Pub Date : 2025-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123169
Enzo Curti , Jan Tits , Frank Heberling
Recrystallization in aqueous solutions is a ubiquitous process susceptible to control the entrapment and release of toxic contaminants in the subsurface. However, unraveling the underlying mechanisms and driving forces has proven to be elusive, as recrystallization frequently follows different kinetic pathways even for the same mineral, depending on its initial state and pre-treatment. To obtain a better insight, a large body of experimental data from isotope tracer experiments carried out in the past two decades on a variety of minerals (baryte, calcite, calcium-silicate hydrates, goethite, and UO2) was reviewed and modeled, using the HOmogeneous Recrystallization (HOR) and the Continuous HOmogeneous Recrystallization (CHOR) models, both coupled to instantaneous reversible adsorption and denoted as a whole as C(HOR)-Kd models.
In the first part of this contribution, we develop the full mathematical formalism and discuss the model parameters. The second part is devoted to the review, modeling and interpretation of selected data. It is shown that the C(HOR)-Kd models successfully reproduce recrystallization data for widely different minerals, including Fe-isotope data on goethite modeled elsewhere using a different approach (“back-reaction” model). In combination with microscopic characterization data, the modeling results allow us to identify the thermodynamic driving forces controlling the recrystallization kinetics. These include: (i) the reduction of surface energy excess arising from a high density of defects (kink sites, dislocations, steps) and/or a high initial specific surface area; (ii) the spontaneous tendency to increase crystallinity (increase in crystallite size, transformation to a more stable habitus); (iii) the annealing of chemical potential gradients when foreign trace elements are incorporated as solid solution into the recrystallized solid; (iv) the annealing of electric potential gradients in redox active solids (Fe oxy-hydroxides). Our findings demonstrate that mineral recrystallization in aqueous solutions is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple mechanisms correlated to the properties of the primary solid. Accurate predictions on kinetics and extent of recrystallization are possible only after detailed characterization of the solid down to the molecular scale.
{"title":"Driving forces of mineral recrystallization in aqueous solutions derived from kinetic modeling of isotope exchange data","authors":"Enzo Curti , Jan Tits , Frank Heberling","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recrystallization in aqueous solutions is a ubiquitous process susceptible to control the entrapment and release of toxic contaminants in the subsurface. However, unraveling the underlying mechanisms and driving forces has proven to be elusive, as recrystallization frequently follows different kinetic pathways even for the same mineral, depending on its initial state and pre-treatment. To obtain a better insight, a large body of experimental data from isotope tracer experiments carried out in the past two decades on a variety of minerals (baryte, calcite, calcium-silicate hydrates, goethite, and UO<sub>2</sub>) was reviewed and modeled, using the HOmogeneous Recrystallization (HOR) and the Continuous HOmogeneous Recrystallization (CHOR) models, both coupled to instantaneous reversible adsorption and denoted as a whole as C(HOR)-K<sub>d</sub> models.</div><div>In the first part of this contribution, we develop the full mathematical formalism and discuss the model parameters. The second part is devoted to the review, modeling and interpretation of selected data. It is shown that the C(HOR)-K<sub>d</sub> models successfully reproduce recrystallization data for widely different minerals, including Fe-isotope data on goethite modeled elsewhere using a different approach (“back-reaction” model). In combination with microscopic characterization data, the modeling results allow us to identify the thermodynamic driving forces controlling the recrystallization kinetics. These include: (i) the reduction of surface energy excess arising from a high density of defects (kink sites, dislocations, steps) and/or a high initial specific surface area; (ii) the spontaneous tendency to increase crystallinity (increase in crystallite size, transformation to a more stable habitus); (iii) the annealing of chemical potential gradients when foreign trace elements are incorporated as solid solution into the recrystallized solid; (iv) the annealing of electric potential gradients in redox active solids (Fe oxy-hydroxides). Our findings demonstrate that mineral recrystallization in aqueous solutions is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple mechanisms correlated to the properties of the primary solid. Accurate predictions on kinetics and extent of recrystallization are possible only after detailed characterization of the solid down to the molecular scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123168
C. Federico, A. Paonita, R.M.R. Di Martino, S. Bellomo, L. La Pica, G. Pecoraino, A. Gattuso, A.F. Pisciotta, F. Sortino
La Fossa volcano (Vulcano Island, Italy) has remained quiescent since its 1888–1890 eruption, punctuated by unrest characterized by increased vapor output and seismic activity. Fumarole vapor composition, a proxy for magmatic and hydrothermal fluid mixing, responds to enhanced magmatic volatile input during unrest, potentially revealing source characteristics. Besides being a marker of the relative contribution of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids, the fumarole composition can reveal some insights, in particular, into the depth of fluid sources and their composition.
