Cultivation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is necessary for experimental demand or clinical application. The culture of human stem cells shares many of the same standards as mammalian somatic cell culture. Since the cells in culture are exposed to a different environment from the environment of the living body, the cells per se tend to adapt and adapt to the culture conditions. Particularly, they can be easily affected by external pathogen or culture environment because hPSCs are dynamic cells with pluripotency and regeneration ability [1]. In addition, the method of maintaining undifferentiated state during longterm culture without loss of regeneration ability or pluripotency may affect the characteristics of cells resulting in changes of the authenticity, and instability of hPSCs. Qualitative assessments during the culture of hPSCs include purity, viability, morphological appearance, confluency (the percentage of the surface of a culture dish that is covered by adherent cells), functionality, contamination and cross-contamination, authenticity, differentiation state, and identification of genetic stability [1]. Among them, the key elements of cultivation of hPSCs would be authenticity, sterility, and stability of cell lines [1,2].
{"title":"The authenticity, sterility, and stability of culturing human pluripotent stem cells","authors":"Hea-Jo Yoon, Woo Jung Ho","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000361","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is necessary for experimental demand or clinical application. The culture of human stem cells shares many of the same standards as mammalian somatic cell culture. Since the cells in culture are exposed to a different environment from the environment of the living body, the cells per se tend to adapt and adapt to the culture conditions. Particularly, they can be easily affected by external pathogen or culture environment because hPSCs are dynamic cells with pluripotency and regeneration ability [1]. In addition, the method of maintaining undifferentiated state during longterm culture without loss of regeneration ability or pluripotency may affect the characteristics of cells resulting in changes of the authenticity, and instability of hPSCs. Qualitative assessments during the culture of hPSCs include purity, viability, morphological appearance, confluency (the percentage of the surface of a culture dish that is covered by adherent cells), functionality, contamination and cross-contamination, authenticity, differentiation state, and identification of genetic stability [1]. Among them, the key elements of cultivation of hPSCs would be authenticity, sterility, and stability of cell lines [1,2].","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79205709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of adhesion molecules in nephropathies: The diagnostic applications","authors":"S. Uwaezuoke","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86126323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kasoha, L. Golbach, Panagiotis klavounos, S. Findeklee, I. Juhasz-Böss, H. Eichler, E. Solomayer
{"title":"Expression of the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 in endometriosis","authors":"M. Kasoha, L. Golbach, Panagiotis klavounos, S. Findeklee, I. Juhasz-Böss, H. Eichler, E. Solomayer","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80829485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David S. Taylor, A. Pearson, Lindsey M. Glenn, Kara S Orr, S. Tersey, D. Taylor-Fishwick
Inflammation is a major contributor to beta cell destruction leading to diabetes. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inflammatory signals facilitates beta cell dysfunction. Disruption of the ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX-1) confers protection to beta cells. Selective small molecule inhibitors of NOX-1 that confer protection to mouse or human beta cells (ML171 or GKT137831) have been systemically administered to NOD mice. A brief (4 week) administration of the NOX-1 inhibitors reduced the conversion of NOD mice to diabetes, relative to vehicle control. Histologic analysis of islet morphology showed mice administered the NOX-1 inhibitors had a predominant organization of leukocytes that was restricted to the peri-islet region, in contrast to leukocyte invasion of the islet that was predominantly seen in vehicle control mice. The data support the therapeutic potential of NOX-1 inhibition in diabetes and suggest a role for NOX-1 in the cross talk between inflammatory cells, beta cells and the integrity of the islet extracellular matrix.
