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The Actin Motor Protein Myosin 6 Contributes to Cell Migration and Expression of GIPC1 and Septins in Breast Cancer Cells. 肌动蛋白运动蛋白肌球蛋白 6 有助于乳腺癌细胞的迁移以及 GIPC1 和 Septins 的表达。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S479151
Magdalena Izdebska, Wioletta Arendt, Marta Hałas-Wiśniewska, Przemysław Zakrzewski, Robert Lenartowski, Marta Lenartowska

Introduction: Breast cancer is highly metastatic. One protein that may participate in breast cancer cell migration is the actin motor protein myosin 6 (MYO6), which is likely regulated by the GIPC1 protein. Additionally, septins (SEPTs) appear to participate in breast cancer motility. Here, we investigated the effects of loss of MYO6 on cell morphology, migration, and expression of GIPC1, SEPT2, and SEPT7 in two breast cancer cell lines.

Material and methods: The research material consisted of two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, in which the level of MYO6 was reduced and the effect of knockdown on the migration potential and the expression of GIPC1, SEPT2 and SEPT7 was determined. The levels of these proteins were also analyzed in silico.

Results: siRNA-mediated knock down of MYO6 altered the morphology of MCF-7 cells and reduced the expression of GIPC1 and SEPT7 in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In in silico data, GIPC1, SEPT2, and SEPT7 were all overexpressed in breast cancer tissue samples from patients. Finally, MYO6 knock down impaired migration and adhesion in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusion: Our study substantiates that downregulation of MYO6 diminishes the migratory abilities of breast cancer cell lines with varying invasiveness. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that decreased MYO6 protein leads to reduced expression of GIPC1, SEPT2, and SEPT7 in breast cancer cells. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the pathways influencing breast cancer cell migration, a critical aspect of metastasis.

导言乳腺癌具有高度转移性。一种可能参与乳腺癌细胞迁移的蛋白质是肌动蛋白运动蛋白肌球蛋白 6(MYO6),它可能受 GIPC1 蛋白调控。此外,隔蛋白(SEPTs)似乎也参与了乳腺癌的运动。在此,我们研究了两种乳腺癌细胞系中 MYO6 缺失对细胞形态、迁移以及 GIPC1、SEPT2 和 SEPT7 表达的影响:研究材料包括两种乳腺癌细胞系 MCF-7 和 MDA-MB-231,在这两种细胞系中降低 MYO6 的水平,并测定敲除对迁移潜能和 GIPC1、SEPT2 和 SEPT7 表达的影响。结果:siRNA 介导的 MYO6 基因敲除改变了 MCF-7 细胞的形态,并降低了 GIPC1 和 SEPT7 在 MCF-7 和 MDA-MB-231 细胞中的表达。默观数据显示,GIPC1、SEPT2 和 SEPT7 在患者的乳腺癌组织样本中均有过表达。最后,MYO6基因敲除会损害MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞的迁移和粘附能力:我们的研究证实,下调 MYO6 会降低不同侵袭性乳腺癌细胞株的迁移能力。此外,我们还证明,MYO6 蛋白的减少会导致乳腺癌细胞中 GIPC1、SEPT2 和 SEPT7 的表达减少。这些发现有助于人们更全面地了解影响乳腺癌细胞迁移的途径,而迁移是乳腺癌转移的一个关键环节。
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引用次数: 0
MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights into Regulatory Mechanisms, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Potential. 肝细胞癌中的微小核糖核酸:监管机制、临床意义和治疗潜力透视。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S477698
Fenfen Guo, Hong Li, Jingjing Wang, Jiangfeng Wang, Jinling Zhang, Fanfang Kong, Zemin Zhang, Jinbao Zong

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), invasion, metastasis, metabolism, and drug resistance are the main factors affecting the development and treatment of tumors. MiRNAs play crucial roles in almost all major cellular biological processes. Studies have been carried out on miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Their dysregulation contributes to the progression and prognosis of HCC. This review aims to explore the molecular cascades and corresponding phenotypic changes caused by aberrant miRNA expression and their regulatory mechanisms, summarize and analyze novel biomarkers from somatic fluids (plasma/serum/urine), and highlight the latent capacity of miRNAs as therapeutic targets.

肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)、血管生成、上皮-间质转化(EMT)、侵袭、转移、代谢和耐药性是影响肿瘤发生和治疗的主要因素。MiRNA 在几乎所有主要的细胞生物学过程中都发挥着至关重要的作用。有关 miRNAs 作为生物标志物和治疗靶点的研究已经展开。它们的失调导致了 HCC 的进展和预后。本综述旨在探讨 miRNA 表达异常引起的分子级联和相应的表型变化及其调控机制,总结和分析来自体液(血浆/血清/尿液)的新型生物标志物,并强调 miRNA 作为治疗靶点的潜在能力。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Subtypes in Gastric Cancer Aided by Machine Learning. 通过机器学习识别胃癌中与脂肪酸代谢相关的亚型
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S483577
Maolin Hou, Jinghua Chen, Le Yang, Lei Qin, Jie Liu, Haibo Zhao, Yujin Guo, Qing-Qing Yu, Qiujie Zhang

Introduction: Gastric cancer, the fifth most common malignant tumor in the world, poses a serious threat to human health. However, the role of fatty acid metabolism (FAM) in gastric cancer remains incompletely understood. We aim to provide guidance for clinical decisions by utilizing public database of gastric adenocarcinoma to establish an FAM-related gene subtypes via machine learning algorithm.

Methods: The intersection of FMGs from KEGG, Hallmark, and Reactome bioinformatics databases and the DEGs of the TCGA-STAD cohort was used to decompose the gene matrix related to establish FAM-related gene subtypes by NMF. Comparison of immune infiltrating differences between subtypes using ESTIMATE and Cibersort algorithms. The multifactor Cox regression to identify independent risk genes for patient prognosis based on the subtypes. A prognostic model including independent risk genes was built using random survival forest and Cox regression. IHC validation in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues confirmed the above gene expression level.

Results: 71 DEGs related to FMGs of STAD were identified, which was used to established the FAM-related gene subtypes, C1 and C2. The immune infiltrating analysis showed that most immune features of C2 were significantly upregulated compared to C1. The independent risk genes were CGβ8, UPK1B, and OR51G based on the subtypes. A gastric cancer prognostic model consisting of independent risk genes was constructed and patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups with survival differential analysis. Finally, IHC showed that CGβ8 and UPK1B expression were upregulated in gastric cancer, while OR51G2 did not detect differences in expression.

Conclusion: The study developed a machine learning-based gastric cancer prognosis risk model using FMGs. This model effectively stratifies patients according to their risk levels and provides valuable insights for clinical decision-making, enabling accurate evaluation of patient prognosis.

简介胃癌是全球第五大常见恶性肿瘤,对人类健康构成严重威胁。然而,人们对脂肪酸代谢(FAM)在胃癌中的作用仍不甚了解。我们旨在利用胃腺癌公共数据库,通过机器学习算法建立 FAM 相关基因亚型,为临床决策提供指导:方法:利用KEGG、Hallmark和Reactome生物信息学数据库中的FMGs与TCGA-STAD队列中的DEGs的交叉,分解相关基因矩阵,通过NMF建立FAM相关基因亚型。使用ESTIMATE和Cibersort算法比较亚型间免疫浸润的差异。基于亚型的多因素 Cox 回归确定患者预后的独立风险基因。利用随机生存森林和 Cox 回归建立了包括独立风险基因的预后模型。胃癌及邻近组织的 IHC 验证证实了上述基因的表达水平:结果:发现了 71 个与 STAD 的 FMGs 相关的 DEGs,并据此建立了 FAM 相关基因亚型 C1 和 C2。免疫浸润分析表明,与 C1 相比,C2 的大多数免疫特征明显上调。根据亚型,独立风险基因为 CGβ8、UPK1B 和 OR51G。构建了由独立风险基因组成的胃癌预后模型,并通过生存差异分析将患者分为高危和低危两组。最后,IHC显示CGβ8和UPK1B在胃癌中表达上调,而OR51G2未检测到表达差异:该研究利用FMGs开发了一种基于机器学习的胃癌预后风险模型。结论:该研究利用 FMGs 建立了基于机器学习的胃癌预后风险模型,该模型可根据风险水平对患者进行有效分层,为临床决策提供有价值的见解,从而准确评估患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Clinicopathological Factors and Nomogram Construction for Lymph Node Metastasis in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer. 局部晚期胃癌淋巴结转移的临床病理因素与下位图构建
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S487247
Zhiyuan Yu, Haopeng Liu, Rui Li, Liai Hu, Chun Xiao, Yunhe Gao, Peiyu Li, Wenquan Liang, Sixin Zhou, Xudong Zhao

Background: The research on lymph node metastasis (LNM) in locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) infiltrating the subserous tissue and serous membrane (T3-4a) is significantly inadequate. This study aims to explore the clinicopathological factors related to LNM in stages T3 and T4a LAGC, while also developing predictive nomograms.