Hypotheses suggest that varying unrest phases involve different depths within the magma reservoir, influencing fluid input into the hydrothermal system and potentially inducing pressurization.
This study presents geochemical and isotopic data from La Fossa's high-temperature fumaroles (2011–2024), including the unrest starting in September 2021. The findings indicate a three-year preparatory phase preceding the 2021 unrest, suggesting the activation of different fluid pathways. The 2021 unrest mobilized previously unobserved gas or magma reservoirs. Identifying geochemical markers linked to specific magma sources can be applied to other volcanoes to decipher degassing histories and hazards. This research underscores the complexity and interconnectedness of volcanic plumbing systems, where activity in one part can influence others, influencing monitoring and interpretation in volcanic regions globally. The interplay of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids, shifts in fluid sources, and the role of degassing in triggering unrest observed at La Fossa are relevant to many active volcanoes worldwide.
{"title":"Geochemistry of La Fossa fumaroles (Vulcano Island, Aeolian Islands) unveils the evolving magmatic sources of the fluid before and during the 2021 unrest","authors":"C. Federico, A. Paonita, R.M.R. Di Martino, S. Bellomo, L. La Pica, G. Pecoraino, A. Gattuso, A.F. Pisciotta, F. Sortino","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>La Fossa volcano (Vulcano Island, Italy) has remained quiescent since its 1888–1890 eruption, punctuated by unrest characterized by increased vapor output and seismic activity. Fumarole vapor composition, a proxy for magmatic and hydrothermal fluid mixing, responds to enhanced magmatic volatile input during unrest, potentially revealing source characteristics. Besides being a marker of the relative contribution of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids, the fumarole composition can reveal some insights, in particular, into the depth of fluid sources and their composition.</div><div>Hypotheses suggest that varying unrest phases involve different depths within the magma reservoir, influencing fluid input into the hydrothermal system and potentially inducing pressurization.</div><div>This study presents geochemical and isotopic data from La Fossa's high-temperature fumaroles (2011–2024), including the unrest starting in September 2021. The findings indicate a three-year preparatory phase preceding the 2021 unrest, suggesting the activation of different fluid pathways. The 2021 unrest mobilized previously unobserved gas or magma reservoirs. Identifying geochemical markers linked to specific magma sources can be applied to other volcanoes to decipher degassing histories and hazards. This research underscores the complexity and interconnectedness of volcanic plumbing systems, where activity in one part can influence others, influencing monitoring and interpretation in volcanic regions globally. The interplay of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids, shifts in fluid sources, and the role of degassing in triggering unrest observed at La Fossa are relevant to many active volcanoes worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"700 ","pages":"Article 123168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123159
Timmu Kreitsmann , Lukas Klose , Dennis Kraemer , Albano Mahecha , Simona Regenspurg , Franziska D.H. Wilke , Michael Bau
Alkaline lakes in the East African Rift System represent unique environments that have attracted considerable scientific attention over the years. Their significance has grown further due to their astrobiological relevance and potential economic interest. Surprisingly, only limited data are available on trace elements, and more specifically, rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in these systems. In this study, we present a new, comprehensive dataset of REY and other trace elements from alkaline lakes and associated hot springs in northern Tanzania. Our results reveal elevated concentrations of REY, W, Sc, and U, which are attributable to the presence of strong ligands (carbonate and phosphate), complexation with humic acids, and accumulation through evaporation. Shale-normalised REY patterns in the alkaline lakes are characterised by HREY enrichment over LREY, positive Ce anomalies, and fractionated Y/Ho ratios. These patterns are controlled by the distinctive physicochemical conditions within the lakes, rather than by the composition of inflowing river or hot spring waters; i.e., the REY distribution of the source rock does not appear to control the REY distribution in the water. Enrichment of HREY is driven by strong complexation with carbonate and phosphate, along with the preferential removal of LREY through scavenging by particles. Notably, the resemblance between the shale-normalised REY patterns of alkaline lakes and those of seawater precipitates highlights the need for caution when interpreting such signatures in the geological record, when the typical negative Ce anomaly of seawater is suppressed.