{"title":"Small molecule inhibition of NOX-1 reduces diabetes conversion in NOD mice","authors":"David S. Taylor, A. Pearson, Lindsey M. Glenn, Kara S Orr, S. Tersey, D. Taylor-Fishwick","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000367","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation is a major contributor to beta cell destruction leading to diabetes. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inflammatory signals facilitates beta cell dysfunction. Disruption of the ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX-1) confers protection to beta cells. Selective small molecule inhibitors of NOX-1 that confer protection to mouse or human beta cells (ML171 or GKT137831) have been systemically administered to NOD mice. A brief (4 week) administration of the NOX-1 inhibitors reduced the conversion of NOD mice to diabetes, relative to vehicle control. Histologic analysis of islet morphology showed mice administered the NOX-1 inhibitors had a predominant organization of leukocytes that was restricted to the peri-islet region, in contrast to leukocyte invasion of the islet that was predominantly seen in vehicle control mice. The data support the therapeutic potential of NOX-1 inhibition in diabetes and suggest a role for NOX-1 in the cross talk between inflammatory cells, beta cells and the integrity of the islet extracellular matrix.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90645866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ongoing standardized verification of the accuracy of blood glucose meters systems for self-monitoring post-launch is important clinically and helps confirm appropriate continues performance of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) systems. In addition, publication of such studies is increasingly becoming a component of evidence-based purchase decision making. ISO 15197:2015,2 for which mandatory compliance is recommended for SMBG systems by 2015,3 has tighter accuracy requirements than ISO 15197:2003,4 and outlines current minimum accuracy standards necessary in Europe for CE marking. Introduction In the present study, a post marketing evaluation of the CE-marked GL50 evo and GL44 systems were performed in accordance with ISO 15197:2015 protocols and requirements. The GL50 evo and GL44 systems were supplied in Germany from the Beurer GmbH, Germany. A declaration of conformity from the manufacturer of the two measuring systems was available before the start of the study, so that only the GL50 evo was used in the tests, but the results documented the quality of both systems. Two GL50 evo systems (serial number: GL55 T1 and GL55 T2) and strips from 3 different lots (A 10/1, A 10/3, A 10/4) with expiry dates March 2017 respectively) were supplied by the manufacturer. The study was conducted from April 21 to May 05, 2015, at the Institute of Diabetes “Gerhardt Katsch,” Karlsburg, Germany. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University of Greifswald in July 2014 [1-3]. Ear lobe capillary blood samples were taken from 118 subjects for duplicate glucose determination using the GL50 evo and the glucose oxidase based YSI2300 STAT PLUS (YSI Incorporated, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA) plasma glucose reference method. Trueness and precision of the comparison assay were verified using a range of YSI bioanalytical standards and controls. The prescribed limits for the hematocrit values, to be between 20% and 60%, were reached by the patient samples and after examination of glucose concentration ranges using the YSI, 100 subjects were included in the analysis of accuracy [4]. In the glucose range <100 mg/dL in summary 98.8 % of the values and in the range ≥ 100 mg/dl in summary 98.6 % full filled the quality criteria of the ISO 15197. Important differences between the three tested lots were not shown; detailed data are presented in Tables 1 and *Correspondence to: Eckhard Salzsieder, Institute of Diabetes, Gerhardt Katsch, Karlsburg, Germany, E-mail: apuchert@diabetes-karlsburg.de