Methods: After systematic searching and rigorous screening, 1995 T3 and 1244 T4a LAGC cases who underwent surgery without neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy were selected. The risk factors associated with LNM were identified using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subsequently, the independent variables identified through the multivariate analyses were utilized to construct a nomogram.

Results: The incidence of LNM in T3 and T4a LAGC was 77.1% (1539/1995) and 83.8% (1043/1244), respectively. The following factors were found to be independently associated with LNM in T3 LAGC: preoperative serum albumin <41g/L (P=0.007), gastrointestinal obstruction (P<0.001), tumor location (P=0.040), tumor size >4cm (P=0.002), mixed (P=0.001) and undifferentiated histological types (P=0.002), presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P<0.001) and nerve invasion (P<0.001). Additionally, in T4a LAGC cases, serum albumin < 39g/L (P=0.004), tumor size >6cm (P=0.020), mixed (P<0.001) and undifferentiated histological types (P<0.001), presence of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (P=0.016), neuroendocrine differentiation (P=0.024), and LVI (P<0.001) independently influenced the occurrence of LNM.

Conclusion: This study identified the risk factors associated with LNM in T3-4a LAGC cases and constructed nomograms, thereby providing valuable guidance for formulating and implementing a multidisciplinary perioperative treatment program.

背景:对浸润浆膜下组织和浆膜的局部晚期胃癌(LAGC)(T3-4a)淋巴结转移(LNM)的研究明显不足。本研究旨在探讨与T3和T4a期LAGC淋巴结转移相关的临床病理因素,同时建立预测性提名图:方法:经过系统检索和严格筛选,选取了1995例T3期和1244例T4a期LAGC病例,这些病例均接受了手术治疗,未进行新辅助或围手术期化疗。通过单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析确定了与LNM相关的风险因素。随后,利用多变量分析确定的独立变量构建了一个提名图:T3和T4a LAGC中LNM的发生率分别为77.1%(1539/1995)和83.8%(1043/1244)。研究发现,以下因素与T3 LAGC中的LNM独立相关:术前血清白蛋白4cm(P=0.002)、混合型(P=0.001)和未分化组织学类型(P=0.002)、存在淋巴管侵犯(LVI)(P6cm(P=0.020)、混合型(PConclusion):本研究确定了T3-4a LAGC病例中与LNM相关的风险因素,并构建了提名图,从而为制定和实施多学科围手术期治疗方案提供了有价值的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and Laparoscopy-Assisted Total Gastrectomy on Short-Term Outcomes, Inflammatory Response Markers, and Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Gastric Cancer Patients. 比较全腹腔镜全胃切除术和腹腔镜辅助全胃切除术对胃癌患者短期疗效、炎症反应标志物以及葡萄糖和血脂代谢的影响。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S479025
Jun Du, Zijie An, Kun Zhu

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) versus laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) in gastric cancer (GC) treatment, as well as their effects on postoperative inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolic status.

Methods: Clinical data of 68 individuals with GC who underwent LATG (n=31) and TLTG (n=37) from January 2020 to December 2022 were procured. This included intraoperative blood loss, operative time, incision length, number of lymph nodes dissected, postoperative complication rates, and recovery indicators, such as inflammation, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism.

Results: The TLTG cohort demonstrated significant advantages in intraoperative blood loss, operative time, and incision length compared to the LATG cohort. Furthermore, TLTG was superior in reducing the incidence of complications. Nevertheless, no substantial variation was observed in the quantity of lymph nodes dissected. Additionally, TLTG showed benefits in postoperative recovery, including better control of the inflammatory response, reduction of complication risks, shorter hospital stay, and alleviation of postoperative pain. TLTG also exhibited a reduced impact on inflammation and demonstrated greater effectiveness in improving postoperative glucose and lipid levels.

Conclusion: TLTG surgery is associated with superior clinical outcomes in the treatment of GC compared to LATG, particularly in reducing surgical trauma and accelerating postoperative recovery. Furthermore, TLTG facilitates the resolution of postoperative inflammatory responses and the amelioration of metabolic disorders. The findings from this investigation advocate for the broader adoption of TLTG in the surgical treatment of GC.

