Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000714
Elham Nasri, Dianne E Torrence, Terrie Vasilopoulos, Jacquelyn A Knapik, Joanne P Lagmay, John D Reith, Charles Parker Gibbs
Purpose: In this study, we used a series of immunohistochemical measurements of 2 cell cycle regulators, p16 and p21, to evaluate their prognostic value, separately and in combination, for the disease outcomes.
Method: A total of 101 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included in this study. Clinicopathologic data were collected, and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p21 was performed and interpreted by 3 independent pathologists. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the strength of each of these markers relative to disease outcome.
Results: Our results indicate that more than 90% expression (high) of p16 by immunohistochemistry on the initial biopsy has a strong predictive value for good histologic response to chemotherapy. The patients are also more likely to survive the past 5 years and less likely to develop metastasis than patients with less than 90% p16 (low) expression. The results for p21, on the other hand, show a unique pattern of relationship to the clinicopathologic outcomes of the disease. Patients with less than 1% (low) or more than 50% (high) expression of p21 by immunohistochemistry show a higher chance of metastasis, poor necrotic response to chemotherapy, and an overall decreased survival rate when compared with p21 expression between 1% and 50% (moderate). Our results also showed that the expression of p16 and combined p16 and p21 demonstrates a stronger predictive relationship to 5-year survival than tumor histologic necrosis and p21 alone.
Discussion: The results of this study, once proven to be reproducible by a larger number of patients, will be valuable in the initial assessment and risk stratification of the patients for treatment and possibly the clinical trials.
{"title":"Cell Cycle Checkpoints p16 and p21-Strong Predictors of Clinicopathologic Outcomes in High-Grade Osteosarcoma.","authors":"Elham Nasri, Dianne E Torrence, Terrie Vasilopoulos, Jacquelyn A Knapik, Joanne P Lagmay, John D Reith, Charles Parker Gibbs","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000714","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, we used a series of immunohistochemical measurements of 2 cell cycle regulators, p16 and p21, to evaluate their prognostic value, separately and in combination, for the disease outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 101 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included in this study. Clinicopathologic data were collected, and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p21 was performed and interpreted by 3 independent pathologists. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the strength of each of these markers relative to disease outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that more than 90% expression (high) of p16 by immunohistochemistry on the initial biopsy has a strong predictive value for good histologic response to chemotherapy. The patients are also more likely to survive the past 5 years and less likely to develop metastasis than patients with less than 90% p16 (low) expression. The results for p21, on the other hand, show a unique pattern of relationship to the clinicopathologic outcomes of the disease. Patients with less than 1% (low) or more than 50% (high) expression of p21 by immunohistochemistry show a higher chance of metastasis, poor necrotic response to chemotherapy, and an overall decreased survival rate when compared with p21 expression between 1% and 50% (moderate). Our results also showed that the expression of p16 and combined p16 and p21 demonstrates a stronger predictive relationship to 5-year survival than tumor histologic necrosis and p21 alone.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results of this study, once proven to be reproducible by a larger number of patients, will be valuable in the initial assessment and risk stratification of the patients for treatment and possibly the clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140954933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000713
Philipose Getachew Mulugeta, Anthony W Chi, Thomas Michael Anderson
Abstract: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has been increasing in incidence in the United States over the last several decades, although mortality rates have remained low. Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI-T) has been a mainstay of treatment for DTC since the 1940s. Imaging of DTC before and after RAI-T primarily focuses on molecular imaging of the sodium iodide symporter. The expanding understanding of the molecular profile of DTC has increased available treatment options. Incorporation of risk stratification to treatment approaches has led to deintensification of both surgical and nonsurgical treatments, leading to decreased morbidity without compromising disease control.
