Flores-Luna María Guadalupe, López-Ávila Beatriz Elizabeth, Liceaga-Escalera Carlos, Trejo-Iriarte Cynthia Georgina, Mario A. Rodríguez, Gómez-Clavel José Francisco, Hernández-López Hegel Rafael, García-Muñoz Alejandro
Objetives: To describe and compare the protein profiles of tissue, serum and saliva from a patient who presented a typical case of oral lichen planus and from healthy controls. Methods: We first analyzed the histological characteristics of a patient’s tissue sample with a typical case of oral lichen planus. Protein profiles obtained from oral mucosa tissue, serum and saliva were analyzed using two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and further compared with similar samples obtained from healthy controls. Results: (2-D) protein profiles consisted of a total of 228 spots in the pathological tissue, 206 spots in the pathological saliva and 216 spots in pathological serum. We observed several differentially expressed proteins in the sample of the oral lichen planus in comparison to normal samples. Among these proteins, the precursor of fibrinogen and the salivary amylase were identified by mass spectrometry. Conclusions: We detected several differential expressed proteins in oral lichen planus in comparison to healthy samples. Although this work shows experiments of a patient versus samples of saliva and serum from their healthy controls, it could represent the future to find biomarkers in this setting and possibly any diseases. Finally, In the future will be necessary to make more experiments and identify other differentially expressed proteins in order to detect biomarkers of this disease.
{"title":"Analysis of proteinic profile in oral lichen planus","authors":"Flores-Luna María Guadalupe, López-Ávila Beatriz Elizabeth, Liceaga-Escalera Carlos, Trejo-Iriarte Cynthia Georgina, Mario A. Rodríguez, Gómez-Clavel José Francisco, Hernández-López Hegel Rafael, García-Muñoz Alejandro","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000318","url":null,"abstract":"Objetives: To describe and compare the protein profiles of tissue, serum and saliva from a patient who presented a typical case of oral lichen planus and from healthy controls. Methods: We first analyzed the histological characteristics of a patient’s tissue sample with a typical case of oral lichen planus. Protein profiles obtained from oral mucosa tissue, serum and saliva were analyzed using two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and further compared with similar samples obtained from healthy controls. Results: (2-D) protein profiles consisted of a total of 228 spots in the pathological tissue, 206 spots in the pathological saliva and 216 spots in pathological serum. We observed several differentially expressed proteins in the sample of the oral lichen planus in comparison to normal samples. Among these proteins, the precursor of fibrinogen and the salivary amylase were identified by mass spectrometry. Conclusions: We detected several differential expressed proteins in oral lichen planus in comparison to healthy samples. Although this work shows experiments of a patient versus samples of saliva and serum from their healthy controls, it could represent the future to find biomarkers in this setting and possibly any diseases. Finally, In the future will be necessary to make more experiments and identify other differentially expressed proteins in order to detect biomarkers of this disease.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85927308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Lock, C. Sponholz, S. Hoppe, S. Döcke, A. Rieger, A. Birkenfeld, Pfeiffer Afh, M. Stockmann, C. vonLoeffelholz
{"title":"Visfatin/NAMPT is unrelated to nonalcoholic fatty liver histology but correlates with liver recovery after partial liver resection: Data from a pilot study","authors":"J. Lock, C. Sponholz, S. Hoppe, S. Döcke, A. Rieger, A. Birkenfeld, Pfeiffer Afh, M. Stockmann, C. vonLoeffelholz","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90696058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sekiguchi, Masaaki Sato, Michiyo K. Yokoyama, Toshiyuki Sato, A. Tsutiya, K. Omoteyama, M. Arito, N. Suematsu, Tomohiro Kato, M. Kurokawa
Objective: Memantine, a low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is one of the primary pharmacological therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. To explore novel actions of memantine, we analyzed effects of memantine on cell viability, cell growth, and protein profile of neuroblastoma cells. Methods: A human neuroblastoma cell line of GIMEN was used. GIMEN cells were cultured in the presence or absence of 1-100 μM memantine for 48 hours. Effects of memantine on the cell viability and growth were evaluated by counting cell numbers. Proteins, extracted from GIMEN cells treated or non-treated with 10 μM memantine, were separated by 2 dimensional-differential image gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Protein spots of interest were subjected to protein identification by mass spectrometry. Results: The viability of GIMEN cells was 99.0% or more in the range of 1-10 μM memantine compared to that in the absence of memantine. The viability was slightly decreased in the presence of 100 μM memantine (97.5%, p<0.01). In contrast, the cell growth was suppressed by memantine in a dose-dependent manner (2100 μM, 85.5-63.0%; 2-10 μM, p<0.05; 20-100 μM, p<0.01). For the protein profile analysis, we used GIMEN cells treated with 10 μM memantine which showed the viability of 99.4% and the growth of 76.1%. As a result, 892 protein spots were detected in the 2D-DIGE results of 10 μM memantine-treated and non-treated GIMEN cells. 