Pub Date : 2024-09-27eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S478179
Filip Świątkowski, Jakub Lambrinow, Tomasz Górnicki, Marta Jurga, Mariusz Chabowski
Introduction: Due to the increasing number of cases and the levels of mortality, colorectal cancer is still a major health problem. Therefore, the growing interest in the quality of life of patients and the assessment of the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer seems to be particularly important. The aim of the study was to investigate and determine factors that have a significant impact on the QoL of patients who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer that was surgically treated in the Surgical Department of the 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw.
Methods: 102 respondents were enrolled into the study. The QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR29 as well as an original questionnaire regarding the socioeconomic factors were used for the assessment. The information was supplemented with patients' clinical data.
Results: According to the QLQ-C30 questionnaire the average QoL of the respondents was 55%. Factors such as male gender, younger age, higher BMI, no significant weight loss, living with family, lower level of education and being professionally active have significant positive impact on QoL. In contrary, patients with more advanced and malignant cancer with tumor located in the right half of the colon had worse QoL. The particular domains of QoL influenced by these factors were also identified. Determining these factors will allow for more effective treatment, for the shortening of the hospitalization and finally for the reduction of the costs.
Conclusion: The better QoL of the patients with colorectal cancer treated surgically showed younger men, living with family and with the support from close people, professionally active, with primary level of education, and without significant weight loss, ie less than 5% of body weight in the last 6 months. Moreover, patients with cancer located in the left colon, at a lower stage, with a lower grading demonstrated a better QoL.
导言：由于患病人数和死亡率不断增加，大肠癌仍然是一个重大的健康问题。因此，人们对患者生活质量的关注与日俱增，对结直肠癌患者生活质量的评估显得尤为重要。本研究旨在调查并确定对弗罗茨瓦夫第四军事临床医院外科手术治疗的结直肠癌患者生活质量有重大影响的因素。评估使用了 QLQ-C30、QLQ-CR29 以及有关社会经济因素的原始问卷。患者的临床数据对这些信息进行了补充：根据 QLQ-C30 问卷，受访者的平均 QoL 为 55%。性别为男性、年龄较小、体重指数（BMI）较高、体重无明显减轻、与家人同住、教育程度较低和从事职业活动等因素对 QoL 有显著的积极影响。相反，肿瘤位于结肠右半部的晚期恶性肿瘤患者的 QoL 较差。此外，还确定了受这些因素影响的特定 QoL 领域。确定这些因素将有助于更有效的治疗，缩短住院时间，最终降低费用：通过手术治疗的结直肠癌患者的生活质量较好，这表明这些患者都是年轻男性，与家人生活在一起并得到亲朋好友的支持，从事职业活动，受过初等教育，体重没有明显下降，即在过去 6 个月中体重下降少于 5%。此外，癌症位于左侧结肠、分期较短、分级较低的患者的生活质量也较高。
{"title":"The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors and Clinical Aspects on the Quality of Life of Surgically Treated Patients with Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Filip Świątkowski, Jakub Lambrinow, Tomasz Górnicki, Marta Jurga, Mariusz Chabowski","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S478179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S478179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Due to the increasing number of cases and the levels of mortality, colorectal cancer is still a major health problem. Therefore, the growing interest in the quality of life of patients and the assessment of the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer seems to be particularly important. The aim of the study was to investigate and determine factors that have a significant impact on the QoL of patients who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer that was surgically treated in the Surgical Department of the 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>102 respondents were enrolled into the study. The QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR29 as well as an original questionnaire regarding the socioeconomic factors were used for the assessment. The information was supplemented with patients' clinical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the QLQ-C30 questionnaire the average QoL of the respondents was 55%. Factors such as male gender, younger age, higher BMI, no significant weight loss, living with family, lower level of education and being professionally active have significant positive impact on QoL. In contrary, patients with more advanced and malignant cancer with tumor located in the right half of the colon had worse QoL. The particular domains of QoL influenced by these factors were also identified. Determining these factors will allow for more effective treatment, for the shortening of the hospitalization and finally for the reduction of the costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The better QoL of the patients with colorectal cancer treated surgically showed younger men, living with family and with the support from close people, professionally active, with primary level of education, and without significant weight loss, ie less than 5% of body weight in the last 6 months. Moreover, patients with cancer located in the left colon, at a lower stage, with a lower grading demonstrated a better QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S464797
Yu Yang, Jingyi Zhang, Jianhua Wang
Papillary thyroid and medullary thyroid cancers are two distinct types of thyroid neoplasms. Co-occurrence of these cancers is rare, especially in mixed tumours with lymph node metastases. A 66-year-old man presented with a thyroid tumour. Thyroid ultrasonography revealed three separate nodules in the thyroid, suspected to be associated with lymph node metastasis. Although preoperative thyroid function was normal, calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated. The patient underwent a total cervical thyroidectomy with bilateral radical dissection. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses identified mixed medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma (MMPTC) in the nodules in the left lobe of the thyroid and the isthmus. Mixed metastatic spread was observed in several lymph nodes from the neck dissection specimen. Accurate diagnosis of the rare co-occurrences of papillary and medullary thyroid carcinomas is crucial. TSH suppression can be effective for treating papillary thyroid carcinoma, whereas radical surgery is the preferred treatment for medullary thyroid carcinoma. Identifying lymph node metastasis before surgery is a key surgical strategy.