对启动后用于自我监测的血糖仪系统的准确性进行持续的标准化验证具有重要的临床意义，并有助于确认自我监测血糖(SMBG)系统的适当持续性能。此外，此类研究的发表正日益成为基于证据的购买决策的一个组成部分。ISO 15197:2015,2到2015年强制要求SMBG系统遵守，3比ISO 15197:2003有更严格的精度要求，4并概述了欧洲CE标志所需的当前最低精度标准。在本研究中，根据ISO 15197:2015协议和要求，对ce标记的GL50 evo和GL44系统进行了上市后评估。GL50 evo和GL44系统由德国Beurer GmbH提供。在研究开始之前，两种测量系统的制造商提供了符合性声明，因此在测试中仅使用GL50 evo，但结果记录了两种系统的质量。制造商提供了两个GL50 evo系统(序列号:GL55 T1和GL55 T2)和3个不同批次(A 10/1, A 10/3, A 10/4)的条带，有效期分别为2017年3月)。该研究于2015年4月21日至5月5日在德国卡尔斯堡的糖尿病“Gerhardt Katsch”研究所进行。该研究于2014年7月获得Greifswald大学伦理委员会的伦理批准[1-3]。采用GL50 evo和基于葡萄糖氧化酶的YSI2300 STAT PLUS (YSI Incorporated, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA)血浆血糖参比法，采集118例受试者耳垂毛细血管血样进行重复血糖测定。使用一系列YSI生物分析标准品和对照品验证了比较分析的准确性和精确性。患者样本的红细胞压积值达到规定的20%至60%的限度，使用YSI检查葡萄糖浓度范围后，将100名受试者纳入准确性[4]分析。在葡萄糖<100 mg/dL的范围内，98.8%的值符合ISO 15197的质量标准，在≥100 mg/dL的范围内，98.6%的值符合ISO 15197的质量标准。三个测试批次之间的重要差异没有显示出来;通讯:Eckhard salzsider，糖尿病研究所，Gerhardt Katsch, Karlsburg, Germany, E-mail: apuchert@diabetes-karlsburg.de
{"title":"System accuracy evaluation of the systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose GL50 evo and GL 44 following DIN EN ISO 15197:2015: A comparison of accuracy in glucose concentration ranges <100 mg/dL and ≥100 mg/dL","authors":"E. Salzsieder, S. Berg, A. Puchert, E. Freyse","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000383","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing standardized verification of the accuracy of blood glucose meters systems for self-monitoring post-launch is important clinically and helps confirm appropriate continues performance of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) systems. In addition, publication of such studies is increasingly becoming a component of evidence-based purchase decision making. ISO 15197:2015,2 for which mandatory compliance is recommended for SMBG systems by 2015,3 has tighter accuracy requirements than ISO 15197:2003,4 and outlines current minimum accuracy standards necessary in Europe for CE marking. Introduction In the present study, a post marketing evaluation of the CE-marked GL50 evo and GL44 systems were performed in accordance with ISO 15197:2015 protocols and requirements. The GL50 evo and GL44 systems were supplied in Germany from the Beurer GmbH, Germany. A declaration of conformity from the manufacturer of the two measuring systems was available before the start of the study, so that only the GL50 evo was used in the tests, but the results documented the quality of both systems. Two GL50 evo systems (serial number: GL55 T1 and GL55 T2) and strips from 3 different lots (A 10/1, A 10/3, A 10/4) with expiry dates March 2017 respectively) were supplied by the manufacturer. The study was conducted from April 21 to May 05, 2015, at the Institute of Diabetes “Gerhardt Katsch,” Karlsburg, Germany. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University of Greifswald in July 2014 [1-3]. Ear lobe capillary blood samples were taken from 118 subjects for duplicate glucose determination using the GL50 evo and the glucose oxidase based YSI2300 STAT PLUS (YSI Incorporated, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA) plasma glucose reference method. Trueness and precision of the comparison assay were verified using a range of YSI bioanalytical standards and controls. The prescribed limits for the hematocrit values, to be between 20% and 60%, were reached by the patient samples and after examination of glucose concentration ranges using the YSI, 100 subjects were included in the analysis of accuracy [4]. In the glucose range <100 mg/dL in summary 98.8 % of the values and in the range ≥ 100 mg/dl in summary 98.6 % full filled the quality criteria of the ISO 15197. Important differences between the three tested lots were not shown; detailed data are presented in Tables 1 and *Correspondence to: Eckhard Salzsieder, Institute of Diabetes, Gerhardt Katsch, Karlsburg, Germany, E-mail: apuchert@diabetes-karlsburg.de","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"480 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78121109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priya Miranda, Christopher D Cox, Michael Alexander, S. Danev, J. Lakey
The global burden of cognitive, mental, neurological, and substance-use disorders at 258 million disability adjusted life years calls for immediate “action” in their prevention and management. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most widely-used instruments for the non-invasive neuro-physiological measure of brain function and health. The EEG was originally used to solely monitor and record electric waves generated by electrical activity in the brain to aid in clinical decision-making and diagnosis. Technological improvements have made it possible for state-of the-art EEG computer-based systems like NeuralScan by Medeia Inc. to evaluate changes in power and in ratios of these brain waves with changes in brain and mental health status. Today’s EEG machines can also identifying the precise localization of these changes enabling more accurate diagnosis and treatment. Improvements in EEG technology have made them robust, stationary/portable, high fidelity, versatile with the ability to carry out complex functions and calculations yet still be user/clinician-friendly highlighting their potential for use in clinical, research, epidemiological and public health settings. The present article presents an overview on EEG machines, their use in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy and to generate EEG-based markers in the area of cognition, mental and brain health. Introduction EEG in brain health and cognition Normal functioning of the cerebral cortex is critical to physiological, neurological and mental health. Currently, cognitive, mental, neurological, and substance-use diseases/disorders account for 258 million disability adjusted life years (10.4% total all cause DALYS). This reiterates the need for better prevention, diagnostic and treatment options for brain health that can be used in clinical, epidemiological and public health settings [1-2]. Among the diagnostic and assessment tools for brain health are the a) non-invasive: neuro-clinical-physical examinations, questionnaires /instruments, electroencephalogram EEG, neuroimaging including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and computerized tomography (CT); and b) the invasive: biochemical tests, genetic tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, angiography, and biopsies. While the MRI, fMRI, PET and CT provide good spatial resolution of brain health, the EEG evaluates brain health via temporal resolution of brain function within the millisecond range [3-5], which is not possible with the other approaches. Due to its sensitivity to changes in brain function and structure and its simplicity of use in clinical settings, its use in intensive care has continued to increase in recent years [6-8]. The EEG assesses the neurophysiological aspects of brain function via the capture of the electric waves generated by electrical activity in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes: the frontal, parietal, tempora
认知、精神、神经和药物使用障碍的全球负担达到2.58亿残疾调整生命年，这要求立即采取“行动”预防和管理这些疾病。脑电图(EEG)是应用最广泛的无创脑功能和健康神经生理测量仪器之一。脑电图最初仅用于监测和记录脑电活动产生的电波，以帮助临床决策和诊断。技术的进步使得最先进的基于脑电图计算机的系统，如媒体公司的NeuralScan，能够评估脑电波的功率变化以及脑电波与大脑和精神健康状况变化的比例。今天的脑电图机也可以识别这些变化的精确定位，从而实现更准确的诊断和治疗。脑电图技术的改进使它们变得坚固、固定/便携、高保真、多功能，能够执行复杂的功能和计算，但仍然对用户/临床医生友好，突出了它们在临床、研究、流行病学和公共卫生环境中的应用潜力。本文概述了脑电图机及其在诊断、预后和治疗中的应用，并在认知、精神和大脑健康领域产生基于脑电图的标志物。脑电图在大脑健康和认知中的作用大脑皮层的正常功能对生理、神经和心理健康至关重要。目前，认知、精神、神经和药物使用疾病/障碍占2.58亿残疾调整生命年(占所有原因伤残调整生命年总数的10.4%)。这重申需要有更好的脑健康预防、诊断和治疗方案，可用于临床、流行病学和公共卫生环境[1-2]。脑健康的诊断和评估工具包括:a)非侵入性:神经临床-体格检查、问卷/仪器、脑电图、神经影像学(包括超声、磁共振成像、MRI、功能性MRI (fMRI)、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和计算机断层扫描(CT);b)侵入性检查:生化检查、基因检查、脑脊液(CSF)分析、血管造影和活组织检查。MRI、fMRI、PET和CT提供了良好的大脑健康空间分辨率，而EEG通过毫秒范围内的大脑功能时间分辨率来评估大脑健康[3-5]，这是其他方法无法做到的。由于其对脑功能和结构变化的敏感性以及在临床环境中使用的简单性，近年来在重症监护中的应用不断增加[6-8]。脑电图通过捕捉大脑皮层电活动产生的电波来评估大脑功能的神经生理方面。大脑皮层分为四个脑叶:额叶、顶叶、颞叶和枕叶;每一个都执行特定的功能。收信人:Jonathan RT Lakey，外科，333 City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA 92868, USA, Tel: 1-949-824-8022;传真:1-714456-6188;电子邮件:jlakey@uci.edu
{"title":"Overview of current diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic use of EEG and EEG-based markers of cognition, mental, and brain health","authors":"Priya Miranda, Christopher D Cox, Michael Alexander, S. Danev, J. Lakey","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000378","url":null,"abstract":"The global burden of cognitive, mental, neurological, and substance-use disorders at 258 million disability adjusted life years calls for immediate “action” in their prevention and management. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most widely-used instruments for the non-invasive neuro-physiological measure of brain function and health. The EEG was originally used to solely monitor and record electric waves generated by electrical activity in the brain to aid in clinical decision-making and diagnosis. Technological improvements have made it possible for state-of the-art EEG computer-based systems like NeuralScan by Medeia Inc. to evaluate changes in power and in ratios of these brain waves with changes in brain and mental health status. Today’s EEG machines can also identifying the precise localization of these changes enabling more accurate diagnosis and treatment. Improvements in EEG technology have made them robust, stationary/portable, high fidelity, versatile