{"title":"Critical metal inventory of alkaline lakes of Northern Tanzania: Geochemical controls on rare earth element and Sc, W, and U distribution","authors":"Timmu Kreitsmann , Lukas Klose , Dennis Kraemer , Albano Mahecha , Simona Regenspurg , Franziska D.H. Wilke , Michael Bau","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline lakes in the East African Rift System represent unique environments that have attracted considerable scientific attention over the years. Their significance has grown further due to their astrobiological relevance and potential economic interest. Surprisingly, only limited data are available on trace elements, and more specifically, rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in these systems. In this study, we present a new, comprehensive dataset of REY and other trace elements from alkaline lakes and associated hot springs in northern Tanzania. Our results reveal elevated concentrations of REY, W, Sc, and U, which are attributable to the presence of strong ligands (carbonate and phosphate), complexation with humic acids, and accumulation through evaporation. Shale-normalised REY patterns in the alkaline lakes are characterised by HREY enrichment over LREY, positive Ce anomalies, and fractionated Y/Ho ratios. These patterns are controlled by the distinctive physicochemical conditions within the lakes, rather than by the composition of inflowing river or hot spring waters; i.e., the REY distribution of the source rock does not appear to control the REY distribution in the water. Enrichment of HREY is driven by strong complexation with carbonate and phosphate, along with the preferential removal of LREY through scavenging by particles. Notably, the resemblance between the shale-normalised REY patterns of alkaline lakes and those of seawater precipitates highlights the need for caution when interpreting such signatures in the geological record, when the typical negative Ce anomaly of seawater is suppressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123147
Jussi S. Heinonen , Arto V. Luttinen
Handheld (or portable) X-ray fluorescence (hXRF) technology has advanced significantly, enabling quality geochemical analysis in field conditions. We used a hXRF device (Olympus Vanta VMR-CCC-G3) to analyze major and trace elements in Jurassic continental flood basalts at Vestfjella, western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Calibration was performed using basalt samples with existing laboratory XRF data. Samples were cut and polished at the research station, and multiple measurements were averaged per sample, with more detailed analysis for coarse-grained textures. Over 300 lava units were analyzed on-site. Semi-quantitative data were obtained for major and minor elements (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, K, P) and trace elements (V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, Y). Co was excluded due to lack of standard data. Most elements showed rather low coefficient of within-sample variation <12 % (2 s), while Cr, Rb, and Ba showed higher variability (15–25 %). Some discrepancies in light elements such as Si and Al compared to lab data were attributed to sample heterogeneity, field conditions, and degradation of the hXRF window protective film, which was corrected using time-integrated factors. Elements such as Ti, P, Zr, Y, and Ni were key in distinguishing basalt types and tracing their volcanic sources and magmatic evolution. In addition, a previously unknown ferropicritic lava unit was discovered. This study demonstrates the potential of hXRF for semi-quantitative geochemical analysis and its value in guiding field-based petrological investigations, especially in remote environments where traditional sampling is limited.
手持（或便携式）x射线荧光（hXRF）技术取得了显着进步，使现场条件下的高质量地球化学分析成为可能。利用hXRF仪器（Olympus Vanta VMR-CCC-G3）对南极洲西部Dronning Maud Land Vestfjella侏罗纪陆相洪泛玄武岩进行了主微量元素分析。使用现有实验室XRF数据的玄武岩样品进行校准。样品在研究站进行切割和抛光，并对每个样品进行多次平均测量，对粗粒纹理进行更详细的分析。现场分析了300多个熔岩单元。获得了主微量元素（Si、Ti、Al、Fe、Mn、Mg、Ca、K、P）和微量元素（V、Ni、Cu、Zn、Sr、Zr、Y）的半定量数据。Co因缺乏标准数据而被排除在外。大多数元素的样本内变异系数较低，为12%（2秒），而Cr、Rb和Ba的变异系数较高（15 - 25%）。与实验室数据相比，Si和Al等轻元素的一些差异归因于样品异质性、现场条件和hXRF窗口保护膜的降解，并使用时间积分因子进行了校正。Ti、P、Zr、Y、Ni等元素是区分玄武岩类型、追踪玄武岩火山来源和岩浆演化的关键。此外，还发现了一个以前不为人知的铁质熔岩单元。这项研究证明了hXRF在半定量地球化学分析方面的潜力及其在指导野外岩石学调查方面的价值，特别是在传统采样有限的偏远环境中。
{"title":"Tracing the volcanic sources and differentiation of flood basalts using handheld XRF","authors":"Jussi S. Heinonen , Arto V. Luttinen","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Handheld (or portable) X-ray fluorescence (hXRF) technology has advanced significantly, enabling quality geochemical analysis in field conditions. We used a hXRF device (Olympus Vanta VMR-CCC-G3) to analyze major and trace elements in Jurassic continental flood basalts at Vestfjella, western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Calibration was performed using basalt samples with existing laboratory XRF data. Samples were cut and polished at the research station, and multiple measurements were averaged per sample, with more detailed analysis for coarse-grained textures. Over 300 lava units were analyzed on-site. Semi-quantitative data were obtained for major and minor elements (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, K, P) and trace elements (V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, Y). Co was excluded due to lack of standard data. Most elements showed rather low coefficient of within-sample variation <12 % (2 s), while Cr, Rb, and Ba showed higher variability (15–25 %). Some discrepancies in light elements such as Si and Al compared to lab data were attributed to sample heterogeneity, field conditions, and degradation of the hXRF window protective film, which was corrected using time-integrated factors. Elements such as Ti, P, Zr, Y, and Ni were key in distinguishing basalt types and tracing their volcanic sources and magmatic evolution. In addition, a previously unknown ferropicritic lava unit was discovered. This study demonstrates the potential of hXRF for semi-quantitative geochemical analysis and its value in guiding field-based petrological investigations, especially in remote environments where traditional sampling is limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123155
