K. Shimura, Y. Daitoh, Y. Yano, T. Terashima, Y. Bandō
Superconductivity of 1 unit cell thick (1-UCT) YBa2Cu307 (YBCO) with various oxide cap layers is studied. Capping with BaO layer makes 1-UCT YBCO superconducting. It is revealed that that a formation of BaO-CuO-BaO charge reservoir is of significance for the hole donation in the 1-UCT YBCO. Superconductivity or significant reduction of resistivity implying the formation of the charge reservoir was also observed in 1-UCT YBCO covered with Sr-O, Ca-O, Pb-0, and Cd-O.
{"title":"Microstructures and Superconductivity of Ultrathin YBa₂Cu₃O₇ Films","authors":"K. Shimura, Y. Daitoh, Y. Yano, T. Terashima, Y. Bandō","doi":"10.2497/JJSPM.41.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2497/JJSPM.41.365","url":null,"abstract":"Superconductivity of 1 unit cell thick (1-UCT) YBa2Cu307 (YBCO) with various oxide cap layers is studied. Capping with BaO layer makes 1-UCT YBCO superconducting. It is revealed that that a formation of BaO-CuO-BaO charge reservoir is of significance for the hole donation in the 1-UCT YBCO. Superconductivity or significant reduction of resistivity implying the formation of the charge reservoir was also observed in 1-UCT YBCO covered with Sr-O, Ca-O, Pb-0, and Cd-O.","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"13 1","pages":"502-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84286054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract : Applications of optical theory to the study of surface, thin films and coatings have been reviewed. Recent advances in personal computing has made the application of optical theory to an observed spectrum a nearly routine practice. With diversification of infrared techniques which rely on reflection techniques, band shape distortion and frequency shift are common occurrence and the ability to correct for the optical effects has become extremely useful. This article discusses selected topics to demonstrate the usefulness of the application of optical theory. Special emphasis is placed on the quantitative nature of the discussion as well as techniques related to molecular depth profiling.
{"title":"Application of Optical Theory to Quantitative Surface FT-IR with Emphasis on Molecular Depth Profiling (Commemoration Issue Dedicated to Professor Tohru Takenaka On the Occasion of His Retirement)","authors":"H. Ishida","doi":"10.21236/ada250525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada250525","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Applications of optical theory to the study of surface, thin films and coatings have been reviewed. Recent advances in personal computing has made the application of optical theory to an observed spectrum a nearly routine practice. With diversification of infrared techniques which rely on reflection techniques, band shape distortion and frequency shift are common occurrence and the ability to correct for the optical effects has become extremely useful. This article discusses selected topics to demonstrate the usefulness of the application of optical theory. Special emphasis is placed on the quantitative nature of the discussion as well as techniques related to molecular depth profiling.","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"51 1","pages":"198-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90194507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1973-03-15DOI: 10.2109/JCERSJ1950.80.926_417
T. Maki, M. Tashiro
Batches of photochromic glasses (about 100g) containing various amounts of Ag and Cl (the nominal oxide compositions, SiO2 52.63, B2O3 20.09, Al2O3 6.89, Li2O 2.90, Na2O 1.80, BaO 8.18, PbO 4.81, ZrO2 2.10, Cu2O 0.014, Ag 0.44-5.80, Cl 0.15-2.18wt%) were melted at 1400° or 1450°C in the air or in the air saturated with AgCl, NaCl or BaCl2 vapor and amounts of Ag and Cl retained in the glasses after melting for various times were measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis.1) The glass batches containing large amounts of AgCl (more than about 3wt%), when melted in air, first separated into two liquid phases; a phase rich in AgCl and that rich in silicate. The latter remained as glass after cooling to room temperature. A great part of the AgCl added to the batches was thus lost almost instantaneously from the glass. After the phase separation, losses of the Ag and Cl from the glass melts continued probably by evaporation of chlorides such as AgCl and NaCl from the melts and also by oxidation of the chlorides in the melts by air: 4AgCl+O2→2Ag2O+2Cl2↑ In the latter mechanism only the Cl was considered to be lost because the Ag2O formed has high solubility in the glass melts. Loss rates of the Ag and Cl were both low but that of the Cl was a little higher than that of the Ag.2) The glass batch containing small amounts of AgCl (less than about 0.5wt%) showed no liquid phase separation but losses of the Ag and Cl occurred at slow rates as observed for the batches containing large amounts of AgCl.3) When the glasses were melted in the air saturated with AgCl vapor, the Ag contents increased rapidly, whereas the Cl contents were held constant. When the glasses were melted in the air saturated with NaCl vapor, the Ag contents decreased at slow rates, whereas the Cl contents were held constant. The loss rate of the Ag in the air saturated with NaCl vapor was a little higher than that in air. Effects of the air atmosphere saturated with BaCl2 vapor were intermediate between those in the air and the air saturated with the NaCl vapor.The above results were explained by supposing suppressing effects of the chloride vapors in the atmosphere on evaporation of the chlorides from the molten glasses and oxidation of the chloride vapors by air.4) Mechanical stirring of the molten glass did not give remarkable effects in accelerating evaporation of the chlorides from the molten glasses.
