Z. Kiełbowicz, A. Piątek, J. Biezynski, P. Skrzypczak, E. Chmielewska, P. Kafarski, J. Kuryszko
Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the impact of steroidal medications on the structure and mechanical properties of supporting tissues of sheep under experimentally-induced osteoporosis. A total of 21 sheep were used, divided into three groups: a negative control (KN) (n = 3), a positive control (KP) (n = 3) with ovariectomy, and a steroidal group (KS) (n = 15) with ovariectomy and glucocorticosteroids. All animals were kept on a low protein and mineral diet and had limited physical activity and access to sunlight. Quantitative computed tomography was the examination method. The declines in the examined parameter values in the KS group were more than three times higher than in the KN group. The study suggests that a glucocorticosteroidal therapy accelerates and intensifies processes taking place in the course of osteoporosis. The combination of glucocorticosteroids with ovariectomy, a restrictive diet, limited physical activity, and no access to sunlight leads to a decrease in radiological bone density.
{"title":"Improvement of Large Animal Model for Studying Osteoporosis","authors":"Z. Kiełbowicz, A. Piątek, J. Biezynski, P. Skrzypczak, E. Chmielewska, P. Kafarski, J. Kuryszko","doi":"10.1515/BVIP-2015-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the impact of steroidal medications on the structure and mechanical properties of supporting tissues of sheep under experimentally-induced osteoporosis. A total of 21 sheep were used, divided into three groups: a negative control (KN) (n = 3), a positive control (KP) (n = 3) with ovariectomy, and a steroidal group (KS) (n = 15) with ovariectomy and glucocorticosteroids. All animals were kept on a low protein and mineral diet and had limited physical activity and access to sunlight. Quantitative computed tomography was the examination method. The declines in the examined parameter values in the KS group were more than three times higher than in the KN group. The study suggests that a glucocorticosteroidal therapy accelerates and intensifies processes taking place in the course of osteoporosis. The combination of glucocorticosteroids with ovariectomy, a restrictive diet, limited physical activity, and no access to sunlight leads to a decrease in radiological bone density.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"59 1","pages":"123 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67310731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kılıç, S. Yayla, A. Kamiloğlu, V. Baran, M. Ogun
Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical, biochemical, and cardiovascular effects of intrathecal (IT) administration of ketamine HCl in calves. The study was performed on seven Simmental and three Montofon calves, 1.70 ± 1.16 weeks old, weighing approximately 37 kg, undergoing surgical procedures including femur fracture repair (one case), atresia anus (five cases), prolapsed rectum (one case), suturing on rear limbs (two cases), and urethrostomy (one case). After administering IT ketamine HCl at a dose of 3 mg/kg to all calves, the level and depth of the anaesthesia was checked with a pin-prick test. Each animal was monitored by recording heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rates, and rectal temperature. Furthermore, certain biochemical parameters, blood gases, oxygen-total haemoglobin, and electrolyte levels were measured. All data were statistically evaluated using Minitab 16 software. Anaesthesia occurred in all calves at an average of 5.00 ± 1.41 min (range: 3-7) and continued for an average of 61.4 ± 40 min (range: 55-70). Sufficient anaesthesia was achieved in all animals for the required operations, and no complications occurred with regard to clinical and haemodynamic measurements. We concluded that in calves, which are not deemed suitable for administration of local anaesthetic via IT due to certain side effects, sufficient anaesthesia can be provided with ketamine by the same method for operations performed in the perineal area and hind extremities, and that this could be a good alternative for anaesthesia under field conditions.