13 protein spots showed 1.2-fold or higher intensity and 19 protein spots showed -1.2 (1/1.2)-fold or lower intensity in the memantine-treated cells than in the non-treated cells (p<0.05). We identified proteins in 7 out of the 32 spots: coronin-1C (1.44-fold increased), β-actin (-1.21-fold decreased), γ-enolase (-1.21-fold decreased), glutathione synthetase (-1.28-fold decreased), spermatogenesis-associated protein 24 (-1.46-fold decreased), and V-set transmembrane domain-containing protein 2B (-1.46-fold decreased). Interestingly, β-actin, γ-enolase, and glutathione synthetase are known to be involved in cell proliferation. Conclusion: Memantine suppressed the growth of GIMEN cells and affected their protein profiles. Our data suggested a novel action of memantine to suppress the neuroblastoma cell growth, which may be associated with the decreased expression of β-actin, γ-enolase, and glutathione synthetase.
{"title":"Effects of memantine on the growth and protein profiles of neuroblastoma cells","authors":"K. Sekiguchi, Masaaki Sato, Michiyo K. Yokoyama, Toshiyuki Sato, A. Tsutiya, K. Omoteyama, M. Arito, N. Suematsu, Tomohiro Kato, M. Kurokawa","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000317","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Memantine, a low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, is one of the primary pharmacological therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. To explore novel actions of memantine, we analyzed effects of memantine on cell viability, cell growth, and protein profile of neuroblastoma cells. Methods: A human neuroblastoma cell line of GIMEN was used. GIMEN cells were cultured in the presence or absence of 1-100 μM memantine for 48 hours. Effects of memantine on the cell viability and growth were evaluated by counting cell numbers. Proteins, extracted from GIMEN cells treated or non-treated with 10 μM memantine, were separated by 2 dimensional-differential image gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Protein spots of interest were subjected to protein identification by mass spectrometry. Results: The viability of GIMEN cells was 99.0% or more in the range of 1-10 μM memantine compared to that in the absence of memantine. The viability was slightly decreased in the presence of 100 μM memantine (97.5%, p<0.01). In contrast, the cell growth was suppressed by memantine in a dose-dependent manner (2100 μM, 85.5-63.0%; 2-10 μM, p<0.05; 20-100 μM, p<0.01). For the protein profile analysis, we used GIMEN cells treated with 10 μM memantine which showed the viability of 99.4% and the growth of 76.1%. As a result, 892 protein spots were detected in the 2D-DIGE results of 10 μM memantine-treated and non-treated GIMEN cells. 13 protein spots showed 1.2-fold or higher intensity and 19 protein spots showed -1.2 (1/1.2)-fold or lower intensity in the memantine-treated cells than in the non-treated cells (p<0.05). We identified proteins in 7 out of the 32 spots: coronin-1C (1.44-fold increased), β-actin (-1.21-fold decreased), γ-enolase (-1.21-fold decreased), glutathione synthetase (-1.28-fold decreased), spermatogenesis-associated protein 24 (-1.46-fold decreased), and V-set transmembrane domain-containing protein 2B (-1.46-fold decreased). Interestingly, β-actin, γ-enolase, and glutathione synthetase are known to be involved in cell proliferation. Conclusion: Memantine suppressed the growth of GIMEN cells and affected their protein profiles. Our data suggested a novel action of memantine to suppress the neuroblastoma cell growth, which may be associated with the decreased expression of β-actin, γ-enolase, and glutathione synthetase.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89361639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Lasierra-Cirujeda, P. Coronel, A. Mj, M. Gimeno, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo Mm, A. Lasierra-Ibañez, C. Lasala-Aza
Decades ago Hans Hugo Bruno Selye expressed the concept of stress as a pathophysiological syndrome generated by various endogenous / exogenous harmful agents and named it as the "General Adaptation Syndrome". This concept implicitly involves a complex process of damage and specific or non-specific defence of the organism that accompanies us throughout life, especially in the aging process and the diseases associated, whose symptoms are independent of the nature of the harmful agent, representing a response to the damage as such [1-3].