{"title":"Mixed Medullary-Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Mixed Lymph Node Metastases: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Yu Yang, Jingyi Zhang, Jianhua Wang","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S464797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S464797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Papillary thyroid and medullary thyroid cancers are two distinct types of thyroid neoplasms. Co-occurrence of these cancers is rare, especially in mixed tumours with lymph node metastases. A 66-year-old man presented with a thyroid tumour. Thyroid ultrasonography revealed three separate nodules in the thyroid, suspected to be associated with lymph node metastasis. Although preoperative thyroid function was normal, calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated. The patient underwent a total cervical thyroidectomy with bilateral radical dissection. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses identified mixed medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma (MMPTC) in the nodules in the left lobe of the thyroid and the isthmus. Mixed metastatic spread was observed in several lymph nodes from the neck dissection specimen. Accurate diagnosis of the rare co-occurrences of papillary and medullary thyroid carcinomas is crucial. TSH suppression can be effective for treating papillary thyroid carcinoma, whereas radical surgery is the preferred treatment for medullary thyroid carcinoma. Identifying lymph node metastasis before surgery is a key surgical strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bicky Thapa, Navonil De Sarkar, Subhajit Giri, Komal Sharma, Mingee Kim, Deepak Kilari
Abstract: Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with poor prognosis. DNA damage response (DDR) genes are commonly altered in mCRPC rendering them as promising therapeutic targets. Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) demonstrated antitumor activity in mCRPC patients with DDR gene mutations through synthetic lethality. Multiple clinical trials with PARPi monotherapy exhibited encouraging clinical outcomes in selected patients with mCRPC. More recently, three Phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) combining PARPi with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) demonstrated improved antitumor activity compared to ARSI monotherapy in mCRPC patients as the first-line therapy. Clinical benefit was more pronounced in patients harboring DDR alterations, specifically BRCA1/2. Interestingly, antitumor activity was also observed irrespective of DDR gene mutations, highlighting BRCAness phenotype with androgen receptor blockade resulting in synergistic activity between ARSIs and PARPi. In this review, we discuss the clinical efficacy and safety data of the combination of PARPi plus ARSI in all Phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), emphasizing strategies for patient selection and highlighting emerging trends based on clinical trial data.