{"title":"Loss of Ag and Cl from Photochromic Glasses during Melting in Various Atmospheres","authors":"T. Maki, M. Tashiro","doi":"10.2109/JCERSJ1950.80.926_417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2109/JCERSJ1950.80.926_417","url":null,"abstract":"Batches of photochromic glasses (about 100g) containing various amounts of Ag and Cl (the nominal oxide compositions, SiO2 52.63, B2O3 20.09, Al2O3 6.89, Li2O 2.90, Na2O 1.80, BaO 8.18, PbO 4.81, ZrO2 2.10, Cu2O 0.014, Ag 0.44-5.80, Cl 0.15-2.18wt%) were melted at 1400° or 1450°C in the air or in the air saturated with AgCl, NaCl or BaCl2 vapor and amounts of Ag and Cl retained in the glasses after melting for various times were measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis.1) The glass batches containing large amounts of AgCl (more than about 3wt%), when melted in air, first separated into two liquid phases; a phase rich in AgCl and that rich in silicate. The latter remained as glass after cooling to room temperature. A great part of the AgCl added to the batches was thus lost almost instantaneously from the glass. After the phase separation, losses of the Ag and Cl from the glass melts continued probably by evaporation of chlorides such as AgCl and NaCl from the melts and also by oxidation of the chlorides in the melts by air: 4AgCl+O2→2Ag2O+2Cl2↑ In the latter mechanism only the Cl was considered to be lost because the Ag2O formed has high solubility in the glass melts. Loss rates of the Ag and Cl were both low but that of the Cl was a little higher than that of the Ag.2) The glass batch containing small amounts of AgCl (less than about 0.5wt%) showed no liquid phase separation but losses of the Ag and Cl occurred at slow rates as observed for the batches containing large amounts of AgCl.3) When the glasses were melted in the air saturated with AgCl vapor, the Ag contents increased rapidly, whereas the Cl contents were held constant. When the glasses were melted in the air saturated with NaCl vapor, the Ag contents decreased at slow rates, whereas the Cl contents were held constant. The loss rate of the Ag in the air saturated with NaCl vapor was a little higher than that in air. Effects of the air atmosphere saturated with BaCl2 vapor were intermediate between those in the air and the air saturated with the NaCl vapor.The above results were explained by supposing suppressing effects of the chloride vapors in the atmosphere on evaporation of the chlorides from the molten glasses and oxidation of the chloride vapors by air.4) Mechanical stirring of the molten glass did not give remarkable effects in accelerating evaporation of the chlorides from the molten glasses.","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"31 1","pages":"596-607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73945155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reaction of Styrene with Palladous Salts : Product Control by Anions and Cupric Salts","authors":"S. Uemura, K. Ichikawa","doi":"10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.88.8_893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.88.8_893","url":null,"abstract":"塩化銅(II)と酢酸ナトリウム(モル比 2:1)を含む酢酸溶媒中, 75℃でスチレンと塩化パラジウムを反応させ, α-クロル-β-アセトキシエチルベンゼン, α, β-ジアセトキシエチルベンゼン(飽和化合物)を得た。上記モル比を1:2とするとβ-ジアセトキシスチレン(不飽和化合物)だけが得られ, 1:1とすると両者とも生成した。不飽和化合物はスチレン-塩化パラジウムπ錯体と酢酸アニオンの反応で形成されるオキシパラジウム化反応物からパラジウムと水素が同時に脱離することにより生成し, 飽和化合物はオキシパラジウム化反応物に塩化銅(II)と塩素イオンが反応して生成するものと結論した。 酢酸パラジウムによる酸化反応では, オキシパラジウム化反応によりα-およびβ-のアセトキシスチレンが生成し, 飽和化合物は生成しなかった。","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"17 1","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90036016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on the Coalescence of Liquid Droplets Part IV : The Coalescence of Mercury Droplets in Mixed Solvents","authors":"M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1246/nikkashi1948.91.8_708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi1948.91.8_708","url":null,"abstract":"水とメタノールの混合溶媒中に塩化カリウムを溶かし,これに一対の滴下水銀電極を浸けて水銀滴の合一電位領域を調べ,疎液分散系とエマルションの凝集および分散機構におよぼす誘電率の影響を検討した。