with the ability to carry out complex functions and calculations yet still be user/clinician-friendly highlighting their potential for use in clinical, research, epidemiological and public health settings. The present article presents an overview on EEG machines, their use in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy and to generate EEG-based markers in the area of cognition, mental and brain health. Introduction EEG in brain health and cognition Normal functioning of the cerebral cortex is critical to physiological, neurological and mental health. Currently, cognitive, mental, neurological, and substance-use diseases/disorders account for 258 million disability adjusted life years (10.4% total all cause DALYS). This reiterates the need for better prevention, diagnostic and treatment options for brain health that can be used in clinical, epidemiological and public health settings [1-2]. Among the diagnostic and assessment tools for brain health are the a) non-invasive: neuro-clinical-physical examinations, questionnaires /instruments, electroencephalogram EEG, neuroimaging including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and computerized tomography (CT); and b) the invasive: biochemical tests, genetic tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, angiography, and biopsies. While the MRI, fMRI, PET and CT provide good spatial resolution of brain health, the EEG evaluates brain health via temporal resolution of brain function within the millisecond range [3-5], which is not possible with the other approaches. Due to its sensitivity to changes in brain function and structure and its simplicity of use in clinical settings, its use in intensive care has continued to increase in recent years [6-8]. The EEG assesses the neurophysiological aspects of brain function via the capture of the electric waves generated by electrical activity in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes: the frontal, parietal, tempora","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89927194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takashi Nakamura, T. Murase, Etsuko Satoh, Atsushi Miyachi, N. Ogawa, K. Abe, Noriaki Katoh, Y. Nakayama
{"title":"The influence of albumin on the plasma xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitory activity of allopurinol, febuxostat and topiroxostat: Insight into extra-urate lowering effect","authors":"Takashi Nakamura, T. Murase, Etsuko Satoh, Atsushi Miyachi, N. Ogawa, K. Abe, Noriaki Katoh, Y. Nakayama","doi":"10.15761/IMM.1000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/IMM.1000368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78149729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yanagida, K. Osabe, T. Nagai, Nobuyuki Murakami
Background: Quantum chemistry, i.e., density functional theory-based molecular modeling (DFT/MM) using computer software of “Spartan” on personal computer is a novel analysis method for equilibrium geometry and energy structure of van der Waals force (vdW) aggregates of molecules. In view of the action of preventing disease, DFT/MM is undertaken to analyze redox reactions in mitochondria (mt) as battery of cells which is functioning using oxygen and D-glucose. Materials and methods: DFT-based molecular modeling (DFT/MM), equivalent to the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) method, was performed by using the B3LYP exchange-correlation function and the 6–31G(d) basis set with Spartan’16 (Wavefunction, Inc. Irvine, CA). Results: DFT/MM verifies and predicts that superoxide radical anion (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) are produced by redox reactions of ground state oxygen (O2) and D-glucose in mt. Without exhausting ATP, accumulation of HOOH will start in mt, resulting in production of hazardous hydroxyl radical (HO dot). The hydroxyl radical (HO dot) destroys cellular membrane, leading to dysfunction of mt. Accumulation of HOOH and formation of hazardous HO radical will be suppressed by antioxidative chemical substance, e.g., Vitamin C, thyroxin (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid hormone is one of so-called super oxide dismutase, iodine atoms in which play an important role of antioxidative effects in mt. Conclusion: Dietary intake of antioxidative chemical substance like Vitamin C, preservation of acceptable level of iodine-bearing T4 and T3 in blood, and aerobic exercise which prevents accumulation of HOOH are essential for prolonged mt as battery of cells.