{"title":"Integrating PARP Inhibitors in mCRPC Therapy: Current Strategies and Emerging Trends","authors":"Bicky Thapa, Navonil De Sarkar, Subhajit Giri, Komal Sharma, Mingee Kim, Deepak Kilari","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s411023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s411023","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with poor prognosis. DNA damage response (DDR) genes are commonly altered in mCRPC rendering them as promising therapeutic targets. Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) demonstrated antitumor activity in mCRPC patients with DDR gene mutations through synthetic lethality. Multiple clinical trials with PARPi monotherapy exhibited encouraging clinical outcomes in selected patients with mCRPC. More recently, three Phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) combining PARPi with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) demonstrated improved antitumor activity compared to ARSI monotherapy in mCRPC patients as the first-line therapy. Clinical benefit was more pronounced in patients harboring DDR alterations, specifically <em>BRCA1/2</em>. Interestingly, antitumor activity was also observed irrespective of DDR gene mutations, highlighting BRCAness phenotype with androgen receptor blockade resulting in synergistic activity between ARSIs and PARPi. In this review, we discuss the clinical efficacy and safety data of the combination of PARPi plus ARSI in all Phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), emphasizing strategies for patient selection and highlighting emerging trends based on clinical trial data.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> PARP inhibitors, talazoparib, ARSI, DDR genes, HRD, metastatic CRPC<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To construct a free and accurate breast cancer mortality prediction tool by incorporating lifestyle factors, aiming to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, we utilized a ten-year follow-up dataset of female breast cancer patients from a major Chinese hospital and included 1,390 female breast cancer patients with a 7% (96) mortality rate. We employed six machine learning algorithms (ridge regression, k-nearest neighbors, neural network, random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting) to construct a mortality prediction model for breast cancer. Results: This model incorporated significant lifestyle factors, such as postsurgery sexual activity, use of totally implantable venous access ports, and prosthetic breast wear, which were identified as independent protective factors. Meanwhile, ten-fold cross-validation demonstrated the superiority of the random forest model (average AUC = 0.918; 1-year AUC = 0.914, 2-year AUC = 0.867, 3-year AUC = 0.883). External validation further supported the model’s robustness (average AUC = 0.782; 1-year AUC = 0.809, 2-year AUC = 0.785, 3-year AUC = 0.893). Additionally, a free and user-friendly web tool was developed using the Shiny framework to facilitate easy access to the model. Conclusion: Our breast cancer mortality prediction model is free and accurate, providing healthcare professionals with valuable information to support their clinical decisions and potentially promoting healthier lifestyles for breast cancer patients.
Keywords: breast cancer, machine learning, predict model, mortality, lifestyle, SHAP
{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Mortality in Female Breast Cancer Patients Considering Lifestyle Factors","authors":"Meixin Zhen, Haibing Chen, Qing Lu, Hui Li, Huang Yan, Ling Wang","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s460811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s460811","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> To construct a free and accurate breast cancer mortality prediction tool by incorporating lifestyle factors, aiming to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> In this retrospective study, we utilized a ten-year follow-up dataset of female breast cancer patients from a major Chinese hospital and included 1,390 female breast cancer patients with a 7% (96) mortality rate. We employed six machine learning algorithms (ridge regression, k-nearest neighbors, neural network, random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting) to construct a mortality prediction model for breast cancer.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> This model incorporated significant lifestyle factors, such as postsurgery sexual activity, use of totally implantable venous access ports, and prosthetic breast wear, which were identified as independent protective factors. Meanwhile, ten-fold cross-validation demonstrated the superiority of the random forest model (average AUC = 0.918; 1-year AUC = 0.914, 2-year AUC = 0.867, 3-year AUC = 0.883). External validation further supported the model’s robustness (average AUC = 0.782; 1-year AUC = 0.809, 2-year AUC = 0.785, 3-year AUC = 0.893). Additionally, a free and user-friendly web tool was developed using the Shiny framework to facilitate easy access to the model.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our breast cancer mortality prediction model is free and accurate, providing healthcare professionals with valuable information to support their clinical decisions and potentially promoting healthier lifestyles for breast cancer patients.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> breast cancer, machine learning, predict model, mortality, lifestyle, SHAP<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The prognosis of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor despite the addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as it has been shown to improve 5-year absolute benefit survival by only 5%. Recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), combined with chemotherapy has shown promise in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC. For NSCLC invading the main bronchus, sleeve resection has become the preferred modality to avoid pneumonectomy and reserve more cardiac or pulmonary function and to reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, there has been a paucity of evidence to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy on bronchial-vascular reconstruction owing to the limited number of patients treated by sleeve lobectomy. Despite promising initial results, key knowledge gaps remain, including the impact on bronchial-vascular reconstruction, biomarkers predictive of ICI response, and the potential for specific perioperative complications associated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in the context of sleeve resection. This review summarizes the latest literature evidence on the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy approaches to address the unmet needs of sleeve resection of NSCLC treatment, describes the biomarkers predictive of ICI responses, and perioperative outcomes of sleeve resection after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.