{"title":"Effects of Intrathecal Administration of Ketamine HCl in Young Calves: A Clinical Trial","authors":"E. Kılıç, S. Yayla, A. Kamiloğlu, V. Baran, M. Ogun","doi":"10.1515/BVIP-2015-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical, biochemical, and cardiovascular effects of intrathecal (IT) administration of ketamine HCl in calves. The study was performed on seven Simmental and three Montofon calves, 1.70 ± 1.16 weeks old, weighing approximately 37 kg, undergoing surgical procedures including femur fracture repair (one case), atresia anus (five cases), prolapsed rectum (one case), suturing on rear limbs (two cases), and urethrostomy (one case). After administering IT ketamine HCl at a dose of 3 mg/kg to all calves, the level and depth of the anaesthesia was checked with a pin-prick test. Each animal was monitored by recording heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rates, and rectal temperature. Furthermore, certain biochemical parameters, blood gases, oxygen-total haemoglobin, and electrolyte levels were measured. All data were statistically evaluated using Minitab 16 software. Anaesthesia occurred in all calves at an average of 5.00 ± 1.41 min (range: 3-7) and continued for an average of 61.4 ± 40 min (range: 55-70). Sufficient anaesthesia was achieved in all animals for the required operations, and no complications occurred with regard to clinical and haemodynamic measurements. We concluded that in calves, which are not deemed suitable for administration of local anaesthetic via IT due to certain side effects, sufficient anaesthesia can be provided with ketamine by the same method for operations performed in the perineal area and hind extremities, and that this could be a good alternative for anaesthesia under field conditions.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"59 1","pages":"155 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67310921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was developed for genetic typing of Polish strains of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). The method was applied using 60 BVDV isolates, which included BVDV genotype 1, subtypes a, b, d, e, f, and g, and genotype 2a. RT-PCR products of the 5’untranslated region (5’UTR) were digested using three enzymes. Restriction patterns classified the strains into seven groups, each with a specific and different pattern from other subtypes. These findings were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results suggest that RFLP analysis is a simple, reliable, and fast genotyping method for BVDV strains in comparison with sequencing. This method can distinguish six subtypes of BVDV-1 including a new subtype 1e, identified exclusively by this method, and it allows differentiation of BVDV-1 from BVDV-2 genotype.
{"title":"Genetic Typing of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Identification of a New Subtype in Poland","authors":"A. Kuta, M. Polak, M. Larska, J. Żmudziński","doi":"10.1515/BVIP-2015-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was developed for genetic typing of Polish strains of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). The method was applied using 60 BVDV isolates, which included BVDV genotype 1, subtypes a, b, d, e, f, and g, and genotype 2a. RT-PCR products of the 5’untranslated region (5’UTR) were digested using three enzymes. Restriction patterns classified the strains into seven groups, each with a specific and different pattern from other subtypes. These findings were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results suggest that RFLP analysis is a simple, reliable, and fast genotyping method for BVDV strains in comparison with sequencing. This method can distinguish six subtypes of BVDV-1 including a new subtype 1e, identified exclusively by this method, and it allows differentiation of BVDV-1 from BVDV-2 genotype.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"59 1","pages":"19 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67310381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Domosławska, S. Zdunczyk, W. Niżański, A. Jurczak, T. Janowski
Abstract Thirty clinically healthy dogs with poor semen quality were used in the study. Fifteen dogs were supplemented daily with selenium (0.6 mg/kg organic selenium from yeast) and vitamin E (5 mg/kg) per os for 60 d. The control group (15 dogs) was not supplemented. Semen was collected from all dogs by manual manipulation on days 0, 30, 60, and 90. The sperm concentration and motility parameters were evaluated with a Hamilton Thorne sperm analyser, version IVOS 12.3. For the assessment of sperm morphology, Diff-Quik stain was used. The percentage of live and dead spermatozoa was estimated on dried smears stained with eosin-nigrosin. The concentration of spermatozoa, most motility parameters determined (PMOT, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, RAPID, MEDIUM, SLOW, and STATIC), and the percentage of spermatozoa morphologically normal and live increased significantly (P < 0.05) after 60 d of supplementation. In the control group, there were no changes in motility parameters while the concentration and total sperm count decreased over the duration of the study. In conclusion, supplementation with selenium and vitamin E for 60 d can improve the quality of semen in dogs with lowered fertility.