{"title":"Quantum chemistry molecular modeling for longevity: Importance of antioxidative effects in mitochondria as battery of cells","authors":"S. Yanagida, K. Osabe, T. Nagai, Nobuyuki Murakami","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000380","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quantum chemistry, i.e., density functional theory-based molecular modeling (DFT/MM) using computer software of “Spartan” on personal computer is a novel analysis method for equilibrium geometry and energy structure of van der Waals force (vdW) aggregates of molecules. In view of the action of preventing disease, DFT/MM is undertaken to analyze redox reactions in mitochondria (mt) as battery of cells which is functioning using oxygen and D-glucose. Materials and methods: DFT-based molecular modeling (DFT/MM), equivalent to the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) method, was performed by using the B3LYP exchange-correlation function and the 6–31G(d) basis set with Spartan’16 (Wavefunction, Inc. Irvine, CA). Results: DFT/MM verifies and predicts that superoxide radical anion (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) are produced by redox reactions of ground state oxygen (O2) and D-glucose in mt. Without exhausting ATP, accumulation of HOOH will start in mt, resulting in production of hazardous hydroxyl radical (HO dot). The hydroxyl radical (HO dot) destroys cellular membrane, leading to dysfunction of mt. Accumulation of HOOH and formation of hazardous HO radical will be suppressed by antioxidative chemical substance, e.g., Vitamin C, thyroxin (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid hormone is one of so-called super oxide dismutase, iodine atoms in which play an important role of antioxidative effects in mt. Conclusion: Dietary intake of antioxidative chemical substance like Vitamin C, preservation of acceptable level of iodine-bearing T4 and T3 in blood, and aerobic exercise which prevents accumulation of HOOH are essential for prolonged mt as battery of cells.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72825219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The maternal inheritance of the mitochondrial DNA is one of its amazing characteristics. It is located in the matrix of a mitochondrion. The cellular organelle that is responsible for the generation of ATPs is the mitochondrion. A lot of studies have linked the mitochondria with the generation of cancer cells. There is a crosstalk in the medical research field that whether the cancer cells were originated from a nuclear defect or from a mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review paper, I will highlight the role of mitochondria in tumorigenesis.
{"title":"The role of mitochondria in tumorigenesis","authors":"Mouza Mohammed AlFashti AlAleeli","doi":"10.15761/imm.1000356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/imm.1000356","url":null,"abstract":"The maternal inheritance of the mitochondrial DNA is one of its amazing characteristics. It is located in the matrix of a mitochondrion. The cellular organelle that is responsible for the generation of ATPs is the mitochondrion. A lot of studies have linked the mitochondria with the generation of cancer cells. There is a crosstalk in the medical research field that whether the cancer cells were originated from a nuclear defect or from a mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review paper, I will highlight the role of mitochondria in tumorigenesis.","PeriodicalId":94322,"journal":{"name":"Integrative molecular medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73827501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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