早在几十年前，Hans Hugo Bruno Selye就将应激的概念表达为一种由各种内源性/外源性有害因子产生的病理生理综合征，并将其命名为“一般适应综合征”。这一概念隐含地涉及到伴随我们一生的生物体的损伤和特异性或非特异性防御的复杂过程，特别是在衰老过程和相关疾病中，其症状与有害物质的性质无关，代表了对损伤的反应[1-3]。
{"title":"Stress/inflammation and pai-1 as stellar processes in the aging and associated pathologies","authors":"J. Lasierra-Cirujeda, P. Coronel, A. Mj, M. Gimeno, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo Mm, A. Lasierra-Ibañez, C. Lasala-Aza","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000322","url":null,"abstract":"Decades ago Hans Hugo Bruno Selye expressed the concept of stress as a pathophysiological syndrome generated by various endogenous / exogenous harmful agents and named it as the \"General Adaptation Syndrome\". This concept implicitly involves a complex process of damage and specific or non-specific defence of the organism that accompanies us throughout life, especially in the aging process and the diseases associated, whose symptoms are independent of the nature of the harmful agent, representing a response to the damage as such [1-3].","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81964299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. J. Bueno, R. Santander, Alvaro Alvarez, J. J. Rey, J. Trojan.
For the past 40 years, our challenge has been finding a solution for the treatment of brain tumors using our knowledge of the evolution of life, the chemistry of proteins, genetics, and molecular biology. Efficient strategies were established by the construction of vectors targeting oncoproteins or growth factors (i.e. IGF-I, AFP) present during the development of the embryonic and fetal nervous system tissues originating from neural stem cells. The neoplastic stem cells, PCC3 and PCC4, derived from mouse teratocarcinoma – tumor mimicking the structures of developing central nervous system were transfected with the vectors expressing either antisense IGF-I RNA or IGF-I RNA forming a triple helix RNA-DNA. Both approaches completely stopped the synthesis of the IGF-I growth factor and converted the stem cells into immunogenic cells expressing MHC-I and B7. The immunogenic anti IGF-I transfected cells became antitumor vaccines. The role played by stem cells in the nervous system has motivated us in the search for knowledge focused on self-regeneration and therapeutic strategies. The strategy of Anti IGF-I vaccines was applied with success for therapy of glioblastoma.
{"title":"Brain stem cells and IGF-I: implications in development, regeneration and cancer therapeutics","authors":"S. J. Bueno, R. Santander, Alvaro Alvarez, J. J. Rey, J. Trojan.","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000319","url":null,"abstract":"For the past 40 years, our challenge has been finding a solution for the treatment of brain tumors using our knowledge of the evolution of life, the chemistry of proteins, genetics, and molecular biology. Efficient strategies were established by the construction of vectors targeting oncoproteins or growth factors (i.e. IGF-I, AFP) present during the development of the embryonic and fetal nervous system tissues originating from neural stem cells. The neoplastic stem cells, PCC3 and PCC4, derived from mouse teratocarcinoma – tumor mimicking the structures of developing central nervous system were transfected with the vectors expressing either antisense IGF-I RNA or IGF-I RNA forming a triple helix RNA-DNA. Both approaches completely stopped the synthesis of the IGF-I growth factor and converted the stem cells into immunogenic cells expressing MHC-I and B7. The immunogenic anti IGF-I transfected cells became antitumor vaccines. The role played by stem cells in the nervous system has motivated us in the search for knowledge focused on self-regeneration and therapeutic strategies. The strategy of Anti IGF-I vaccines was applied with success for therapy of glioblastoma.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"352 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76597541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultraviolet lamps are widely used in phototherapy, and the positive effect of ultraviolet radiation is mainly associated with the synthesis of vitamin D in human skin. Nevertheless, to avoid harmful effects the biological efficacy of UV lamps is still evaluated based on the erythema action spectrum using UV detectors with an output in erythema units. Evaluation of vitamin D synthesis on this basis is inadequate because of the difference between the erythema and the Vitamin D synthesis action spectra. Hence, direct measurement of the vitamin-D-synthetic activity is a missing link in the metrology of UV lamps that are used for medical and/or cosmetic purposes. This