{"title":"Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in Adults.","authors":"Philipose Getachew Mulugeta, Anthony W Chi, Thomas Michael Anderson","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000713","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has been increasing in incidence in the United States over the last several decades, although mortality rates have remained low. Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI-T) has been a mainstay of treatment for DTC since the 1940s. Imaging of DTC before and after RAI-T primarily focuses on molecular imaging of the sodium iodide symporter. The expanding understanding of the molecular profile of DTC has increased available treatment options. Incorporation of risk stratification to treatment approaches has led to deintensification of both surgical and nonsurgical treatments, leading to decreased morbidity without compromising disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000722
Benjamin M Larimer
Abstract: Cancer immunotherapy, including checkpoint blockade and cellular therapy, has become a cornerstone in cancer treatment. However, understanding the factors driving patient response or resistance to these therapies remains challenging. The dynamic interplay between the immune system and tumors requires new approaches for characterization. Biopsies and blood tests provide valuable information, but their limitations have led to increased interest in positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography imaging to complement these strategies. The noninvasive nature of PET imaging makes it ideal for monitoring the dynamic tumor immune microenvironment. This review discusses various PET imaging approaches, including immune cell lineage markers, immune functional markers, immune cell metabolism, direct cell labeling, and reporter genes, highlighting their potential in targeted immunotherapies and cell-based approaches. Although PET imaging has limitations, its integration into diagnostic strategies holds promise for improving patient outcomes and accelerating drug development in cancer immunotherapy.
摘要:癌症免疫疗法,包括检查点阻断和细胞疗法,已成为癌症治疗的基石。然而,了解患者对这些疗法的反应或耐药性的驱动因素仍具有挑战性。免疫系统与肿瘤之间的动态相互作用需要新的表征方法。活组织检查和血液化验可提供有价值的信息,但由于其局限性,人们对正电子发射断层扫描(PET)/计算机断层扫描成像的兴趣日益浓厚,以补充这些策略。PET 成像的无创特性使其成为监测动态肿瘤免疫微环境的理想选择。本综述讨论了各种 PET 成像方法,包括免疫细胞系标志物、免疫功能标志物、免疫细胞代谢、直接细胞标记和报告基因,强调了它们在靶向免疫疗法和基于细胞的方法中的潜力。尽管 PET 成像有其局限性,但将其纳入诊断策略有望改善患者预后,加快癌症免疫疗法的药物开发。
{"title":"PET Imaging for Monitoring Cellular and Immunotherapy of Cancer.","authors":"Benjamin M Larimer","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cancer immunotherapy, including checkpoint blockade and cellular therapy, has become a cornerstone in cancer treatment. However, understanding the factors driving patient response or resistance to these therapies remains challenging. The dynamic interplay between the immune system and tumors requires new approaches for characterization. Biopsies and blood tests provide valuable information, but their limitations have led to increased interest in positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography imaging to complement these strategies. The noninvasive nature of PET imaging makes it ideal for monitoring the dynamic tumor immune microenvironment. This review discusses various PET imaging approaches, including immune cell lineage markers, immune functional markers, immune cell metabolism, direct cell labeling, and reporter genes, highlighting their potential in targeted immunotherapies and cell-based approaches. Although PET imaging has limitations, its integration into diagnostic strategies holds promise for improving patient outcomes and accelerating drug development in cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11101150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000715
Quinton J Keigley, Amy M Fowler, Sophia R O'Brien, Farrokh Dehdashti
Abstract: Steroid receptors regulate gene expression for many important physiologic functions and pathologic processes. Receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen have been extensively studied in breast cancer, and their expression provides prognostic information as well as targets for therapy. Noninvasive imaging utilizing positron emission tomography and radiolabeled ligands targeting these receptors can provide valuable insight into predicting treatment efficacy, staging whole-body disease burden, and identifying heterogeneity in receptor expression across different metastatic sites. This review provides an overview of steroid receptor imaging with a focus on breast cancer and radioligands for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors.