{"title":"Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E Supplementation on Semen Quality in Dogs with Lowered Fertility","authors":"A. Domosławska, S. Zdunczyk, W. Niżański, A. Jurczak, T. Janowski","doi":"10.1515/BVIP-2015-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thirty clinically healthy dogs with poor semen quality were used in the study. Fifteen dogs were supplemented daily with selenium (0.6 mg/kg organic selenium from yeast) and vitamin E (5 mg/kg) per os for 60 d. The control group (15 dogs) was not supplemented. Semen was collected from all dogs by manual manipulation on days 0, 30, 60, and 90. The sperm concentration and motility parameters were evaluated with a Hamilton Thorne sperm analyser, version IVOS 12.3. For the assessment of sperm morphology, Diff-Quik stain was used. The percentage of live and dead spermatozoa was estimated on dried smears stained with eosin-nigrosin. The concentration of spermatozoa, most motility parameters determined (PMOT, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, RAPID, MEDIUM, SLOW, and STATIC), and the percentage of spermatozoa morphologically normal and live increased significantly (P < 0.05) after 60 d of supplementation. In the control group, there were no changes in motility parameters while the concentration and total sperm count decreased over the duration of the study. In conclusion, supplementation with selenium and vitamin E for 60 d can improve the quality of semen in dogs with lowered fertility.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"59 1","pages":"85 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67310032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rudowska, W. Barański, P. Socha, S. Zdunczyk, T. Janowski
Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy o f simultaneous administration of GnRH and PGF2α in dairy cows with ovarian cysts. Ovarian cyst-affected dairy cows were divided into two experimental groups: 54 cows treated with GnRH and PGF2α, and 42 cows treated with GnRH alone, whereas 22 untreated cows served as the control group. Clinical response and reproductive performance were evaluated. The cumulative disappearance was better in treated cows than in the control group; however, there were no differences between the treatment groups (92.6; 95.2% vs. 72.3%). The mean interval from calving to conception was not significantly shorter (being so by 29 d) in the GnRH/PGF2α group than in the cows treated with GnRH alone (P > 0.05). The intervals from treatment to conception were also similar in these groups. The pregnancy rate in both treated groups was similar (62%) and higher than in the control cows (53%). In the cows with luteal cysts, the total pregnancy rate was higher in all experimental groups; however, only in GnRH-treated cows was this difference statistically significant (77.8% vs. 50.0%, P < 0.05). With time after parturition, the pregnancy rate decreased in all groups. In general, the cows treated with GnRH and PGF2α simultaneously displayed a good clinical response and slight improvement in reproductive performance compared to the single-therapy GnRH group; however, this was not fully convincing.
摘要本研究旨在探讨同时给药GnRH和PGF2α对奶牛卵巢囊肿的治疗效果。将卵巢囊肿奶牛分为两组，分别给予GnRH和PGF2α治疗组54头和单独给予GnRH治疗组42头，未给予GnRH治疗组22头为对照组。评估临床反应和生殖性能。处理组奶牛的累积消失量好于对照组;然而，治疗组之间没有差异(92.6;95.2% vs. 72.3%)。GnRH/PGF2α组从产犊到受胎的平均间隔时间(29 d)不显著短于单独GnRH组(P < 0.05)。在这些组中，从治疗到受孕的间隔时间也相似。两组奶牛的妊娠率相似(62%)，且高于对照组奶牛(53%)。黄体囊肿奶牛总妊娠率各试验组均较高;然而，只有在gnrh处理的奶牛中，这种差异才有统计学意义(77.8%比50.0%，P < 0.05)。随着分娩时间的延长，各组妊娠率均呈下降趋势。总体而言，与单一GnRH组相比，GnRH和PGF2α同时治疗的奶牛表现出良好的临床反应，生殖性能略有改善;然而，这并不完全令人信服。
{"title":"Treatment of Ovarian Cysts in Dairy Cows with Simultaneous Administration of GnRH and PGF2α has no Clear Advantage Over the Use of GnRH Alone","authors":"M. Rudowska, W. Barański, P. Socha, S. Zdunczyk, T. Janowski","doi":"10.1515/BVIP-2015-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy o f simultaneous administration of GnRH and PGF2α in dairy cows with ovarian cysts. Ovarian cyst-affected dairy cows were divided into two experimental groups: 54 cows treated with GnRH and PGF2α, and 42 cows treated with GnRH alone, whereas 22 untreated cows served as the control group. Clinical response and reproductive performance were evaluated. The cumulative disappearance was better in treated cows than in the control group; however, there were no differences between the treatment groups (92.6; 95.2% vs. 72.3%). The mean interval from calving to conception was not significantly shorter (being so by 29 d) in the GnRH/PGF2α group than in the cows treated with GnRH alone (P > 0.05). The intervals from treatment to conception were also similar in these groups. The pregnancy rate in both treated groups was similar (62%) and higher than in the control cows (53%). In the cows with luteal cysts, the total pregnancy rate was higher in all experimental groups; however, only in GnRH-treated cows was this difference statistically significant (77.8% vs. 50.0%, P < 0.05). With time after parturition, the pregnancy rate decreased in all groups. In general, the cows treated with GnRH and PGF2α simultaneously displayed a good clinical response and slight improvement in reproductive performance compared to the single-therapy GnRH group; however, this was not fully convincing.