{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy versus Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Sleeve Resection","authors":"Yanjun Qiu, Jinjiang Yu, Quanmin Guo, Jingyan Xu","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s453924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s453924","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> The prognosis of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor despite the addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as it has been shown to improve 5-year absolute benefit survival by only 5%. Recently, neoadjuvant immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), combined with chemotherapy has shown promise in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC. For NSCLC invading the main bronchus, sleeve resection has become the preferred modality to avoid pneumonectomy and reserve more cardiac or pulmonary function and to reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, there has been a paucity of evidence to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy on bronchial-vascular reconstruction owing to the limited number of patients treated by sleeve lobectomy. Despite promising initial results, key knowledge gaps remain, including the impact on bronchial-vascular reconstruction, biomarkers predictive of ICI response, and the potential for specific perioperative complications associated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in the context of sleeve resection. This review summarizes the latest literature evidence on the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy approaches to address the unmet needs of sleeve resection of NSCLC treatment, describes the biomarkers predictive of ICI responses, and perioperative outcomes of sleeve resection after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> NSCLC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, sleeve lobectomy<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Primary breast Burkitt lymphoma (PB-BL) is an exceedingly rare form of primary breast lymphoma. Ultrasonography is the preferred modality for diagnosing breast diseases; however, the ultrasonic features of Burkitt lymphoma have rarely been reported. Herein, we report a case of ultrasonically diagnosed bilateral PB-BL in a lactating patient and present a literature review. A 28-year-old female patient experienced bilateral breast engorgement starting more than a month after childbirth. At three months postpartum, the patient experienced extreme bilateral breast engorgement, with the skin appearing dark purple and jaundiced. Based on the imaging diagnosis, pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biological findings, she was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma involves bilateral breasts, right adrenal glands, uterus, and multiple bones. After 4 cycles of combination chemotherapy, the tumor basically disappeared, and then after autologous stem cell transplantation and one cycle of combination chemotherapy, the patient is generally in good condition and is under follow-up. We found that the ultrasonic characteristics of PB-BL are different from those of common breast cancer or lactation mastitis. PB-BL lesions are often multiple, large masses, and even involve the whole breast. The characteristic reticular structures are common in lesions, and irregular hyperechoic masses can be seen around it. The mass has abundant peripheral and internal blood flow signals, but internal calcification and attenuated posterior echoes of masses are rarely observed. Thus, the ultrasonic features of breast Burkitt lymphoma are somewhat specific and understanding these features is conducive to its early identification.
Keywords: Burkitt lymphoma, ultrasonography, case report
{"title":"Ultrasound Diagnosis of Bilateral Primary Breast Burkitt Lymphoma in a 28-Year-Old Lactating Patient: A Case Report","authors":"Qiu-Xia Jiang, Li-Jing Shi, Xiu-Yang Hong, Yu-Qin Zhu, Qiu-Ling Guo, Wen Xie, Guo-Rong Lyu","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s483592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s483592","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Primary breast Burkitt lymphoma (PB-BL) is an exceedingly rare form of primary breast lymphoma. Ultrasonography is the preferred modality for diagnosing breast diseases; however, the ultrasonic features of Burkitt lymphoma have rarely been reported. Herein, we report a case of ultrasonically diagnosed bilateral PB-BL in a lactating patient and present a literature review. A 28-year-old female patient experienced bilateral breast engorgement starting more than a month after childbirth. At three months postpartum, the patient experienced extreme bilateral breast engorgement, with the skin appearing dark purple and jaundiced. Based on the imaging diagnosis, pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biological findings, she was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma involves bilateral breasts, right adrenal glands, uterus, and multiple bones. After 4 cycles of combination chemotherapy, the tumor basically disappeared, and then after autologous stem cell transplantation and one cycle of combination chemotherapy, the patient is generally in good condition and is under follow-up. We found that the ultrasonic characteristics of PB-BL are different from those of common breast cancer or lactation mastitis. PB-BL lesions are often multiple, large masses, and even involve the whole breast. The characteristic reticular structures are common in lesions, and irregular hyperechoic masses can be seen around it. The mass has abundant peripheral and internal blood flow signals, but internal calcification and attenuated posterior echoes of masses are rarely observed. Thus, the ultrasonic features of breast Burkitt lymphoma are somewhat specific and understanding these features is conducive to its early identification.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> Burkitt lymphoma, ultrasonography, case report<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faris Hernando Reviansyah, Daffa Rahmad Dwiyana Putra, Juan Alexander Supriatna, Veni Takarini, Maria Komariah