{"title":"Molecular Imaging of Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Quinton J Keigley, Amy M Fowler, Sophia R O'Brien, Farrokh Dehdashti","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000715","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Steroid receptors regulate gene expression for many important physiologic functions and pathologic processes. Receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen have been extensively studied in breast cancer, and their expression provides prognostic information as well as targets for therapy. Noninvasive imaging utilizing positron emission tomography and radiolabeled ligands targeting these receptors can provide valuable insight into predicting treatment efficacy, staging whole-body disease burden, and identifying heterogeneity in receptor expression across different metastatic sites. This review provides an overview of steroid receptor imaging with a focus on breast cancer and radioligands for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11101139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000704
James W Smithy, Paul B Chapman
Abstract: The widespread adoption of immune checkpoint inhibitors and small molecule inhibitors of the MAP kinase pathway has transformed the management of locally advanced and metastatic melanoma. Here, we provide a broad overview on the use of these agents in the first-line setting, incorporating a review of the clinical literature as well as the practice patterns of our respective melanoma groups. Throughout, we highlight areas of uncertainty that provide opportunities for future clinical investigation and additional improvement in outcomes for patients with melanoma.
{"title":"A General Approach to Patients Presenting With Locally Advanced or Distant Metastatic Disease.","authors":"James W Smithy, Paul B Chapman","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000704","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The widespread adoption of immune checkpoint inhibitors and small molecule inhibitors of the MAP kinase pathway has transformed the management of locally advanced and metastatic melanoma. Here, we provide a broad overview on the use of these agents in the first-line setting, incorporating a review of the clinical literature as well as the practice patterns of our respective melanoma groups. Throughout, we highlight areas of uncertainty that provide opportunities for future clinical investigation and additional improvement in outcomes for patients with melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000702
Kylie A Fletcher, Douglas B Johnson
Abstract: The advent of effective immunotherapy, specifically cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 and programmed cell death 1 inhibitors, as well as targeted therapy including BRAF/MEK inhibitors, has dramatically changed the prognosis for metastatic melanoma patients. Up to 50% of patients may experience long-term survival currently. Despite these advances in melanoma treatment, many patients still progress and die of their disease. As such, there are many studies aimed at providing new treatment options for this population. Therapies currently under investigation include, but are not limited to, novel immunotherapies, targeted therapies, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and other cellular therapies, oncolytic viral therapy and other injectables, and fecal microbiota transplant. In this review, we discuss the emerging treatment options for metastatic melanoma patients who have progressed on standard of care treatments.
{"title":"Investigational Approaches for Treatment of Melanoma Patients Progressing After Standard of Care.","authors":"Kylie A Fletcher, Douglas B Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000702","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The advent of effective immunotherapy, specifically cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 and programmed cell death 1 inhibitors, as well as targeted therapy including BRAF/MEK inhibitors, has dramatically changed the prognosis for metastatic melanoma patients. Up to 50% of patients may experience long-term survival currently. Despite these advances in melanoma treatment, many patients still progress and die of their disease. As such, there are many studies aimed at providing new treatment options for this population. Therapies currently under investigation include, but are not limited to, novel immunotherapies, targeted therapies, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and other cellular therapies, oncolytic viral therapy and other injectables, and fecal microbiota transplant. In this review, we discuss the emerging treatment options for metastatic melanoma patients who have progressed on standard of care treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000710
Mario Sznol, Jeffrey S Weber
{"title":"How Far We've Come.","authors":"Mario Sznol, Jeffrey S Weber","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000710","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000711
Afsaneh Amouzegar, Hussein A Tawbi
Abstract: Development of brain metastasis is one of the most serious complications of advanced melanoma, carrying a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Although advances in local treatment modalities such as stereotactic radiosurgery and breakthrough systemic therapies including immunotherapy and targeted therapies have improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma, management of patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) remains challenging. Notably, patients with MBMs have historically been excluded from clinical trials, limiting insights into their specific treatment responses. Encouragingly, a growing body of evidence shows the potential of systemic therapies to yield durable intracranial responses in these patients, highlighting the need for inclusion of patients with MBMs in future clinical trials. This is pivotal for expediting the advancement of novel therapies tailored to this distinct patient population. In this review, we will highlight the evolving landscape of MBM management, focusing on local and systemic treatment strategies.