目的研究全腹腔镜全胃切除术(TLTG)与腹腔镜辅助全胃切除术(LATG)在胃癌(GC)治疗中的疗效,以及它们对术后炎症、血糖和血脂代谢状态的影响:方法: 收集了2020年1月至2022年12月期间接受LATG(31人)和TLTG(37人)手术的68名GC患者的临床数据。这些数据包括术中失血量、手术时间、切口长度、淋巴结清扫数量、术后并发症发生率以及炎症、糖代谢和脂质代谢等恢复指标:结果:与 LATG 组群相比,TLTG 组群在术中失血量、手术时间和切口长度方面具有显著优势。此外,TLTG 在降低并发症发生率方面也更胜一筹。不过,在淋巴结清扫数量方面没有观察到实质性差异。此外,TLTG 对术后恢复也有好处,包括更好地控制炎症反应、降低并发症风险、缩短住院时间和减轻术后疼痛。TLTG 对炎症的影响也有所减轻,在改善术后血糖和血脂水平方面也更有效:结论:与 LATG 相比,TLTG 手术在治疗 GC 方面具有更佳的临床效果,尤其是在减少手术创伤和加快术后恢复方面。此外,TLTG 还有助于消除术后炎症反应和改善代谢紊乱。这项研究结果主张在 GC 的手术治疗中更广泛地采用 TLTG。
{"title":"Comparison of Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and Laparoscopy-Assisted Total Gastrectomy on Short-Term Outcomes, Inflammatory Response Markers, and Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Gastric Cancer Patients.","authors":"Jun Du, Zijie An, Kun Zhu","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S479025","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S479025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) versus laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) in gastric cancer (GC) treatment, as well as their effects on postoperative inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolic status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data of 68 individuals with GC who underwent LATG (n=31) and TLTG (n=37) from January 2020 to December 2022 were procured. This included intraoperative blood loss, operative time, incision length, number of lymph nodes dissected, postoperative complication rates, and recovery indicators, such as inflammation, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TLTG cohort demonstrated significant advantages in intraoperative blood loss, operative time, and incision length compared to the LATG cohort. Furthermore, TLTG was superior in reducing the incidence of complications. Nevertheless, no substantial variation was observed in the quantity of lymph nodes dissected. Additionally, TLTG showed benefits in postoperative recovery, including better control of the inflammatory response, reduction of complication risks, shorter hospital stay, and alleviation of postoperative pain. TLTG also exhibited a reduced impact on inflammation and demonstrated greater effectiveness in improving postoperative glucose and lipid levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TLTG surgery is associated with superior clinical outcomes in the treatment of GC compared to LATG, particularly in reducing surgical trauma and accelerating postoperative recovery. Furthermore, TLTG facilitates the resolution of postoperative inflammatory responses and the amelioration of metabolic disorders. The findings from this investigation advocate for the broader adoption of TLTG in the surgical treatment of GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"16 ","pages":"1435-1443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sequential Autologous CIK/NK Cells Combined with Chemotherapy to Induce Long-Term Tumor Control in Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Case Report. 序贯自体 CIK/NK 细胞联合化疗诱导晚期直肠癌肿瘤长期控制:病例报告。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S482306
Ji Yang, Zhenyu Ding, Ying Yu, Junde Liu, Shuang Song, Zhendong Zheng, Huiying Yu

Objective: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy. In addition to comprehensive cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the adoptive immune cell therapy (ACT) has played an increasingly important role in recent years, and the adaptive transfusion of autologous NK cells and CIK cells is a brand-new approach to cellular therapy for solid tumors.

Case presentation: A 57-year-old man underwent a radical resection of microsatellite stable (MSS) rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases. After surgery of the primary lesion surgery, he was treated with autologous CIK/NK cells combined with XELOX translational therapy. Each cycle can obtain over 10 × 109 CIK cells or over 6 × 109 NK cells combined chemotherapy of XELOX every 3 weeks. After 2 cycles of therapy, he achieved partial response (PR). He immediately underwent a hepatic metastasis resection. After surgery, the patient continued to receive autologous CIK/NK cells in combined with 4 cycles of XELOX. To date, he has achieved and maintained no evidence of disease (NED) for over 40 months.