Abstract: Oral cancer is a worldwide health issue with high incidence and mortality, demands an effective treatment to improve patient prognosis. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) emerged as a candidate for oral cancer treatment due to their unique attributes, enabling a synergistic combination with its drug-delivery capabilities and hyperthermia when exposed to magnetic fields. SPIONs can be synthesized using biopolymers from agricultural waste like lignin from paddy, which produce biogenic nano iron oxide with superparamagnetic and antioxidant effects. In addition, lignin also acts as a stabilizing agent in creating SPIONs. This study aimed to explore how agricultural waste could be used to prepare SPIONs using the green synthesis method and to evaluate its potential for oral cancer specifically focusing on its effectiveness, side effects, biocompatibility, and toxicity. A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus databases were exploited in the selection of articles published within the last decade. This study quality assessment uses OHAT for critical appraisal tools. Only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that the use of agricultural waste in the preparation of SPIONs not only holds potency for oral cancer treatment through drug delivery and hyperthermia but also aligns with the concept of green dentistry. SPIONs as a treatment modality for oral cancer have demonstrated notable effectiveness and versatility. This study provides robust evidence supporting green dentistry by using agricultural waste in the preparation and formulation of SPIONs for managing oral cancer. Its multifunctional nature and ability to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues highlights the potency of SPION-based oral cancer treatments.
Keywords: SPIONs, oral cancer, treatment, biosynthesis, green dentistry
{"title":"Green Dentistry in Oral Cancer Treatment Using Biosynthesis Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review","authors":"Faris Hernando Reviansyah, Daffa Rahmad Dwiyana Putra, Juan Alexander Supriatna, Veni Takarini, Maria Komariah","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s477791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s477791","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract:</strong> Oral cancer is a worldwide health issue with high incidence and mortality, demands an effective treatment to improve patient prognosis. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) emerged as a candidate for oral cancer treatment due to their unique attributes, enabling a synergistic combination with its drug-delivery capabilities and hyperthermia when exposed to magnetic fields. SPIONs can be synthesized using biopolymers from agricultural waste like lignin from paddy, which produce biogenic nano iron oxide with superparamagnetic and antioxidant effects. In addition, lignin also acts as a stabilizing agent in creating SPIONs. This study aimed to explore how agricultural waste could be used to prepare SPIONs using the green synthesis method and to evaluate its potential for oral cancer specifically focusing on its effectiveness, side effects, biocompatibility, and toxicity. A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus databases were exploited in the selection of articles published within the last decade. This study quality assessment uses OHAT for critical appraisal tools. Only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggest that the use of agricultural waste in the preparation of SPIONs not only holds potency for oral cancer treatment through drug delivery and hyperthermia but also aligns with the concept of green dentistry. SPIONs as a treatment modality for oral cancer have demonstrated notable effectiveness and versatility. This study provides robust evidence supporting green dentistry by using agricultural waste in the preparation and formulation of SPIONs for managing oral cancer. Its multifunctional nature and ability to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues highlights the potency of SPION-based oral cancer treatments.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> SPIONs, oral cancer, treatment, biosynthesis, green dentistry<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Hong, Lei Zhang, Youkun Qi, Yanjun Wang, Wentao Wang
Purpose: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death and chemotherapy stands as a fundamental component in therapy. Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression encompasses a spectrum of hematological declines, including not only neutrophils but also lymphocytes, hemoglobin levels and platelets. This retrospective cohort study investigates alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. By uncovering these changes, our goal is to refine patient management strategies, ensuring that the benefits of chemotherapy are maximized while minimizing its detrimental effects. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 159 lung cancer patients. Patients were categorized as “NT” (n=108, no previous anti-tumor therapy), and “PT” (n=51, prior therapy followed by at least a two-month treatment-free interval). Post-chemotherapy, patients were reassessed and grouped into “EarlyCycle” for those who underwent four or fewer cycles, and “LateCycle” for those who underwent more than four cycles. Results: The study focused on analyzing the percentages of lymphocyte subsets, including T cells (CD4+, CD8+), B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, across these groups. For T cells, the EarlyCycle group exhibited a significant increase compared to NT (0.7783 vs 0.7271; p=0.0017) and PT (0.7783 vs 0.6804; p=1.6e-05). B cells showed a significant decrease from NT to LateCycle (0.1014 vs 0.0817; p=2.2e-05) and from PT to LateCycle (0.1317 vs 0.0817; p=6.2e-10). NK cells significantly decreased in the EarlyCycle group compared to NT (0.1109 vs 0.1462; p=0.00816) and PT (0.1109 vs 0.1513; p=0.00992), with no significant change in the LateCycle group compared to either NT or PT (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Chemotherapy significantly affects lymphocyte subsets in a treatment-specific manner. The EarlyCycle group experienced a reduction in NK cell and an increase in T cell, suggesting a damage of innate immunity and an early shift towards adaptive immunity. The LateCycle group showed a substantial decrease in B cell, indicating a delayed effect on humoral immunity components.
