似的制备和修复,作为 1 天活体组。第二天,拔出修复后的牙齿,使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察修复界面。此外,还在两颗拔出的人类牙齿(对照组,体外 1 天组)上放置了类似的修复体,并在放置一天后使用透射电子显微镜进行了观察:为期 1 天的体内和体外试验结果表明,GIC 似乎是通过一个类似于树脂粘合剂产生的混合层的脱矿区与牙本质粘合的。然而,在体内使用 1 年后,GIC 与牙本质之间的界面似乎会随着时间的推移而发生变化:在再矿化层和胶原纤维上发现了许多针状晶体。离子的缓慢扩散产生了孔隙,孔隙中充满了矿物晶体,使孔隙变小:结论:随着时间的推移,GIC 和牙本质之间的界面形态会发生变化,界面上可能会出现再结晶或再矿化现象(活体 1 年)。
{"title":"Interfacial Characterization of a Conventional Glass-Ionomer Cement after Functioning for 1-year In Vivo.","authors":"Shuhei Hoshika, Kenichi Koshiro, Satoshi Inoue, Toru Tanaka, Hidehiko Sano, Sharanbir K Sidhu","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916453","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To morphologically evaluate the interface between a conventional glass-ionomer cement (GIC) and dentin one day after placement, as well as the changes at the interface after one year of aging/functioning in monkey teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>On the buccal surfaces of seven intact teeth in each of two monkeys, shallow class V cavities were prepared, which were then filled with Fuji IX GP (GC) to provide 1-year in vivo data. A year later, two more teeth in each monkey were similarly prepared and restored for the 1-day in vivo group. The following day, the restored teeth were extracted and the restoration interfaces observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, restorations were similarly placed in two extracted human teeth (control, 1-day in vitro group) and observed a day after placement using TEM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 1-day in vivo and in vitro results showed that the GIC appeared to bond to dentin through a demineralized zone similar to the hybrid layer produced by resinous adhesives. However, the interface between GIC and dentin after 1 year in vivo appeared to change over time: many needle-like crystals were detected within the remineralized layer and along the collagen fibrils. Slow diffusion of ions resulted in pores, which filled with mineral crystals and made the pores smaller.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interface between GIC and dentin morphologically changes over time, and recrystallization or remineralization at the interface may occur (1 year in vivo).</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87902012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Kreve, André Luís Botelho, Mariana Lima da Costa Valente, Luciano Bachmann, Marco Antônio Schiavon, Andréa C Dos Reis
Purpose: This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of incorporating the semiconductor nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (β-AgVO3) in a dual-cure resin cement on the degree of conversion (DC), microhardness, roughness, color, adhesion properties before and after artificial aging, and antimicrobial efficacy.
Material and methods: Three test groups were established: control (without β-AgVO3), with the incorporation of 2.5% and 5% (by weight) of β-AgVO3 in dual-cure resin cement (Allcem, FGM). The degree of conversion was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate roughness (n = 10), microhardness (n = 10), color (n = 10), and to perform agar disk diffusion (n = 8), disks of 6-mm diameter and 2-mm height were manufactured using the same concentrations. For the color and shear bond strength test (n = 6), orthodontic brackets (Morelli) were used, which were cemented to natural human enamel and evaluated before and after artificial aging via thermocycling at 5°C and 55°C for 1000 cycles. For color measurements, a portable spectrocolorimeter and the CIE-Lab method were used. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey's multiple comparisons with significance set at α = 0.05.
Results: Semiconductor incorporation did not influence the cements's DC. The incorporation of 2.5% and 5% of β-AgVO3 resulted in a significant increase in Knoop microhardness and surface roughness. Significant changes were observed in the color of the specimens when the semiconductor was incorporated. Adhesion after aging remained within the clinically recommended values in all groups, and antimicrobial activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis at both concentrations tested.
Conclusion: It is suggested to incorporate the semiconductor β-AgVO3 in the dual-cure resin cement at both concentrations. Moreover, the physical-mechanical properties remained satisfactory for the proposed application.
{"title":"Incorporation of a β-AgVO3 Semiconductor in Resin Cement: Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Efficacy.","authors":"Simone Kreve, André Luís Botelho, Mariana Lima da Costa Valente, Luciano Bachmann, Marco Antônio Schiavon, Andréa C Dos Reis","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916423","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b2916423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of incorporating the semiconductor nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (β-AgVO3) in a dual-cure resin cement on the degree of conversion (DC), microhardness, roughness, color, adhesion properties before and after artificial aging, and antimicrobial efficacy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Three test groups were established: control (without β-AgVO3), with the incorporation of 2.5% and 5% (by weight) of β-AgVO3 in dual-cure resin cement (Allcem, FGM). The degree of conversion was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate roughness (n = 10), microhardness (n = 10), color (n = 10), and to perform agar disk diffusion (n = 8), disks of 6-mm diameter and 2-mm height were manufactured using the same concentrations. For the color and shear bond strength test (n = 6), orthodontic brackets (Morelli) were used, which were cemented to natural human enamel and evaluated before and after artificial aging via thermocycling at 5°C and 55°C for 1000 cycles. For color measurements, a portable spectrocolorimeter and the CIE-Lab method were used. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey's multiple comparisons with significance set at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Semiconductor incorporation did not influence the cements's DC. The incorporation of 2.5% and 5% of β-AgVO3 resulted in a significant increase in Knoop microhardness and surface roughness. Significant changes were observed in the color of the specimens when the semiconductor was incorporated. Adhesion after aging remained within the clinically recommended values in all groups, and antimicrobial activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis at both concentrations tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is suggested to incorporate the semiconductor β-AgVO3 in the dual-cure resin cement at both concentrations. Moreover, the physical-mechanical properties remained satisfactory for the proposed application.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91269718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}