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“The RAS Dam Has Broken” “RAS大坝已经决堤”
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-nw2025-0108
ASP3082, a proteolysis targeting chimera that targets mutant KRASG12D, and elironrasib, a tri-complex inhibitor of KRASG12C in the “on” state, showed encouraging efficacy and safety in separate phase I trials.
ASP3082是一种靶向突变体KRASG12D的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体,elironrasib是KRASG12C的三络合物抑制剂,在单独的I期试验中显示出令人鼓舞的疗效和安全性。
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引用次数: 0
In Vivo CAR T Cells Deliver Deep Responses in Myeloma 体内CAR - T细胞在骨髓瘤中提供深度应答
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-nw2025-0112
Early clinical results show that inside-the-body T-cell engineering can trigger rapid chimeric antigen receptor expression and induce deep responses in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma—without the manufacturing required for conventional adoptive cell therapy. Larger studies are needed, however, to determine how off-the-shelf in vivo approaches compare with existing autologous therapies.
早期临床结果表明,体内t细胞工程可以触发复发性多发性骨髓瘤患者的快速嵌合抗原受体表达并诱导深度反应,而无需传统过继细胞治疗所需的制造。然而,需要更大规模的研究来确定现成的体内方法与现有的自体治疗方法的比较。
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引用次数: 0
Phase III Data Support Chemo-Free Approach to ALL III期数据支持无化疗治疗ALL
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-nw2025-0110
In the phase III GIMEMA ALL2820 trial, treatment with ponatinib and blinatumomab led to significantly better response rates and overall survival than a chemotherapy–imatinib regimen for patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The findings could change the standard of care for the disease.
在GIMEMA ALL2820 III期试验中,对于费城染色体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病患者,ponatinib和blinatumumab治疗的反应率和总生存率明显优于化疗-伊马替尼方案。这一发现可能会改变这种疾病的治疗标准。
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引用次数: 0
Tucatinib Gives PFS Boost for Metastatic Breast Cancer 图卡替尼提高转移性乳腺癌的PFS
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-nw2025-0111
The addition of the HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor tucatinib to trastuzumab and pertuzumab as first-line maintenance therapy significantly increased progression-free survival (PFS) compared to a placebo plus mAb treatment for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The findings position it alongside trastuzumab deruxtecan and palbociclib as agents that have demonstrated impressive PFS improvements in phase III studies.
HER2酪氨酸激酶抑制剂图卡替尼加入曲妥珠单抗和帕妥珠单抗作为一线维持治疗,与安慰剂加单抗治疗相比,显著提高了HER2阳性转移性乳腺癌患者的无进展生存期(PFS)。该研究结果使其与曲妥珠单抗德鲁西替康和帕博西尼一起成为在III期研究中表现出令人印象深刻的PFS改善的药物。
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引用次数: 0
Early Proinflammatory Niches Drive Lung Adenocarcinoma Initiation. 早期促炎小生境驱动肺腺癌的发生。
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-rw2025-108
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引用次数: 0
Residual Breast Cancer Cells Co-opt SOX5-driven Endochondral Ossification to Maintain Dormancy 残余乳腺癌细胞通过sox5驱动软骨内骨化来维持休眠
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0919
Amulya Sreekumar, Eric Blankemeyer, Christopher J. Sterner, Tien-Chi Pan, Dhruv K. Pant, Sarah Acolatse, Hamza Turkistani, George K. Belka, Anupma Nayak, Sean D. Carlin, Charles-Antoine Assenmacher, Mark A. Sellmyer, David A. Mankoff, Lewis A. Chodosh
Recurrent breast cancer accounts for most disease-associated mortality and can develop decades after primary tumor therapy. Recurrences arise from residual tumor cells (RTCs) that can evade therapy in a dormant state, however the mechanisms enforcing dormancy in RTCs are poorly understood. CRISPR-Cas9 screening identified the transcription factors SOX5/6 as functional regulators of tumor recurrence. Loss of SOX5 accelerated recurrence at both local and metastatic sites and promoted dormancy escape in both therapy-associated and microenvironment-induced contexts. Remarkably, SOX5 drove dormant RTCs to adopt a cartilage-dependent bone development program, termed endochondral ossification, that was confirmed by [18F]NaF-PET imaging and reversed in recurrent tumors escaping dormancy. Consistent with findings in mice, osteochondrogenic expression signatures in patients were enriched in residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy, and their enrichment in primary breast cancers predicted improved recurrence-free survival. These findings identify SOX5-dependent mesodermal transdifferentiation as an adaptive mechanism that prevents recurrence by reinforcing tumor cell dormancy.