目的：肺癌仍然是癌症相关死亡的主要原因，而化疗是治疗的基本组成部分。化疗引起的骨髓抑制包括一系列血液学指标的下降，不仅包括中性粒细胞，还包括淋巴细胞、血红蛋白水平和血小板。这项回顾性队列研究调查了外周血淋巴细胞亚群的变化。通过揭示这些变化，我们的目标是完善患者管理策略，确保最大限度地发挥化疗的益处，同时最大限度地减少化疗的不利影响：我们对 159 名肺癌患者进行了回顾性分析。患者被分为 "NT"（人数=108，既往未接受过抗肿瘤治疗）和 "PT"（人数=51，既往接受过治疗后至少有两个月的无治疗间隔期）两类。化疗后，对患者进行重新评估，并将接受四个或四个以下周期治疗的患者分为 "早期周期 "和 "晚期周期"：研究重点是分析各组淋巴细胞亚群的百分比，包括 T 细胞（CD4+、CD8+）、B 细胞和自然杀伤细胞（NK）。就 T 细胞而言，EarlyCycle 组比 NT 组（0.7783 vs 0.7271; p=0.0017）和 PT 组（0.7783 vs 0.6804; p=1.6e-05）显著增加。B细胞从NT到LateCycle（0.1014 vs 0.0817；p=2.2e-05）和从PT到LateCycle（0.1317 vs 0.0817；p=6.2e-10）均有显著下降。与NT（0.1109 vs 0.1462; p=0.00816）和PT（0.1109 vs 0.1513; p=0.00992）相比，早周期组的NK细胞明显减少，晚周期组与NT或PT相比无明显变化（p> 0.05）：结论：化疗对淋巴细胞亚群的影响具有治疗特异性。早周期组 NK 细胞减少，T 细胞增加，表明先天性免疫受到破坏，适应性免疫早期转移。晚周期组 B 细胞大幅减少，表明对体液免疫成分的影响延迟。
{"title":"Impact of Chemotherapy on Circulating Lymphocyte Subsets in Lung Cancer Patients","authors":"Wei Hong, Lei Zhang, Youkun Qi, Yanjun Wang, Wentao Wang","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s475967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s475967","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death and chemotherapy stands as a fundamental component in therapy. Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression encompasses a spectrum of hematological declines, including not only neutrophils but also lymphocytes, hemoglobin levels and platelets. This retrospective cohort study investigates alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. By uncovering these changes, our goal is to refine patient management strategies, ensuring that the benefits of chemotherapy are maximized while minimizing its detrimental effects.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> We retrospectively analyzed 159 lung cancer patients. Patients were categorized as “NT” (n=108, no previous anti-tumor therapy), and “PT” (n=51, prior therapy followed by at least a two-month treatment-free interval). Post-chemotherapy, patients were reassessed and grouped into “EarlyCycle” for those who underwent four or fewer cycles, and “LateCycle” for those who underwent more than four cycles.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The study focused on analyzing the percentages of lymphocyte subsets, including T cells (CD4+, CD8+), B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, across these groups. For T cells, the EarlyCycle group exhibited a significant increase compared to NT (0.7783 vs 0.7271; p=0.0017) and PT (0.7783 vs 0.6804; p=1.6e-05). B cells showed a significant decrease from NT to LateCycle (0.1014 vs 0.0817; p=2.2e-05) and from PT to LateCycle (0.1317 vs 0.0817; p=6.2e-10). NK cells significantly decreased in the EarlyCycle group compared to NT (0.1109 vs 0.1462; p=0.00816) and PT (0.1109 vs 0.1513; p=0.00992), with no significant change in the LateCycle group compared to either NT or PT (p> 0.05).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Chemotherapy significantly affects lymphocyte subsets in a treatment-specific manner. The EarlyCycle group experienced a reduction in NK cell and an increase in T cell, suggesting a damage of innate immunity and an early shift towards adaptive immunity. The LateCycle group showed a substantial decrease in B cell, indicating a delayed effect on humoral immunity components.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> chemotherapy, lung cancer, myelosuppression, peripheral blood, lymphocyte subsets<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the combination of factors associated with continuity of care in outpatients with cancer-related edema six months after the initial visit. Patients and Methods: A total of 101 outpatients were divided into two groups: continuation (n=65) and non-continuation (n=36) groups. Details regarding age, body mass index, sex, affected extremities (upper or lower), site of edema (unilateral or bilateral), International Society of Lymphology (ISL) classification, presence of distant metastasis, and overall score on the lymphedema quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) were