Dongmei Qi , Chao Zhang , Nuo Li , Marina Lazarov
Vapor transport is a critical mechanism for metal sequestration, enrichment, and isotope fractionation in geological systems. However, the isotopic fractionation of metals, such as copper (Cu), during open-system vapor transport has not been experimentally calibrated. To address this, we simulated vapor condensation in an open system and investigated the Cu isotope composition variation during rapid cooling and depressurization. Vapor-like fluids were produced from reactions between copper, copper chloride (CuCl) solids and H2O, HCl solutions at 800°C and 200 MPa. Experiments were performed in argon cold seal pressure vessels (Ar-CSPVs). The cooling process induced phase separation and resulted in up to 50% fluid loss, mimicking vapor escape from a magmatic system. A reference experiment with no fluid loss exhibited negligible isotopic fractionation, with final fluid compositions matching that of the starting materials. In contrast, significant fluid loss led to the enrichment of 65Cu in the residual fluids. Fractionations up to 2.12 ± 0.04‰ were observed between the final fluid and initial solid, most apparent for the chloride system. This systematic isotopic shift conforms to a kinetic Rayleigh fractionation model, implying that vapor removal as the main cause for Cu isotope fractionation. The expelled vapor preferentially concentrates the lighter isotope of 63Cu, while vapor condensation during cooling and depressurization enriches the residual fluid in 65Cu. These findings demonstrated that vapor escape during incipient phase transition can induce significant Cu isotope fractionation in open systems. Consequently, the use of Cu isotopes has direct implications for tracing fluid evolution pathways, identifying metal sources, and understanding metal enrichment processes in porphyry, epithermal, and other volcanic-hydrothermal systems.
{"title":"Vapor transport-induced Cu isotope fractionation: insights from open-system fluid cooling experiments","authors":"Dongmei Qi , Chao Zhang , Nuo Li , Marina Lazarov","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vapor transport is a critical mechanism for metal sequestration, enrichment, and isotope fractionation in geological systems. However, the isotopic fractionation of metals, such as copper (Cu), during open-system vapor transport has not been experimentally calibrated. To address this, we simulated vapor condensation in an open system and investigated the Cu isotope composition variation during rapid cooling and depressurization. Vapor-like fluids were produced from reactions between copper, copper chloride (CuCl) solids and H<sub>2</sub>O, HCl solutions at 800°C and 200 MPa. Experiments were performed in argon cold seal pressure vessels (Ar-CSPVs). The cooling process induced phase separation and resulted in up to 50% fluid loss, mimicking vapor escape from a magmatic system. A reference experiment with no fluid loss exhibited negligible isotopic fractionation, with final fluid compositions matching that of the starting materials. In contrast, significant fluid loss led to the enrichment of <sup>65</sup>Cu in the residual fluids. Fractionations up to 2.12 ± 0.04‰ were observed between the final fluid and initial solid, most apparent for the chloride system. This systematic isotopic shift conforms to a kinetic Rayleigh fractionation model, implying that vapor removal as the main cause for Cu isotope fractionation. The expelled vapor preferentially concentrates the lighter isotope of <sup>63</sup>Cu, while vapor condensation during cooling and depressurization enriches the residual fluid in <sup>65</sup>Cu. These findings demonstrated that vapor escape during incipient phase transition can induce significant Cu isotope fractionation in open systems. Consequently, the use of Cu isotopes has direct implications for tracing fluid evolution pathways, identifying metal sources, and understanding metal enrichment processes in porphyry, epithermal, and other volcanic-hydrothermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123157
Bastien Audran , Marc Ulrich , Yannick Branquet , Guillaume Barré , Georges Beaudoin , Philippe Boulvais
Serpentinization is a widespread hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks, particularly peridotites, resulting in the formation of serpentinite through hydration processes. While the behavior of fluid-mobile elements (FME; e.g. B, Li, Cl, As, Sb, Pb, U, Th, Cs, Sr, Ba) during serpentinization is well documented, the mobility of other elements (e.g. base metals) remains poorly constrained. We analyzed bulk rock compositions of pairs of poorly and highly serpentinized peridotite rocks from the Ronda Massif (Spain), complemented by in situ LA-ICP-MS mineral analyses. The Loss On Ignition (LOI) content of whole rock represents a good proxy for serpentinization intensity. Ca, Al, Cu, V, and Ti are increasingly mobilized during the initial stages of pervasive serpentinization. In a second stage corresponding to total serpentinization along cm-wide, several meters-long corridors, a systematic loss in Ca, Al, Rb, Sr, REE Hf, Ti, Cu, and V was observed. In contrast, during the third stage of serpentinization corresponding to late faulting only Ca and Cu were leached. The trace element composition of serpentine minerals, including Ti, V, and Zn, is influenced by the primary mineral assemblage, particularly olivine and pyroxenes. In contrast, the mobility of Al and Ca from millimeter to meter scale is notably linked to the bastite-pyroxene and serpentine mesh texture-olivine transformation. Co, Ni, Zn, and Cr depletion in serpentine within veins is compensated by their significant incorporation into magnetite. Copper is systematically leached from serpentinized rocks, suggesting that serpentinization likely serves as a significant source for Cu-rich hydrothermal metallogenic systems hosted in ultramafic rocks.