paper presents original methods based on the same photoreaction in vitro by which vitamin D is synthesized in human skin via photoand thermoinduced conversions of 7-Dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3). The UV photons are absorbed by provitamin D molecules in solution or embedded in specially designed UV transparent and stable matrix mimicking biological samples. Three operation modes of varying complexity have been developed to follow the photoreaction course in real time, and the results are presented of measuring the vitamin D synthesizing activity of several UV lamps, as well as the first performed comparative studies on direct measurements of the vitamin D level in blood and in solution. Introduction The discovery of UV radiation in the 19th century, its properties and the connection with physiological and pathological changes in humans led to the conclusion that UV radiation has both beneficial and harmful effects, depending on the type of organism, wavelength region and the radiation dose. The varied effects derive, in part, from the differences among UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (100-280 nm) photons energy and also due to the different structures that are capable of absorbing UV photons in living organisms. UV photons are absorbed by UV sensitive molecules in skin and initiate a variety of photochemical reactions resulting in structural changes that could lead to positive or negative biologic effects depending on the accepted UV dose. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is one of the most important target molecules for photobiological effects. A large number of different types of UV induced photoreactions are produced in DNA molecule that can result in mutations and even cell lethality. Formation of cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers in DNA contributes to the mechanism of erythema and sunburn formation [1]. Fortunately, a cell has an enormous capacity to repair all types of damage to its DNA. Another chromophore in the epidermis is 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC, provitamin D3), and the UVB photons penetrating into human skin are responsible for its conversion into the active form of vitamin D3, necessary for the normal calcium absorption and metabolism in the body. In recent years interest in Vitamin D has increased greatly in view of new data about its important role in reducing th
紫外线灯在光疗中被广泛使用，紫外线辐射的积极作用主要与人体皮肤中维生素D的合成有关。然而，为了避免有害影响，紫外线灯的生物功效仍然是基于红斑作用谱来评估的，使用以红斑单位为输出单位的紫外线探测器。在此基础上评价维生素D的合成是不充分的，因为红斑和维生素D合成作用谱之间存在差异。因此，维生素d合成活性的直接测量是用于医疗和/或化妆品用途的紫外线灯计量中缺失的一环。本文提出了基于相同的体外光反应的原始方法，通过光和热诱导的7-脱氢胆固醇(维生素D3原)在人体皮肤中合成维生素D。紫外线光子被溶液中的维生素D原分子吸收或嵌入特别设计的紫外线透明和稳定的模拟生物样品基质中。开发了三种不同复杂程度的操作模式来实时跟踪光反应过程，并给出了几种紫外线灯测量维生素D合成活性的结果，以及首次对血液和溶液中维生素D水平的直接测量进行了比较研究。19世纪紫外线辐射的发现、它的特性以及与人体生理和病理变化的联系使人们得出结论:紫外线辐射既有有益的影响，也有有害的影响，这取决于生物体的类型、波长区域和辐射剂量。不同的效果部分源于UV- a(320-400纳米)、UV- b(280-320纳米)和UV- c(100-280纳米)光子能量的差异，也源于生物体内吸收UV光子的不同结构。紫外线光子被皮肤中的紫外线敏感分子吸收并引发各种光化学反应，导致结构变化，这些变化可能导致积极或消极的生物效应，这取决于接受的紫外线剂量。脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)是光生物效应最重要的靶分子之一。大量不同类型的紫外线诱导的光反应在DNA分子中产生，可能导致突变甚至细胞死亡。DNA中环丁基嘧啶二聚体的形成参与了红斑和晒伤形成的机制[1]。幸运的是，细胞有巨大的能力来修复对其DNA的所有类型的损伤。表皮中的另一种发色团是7-脱氢胆固醇(7DHC，维生素D3原)，穿透人体皮肤的UVB光子负责将其转化为活性形式的维生素D3，这是人体正常钙吸收和代谢所必需的。近年来，鉴于维生素D在降低癌症、多发性硬化症和1型糖尿病风险中的重要作用的新数据，人们对维生素D的兴趣大大增加[2]。维生素D活性代谢物1,25(OH)2D3被认为是调节细胞生长和调节免疫系统的关键激素[3]。鉴于维生素D在维持健康方面的重要作用，以及考虑到已观察到的世界人口普遍缺乏维生素D的情况，测量用于医疗和/或化妆品用途的紫外线灯的维生素D合成能力尤为重要[2]。本文将在体外维生素D合成模型的基础上，利用原始方法计算和测量紫外线光源的维生素D有效辐照度。作用谱和生物有效辐照度紫外线辐射的每一种特定生物效应都有其自身的作用谱(AS)，作用谱定义为不同波长、相同剂量的单色辐射引发的生物效应值的光谱依赖关系。UV光源的生物有效辐照度Eeff可以通过适当的作用谱加权其光谱辐照度，并在作用谱不为零的波长区间内积分来计算[4]。这里用光谱辐射计测量的紫外灯的光谱辐照度[Wm-2nm-1]，作用光谱[相对单位]，λ波长[nm]。CIE红斑作用谱被广泛用于估算太阳光和人工紫外线源的红斑活性辐照度[5]。通信对象:Irina P Terenetskaya，物理数学博士。科学，教授，首席科学家，乌克兰国家科学院物理研究所光量子电子系，E-mail: teren@iop.kiev.ua
{"title":"How to measure the Vitamin-D-synthetic activity of UV lamps used in phototherapy?","authors":"I. Terenetskaya","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000327","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet lamps are widely used in phototherapy, and the positive effect of ultraviolet radiation is mainly associated with the synthesis of vitamin D in human skin. Nevertheless, to avoid harmful effects the biological efficacy of UV lamps is still evaluated based on the erythema action spectrum using UV detectors with an output in erythema units. Evaluation of vitamin D synthesis on this basis is inadequate because of the difference between the erythema and the Vitamin D synthesis action spectra. Hence, direct measurement of the vitamin-D-synthetic activity is a missing link in the metrology of UV lamps that are used for medical and/or