Conclusion: This is a case of successful treatment of rectal cancer with liver metastasis using ACT in conjunction with first-line chemotherapy. The advantage of this treatment plan is that it has few side effects and achieves long-term control of tumor recurrence by improving the patient's immune function. However, its responsiveness and benefit rate still need further investigation.

目的:结直肠癌(CRC)是第三大常见恶性肿瘤。除了手术、化疗和放疗等癌症综合治疗方法外,近年来,免疫细胞收养疗法(ACT)发挥着越来越重要的作用,自体 NK 细胞和 CIK 细胞的适应性输注是细胞治疗实体瘤的一种全新方法:一名 57 岁的男性接受了微卫星稳定型(MSS)直肠癌根治性切除术,并伴有肝脏同步转移。原发灶手术后,他接受了自体 CIK/NK 细胞联合 XELOX 转化疗法治疗。每3周一次,每个周期可获得超过10×109个CIK细胞或超过6×109个NK细胞的XELOX联合化疗。经过两个周期的治疗,他获得了部分反应(PR)。他立即接受了肝转移灶切除术。术后,患者继续接受自体 CIK/NK 细胞联合 4 个周期的 XELOX 治疗。迄今为止,他已实现并保持无疾病证据(NED)超过 40 个月:这是一例使用 ACT 联合一线化疗成功治疗直肠癌肝转移的病例。该治疗方案的优点是副作用小,并能通过改善患者的免疫功能长期控制肿瘤复发。然而,其反应性和获益率仍需进一步研究。
{"title":"Sequential Autologous CIK/NK Cells Combined with Chemotherapy to Induce Long-Term Tumor Control in Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Case Report.","authors":"Ji Yang, Zhenyu Ding, Ying Yu, Junde Liu, Shuang Song, Zhendong Zheng, Huiying Yu","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S482306","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S482306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy. In addition to comprehensive cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the adoptive immune cell therapy (ACT) has played an increasingly important role in recent years, and the adaptive transfusion of autologous NK cells and CIK cells is a brand-new approach to cellular therapy for solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 57-year-old man underwent a radical resection of microsatellite stable (MSS) rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases. After surgery of the primary lesion surgery, he was treated with autologous CIK/NK cells combined with XELOX translational therapy. Each cycle can obtain over 10 × 10<sup>9</sup> CIK cells or over 6 × 10<sup>9</sup> NK cells combined chemotherapy of XELOX every 3 weeks. After 2 cycles of therapy, he achieved partial response (PR). He immediately underwent a hepatic metastasis resection. After surgery, the patient continued to receive autologous CIK/NK cells in combined with 4 cycles of XELOX. To date, he has achieved and maintained no evidence of disease (NED) for over 40 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is a case of successful treatment of rectal cancer with liver metastasis using ACT in conjunction with first-line chemotherapy. The advantage of this treatment plan is that it has few side effects and achieves long-term control of tumor recurrence by improving the patient's immune function. However, its responsiveness and benefit rate still need further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"16 ","pages":"1425-1433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11490250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Series Analysis of Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Metastasis in Lung Cancer Patients. 肺癌患者胃肠道转移的诊断和治疗病例系列分析
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S483786
Shanying Liao, Chao Liu, Beibei Wang, Linlin Huang, Zhongwen Zheng, Jin Kang

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the clinical, pathological, endoscopic, and imaging characteristics of gastrointestinal metastasis in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: The clinical data of 20 patients with primary lung cancer with gastrointestinal metastasis.

Results: This study included sixteen men and four women, ranging in age from 31 to 75 years. The time interval from the diagnosis of lung cancer to the detection of gastrointestinal metastasis ranged from 13 to 142 months. The most common sites of metastasis were the small intestine (eight cases), colon (four cases), and upper gastrointestinal tract (eight cases). The major symptoms included obstruction, perforation, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, anorexia, and anemia. The predominant pathological type was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (seventeen cases). A single ulcer was mostly seen on endoscopy, and some cases showed a slight depression of the intestinal wall. The CT and PET-CT scan revealed bowel wall thickening, intraluminal polypoid masses, and intestinal perforation.

Conclusion: Gastrointestinal metastasis of lung cancer is mainly observed in the small intestine, colon, and stomach, and is often detected when severe complications such as gastrointestinal obstruction and perforation occurred. Regular evaluation of gastrointestinal conditions during lung cancer diagnosis and treatment is recommended to improve the diagnostic accuracy and prevent misdiagnosis.