{"title":"Element mobilities during serpentinization: Insights from the Ronda Massif, Spain","authors":"Bastien Audran , Marc Ulrich , Yannick Branquet , Guillaume Barré , Georges Beaudoin , Philippe Boulvais","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serpentinization is a widespread hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks, particularly peridotites, resulting in the formation of serpentinite through hydration processes. While the behavior of fluid-mobile elements (FME; e.g. B, Li, Cl, As, Sb, Pb, U, Th, Cs, Sr, Ba) during serpentinization is well documented, the mobility of other elements (e.g. base metals) remains poorly constrained. We analyzed bulk rock compositions of pairs of poorly and highly serpentinized peridotite rocks from the Ronda Massif (Spain), complemented by in situ LA-ICP-MS mineral analyses. The Loss On Ignition (LOI) content of whole rock represents a good proxy for serpentinization intensity. Ca, Al, Cu, V, and Ti are increasingly mobilized during the initial stages of pervasive serpentinization. In a second stage corresponding to total serpentinization along cm-wide, several meters-long corridors, a systematic loss in Ca, Al, Rb, Sr, REE Hf, Ti, Cu, and V was observed. In contrast, during the third stage of serpentinization corresponding to late faulting only Ca and Cu were leached. The trace element composition of serpentine minerals, including Ti, V, and Zn, is influenced by the primary mineral assemblage, particularly olivine and pyroxenes. In contrast, the mobility of Al and Ca from millimeter to meter scale is notably linked to the bastite-pyroxene and serpentine mesh texture-olivine transformation. Co, Ni, Zn, and Cr depletion in serpentine within veins is compensated by their significant incorporation into magnetite. Copper is systematically leached from serpentinized rocks, suggesting that serpentinization likely serves as a significant source for Cu-rich hydrothermal metallogenic systems hosted in ultramafic rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123152
M. López Correa , M. Regelous , W. Blendinger , W. Werner , S. Lohmeier
The Late Jurassic seawater 87Sr/86Sr composition is constrained by relatively few data of well preserved and dated fossils, mainly from the Boreal realm, and data from Tethyan shelves are very limited. The previous seawater curve shows a continuous and nearly linear rise from a minimum in the Oxfordian through the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian. In order to improve the resolution of the 87Sr/86Sr curve with data from the Tethyan realm, 33 new 87Sr/86Sr data for 22 Kimmeridgian to Tithonian belemnites from the Franconian Jurassic, Germany, are supported by 52 δ18O and δ13C analyses of both belemnites, and the limestone matrix in which they are preserved. The stable isotope results of belemnite constituents are compatible with existing data, and all diagenetically altered parts of belemnites (apical area, microfractured, recrystallized and marginal parts of the rostrum) show isotope shifts towards matrix values. The originally aragonitic septa show very negative δ18O (−9.1 to −11.8 ‰) and δ13C (−2.6 to −5.3 ‰), probably due to disequilibrium fractionation, i.e., vital effects. The 87Sr/86Sr data of belemnite rostra, composed of unaltered low-Mg calcite (0.706888 to 0.707072) by and large overlap the previously inferred seawater 87Sr/86Sr curve, but provide more details, showing an apparent more stepwise increase during the Late Jurassic, with rapid increases followed by invariant ratios. Jurassic seawater 87Sr/86Sr was most likely uniform, but data from well preserved and dated belemnites of the same age show a small but significant variation in 87Sr/86Sr of up to 0.000018. This is most likely an artifact caused by unintentional sample contamination with macroscopically pristine but microfractured areas, attached matrix, or the apical zone. The stepwise increase of Late Jurassic seawater 87Sr/86Sr could also be an artifact caused by inaccuracies in the absolute ages assumed for Late Jurassic ammonite zone boundaries and imprecise relative ages within ammonite zones. Alternatively, changes in Jurassic seawater 87Sr/86Sr occurred far more rapidly (∼0.000200 per Ma) than the residence time of Sr would suggest, similar to increases previously reported for Phanerozoic anoxic events and related to the change in the flux of Sr from the continents.