复发性乳腺癌占大多数疾病相关死亡率,可在原发性肿瘤治疗后数十年发展。复发是由残余肿瘤细胞(rtc)引起的,这些细胞可以在休眠状态下逃避治疗,然而rtc中强制休眠的机制尚不清楚。CRISPR-Cas9筛选发现转录因子SOX5/6是肿瘤复发的功能调节因子。SOX5的缺失加速了局部和转移部位的复发,并促进了治疗相关和微环境诱导的休眠逃逸。值得注意的是,SOX5驱动休眠的rtc采用软骨依赖的骨发育程序,称为软骨内成骨,[18F] nafpet成像证实了这一点,并且在摆脱休眠的复发肿瘤中发生逆转。与小鼠研究结果一致,在新辅助治疗后,残留病变患者的骨软骨生成表达特征得到增强,而原发性乳腺癌患者的骨软骨生成表达特征的增强预示着无复发生存率的提高。这些发现确定了依赖sox5的中胚层转分化是一种适应性机制,通过加强肿瘤细胞休眠来防止复发。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Incidence Rates in the United States between 2001 and 2022 2001年至2022年美国儿童和青少年癌症发病率趋势
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-1493
Meredith S. Shiels, Anika T. Haque, Rena R. Jones, Cari M. Kitahara, John W. Glod, Brigitte C. Widemann, Lindsay M. Morton, Stephen J. Chanock, Sharon A. Savage
We estimated trends in age-standardized childhood and adolescent cancer rates between 2001-2022 using national data from the United States Cancer Statistics database. The incidence of cancer in 0-19-year-olds was 18.2 per 100,000 with rates increasing 0.94%/year between 2001-2016 and then decreasing 0.96%/year during 2016-2022. Lymphoma rates increased 0.49%/year during 2001-2022, while trajectories of other cancers varied over time. Leukemia rates increased by 1.03%/year during 2001-2010 and then plateaued. Rates of central nervous system tumors increased by 0.81%/year during 2001-2014 and then declined 2.10%/year during 2014-2022. Rates of other epithelial neoplasms were stable from 2001-2013, increased in 2013-2016, and were stable during 2016-2022. There were an estimated 1,040 additional childhood cancer diagnoses in 2022 compared with what would have been expected based on 2001 rates. Modifications in cancer classifications, screening practices, and diagnostic technology likely contributed to the observed changes, in addition to the potential contributions of putative risk factors.
我们使用美国癌症统计数据库中的国家数据估计了2001-2022年间年龄标准化儿童和青少年癌症发病率的趋势。0-19岁人群的癌症发病率为18.2 / 10万,在2001-2016年期间,发病率每年上升0.94%,在2016-2022年期间,发病率每年下降0.96%。2001年至2022年期间,淋巴瘤发病率每年增加0.49%,而其他癌症的发展轨迹则随时间而变化。2001-2010年间,白血病发病率以每年1.03%的速度增长,随后趋于平稳。2001-2014年中枢神经系统肿瘤发生率上升0.81%/年,2014-2022年下降2.10%/年。其他上皮肿瘤的发病率在2001-2013年保持稳定,在2013-2016年有所上升,在2016-2022年保持稳定。与2001年的比率相比,2022年估计有1040例额外的儿童癌症诊断。除了潜在的风险因素外,癌症分类、筛查实践和诊断技术的变化可能也导致了观察到的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Ontogeny Dictates Oncogenic Potential, Lineage Hierarchy, and Therapy Response in Pediatric Leukemia. 个体发育决定了儿童白血病的致癌潜力、谱系等级和治疗反应。
IF 33.3 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-25-0556
Ke Wang, Shayan Saniei, Nikita Poddar, Isabella G Martinez, Clifford Chao, Subrina Autar, Persephone Fiore, Saul Carcamo, Meghana Sreenath, Jack H Peplinski, Rhonda E Ries, Anna Huo-Chang Mei, Noshin Azra Rahman, Levan Mekerishvili, Miguel Quijada-Álamo, Grace Freed, Mimi Zhang, Katherine Lachman, Zayna Diaz, Manuel M Gonzalez, Jing Zhang, Giang Pham, Dan Filipescu, Mirela Berisa, Tommaso Balestra, Noelle Wheeler, Julie A Reisz, Angelo D'Alessandro, Daniel J Puleston, Emily Bernstein, Jerry E Chipuk, Mark Wunderlich, Sarah K Tasian, Bridget K Marcellino, Ian A Glass, Christopher M Sturgeon, Dan A Landau, Zhihong Chen, Eirini P Papapetrou, Franco Izzo, Soheil Meshinchi, Dan Hasson, Elvin Wagenblast