obtained before initial lymphedema care. In this study, we performed a decision tree analysis using a classification and regression tree (CART) to detect the combination of factors associated with the continuity of edema care for cancer-related edema. Results: Significant differences were observed in the site of edema (unilateral or bilateral) and distant metastasis between the two groups. In the decision tree using CART analysis, the factors selected to influence the possibility of continuation were the side of edema as the first layer, and body mass index of 23.0 and distant metastasis (with/without) as the second layer. Outpatients with unilateral edema and a body mass index higher than 23.0 were most likely to be able to continue care. In contrast, outpatients with bilateral edema and distant metastasis had greater difficulty in continuing care. Conclusion: In this study, factors that were suggested to influence the continuity of cancer-related edema care were the side with edema, body mass index higher than 23.0, and distant metastasis. This information may be helpful for developing care strategies and improving patient adherence.
Keywords: cancer-related edema, continuation, decision tree analysis, outpatient, predicted factor
{"title":"Factors Predicting Treatment Adherence in Outpatients with Cancer-Related Edema: Decision Tree Analysis","authors":"Yudai Fujimoto, Yoshimi Yuri, Miki Fujii, Hironari Tamiya","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s476588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s476588","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> This study aimed to determine the combination of factors associated with continuity of care in outpatients with cancer-related edema six months after the initial visit.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> A total of 101 outpatients were divided into two groups: continuation (n=65) and non-continuation (n=36) groups. Details regarding age, body mass index, sex, affected extremities (upper or lower), site of edema (unilateral or bilateral), International Society of Lymphology (ISL) classification, presence of distant metastasis, and overall score on the lymphedema quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) were obtained before initial lymphedema care. In this study, we performed a decision tree analysis using a classification and regression tree (CART) to detect the combination of factors associated with the continuity of edema care for cancer-related edema.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Significant differences were observed in the site of edema (unilateral or bilateral) and distant metastasis between the two groups. In the decision tree using CART analysis, the factors selected to influence the possibility of continuation were the side of edema as the first layer, and body mass index of 23.0 and distant metastasis (with/without) as the second layer. Outpatients with unilateral edema and a body mass index higher than 23.0 were most likely to be able to continue care. In contrast, outpatients with bilateral edema and distant metastasis had greater difficulty in continuing care.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this study, factors that were suggested to influence the continuity of cancer-related edema care were the side with edema, body mass index higher than 23.0, and distant metastasis. This information may be helpful for developing care strategies and improving patient adherence.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> cancer-related edema, continuation, decision tree analysis, outpatient, predicted factor<br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiafeng Lu, Zhaoyan Li, Xingjing Liu, Bin Xu, Weiyu Zhang