{"title":"Seawater Sr isotopes in belemnites from the Upper Jurassic of southern Germany","authors":"M. López Correa , M. Regelous , W. Blendinger , W. Werner , S. Lohmeier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Late Jurassic seawater <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr composition is constrained by relatively few data of well preserved and dated fossils, mainly from the Boreal realm, and data from Tethyan shelves are very limited. The previous seawater curve shows a continuous and nearly linear rise from a minimum in the Oxfordian through the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian. In order to improve the resolution of the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr curve with data from the Tethyan realm, 33 new <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr data for 22 Kimmeridgian to Tithonian belemnites from the Franconian Jurassic, Germany, are supported by 52 δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>13</sup>C analyses of both belemnites, and the limestone matrix in which they are preserved. The stable isotope results of belemnite constituents are compatible with existing data, and all diagenetically altered parts of belemnites (apical area, microfractured, recrystallized and marginal parts of the rostrum) show isotope shifts towards matrix values. The originally aragonitic septa show very negative δ<sup>18</sup>O (−9.1 to −11.8 ‰) and δ<sup>13</sup>C (−2.6 to −5.3 ‰), probably due to disequilibrium fractionation, i.e., vital effects. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr data of belemnite rostra, composed of unaltered low-Mg calcite (0.706888 to 0.707072) by and large overlap the previously inferred seawater <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr curve, but provide more details, showing an apparent more stepwise increase during the Late Jurassic, with rapid increases followed by invariant ratios. Jurassic seawater <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr was most likely uniform, but data from well preserved and dated belemnites of the same age show a small but significant variation in <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr of up to 0.000018. This is most likely an artifact caused by unintentional sample contamination with macroscopically pristine but microfractured areas, attached matrix, or the apical zone. The stepwise increase of Late Jurassic seawater <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr could also be an artifact caused by inaccuracies in the absolute ages assumed for Late Jurassic ammonite zone boundaries and imprecise relative ages within ammonite zones. Alternatively, changes in Jurassic seawater <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr occurred far more rapidly (∼0.000200 per Ma) than the residence time of Sr would suggest, similar to increases previously reported for Phanerozoic anoxic events and related to the change in the flux of Sr from the continents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145554263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123153
Mikaela Krona , Simone Tumiati , Luca Toffolo , Omar Bartoli , Bruna B. Carvalho , Dominik Sorger , Donald B. Dingwell , Bernardo Cesare
Graphite is a common accessory mineral in metasedimentary rocks and is a potential source of carbon during anatexis. Its presence constrains the composition of C-O-H fluids, and thus acts as a fluid buffer. To date, experiments on H2O-CO2 mixed volatile solubility have focused primarily on binary H2O-CO2 fluids which are not representative of graphite-buffered systems where ternary H2O-CO2-CH4 mixtures occur. In this study, we have conducted solubility experiments in graphite- and fluid-saturated haplogranitic melts at 0.5 and 1 GPa, between 800 and 1000 °C. The double-capsule technique was employed to impose graphite-buffered redox conditions. Equilibration of graphite and H2O produces a ternary C-O-H fluid, modelling the behavior of an internally-buffered graphitic system during dehydration melting. The resultant composition of the fluid phase (determined ex-situ) corresponds to a ternary H2O-CO2-CH4 mixture with H2O contents ranging from 68 to 96 mol%. The maximum CO2 contents dissolved in the glasses range from 0.12 to 0.2 wt%, and the H2O contents vary from 8 to 11 wt%. Although present in the C-O-H fluid, dissolved CH4 was not detected in the glass, indicating negligible solubility. Comparison with previous experimental studies reveals that the carbon contents of the glasses are consistently lower than those previously documented in experiments equilibrated with binary H2O-CO2 fluids. We further observe that solubility models overestimate the CO2 contents of the melts studied here. Since melting of metasediments can occur in various geological settings, our results emphasize the need to consider ternary C-O-H fluids in solubility models in order to address graphite-buffered anatectic systems.