研究目的本研究旨在探讨肺癌患者胃肠道转移的临床、病理、内镜和影像学特征:20例原发性肺癌胃肠道转移患者的临床资料:研究对象包括16名男性和4名女性,年龄从31岁到75岁不等。从确诊肺癌到发现胃肠道转移灶的时间间隔从13个月到142个月不等。最常见的转移部位是小肠(8 例)、结肠(4 例)和上消化道(8 例)。主要症状包括梗阻、穿孔、腹痛、腹胀、厌食和贫血。主要病理类型为分化不良的腺癌(17 例)。内镜检查多见单发溃疡,部分病例可见肠壁轻微凹陷。CT和PET-CT扫描显示肠壁增厚、肠腔内息肉样肿块和肠穿孔:结论:肺癌的胃肠道转移主要发生在小肠、结肠和胃,往往在出现胃肠道梗阻和穿孔等严重并发症时才被发现。建议在肺癌诊断和治疗过程中定期评估胃肠道情况,以提高诊断准确性,防止误诊。
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引用次数: 0
ctDNA SNORD3F Hypermethylation is a Prognostic Indicator in EGFR-TKI-Treated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. ctDNA的SNORD3F高甲基化是表皮生长因子受体-TKI治疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌的预后指标。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S474241
Bin Liu, Bingtian Zhao, Yan Yin, Yan Jiang, Xue Feng, Lei Wang, Liang Zhai, Guangxin Liu, Dongsheng Shi, Jianwen Qin

Purpose: DNA methylation plays a regulatory role in the oncogenesis and tumor progression and is valuable in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. While circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is widely used in the detection of oncogenic mutations and the guidance of treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), studies of ctDNA methylation remains insufficient. We aim to investigate the methylation profiles of ctDNA in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy and to discover novel biomarkers with predictive or prognostic value.

Patients and methods: We recruited 49 patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC undergoing EGFR-TKI as first-line treatment. Utilizing next-generation sequencing, we examined the somatic mutations and methylation signatures within the tumor-associated genomic regions of ctDNA from pre-treatment blood. Subsequently, we explored the association of these molecular features with the patients' response to therapy and their progression-free survival (PFS).

Results: Genomic mutation profiling revealed no significant association of PFS or best overall response (BOR) and ctDNA status. Evaluation of ctDNA methylation showed a negative correlation between the methylation of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) genes and PFS (R=-0.31, P=0.043). Furthermore, high-level methylation of SNORD3F was associated with poorer PFS (mPFS 346d vs 243d, HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.93, P=0.029).

Conclusion: Our study explored the prognostic value of ctDNA methylation in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing targeted therapies and first revealed the predictive role of SNORD3F.

目的:DNA甲基化在肿瘤发生和发展过程中起着调控作用,对癌症的诊断和预后有重要价值。尽管循环肿瘤 DNA(ctDNA)被广泛用于晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)致癌突变的检测和治疗指导,但对ctDNA甲基化的研究仍然不足。我们旨在研究接受表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗的晚期NSCLC患者的ctDNA甲基化谱,并发现具有预测或预后价值的新型生物标志物:我们招募了49名接受表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)一线治疗的表皮生长因子受体突变晚期NSCLC患者。利用新一代测序技术,我们检测了治疗前血液ctDNA中肿瘤相关基因组区域的体细胞突变和甲基化特征。随后,我们探讨了这些分子特征与患者治疗反应及其无进展生存期(PFS)之间的关联:结果:基因组突变分析表明,无进展生存期或最佳总反应(BOR)与ctDNA状态无明显关联。对ctDNA甲基化的评估显示,小核RNA(snoRNA)基因的甲基化与PFS呈负相关(R=-0.31,P=0.043)。此外,SNORD3F的高水平甲基化与较差的PFS相关(mPFS 346d vs 243d,HR 0.49,95% CI 0.24-0.93,P=0.029):我们的研究探讨了接受靶向治疗的晚期NSCLC患者ctDNA甲基化的预后价值,并首次揭示了SNORD3F的预测作用。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Complexity of Colorectal Cancer: Pathways, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Strategies. 结直肠癌的分子复杂性:途径、生物标记物和治疗策略》。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S481656
Zhengdong Yang, Xinyang Wang, Huiying Zhou, Minghan Jiang, Jinghui Wang, Bowen Sui