cosmetic purposes. This paper presents original methods based on the same photoreaction in vitro by which vitamin D is synthesized in human skin via photoand thermoinduced conversions of 7-Dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3). The UV photons are absorbed by provitamin D molecules in solution or embedded in specially designed UV transparent and stable matrix mimicking biological samples. Three operation modes of varying complexity have been developed to follow the photoreaction course in real time, and the results are presented of measuring the vitamin D synthesizing activity of several UV lamps, as well as the first performed comparative studies on direct measurements of the vitamin D level in blood and in solution. Introduction The discovery of UV radiation in the 19th century, its properties and the connection with physiological and pathological changes in humans led to the conclusion that UV radiation has both beneficial and harmful effects, depending on the type of organism, wavelength region and the radiation dose. The varied effects derive, in part, from the differences among UV-A (320-400 nm), UV-B (280-320 nm) and UV-C (100-280 nm) photons energy and also due to the different structures that are capable of absorbing UV photons in living organisms. UV photons are absorbed by UV sensitive molecules in skin and initiate a variety of photochemical reactions resulting in structural changes that could lead to positive or negative biologic effects depending on the accepted UV dose. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is one of the most important target molecules for photobiological effects. A large number of different types of UV induced photoreactions are produced in DNA molecule that can result in mutations and even cell lethality. Formation of cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers in DNA contributes to the mechanism of erythema and sunburn formation [1]. Fortunately, a cell has an enormous capacity to repair all types of damage to its DNA. Another chromophore in the epidermis is 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC, provitamin D3), and the UVB photons penetrating into human skin are responsible for its conversion into the active form of vitamin D3, necessary for the normal calcium absorption and metabolism in the body. In recent years interest in Vitamin D has increased greatly in view of new data about its important role in reducing th","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79186570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Sosnowska, Kaiwen Ma, Lindsey M. Glenn, Y. Imai, J. Nadler, D. Fishwick
{"title":"Evaluation of a human placenta-derived hydrogel to support glucose sensitive insulin secretion in human donor islets","authors":"D. Sosnowska, Kaiwen Ma, Lindsey M. Glenn, Y. Imai, J. Nadler, D. Fishwick","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78969269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The origin of life on earth demands a prerequisite for abiogenic evolution of RNA which is believed to be highly destructive on the earth covered by boiling ocean. I have proposed a mechanism of evolution of RNA as a left-handed single-stranded helical lattice with a trend of condensation and dehydration of organic compounds under a condition of high pressure and high temperature in the mantle of the earth. All organic compounds and energy-rich polyphosphates were synthesized from a large amount of methane hydrate, inorganic phosphate and oxygen radicals that were produced from ferrous oxides by disintegration of uranium. The six-fold symmetrical structure of the lattice allowed to stack a lot of energy-rich compounds such as adenosine triphosphate and phosphor-lipids which were required for formation of cell membrane at the later stage. More importantly, the cavity formed inside the lattice allowed polymerization of small L-amino acids such as glycine, alanine, proline and serine that were required to protect RNAs from hydrolysis. The 6.5-fold symmetrical lattice allowed a little more larger L-amino acids to incorporate the protective proteins and formation of α–helices, but insertion of larger amino acids such as arginine and methionine were rather difficult. However, in the next stage of evolution of the lattice formation of left-handed single-stranded RNA, an 8 fold symmetrical lattice seems to incorporate arginines and the other larger amino acids, and also a dimeric relationship between the two neighbor strands suggests a possibility of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to evolve because some of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were formed to be in dimeric form.