{"title":"Volatile solubility in fluid-saturated haplogranitic melts under graphite-buffered redox conditions","authors":"Mikaela Krona , Simone Tumiati , Luca Toffolo , Omar Bartoli , Bruna B. Carvalho , Dominik Sorger , Donald B. Dingwell , Bernardo Cesare","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphite is a common accessory mineral in metasedimentary rocks and is a potential source of carbon during anatexis. Its presence constrains the composition of C-O-H fluids, and thus acts as a fluid buffer. To date, experiments on H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub> mixed volatile solubility have focused primarily on binary H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub> fluids which are not representative of graphite-buffered systems where ternary H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>4</sub> mixtures occur. In this study, we have conducted solubility experiments in graphite- and fluid-saturated haplogranitic melts at 0.5 and 1 GPa, between 800 and 1000 °C. The double-capsule technique was employed to impose graphite-buffered redox conditions. Equilibration of graphite and H<sub>2</sub>O produces a ternary C-O-H fluid, modelling the behavior of an internally-buffered graphitic system during dehydration melting. The resultant composition of the fluid phase (determined ex-situ) corresponds to a ternary H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>4</sub> mixture with H<sub>2</sub>O contents ranging from 68 to 96 mol%. The maximum CO<sub>2</sub> contents dissolved in the glasses range from 0.12 to 0.2 wt%, and the H<sub>2</sub>O contents vary from 8 to 11 wt%. Although present in the C-O-H fluid, dissolved CH<sub>4</sub> was not detected in the glass, indicating negligible solubility. Comparison with previous experimental studies reveals that the carbon contents of the glasses are consistently lower than those previously documented in experiments equilibrated with binary H<sub>2</sub>O-CO<sub>2</sub> fluids. We further observe that solubility models overestimate the CO<sub>2</sub> contents of the melts studied here. Since melting of metasediments can occur in various geological settings, our results emphasize the need to consider ternary C-O-H fluids in solubility models in order to address graphite-buffered anatectic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"700 ","pages":"Article 123153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123158
Jaxon Dii Horne , Larissa P. Costa , Brian Haley , Karen H. Johannesson
We conducted batch adsorption experiments to examine the adsorption behavior of the 14 naturally occurring lanthanides and yttrium (Y) onto synthetic goethite (α-FeOOH), focusing on the interactions that govern rare earth element (REE) and Y retention in natural environments. Goethite is among the most common Fe(III) oxide/oxyhydroxides in aquifer and sedimentary systems (van der Zee et al., 2003), yet few surface complexation model (SCM) has previously been developed specifically for REE sorption onto this mineral. To fill this gap, we generated adsorption edges and isotherms across a pH range of 2.5 to 10.5 and used these data to parameterize a generalized double-layer SCM. The model accounts for both strong and weak surface sites binding of free REE3+ (≡FeOLn2+) and weak carbonate complex (≡FeOLnCO₃+). The mass action reactions capture the adsorption trends and fractionation patterns (La-Lu) observed experimentally with log ranging from 10.01 to 9.73 for strong sites (≡(s)FeOLn2+), 3.81 to 3.39 for weak sites (≡(w)FeOLn2+), and − 0.52 to −0.33 for weak site carbonate complexation (≡(w)FeOLnCO₃+). These results provide the calibrated framework for predicting REE partitioning onto goethite, which is increasingly relevant as REEs driven by their widespread use in high-technology and green energy industries are recognized as emerging environmental contaminants (e.g., Kulaksiz & Bau, 2013; Gwenzi et al., 2018). By quantifying how pH, carbonate speciation (Cantrell & Byrne, 1987; Byrne & Kim, 1990), and surface site heterogeneity govern REE adsorption, this study establishes a transferable SCM for application to groundwater, sediment, and early diagenetic environments, where Fe-oxyhydroxides control REE cycling and mobility.