Background: The resistance to endocrine therapy can lead to recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer (BC), affecting the survival period. Tiaogan Bushen Xiaoji (TGBSXJ) Formula, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction, has been widely used in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC. However, the underlying mechanism of TGBSXJ Formula in ER+BC treatment has not been totally elucidated. Methods: Network pharmacology (NP) and RNA sequencing were used to predict the candidate ingredients and explore the potential targets of TGBSXJ Formula. Then, the results of NP and RNA sequencing were investigated by in vitro experiments. Results: Active ingredients of TGBSXJ Formula mainly included Mangiferin, Rutin, Anemarrhena asphodeloides saponin BII, Ganoderic acid A and Acacetin, etc. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created based on the active ingredients of TGBSXJ Formula and target genes of ER+ BC, in which TGF-β, MMP2 and SMAD3 were defined as the hub genes. In vitro experiments showed that TGBSXJ Formula significantly inhibited the viability, colony ability and migration of ER+ BC cells, and significantly increased the sensitivity to TAM. Western blot analysis showed that TGBSXJ Formula significantly downregulated TGF-β, E-cadherin, MMP2, MMP9, N-cadherin, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in ER+ BC cells. Conclusion: TGBSXJ Formula increases the sensitivity of ER+ BC cells to TAM by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
背景：内分泌治疗耐药可导致乳腺癌（BC）复发和转移，影响患者的生存期。传统中药 "天干地支汤 "已被广泛应用于雌激素受体阳性（ER+）乳腺癌的治疗。然而，TGBSXJ方治疗ER+BC的内在机制尚未完全阐明：方法：利用网络药理学（NP）和 RNA 测序预测 TGBSXJ 方剂的候选成分并探索其潜在靶点。方法：采用网络药理学（NP）和 RNA 测序方法预测 TGBSXJ 方剂的候选成分并探索其潜在靶点，然后通过体外实验研究 NP 和 RNA 测序的结果：结果：TGBSXJ 方剂的有效成分主要包括芒果苷、芦丁、天南星皂苷 BII、灵芝酸 A 和乙酰乙酸等。根据 TGBSXJ 方剂的有效成分和 ER+ BC 的靶基因建立了蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络，其中 TGF-β、MMP2 和 SMAD3 被定义为中心基因。体外实验表明，TGBSXJ 方剂能显著抑制 ER+ BC 细胞的活力、集落能力和迁移，并能显著提高其对 TAM 的敏感性。Western印迹分析表明，TGBSXJ配方能明显下调ER+ BC细胞中的TGF-β、E-cadherin、MMP2、MMP9、N-cadherin、p-Smad2和p-Smad3：结论：TGBSXJ配方通过抑制TGF-β/Smad信号通路提高了ER+ BC细胞对TAM的敏感性。
{"title":"Tiaogan Bushen Xiaoji Formula Enhances the Sensitivity of Estrogen Receptor- Positive Breast Cancer to Tamoxifen by Inhibiting the TGF-β/SMAD Pathway","authors":"Jiafeng Lu, Zhaoyan Li, Xingjing Liu, Bin Xu, Weiyu Zhang","doi":"10.2147/cmar.s477399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/cmar.s477399","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> The resistance to endocrine therapy can lead to recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer (BC), affecting the survival period. Tiaogan Bushen Xiaoji (TGBSXJ) Formula, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction, has been widely used in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER<sup>+</sup>) BC. However, the underlying mechanism of TGBSXJ Formula in ER<sup>+</sup>BC treatment has not been totally elucidated.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> Network pharmacology (NP) and RNA sequencing were used to predict the candidate ingredients and explore the potential targets of TGBSXJ Formula. Then, the results of NP and RNA sequencing were investigated by in vitro experiments.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> Active ingredients of TGBSXJ Formula mainly included Mangiferin, Rutin, Anemarrhena asphodeloides saponin BII, Ganoderic acid A and Acacetin, etc. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created based on the active ingredients of TGBSXJ Formula and target genes of ER<sup>+</sup> BC, in which TGF-β, MMP2 and SMAD3 were defined as the hub genes. In vitro experiments showed that TGBSXJ Formula significantly inhibited the viability, colony ability and migration of ER<sup>+</sup> BC cells, and significantly increased the sensitivity to TAM. Western blot analysis showed that TGBSXJ Formula significantly downregulated TGF-β, E-cadherin, MMP2, MMP9, N-cadherin, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in ER<sup>+</sup> BC cells.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> TGBSXJ Formula increases the sensitivity of ER<sup>+</sup> BC cells to TAM by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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