Pub Date : 1995-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1995.11819183
J. Campbell
The fundamentals of the different types of fluidity test, including the spiral test and the various thin section fluidity test, are evaluated. It is demonstrated that all of these tests actually give information in harmony, provided that proper allowance is made for the action of the effective section thickness on both the back-pressure due to capillary repulsion and the freezing time of the section. Thus the effect of the size and shape of the channel section is rationalised in terms of (i) the effective reduction in head pressure because of the back pressure due to surface tension, and (ii) the effective modulus of the section, since this directly affects its solidification time. It will be demonstrated that fluidity can be understood in terms of simple mechanisms of solidification, the superheat of the cast metal, and the latent heat of freezing. The action of remelting within a flowing channel leading to the continuous and indefinite flow of liquid metal is reintroduced here (following the original wo...
{"title":"Review of fluidity concepts in casting","authors":"J. Campbell","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1995.11819183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1995.11819183","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamentals of the different types of fluidity test, including the spiral test and the various thin section fluidity test, are evaluated. It is demonstrated that all of these tests actually give information in harmony, provided that proper allowance is made for the action of the effective section thickness on both the back-pressure due to capillary repulsion and the freezing time of the section. Thus the effect of the size and shape of the channel section is rationalised in terms of (i) the effective reduction in head pressure because of the back pressure due to surface tension, and (ii) the effective modulus of the section, since this directly affects its solidification time. It will be demonstrated that fluidity can be understood in terms of simple mechanisms of solidification, the superheat of the cast metal, and the latent heat of freezing. The action of remelting within a flowing channel leading to the continuous and indefinite flow of liquid metal is reintroduced here (following the original wo...","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76136055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-01-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1995.11819184
A. Kootsookos, J. Gates, R. Eaton
White cast irons are limited by their brittleness, and improvement of toughness has proved an elusive goal. In this study a variety of strategies have been applied in combination to achieve improved toughness. Eutectic carbide volume fraction is reduced and non-standard heat treatments are applied.The fracture toughness of the experimental low-carbon white cast iron is found to be superior to that of a conventional 20Cr—2Mo—1Cu white iron for most heat-treated conditions. A maximum toughness of 40 MPa√m was achieved in the experimental white iron, using a four hour high-temperature treatment at 1125°C. This value is substantially higher than anything previously reported for a white cast iron, of any carbon content.A field trial of grinding mill liners manufactured in the experimental white iron was carried out and indicated service lives of more than 80% longer than those obtained with the currently used pearlitic steel.
{"title":"Development of a white cast iron of fracture toughness 40 MPa√m","authors":"A. Kootsookos, J. Gates, R. Eaton","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1995.11819184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1995.11819184","url":null,"abstract":"White cast irons are limited by their brittleness, and improvement of toughness has proved an elusive goal. In this study a variety of strategies have been applied in combination to achieve improved toughness. Eutectic carbide volume fraction is reduced and non-standard heat treatments are applied.The fracture toughness of the experimental low-carbon white cast iron is found to be superior to that of a conventional 20Cr—2Mo—1Cu white iron for most heat-treated conditions. A maximum toughness of 40 MPa√m was achieved in the experimental white iron, using a four hour high-temperature treatment at 1125°C. This value is substantially higher than anything previously reported for a white cast iron, of any carbon content.A field trial of grinding mill liners manufactured in the experimental white iron was carried out and indicated service lives of more than 80% longer than those obtained with the currently used pearlitic steel.","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83373877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819171
A. Pocica-Filipowicz, J. Suchy, A. Nowak
{"title":"Changes in grey cast iron brought about by surface treatment using a welding method","authors":"A. Pocica-Filipowicz, J. Suchy, A. Nowak","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72807099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819176
N. El-Mahallawy, M. Taha, A. EL-KHARBOTLY, A. Youssef, W. Reif
{"title":"Centrifugal casting of an Al-12Si-2Mg/Al2O3-particulate MMC. Part 1: Melt infiltration","authors":"N. El-Mahallawy, M. Taha, A. EL-KHARBOTLY, A. Youssef, W. Reif","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72996527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819177
N. El-Mahallawy, M. Taha, A. EL-KHARBOTLY, A. Youssef, W. Reif
{"title":"Centrifugal casting of an Al-12Si-2Mg/Al2O3-particulate MMC. Part II: Evaluation of soundness and structure","authors":"N. El-Mahallawy, M. Taha, A. EL-KHARBOTLY, A. Youssef, W. Reif","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89614488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819174
F. Paray, J. Gruzleski
The effect of chemical modification by addition of strontium or sodium on the heat treatment response of 356 alloy has been investigated on both gravity-diecast (permanent mould) and sand cast samp...
在重力铸造(永久模)和砂型铸造样品上研究了添加锶或钠的化学改性对356合金热处理反应的影响。
{"title":"Microstructure-mechanical property relationships in a 356 alloy. Part II: Mechanical properties","authors":"F. Paray, J. Gruzleski","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819174","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of chemical modification by addition of strontium or sodium on the heat treatment response of 356 alloy has been investigated on both gravity-diecast (permanent mould) and sand cast samp...","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75902684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819178
J. A. Spittle, M. Almehhedani, S. Brown, J. Berry, J. L. Hill, V. K. Suri, H. Huang
{"title":"Discussion of ‘The Niyama function and its proposed application to microporosity prediction’","authors":"J. A. Spittle, M. Almehhedani, S. Brown, J. Berry, J. L. Hill, V. K. Suri, H. Huang","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91534539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819172
H. Horie, Sadato Hiratuka, T. Kowata, Katsuhiko Fukuit
{"title":"Removal of manganese from molten cast iron using potassium sulphide","authors":"H. Horie, Sadato Hiratuka, T. Kowata, Katsuhiko Fukuit","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73786483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-01DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1994.11819175
F. Mampaey, Z. A. Xu
Simulations and experiments have been used to study the problem of grain impingement in cast iron. Calculation of the free surface in a volume which contains a large number of grains results in Avrami's relationship. Taking the average free surface of each individual grain gives higher values. Experimental measurements have been carried out in conditions similar to those of the second method. Results obtained by metallographic examination of quenched samples of spheroidal-graphite cast iron and uninoculated lamellar-graphite cast iron are in good agreement with the calculated results as obtained with the second method. This also confirms indirectly Avrami's relationship. Inoculated lamellar-graphite cast iron, however, shows higher values of the free surface during solidification due to the indented shape of the eutectic cells. The free surface relationship during dendrite solidification differs from the one of equiaxed grains and may be approximated by a simple model.
{"title":"Grain impingement during solidification of cast iron","authors":"F. Mampaey, Z. A. Xu","doi":"10.1080/09534962.1994.11819175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09534962.1994.11819175","url":null,"abstract":"Simulations and experiments have been used to study the problem of grain impingement in cast iron. Calculation of the free surface in a volume which contains a large number of grains results in Avrami's relationship. Taking the average free surface of each individual grain gives higher values. Experimental measurements have been carried out in conditions similar to those of the second method. Results obtained by metallographic examination of quenched samples of spheroidal-graphite cast iron and uninoculated lamellar-graphite cast iron are in good agreement with the calculated results as obtained with the second method. This also confirms indirectly Avrami's relationship. Inoculated lamellar-graphite cast iron, however, shows higher values of the free surface during solidification due to the indented shape of the eutectic cells. The free surface relationship during dendrite solidification differs from the one of equiaxed grains and may be approximated by a simple model.","PeriodicalId":9691,"journal":{"name":"Cast Metals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86582238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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