Accumulating evidence links pediatric cancers to prenatal transformation events, yet the influence of the developmental stage on oncogenesis remains elusive. We investigated how hematopoietic stem cell developmental stages affect leukemic transformation, disease progression, and therapy response using a novel, humanized model of NUP98::NSD1-driven pediatric acute myeloid leukemia that is particularly aggressive with WT1 comutations. Fetal-derived hematopoietic stem cells readily transform into leukemia, and WT1 mutations further enhance stemness and alter lineage hierarchy. In contrast, stem cells from later developmental stages become progressively resistant to transformation. Single-cell analyses revealed that fetal-origin leukemia stem cells exhibit greater quiescence and reliance on oxidative phosphorylation than their postnatal counterparts. These differences drive distinct therapeutic responses despite identical oncogenic mutations. In patients, onco-fetal transcriptional programs correlate with worse outcomes. By targeting key vulnerabilities of fetal-origin leukemia cells, we identified combination therapies that significantly reduce aggressiveness, highlighting the critical role of ontogeny in pediatric cancer treatment.

Significance: This study signifies the critical consequences of developmental timing in cancer initiation, revealing that identical driver mutations in fetal- versus postnatal-origin leukemias exhibit fundamentally distinct biology and treatment responses. Recognizing these developmental differences opens avenues for personalized therapeutic strategies, improving outcomes for pediatric patients with aggressive disease subtypes in leukemia.

越来越多的证据将儿童癌症与产前转化事件联系起来,但发育阶段对肿瘤发生的影响仍然难以捉摸。我们研究了造血干细胞发育阶段如何影响白血病转化、疾病进展和治疗反应,使用了一种新的、人源化的NUP98:: nsd1驱动的小儿急性髓系白血病模型,该模型特别具有WT1计算的侵袭性。胎儿来源的造血干细胞很容易转化为白血病,WT1突变进一步增强了干细胞性并改变了谱系等级。相反,发育后期的干细胞逐渐对转化产生抗性。单细胞分析显示,与出生后的白血病干细胞相比,胎儿起源的白血病干细胞表现出更大的静止性和对氧化磷酸化的依赖性。尽管相同的致癌突变,这些差异驱动不同的治疗反应。在患者中,同胎转录程序与较差的结果相关。通过针对胎儿起源白血病细胞的关键脆弱性,我们确定了可显著降低侵袭性的联合疗法,强调了个体发生在儿科癌症治疗中的关键作用。意义:这项研究表明了发育时间在癌症发生中的重要影响,揭示了胎儿起源与出生后起源白血病中相同的驱动突变表现出根本不同的生物学和治疗反应。认识到这些发育差异为个性化治疗策略开辟了道路,改善了白血病侵袭性疾病亚型儿童患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
A High-Fiber Plant-Based Diet in Myeloma Precursor Disorders - Results from the NUTRIVENTION Clinical Trial and Preclinical Vk*MYC Model. 高纤维植物性饮食治疗骨髓瘤前驱疾病——来自NUTRIVENTION临床试验和临床前Vk*MYC模型的结果
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-1101
Urvi A Shah,Laura Lucia Cogrossi,Juan-Jose Garces,Anna Policastro,Francesca Castro,Andriy Derkach,Teng Fei,Susan DeWolf,Matteo Grioni,Sofia Sisti,Jenna Blaslov,Peter A Adintori,Kinga K Hosszu,Devin McAvoy,Mirae Baichoo,Justin R Cross,Jenny Paredes,Aishwarya Anuraj,Sandeep S Raj,Charlotte Pohl,Paola Zordan,Victoria Zinsmeyer,Ruben J Jesus Faustino Ramos,Marco Lorenzoni,Brianna Gipson,Kylee H Maclachlan,Ana Gradissimo,Leonardo Boiocchi,Nathan Aleynick,Camilla Marchigiani,Sara Pagani,Erica Salehi,Richard P Koche,Ronan Chaligne,Torin Block,Neha Korde,Carlyn R Tan,Malin Hultcrantz,Hani Hassoun,Gunjan L Shah,Michael Scordo,Oscar B Lahoud,David J Chung,Heather J Landau,Jonathan U Peled,Nicola Clementi,Marta Chesi,P Leif Bergsagel,Sham Mailankody,Michael N Pollak,Anita D'Souza,Ola Landgren,Susan Chimonas,Sergio A Giralt,Saad Z Usmani,Neil M Iyengar,Alexander M Lesokhin,Marcel R M van den Brink,Matteo Bellone