{"title":"Abiogenic evolution of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase","authors":"K. Nagano","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000328","url":null,"abstract":"The origin of life on earth demands a prerequisite for abiogenic evolution of RNA which is believed to be highly destructive on the earth covered by boiling ocean. I have proposed a mechanism of evolution of RNA as a left-handed single-stranded helical lattice with a trend of condensation and dehydration of organic compounds under a condition of high pressure and high temperature in the mantle of the earth. All organic compounds and energy-rich polyphosphates were synthesized from a large amount of methane hydrate, inorganic phosphate and oxygen radicals that were produced from ferrous oxides by disintegration of uranium. The six-fold symmetrical structure of the lattice allowed to stack a lot of energy-rich compounds such as adenosine triphosphate and phosphor-lipids which were required for formation of cell membrane at the later stage. More importantly, the cavity formed inside the lattice allowed polymerization of small L-amino acids such as glycine, alanine, proline and serine that were required to protect RNAs from hydrolysis. The 6.5-fold symmetrical lattice allowed a little more larger L-amino acids to incorporate the protective proteins and formation of α–helices, but insertion of larger amino acids such as arginine and methionine were rather difficult. However, in the next stage of evolution of the lattice formation of left-handed single-stranded RNA, an 8 fold symmetrical lattice seems to incorporate arginines and the other larger amino acids, and also a dimeric relationship between the two neighbor strands suggests a possibility of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to evolve because some of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were formed to be in dimeric form.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"1931 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91112775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, we have experimentally and comparatively investigated and compared malignant human cancer cells and tissues before and after irradiating of synchrotron radiation using Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (SAXS), Ultra–Small Angle X–Ray Scattering (USAXS), Fluctuation X–Ray Scattering (FXS), Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (WAXS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GISAXS), Grazing–Incidence Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GIWAXS), Small– Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle Neutron Scattering (GISANS), X–Ray Diffraction (XRD), Powder X– Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Wide–Angle X–Ray Diffraction (WAXD), Grazing– Incidence X–Ray Diffraction (GIXD) and Energy–Dispersive X–Ray Diffraction (EDXRD). It is clear that malignant human cancer cells and tissues have gradually transformed to benign human cancer cells and tissues under synchrotron radiation with the passage of time (Figures 1-13) [1-198]. It is clear that malignant human cancer cells and tissues have gradually transformed to benign human cancer cells and tissues under synchrotron radiation with the passage of time (Figures 1-13) [1-198]. It should be noted that malignant human cancer cells and tissues were exposed under white synchrotron radiation for 30
{"title":"Human malignant and benign human cancer cells and tissues biospectroscopic analysis under synchrotron radiation using anti-cancer nano drugs delivery","authors":"A. Heidari","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000342","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, we have experimentally and comparatively investigated and compared malignant human cancer cells and tissues before and after irradiating of synchrotron radiation using Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (SAXS), Ultra–Small Angle X–Ray Scattering (USAXS), Fluctuation X–Ray Scattering (FXS), Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (WAXS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GISAXS), Grazing–Incidence Wide–Angle X–Ray Scattering (GIWAXS), Small– Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), Grazing–Incidence Small–Angle Neutron Scattering (GISANS), X–Ray Diffraction (XRD), Powder X– Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Wide–Angle X–Ray Diffraction (WAXD), Grazing– Incidence X–Ray Diffraction (GIXD) and Energy–Dispersive X–Ray Diffraction (EDXRD). It is clear that malignant human cancer cells and tissues have gradually transformed to benign human cancer cells and tissues under synchrotron radiation with the passage of time (Figures 1-13) [1-198]. It is clear that malignant human cancer cells and tissues have gradually transformed to benign human cancer cells and tissues under synchrotron radiation with the passage of time (Figures 1-13) [1-198]. It should be noted that malignant human cancer cells and tissues were exposed under white synchrotron radiation for 30","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90466336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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