{"title":"Local and Systemic Management Options for Melanoma Brain Metastases.","authors":"Afsaneh Amouzegar, Hussein A Tawbi","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000711","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Development of brain metastasis is one of the most serious complications of advanced melanoma, carrying a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Although advances in local treatment modalities such as stereotactic radiosurgery and breakthrough systemic therapies including immunotherapy and targeted therapies have improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma, management of patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) remains challenging. Notably, patients with MBMs have historically been excluded from clinical trials, limiting insights into their specific treatment responses. Encouragingly, a growing body of evidence shows the potential of systemic therapies to yield durable intracranial responses in these patients, highlighting the need for inclusion of patients with MBMs in future clinical trials. This is pivotal for expediting the advancement of novel therapies tailored to this distinct patient population. In this review, we will highlight the evolving landscape of MBM management, focusing on local and systemic treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000701
Madeline Miceli, Christina Boatwright, Janice M Mehnert
Abstract: This review outlines the most up-to-date metastatic melanoma treatment recommendations and relevant risks for patients with solid organ transplants, patients with renal dysfunction, and patients with preexisting autoimmune conditions. These specific treatment populations were excluded from the original clinical trials, which studied immune checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors in the advanced melanoma setting. We have synthesized the current body of literature, mainly case series and retrospective analyses, to reflect the evidence for the treatment of these special patient populations at present.
{"title":"Metastatic Melanoma Treatment in Special Populations.","authors":"Madeline Miceli, Christina Boatwright, Janice M Mehnert","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000701","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This review outlines the most up-to-date metastatic melanoma treatment recommendations and relevant risks for patients with solid organ transplants, patients with renal dysfunction, and patients with preexisting autoimmune conditions. These specific treatment populations were excluded from the original clinical trials, which studied immune checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors in the advanced melanoma setting. We have synthesized the current body of literature, mainly case series and retrospective analyses, to reflect the evidence for the treatment of these special patient populations at present.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000705
Christy Los, Sebastian Klobuch, John B A G Haanen
Abstract: Major progress in prolonging survival of patients with advanced melanoma has been made in the past decade because of the development and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor and targeted therapies. However, for nonresponding or relapsing patients, their prognosis is still dismal. Based on clinical trial data, treatment with adoptive cell therapies holds great promise. In patients with metastatic melanoma progressing on or nonresponsive to single-agent anti-programmed cell death 1, infusion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can produce responses in up to half of patients, with durable complete responses in up to 20%. Genetic modification of peripheral blood T cells with T-cell receptors derived from tumor-specific T cells, or with chimeric antigen receptors, has the potential to further improve treatment outcomes in this refractory population. In this review, we will discuss the historical development, current status, and future perspectives of adoptive T-cell therapies in melanoma.
摘要:过去十年中,由于免疫检查点抑制剂和靶向疗法的开发和批准,在延长晚期黑色素瘤患者生存期方面取得了重大进展。然而,对于无应答或复发的患者来说,他们的预后仍然不容乐观。根据临床试验数据,采用细胞疗法进行治疗大有可为。对于单药抗程序性细胞死亡 1 进展或无反应的转移性黑色素瘤患者,输注肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞可使多达一半的患者产生反应,其中多达 20% 的患者可产生持久的完全反应。对外周血 T 细胞进行基因修饰,使其具有来自肿瘤特异性 T 细胞的 T 细胞受体或嵌合抗原受体,有可能进一步改善这类难治性人群的治疗效果。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论黑色素瘤采用T细胞疗法的历史发展、现状和未来展望。
{"title":"Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte and Other Cell Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma.","authors":"Christy Los, Sebastian Klobuch, John B A G Haanen","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000705","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Major progress in prolonging survival of patients with advanced melanoma has been made in the past decade because of the development and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor and targeted therapies. However, for nonresponding or relapsing patients, their prognosis is still dismal. Based on clinical trial data, treatment with adoptive cell therapies holds great promise. In patients with metastatic melanoma progressing on or nonresponsive to single-agent anti-programmed cell death 1, infusion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can produce responses in up to half of patients, with durable complete responses in up to 20%. Genetic modification of peripheral blood T cells with T-cell receptors derived from tumor-specific T cells, or with chimeric antigen receptors, has the potential to further improve treatment outcomes in this refractory population. In this review, we will discuss the historical development, current status, and future perspectives of adoptive T-cell therapies in melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}