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a diverse disease entity and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. CRC results from the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. This heterogeneity of CRC underscores the significance of understanding its molecular landscape, as variations in tumor genetics can greatly influence both patient prognosis and therapeutic response. The molecular complexity of CRC is defined by three major carcinogenesis pathways: chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite instability (MSI), and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). These pathways contribute to the onset and progression of CRC through mutations, epigenetic modifications, and dysregulated cellular signalling networks. The heterogeneous nature of CRC continues to pose challenges in identifying universally effective treatments, highlighting the need for personalized approaches. Hence, the present review aims at unravelling the molecular complexity of CRC that is essential for improving diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment. We detail on the current understanding of the molecular framework of CRC, central signalling pathways of CRC associated with its initiation to a malignant phenotype, further invasion, progression, metastases, and response to therapy. Continued research into CRC's pathways and biomarkers will pave the way for the development of more precise and effective therapeutic strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

结直肠癌(CRC)是一种多种多样的疾病,也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。CRC 是多种基因和表观遗传学改变累积的结果。CRC 的这种异质性强调了了解其分子结构的重要性,因为肿瘤遗传学的变化会极大地影响患者的预后和治疗反应。CRC 的分子复杂性由三个主要的致癌途径决定:染色体不稳定性 (CIN)、微卫星不稳定性 (MSI) 和 CpG 岛甲基化表型 (CIMP)。这些途径通过突变、表观遗传修饰和失调的细胞信号网络导致 CRC 的发生和发展。CRC 的异质性继续给确定普遍有效的治疗方法带来挑战,突出了对个性化方法的需求。因此,本综述旨在揭示 CRC 分子的复杂性,这对改善诊断、预后和治疗至关重要。我们详细介绍了目前对 CRC 分子框架的理解,以及与 CRC 开始恶性表型、进一步侵袭、进展、转移和对治疗的反应相关的 CRC 中心信号通路。对 CRC 通路和生物标志物的持续研究将为开发更精确、更有效的治疗策略铺平道路,最终改善患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the Recurrence of Ovarian Cancer Based on Machine Learning. 基于机器学习预测卵巢癌复发
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S482837
Lining Zhou, Hong Hong, Fuying Chu, Xiang Chen, Chenlu Wang

Background: Recurrence is the main factor for poor prognosis in ovarian cancer, but few prognostic biomarkers were reported. In this study, we used machine learning methods based on multiple biomarkers to develop a specific prediction model for the recurrence of ovarian cancer.

Methods: A total of 277 ovarian cancer patients were enrolled in this study and randomly classified into training and testing cohorts. The prediction information was obtained through 47 clinical parameters using six supervised clustering machine learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost).

Results: In predicting the recurrence of ovarian cancer, machine learning algorithm was superior to conventional logistic regression analysis. In this study, XGBoost showed the best performance in predicting the recurrence of ovarian cancer, with an accuracy of 0.95. In addition, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Monocyte ratio (MONO%), Hematocrit (HCT), Prealbumin (PAB), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) are the most important biomarkers to predict the recurrence of ovarian cancer.

Conclusion: The machine learning techniques can achieve a more accurate assessment of the recurrence of ovarian cancer, which can help clinicians make decisions, and develop personalized treatment strategies.

背景:复发是卵巢癌预后不良的主要因素,但很少有关于预后生物标志物的报道。在这项研究中,我们使用基于多种生物标志物的机器学习方法,建立了一个特定的卵巢癌复发预测模型:方法:本研究共纳入了 277 名卵巢癌患者,并将其随机分为训练组和测试组。利用六种监督聚类机器学习算法,包括K-近邻(K-NN)、决策树(DT)、随机森林(RF)、自适应提升(AdaBoost)、梯度提升机(GBM)和极端梯度提升(XGBoost),通过47个临床参数获得预测信息:在预测卵巢癌复发方面,机器学习算法优于传统的逻辑回归分析。在这项研究中,XGBoost 在预测卵巢癌复发方面表现最佳,准确率达到 0.95。此外,新辅助化疗、单核细胞比率(MONO%)、血细胞比容(HCT)、前白蛋白(PAB)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和碳水化合物抗原125(CA125)是预测卵巢癌复发最重要的生物标志物:机器学习技术可以更准确地评估卵巢癌的复发情况,从而帮助临床医生做出决策,并制定个性化的治疗策略。
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Cancer Management and Research
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