Consumption of a western diet and high body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for progression from pre-malignant phenotypes to multiple myeloma, a hematologic cancer. In the NUTRIVENTION trial (NCT04920084), we administered a high-fiber, plant-based diet (meals for 12 weeks, coaching for 24 weeks) to 23 participants with myeloma precursor states and elevated BMI. The intervention was feasible, improved quality of life and modifiable risk factors: metabolic (BMI, insulin resistance), microbiome (diversity, composition), and immune (inflammation, monocyte subsets). Disease-progression trajectory improved (n=2) or was stable. Findings were translated to Vk*MYC mice modeling the myeloma-precursor state, in which a high-fiber diet delayed disease progression through improved metabolism and microbiome composition leading to increased short-chain fatty acid production that reinvigorated anti-tumor immunity and inhibited tumor growth. These effects from fiber consumption were independent of calorie restriction and weight loss. A high-fiber diet is a low-risk intervention that may delay progression to myeloma.
西方饮食和高身体质量指数(BMI)是恶性前表型发展为多发性骨髓瘤(一种血液学癌症)的危险因素。在NUTRIVENTION试验(NCT04920084)中,我们给23名骨髓瘤前体状态和BMI升高的参与者提供高纤维植物性饮食(12周膳食,24周辅导)。干预是可行的,改善了生活质量和可改变的危险因素:代谢(BMI,胰岛素抵抗),微生物组(多样性,组成)和免疫(炎症,单核细胞亚群)。疾病进展轨迹改善(n=2)或稳定。研究结果被转化为模拟骨髓瘤前体状态的Vk*MYC小鼠,其中高纤维饮食通过改善代谢和微生物组组成来延迟疾病进展,从而增加短链脂肪酸的产生,从而重新激活抗肿瘤免疫并抑制肿瘤生长。纤维摄入的这些影响与卡路里限制和减肥无关。高纤维饮食是一种可能延缓骨髓瘤进展的低风险干预。
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引用次数: 0
Precision Oncology: 2025 in Review 精准肿瘤学:2025回顾
IF 28.2 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-1784
Nicholas Mai, Nicole Fernandez, Alexander Drilon, Debyani Chakravarty
Summary: This article discusses the specific advances made in precision oncology in 2025, in which we saw the approval of multiple new indications for known precision oncology agents and early promising data for novel agents that target either classical pathways or previously so-called undruggable targets. Additionally, we observed the continued development of antibody–drug conjugates and proteolysis-targeting chimeras, the advent of multiple blood-based methodologies for the early detection of cancer, the identification of nontraditional precision oncology biomarkers, and the growing presence of artificial intelligence technologies to generate precision oncology insights.
摘要:本文讨论了2025年精准肿瘤学的具体进展,其中我们看到了已知精准肿瘤学药物的多个新适应症的批准,以及针对经典途径或先前所谓不可药物靶点的新药物的早期有希望的数据。此外,我们还观察到抗体-药物偶联物和蛋白水解靶向嵌合体的持续发展,多种基于血液的癌症早期检测方法的出现,非传统精确肿瘤生物标志物的鉴定,以及人工智能技术的不断发展,以产生精确的肿瘤学见解。
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引用次数: 0
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Cancer discovery
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