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"59 1","pages":"107 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/BVIP-2015-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67310300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ukhovskyi, B. Borisevich, V. Kulykova, J. Żmudzki, A. Jabłoński
Abstract The article presents data on histopathological studies of the kidneys of cows, which either recovered or died from leptospirosis. Fragments of seven kidneys from slaughtered cows, positive for Leptospira antibodies in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) (titres of 50 and higher) were used in the study. The MAT was conducted with eight serological groups of Leptospira: Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, Sejroe, Tarassovi, and Australis. Microscopic changes in all morphological structures of the kidneys were presented. Micromorphological criteria, which can be used for post-mortem diagnosis of leptospirosis were established. They included: serous glomerulonephritis with granular dystrophy of podocytes, necrosis and collapse of the inner layer of Bowman's capsule, partial destruction of capsule and vascular glomeruli, granular and vacuolar degeneration and destruction of tubular epithelial cells, foci of interstitial oedema, and infiltrations predominantly with monocytes and isolated neutrophils. Microscopic changes in the kidneys suggest that the cows died from leptospirosis as a result of toxic shock syndrome.
{"title":"Microscopic changes in the kidneys of cows infected with Leptospira sp.","authors":"V. Ukhovskyi, B. Borisevich, V. Kulykova, J. Żmudzki, A. Jabłoński","doi":"10.2478/BVIP-2014-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents data on histopathological studies of the kidneys of cows, which either recovered or died from leptospirosis. Fragments of seven kidneys from slaughtered cows, positive for Leptospira antibodies in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) (titres of 50 and higher) were used in the study. The MAT was conducted with eight serological groups of Leptospira: Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, Sejroe, Tarassovi, and Australis. Microscopic changes in all morphological structures of the kidneys were presented. Micromorphological criteria, which can be used for post-mortem diagnosis of leptospirosis were established. They included: serous glomerulonephritis with granular dystrophy of podocytes, necrosis and collapse of the inner layer of Bowman's capsule, partial destruction of capsule and vascular glomeruli, granular and vacuolar degeneration and destruction of tubular epithelial cells, foci of interstitial oedema, and infiltrations predominantly with monocytes and isolated neutrophils. Microscopic changes in the kidneys suggest that the cows died from leptospirosis as a result of toxic shock syndrome.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"58 1","pages":"517 - 520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69186265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jabłoński, D. Borowska, S. Zębek, A. Kowalczyk, A. Dors, J. Żmudzki, A. Nowak, Z. Pejsak
Abstract The aim of the study was to develop and validate a real-time PCR method, using a TaqMan probe, for quantification of Mycoplasma suis in porcine blood. No PCR signals with closely related non-haemotrophic mycoplasmas were obtained. The detection limit of PCR for plasmid combined with blood DNA was determined to be 103/reaction (5 μL of DNA) (1.2x105 target copies in 1 mL of blood). The linearity of real-time PCR (near 1) indicates its use as a quantitative method. Real-time and quantitative PCR were sensitive and specific for the detection and quantification of M. suis in the blood of animals with acute and chronic form of eperythrozoonosis. Developed quantitative PCR cannot be used to detect carrier animals with a small amount of M. suis in their blood. The validity of real-time PCR used in the studies was confirmed by the low inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation. This fact confirms the applicability of the assay in other laboratories.