メタノールの添加量を増して溶液の誘電率を小さくすると,合一の電位領域が大きくなった。これは溶液のイオン強度を増したときと同様に拡散二重層の圧縮によって説明できる。同時に測定した二重層微分容量の結果によると,拡散二重層内の誘電率は溶媒の誘電率よりもかなり小さく,Stern層の誘電率と同じべき乗で変化するものと考えられた。また,この容量から求めたメタノールの界面膜形成の吸着自由エネルギーは約-1kcal/molで,水銀滴の合一を妨げる保護膜としてはほとんど影響しないことがわかった。","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"22 1","pages":"171-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78131256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and Properties o f Glass-Ceramics Containing Ferroelectric Crystals","authors":"T. Kokubo","doi":"10.14989/DOCTOR.R1673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14989/DOCTOR.R1673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"17 1","pages":"553-571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84947671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactions Between Protein Molecules","authors":"T. Ooi","doi":"10.1295/KOBUNSHI.22.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1295/KOBUNSHI.22.396","url":null,"abstract":"タンパク質の集合体は単位タンパク質がある規則性をもって集合したものであり,集合体の構造とその性質は単位タンパク質の結合部位の空間的配置と,部位間の相互作用で規定される. したがって単位タンパク質の立体構造, とくに相互作用部位周辺の構造と相互作用の性格が問題となる.立体構造はタンパク質の一次構造で決められ,相互作用は残基の種類と分子の環境条件に依存し,クーロン力や疎水結合水素結合などによって性格づけられる. そこでX 線解析によるタンパク質分子の立体構造を略述し, 分子間相互作用と集合の機構を,熱力学的見地,ならびに分子論的見地からいかに理解するかを述べる.","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"23 1","pages":"148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75878878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radiation Damage to Optical Absorption Properties of Anthracene Crystals (Special Issue on Physical, Chemical and Biological Effects of Gamma Radiation, IX)","authors":"N. Shiomi","doi":"10.1143/JPSJ.23.1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.23.1177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"47 1","pages":"23-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1968-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74360338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarized Infrared Spectra of Benzene Derivatives","authors":"S. Hayashi","doi":"10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.85.3_186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.85.3_186","url":null,"abstract":"m-ジニトロベンゼン,アセトアニリドおよびp-ジメトキシベンゼンの配向結晶をつくり,その偏光赤外スペクトルを測定した。面外水素振動およびその結合音の二色比より遷移モーメントの方向を計算し,その方向と結晶構造より期待される方向とを比較した。m-ジニトロベンゼンの場合,C2vの対称性を仮定して比較すると両者はよく一致する。一方,アセトアニリドの場合,ベンゼン核がC2vの対称性を持つとすると,両者はかなり異なった方向になるが,C2vの対称性を仮定すればよい一致を示す。","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"1 1","pages":"366-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90603444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Coalescence of Mercury Droplets in Aqueous Solutions","authors":"A. Watanabe, M. Matsumoto, R. Gotoh","doi":"10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.85.11_730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1246/NIKKASHI1948.85.11_730","url":null,"abstract":"乳化剤によるエマルジョンの安定化機構の研究に関するモデル実験として,一対の滴下水銀電極を用いて,界面活性物質を含む水溶液中での2個の水銀滴の合一におよぼす滴表面の電位の効果を調べた。ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム,セチルピリジニウム・クロリド,ポリビニル・アルコールやエパン(ポリプロピレン・グリコールとポリエチレン・グリコールからなる非イオン性高分子界面活性剤)などは完全な保護作用を示し,ある濃度(臨界安定化濃度)を越えると水銀滴の電位が0でも合一が起らない。エパンでは分子の親水性が増すと安定化濃度が低下する。同時に行なった二重層微分容量の測定による各種エパンの水銀面への吸着の研究から,この安定化が主として界面活性物質の界面膜形成によるものであることが示された。","PeriodicalId":9502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University","volume":"19 1","pages":"389-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77530319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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