Case Reports in Surgery最新文献

Background: A gallbladder torsion typically presents as an acute abdomen presentation with nonspecific clinical signs. When not detected by a clinician preoperatively, it can lead to the delay of emergency surgery and possible misdiagnosis for other, more common causes of an acute abdomen. Case Presentation. We report the case of acute gallbladder volvulus in an 80-year-old woman complaining of constant pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

Conclusions: The patient was successfully treated with cholecystectomy. The case highlights the high index of suspicion required to diagnose the condition preoperatively in this population of patients to reduce complications such as biliary peritonitis and death.

Gallstone ileus is a rare condition. It accounts for approximately 1% of small bowel obstruction and is more prevalent in the elderly population. It is usually present in relatively comorbid patients posing further operative challenges. The following report investigates the management of two large gallstones resulting in two different points of obstruction. Is double trouble doubly hard to manage?

Empyema necessitans is a rare complication of pneumonia, which can be seen more frequently with tuberculosis (TB). In this case report, we include a 47-year-old female with empyema necessitans; closed drainage has been sought as a sole treatment based on the clinical presentation and radiological findings of an empyema necessitans. Scarce evidence with regard to adult empyema necessitans with Klebsiella was found in the literature where adult cases were managed exclusively using combination of intravenous (IV) antibiotic and closed drainage, reporting such case can help guiding management for similar presentation.

Aortic thrombosis has been studied little in patients with COVID-19 and an association has recently been reported with the vaccine for this disease. The aim of the present study is to report five cases of aortic thrombosis at our institution within a three-month period associated with the COVID-19 vaccine. Five cases of aortic thrombosis were evaluated-three women and two men aged 29, 49, 51, 60, and 79 years. Four thrombi involved the thoracic aortic and one involved the abdominal aorta, with embolisms found in the kidneys, spleen, liver, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Embolectomy was performed on the limbs, and anticoagulant therapy was performed for the abdominal arteries. The patients recovered well and anticoagulant therapy was maintained. Aortic thrombosis is uncommon but was associated with the AstraZeneca vaccine in this case series.

Ondine's curse is a rare condition in which breathing is preserved while awake, but there is absence of autonomic control of ventilation. It is a potentially fatal complication that may result rarely from surgery in posterior fossa in area close to respiratory centers. We describe a patient with posterior fossa hemangioblastoma who underwent subtotal resection via telovelar approach and developed acquired Ondine's curse postoperatively. The patient's presentation and management are described. Besides that, Ondine's is a great example of how modern medicine is linked to ancient literature, and thus, its anecdotal history is also described.

Lipomas are benign tumors composed of adipose tissue that can occur in various locations throughout the body, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Lipoma of the small bowel is a rare clinical condition. It infrequently results in small bowel obstruction and volvulus. In most of the patients, it is an incidental diagnosis. However, it may present with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, GI bleeding, and constipation. It is commonly diagnosed using imaging studies, such as computerized tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. The management of small bowel lipomas depends on the presence of symptoms and the risk of complications. Asymptomatic lipomas can be safely monitored with imaging studies, as the risk of complications is low. However, in symptomatic cases, surgical or endoscopic treatment may be necessary to relieve obstruction and prevent complications. We report a case of volvulus of small bowel in a middle-aged female presenting to our hospital with acute GI symptoms.

Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) of the breast is an extremely rare event in surgical practice. It is considered the most aggressive form of soft tissue infection and a true surgical emergency. It is also associated with a high risk of mortality if not diagnosed promptly. Few cases have been documented in the literature; the exact etiology and risk factors vary from those involving the limbs, trunk, and perineum. Early recognition, prompt surgical treatment, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. These reports present cases of NSTIs in breasts with unique etiologies and challenges in their management.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma that originates from smooth muscle cells and constitutes approximately 5-10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Vascular LMS is the least common subtype of LMS. About one-third of vascular LMS is located in the extremities, most commonly in the saphenous vein (25%). Vascular LMS originating from the popliteal vein is very rare, and to the best of our knowledge, only nine cases have been reported to date. Case presentation. We herein report a case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with recurrence of a mass that was located at the posterior aspect of the right proximal leg and extended to the popliteal fossa. She had mild pain and intermittent claudication without a history of an edematous leg. The tissue diagnosis was LMS. Wide en bloc resection of the tumor, including the segment of the involved popliteal vein, was performed without venous reconstruction. The patient received no other adjuvant treatments. At the 16-month follow-up, she had good oncologic and functional outcomes.

Conclusion: Vascular LMS at the popliteal vein is uncommon but should be considered as a differential diagnosis in a patient who presents with a mass at the popliteal fossa. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and core needle biopsy were needed for a definite diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is wide en bloc resection of the tumor, including the involved segment of the vein. Venous reconstruction after resection is unnecessary in chronic cases without a history of an edematous leg. Radiotherapy is an important adjuvant for local control when the surgical margins are close or positive. The role of chemotherapy in systemic management remains unclear.

We describe a case of an uncommon early pancreatic cancer presentation in a patient in his 60s who had haemorrhagic shock from extensive haematochezia and required blood transfusions as well as surveillance in an intensive care unit. A splenic artery pseudoaneurysm that had been effectively embolized by angiography was seen to be actively bleeding into the colon lumen on a computerized tomography (CT) scan along with a necrotic mass of the pancreatic tail. A pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma was diagnosed by a transgastric biopsy. A pancreatico-colic fistula was discovered by CT scan after a colic contrast enema. A transabdominal drainage of the necrotic collection and targeted antibiotic treatment had been performed with a satisfying patient outcome. In order to assess a potential secondary surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy was planned. In conclusion, haematochezia with hemodynamic instability originated from a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm fistulising into the colon (arterio-colic fistula) and sepsis originating from a tumoral pancreatic abscess fistulising into the colon (tumoral pancreatico-colic fistula).

Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most common biliary tract cancer. The majority of gallbladder cancers are adenocarcinomas, whereas clear-cell carcinoma of the gallbladder (CCG) is a rarely recorded variant. Usually, diagnosis is established incidentally after cholecystectomy, performed for another reason. Clinically, the different histological types of carcinomas are impossible to be recognized preoperatively, since they present with a wide and common range of symptoms. We present a male patient who underwent an emergency cholecystectomy due to suspected perforation. After an uneventful postoperative period, the histopathological report led to the diagnosis of CCG, but the surgical margins were infiltrated by the tumor. The patient decided not to proceed with any additional treatment and passed away 8 months after the operation. In conclusion, it is of great necessity to record such unusual cases and enriches global knowledge with information clinically and educationally noteworthy.