{"title":"Application of quantitative PCR for detection of Mycoplasma suis in blood samples","authors":"A. Jabłoński, D. Borowska, S. Zębek, A. Kowalczyk, A. Dors, J. Żmudzki, A. Nowak, Z. Pejsak","doi":"10.2478/BVIP-2014-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to develop and validate a real-time PCR method, using a TaqMan probe, for quantification of Mycoplasma suis in porcine blood. No PCR signals with closely related non-haemotrophic mycoplasmas were obtained. The detection limit of PCR for plasmid combined with blood DNA was determined to be 103/reaction (5 μL of DNA) (1.2x105 target copies in 1 mL of blood). The linearity of real-time PCR (near 1) indicates its use as a quantitative method. Real-time and quantitative PCR were sensitive and specific for the detection and quantification of M. suis in the blood of animals with acute and chronic form of eperythrozoonosis. Developed quantitative PCR cannot be used to detect carrier animals with a small amount of M. suis in their blood. The validity of real-time PCR used in the studies was confirmed by the low inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation. This fact confirms the applicability of the assay in other laboratories.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"58 1","pages":"533 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69186297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the content of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in fat of different assortment of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The research material consisted of 108 fish from six different producers. Thirty-six fish were analysed as fresh, 36 fish as frozen after six months storage, and 36 fish as traditionally smoked. Chromatographic determination of γ-HCH, DDT, DDD, and DDE was performed with an Agilent Technologies 6890N. The presence of the compounds was detected in all tested fat samples. The content of γ-HCH was five-fold higher in frozen fish (average 2.11 ng/g of fat) than in fresh and smoked fish (0.42 ng/g of fat and 0.43 ng/g of fat, respectively). Total DDT (ΣDDT) content was found higher after refrigerated storage but did not exceed acceptable levels, indicating that the fat in the meat of rainbow trout is an attractive nutritional compound with a low concentration of tested chemical pollutants.
{"title":"Chloroorganic insecticides in the fat of different assortment of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) meat","authors":"R. Pietrzak-Fiećko, J. Parol","doi":"10.2478/BVIP-2014-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the content of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in fat of different assortment of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The research material consisted of 108 fish from six different producers. Thirty-six fish were analysed as fresh, 36 fish as frozen after six months storage, and 36 fish as traditionally smoked. Chromatographic determination of γ-HCH, DDT, DDD, and DDE was performed with an Agilent Technologies 6890N. The presence of the compounds was detected in all tested fat samples. The content of γ-HCH was five-fold higher in frozen fish (average 2.11 ng/g of fat) than in fresh and smoked fish (0.42 ng/g of fat and 0.43 ng/g of fat, respectively). Total DDT (ΣDDT) content was found higher after refrigerated storage but did not exceed acceptable levels, indicating that the fat in the meat of rainbow trout is an attractive nutritional compound with a low concentration of tested chemical pollutants.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"16 1","pages":"597 - 602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69186943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of leptospires from the Sejroe serogroup in aborting seropositive sows and to identify which serovars of this serogroup are responsible for the infection. Serum and urine samples from 20 aborting sows, reared in five farms infected with the Sejroe serogroup, were submitted for examination. Serum samples were examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and urine samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primer sets specific for genus Leptospira, species L. borgpetersenii, the Sejroe serogroup, and the Hardjo-bovis genotype. All the examined serum samples showed titres specific to the Sejroe serogroup, ranging from 100 to 6400. PCR indicated the presence of Leptospira genus-specific DNA sequences in all urine samples examined. DNA sequences specific for both L. borgpetersenii and the Sejroe serogroup were found in 12 of these samples. Additionally, the sequences specific only for L. borgpetersenii were found in five urine samples and sequences for the Sejroe serogroup in two samples. The DNA sequence specific for the Hardjo-bovis genotype was not found in the urine samples. PCR confirmed the results of the MAT, displayed the presence of Leptospira sp. DNA in the urine of all the sows examined, proved the affinity of the detected leptospires to the Sejroe serogroup or at least to L. borgpetersenii, and excluded the Hardjo serovar as the reason for the infections described in the sows.
