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Translational gastroenterology and hepatology最新文献

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Palliative chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer-treatment sequences. 胰腺癌治疗序列中的姑息性化疗。
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.06.09
Rami Abbassi, Hana Algül

Pancreatic cancer belongs to the most deadly malignancies and is expected to become the second deadliest cancer by 2040. Still, in most of the cases the tumor is detected in a nonresectable or metastatic state and, untreated, the disease will progress rapidly. Even with chemotherapeutic treatment the prognosis is poor and the 5-year overall survival rate is less than 10%. Therefore, there is a need for proper therapeutic options for the palliative treatment of the disease. Despite great efforts to find new drugs for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, for a long time the therapy was limited to the use of gemcitabine with very limited benefit. Recently new chemotherapeutic regimens have been identified that helped to improve the overall survival significantly. In addition, even second-line therapies have been established. This review will provide an overview on the current standard of care, discusses possible treatment sequences and offer a perspective on future developments.

癌症属于最致命的恶性肿瘤,预计到2040年将成为第二致命的癌症。尽管如此,在大多数情况下,肿瘤被检测为不可切除或转移状态,如果不治疗,疾病会迅速发展。即使进行化疗,预后也很差,5年总生存率低于10%。因此,有必要为该疾病的姑息治疗提供适当的治疗选择。尽管为寻找治疗癌症的新药做出了巨大努力,但长期以来,该疗法仅限于吉西他滨的使用,其益处非常有限。最近发现了新的化疗方案,有助于显著提高总生存率。此外,甚至已经建立了二线疗法。这篇综述将概述当前的护理标准,讨论可能的治疗顺序,并对未来的发展提供展望。
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引用次数: 17
Emerging medical therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and for alcoholic hepatitis. 非酒精性脂肪肝和酒精性肝炎的新兴医学疗法。
Pub Date : 2019-07-19 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.06.06
Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Ashwani K Singal

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are currently the two most common liver diseases in the world. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH), a unique clinical syndrome among ALD patients has high short-term mortality. Apart from controlling the risk factor for individual respective disease, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medical therapies for these diseases. Over the last 5-10 years, the field has extensively grown with many new targets being studied in randomized clinical trials for these diseases, with many of these drugs being tested in both the conditions. In this chapter, we will describe the novel therapeutic agents and current status of ongoing clinical trials with these agents for the treatment of NAFLD and/or AH.

非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)和酒精性肝病(ALD)是目前世界上最常见的两种肝病。酒精性肝炎(AH)是ALD患者中一种独特的临床综合征,其短期死亡率很高。除了控制个别疾病的风险因素外,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)还没有批准针对这些疾病的医疗疗法。在过去的5-10年里,该领域得到了广泛的发展,许多新的靶点正在这些疾病的随机临床试验中进行研究,其中许多药物在这两种条件下都进行了测试。在本章中,我们将描述新型治疗剂以及这些药物治疗NAFLD和/或AH的临床试验现状。
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引用次数: 34
期刊
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology
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