{"title":"Infections of swine caused by Leptospira serovars of serogroup Sejroe - possibilities of recognition with the use of PCR","authors":"B. Wasiński","doi":"10.2478/BVIP-2014-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of leptospires from the Sejroe serogroup in aborting seropositive sows and to identify which serovars of this serogroup are responsible for the infection. Serum and urine samples from 20 aborting sows, reared in five farms infected with the Sejroe serogroup, were submitted for examination. Serum samples were examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and urine samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primer sets specific for genus Leptospira, species L. borgpetersenii, the Sejroe serogroup, and the Hardjo-bovis genotype. All the examined serum samples showed titres specific to the Sejroe serogroup, ranging from 100 to 6400. PCR indicated the presence of Leptospira genus-specific DNA sequences in all urine samples examined. DNA sequences specific for both L. borgpetersenii and the Sejroe serogroup were found in 12 of these samples. Additionally, the sequences specific only for L. borgpetersenii were found in five urine samples and sequences for the Sejroe serogroup in two samples. The DNA sequence specific for the Hardjo-bovis genotype was not found in the urine samples. PCR confirmed the results of the MAT, displayed the presence of Leptospira sp. DNA in the urine of all the sows examined, proved the affinity of the detected leptospires to the Sejroe serogroup or at least to L. borgpetersenii, and excluded the Hardjo serovar as the reason for the infections described in the sows.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"58 1","pages":"521 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69186277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Olech, P. Kubis, C. Lipecka, A. Junkuszew, T. Gruszecki, J. Kuźmak
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of proviral DNA and colostral antibodies in lambs born to and fed by ewes infected with small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). It was demonstrated that all 20 lambs tested 24 h after colostrum ingestion were serologically positive with high antibody titres. These gradually decreased with time, and at week 12 all lambs were seronegative. Twenty percent of lambs tested at the 2nd week postpartum were provirus positive by qPCR as a result of consumption of infected colostrum or in utero infection. When tested at three months of life, 95% of the lambs were provirus positive, probably as a result of horizontal transmission of the virus. Since these animals could play an important role in the early propagation of SRLV to susceptible herdmates, early removal of provirus-positive animals could help to prevent new infections.
{"title":"Presence of specific antibodies and proviral DNA of small ruminant lentiviruses in lambs in their first weeks of life","authors":"M. Olech, P. Kubis, C. Lipecka, A. Junkuszew, T. Gruszecki, J. Kuźmak","doi":"10.2478/BVIP-2014-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/BVIP-2014-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of proviral DNA and colostral antibodies in lambs born to and fed by ewes infected with small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). It was demonstrated that all 20 lambs tested 24 h after colostrum ingestion were serologically positive with high antibody titres. These gradually decreased with time, and at week 12 all lambs were seronegative. Twenty percent of lambs tested at the 2nd week postpartum were provirus positive by qPCR as a result of consumption of infected colostrum or in utero infection. When tested at three months of life, 95% of the lambs were provirus positive, probably as a result of horizontal transmission of the virus. Since these animals could play an important role in the early propagation of SRLV to susceptible herdmates, early removal of provirus-positive animals could help to prevent new infections.","PeriodicalId":9462,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Veterinary Institute in Pulawy","volume":"58 1","pages":"507 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69186747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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