我们进行了批量吸附实验，研究了14种天然镧系元素和钇(Y)在合成针铁矿（α-FeOOH）上的吸附行为，重点研究了自然环境中稀土元素（REE）和Y保留的相互作用。针铁矿是含水层和沉积系统中最常见的铁（III）氧化物/氢氧化物之一（van der Zee et al., 2003），但之前很少有专门用于稀土吸附到这种矿物上的表面络合模型（SCM）。为了填补这一空白，我们在pH值2.5至10.5范围内生成了吸附边和等温线，并使用这些数据来参数化广义双层SCM。该模型考虑了自由REE3+(≡FeOLn2+)和弱碳酸盐配合物（≡FeOLnCO₃+）的强和弱表面位点结合。质量作用反应捕获了实验观察到的吸附趋势和分馏模式（La-Lu），对强位（≡(s)FeOLn2+）， log KM∗范围从10.01到9.73，对弱位（≡(w)FeOLn2+）， 3.81到3.39，对弱位碳酸盐络合（≡(w)FeOLnCO₃+），−0.52到−0.33。这些结果为预测稀土元素在针铁矿上的分配提供了校准框架，随着稀土元素在高科技和绿色能源行业的广泛使用，稀土元素被认为是新兴的环境污染物，这一点越来越重要（例如，Kulaksiz & Bau, 2013； Gwenzi等人，2018）。通过量化pH值、碳酸盐形态（Cantrell & Byrne, 1987; Byrne & Kim, 1990）和地表非均质性对稀土吸附的影响，本研究建立了一个可转移的SCM，适用于地下水、沉积物和早期成岩环境，在这些环境中，铁氧氢氧化物控制稀土循环和迁移。
{"title":"A surface complexation model for simulating sorption of rare earth elements onto goethite in low ionic strength (I = 0.01 M) aqueous solutions for use in groundwater flow systems","authors":"Jaxon Dii Horne , Larissa P. Costa , Brian Haley , Karen H. Johannesson","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted batch adsorption experiments to examine the adsorption behavior of the 14 naturally occurring lanthanides and yttrium (Y) onto synthetic goethite (α-FeOOH), focusing on the interactions that govern rare earth element (REE) and Y retention in natural environments. Goethite is among the most common Fe(III) oxide/oxyhydroxides in aquifer and sedimentary systems (van der Zee et al., 2003), yet few surface complexation model (SCM) has previously been developed specifically for REE sorption onto this mineral. To fill this gap, we generated adsorption edges and isotherms across a pH range of 2.5 to 10.5 and used these data to parameterize a generalized double-layer SCM. The model accounts for both strong and weak surface sites binding of free REE<sup>3+</sup> (≡FeOLn<sup>2+</sup>) and weak carbonate complex (≡FeOLnCO₃<sup>+</sup>). The mass action reactions capture the adsorption trends and fractionation patterns (La-Lu) observed experimentally with log <span><math><msubsup><mi>K</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>∗</mo></msubsup></math></span> ranging from 10.01 to 9.73 for strong sites (≡(s)FeOLn<sup>2+</sup>), 3.81 to 3.39 for weak sites (≡(w)FeOLn<sup>2+</sup>), and − 0.52 to −0.33 for weak site carbonate complexation (≡(w)FeOLnCO₃<sup>+</sup>). These results provide the calibrated framework for predicting REE partitioning onto goethite, which is increasingly relevant as REEs driven by their widespread use in high-technology and green energy industries are recognized as emerging environmental contaminants (e.g., Kulaksiz & Bau, 2013; Gwenzi et al., 2018). By quantifying how pH, carbonate speciation (Cantrell & Byrne, 1987; Byrne & Kim, 1990), and surface site heterogeneity govern REE adsorption, this study establishes a transferable SCM for application to groundwater, sediment, and early diagenetic environments, where Fe-oxyhydroxides control REE cycling and mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"699 ","pages":"Article 123158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123148
Úna C. Farrell, Hunter C. Olson, Maya O. Thompson, Michelle L. Abshire, Oyeleye O. Adeboye, Anne-Sofie C. Ahm, Lewis J. Alcott, Thomas J. Algeo, Ross P. Anderson, Arif H. Ansari, Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos, Kohen W. Bauer, Brian Beaty, Justin E. Birdwell, Fred T. Bowyer, Jochen J. Brocks, Tessa Brunoir, James F. Busch, Donald E. Canfield, Fabrício A. Caxito, Chao Chang, Meng Cheng, Jean N.R. Clemente, David R. Cordie, Peter W. Crockford, Huan Cui, Celeste M. Cunningham, Tais W. Dahl, Janaina Rodrigues de Paula, Carol M. Dehler, Lucas Del Mouro, Keith Dewing, Dermeval Aparecido do Carmo, Stephen Q. Dornbos, Nadja Drabon, Julie A. Dumoulin, Omabehere Innocent Ejeh, Emily Ellefson, Maya Elrick, Joseph F. Emmings, Bokanda Ekoko Eric, Hao Fang, Gabriella Fazio, Henrique A. Fernandes, Katherine L. French, Robert R. Gaines, Richard M. Gaschnig, Timothy M. Gibson, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Karin Goldberg, Zheng Gong, Amy P.I. Hagen, Galen P. Halverson, Kalev Hantsoo, Emma R. Haxen, Miles A. Henderson, João P.T.M. Hippertt, Malcolm S.W. Hodgskiss, Paul F. Hoffman, Edward C. Huang, Benjamin W. Johnson, Pavel B. Kabanov, Junyao Kang, C. Brenhin Keller, Brian Kendall, Julien Kimmig, Sara R. Kimmig, Michael A. Kipp, Andrew H. Knoll, Timmu Kreitsmann, Anurag A. Kulkarni, Alexandra Kunert, Marcus Kunzmann, Jiankang Lai, Richard O. Lease, Chao Li, Sen Li, Alex G. Lipp, Yang Liu, David K. Loydell, Xinze Lu, Katie M. Maloney, Kaarel Mänd, Alexie E.G. Millikin, N. Tanner Mills, Kento Motomura, Chiza N. Mwinde, Lyle L. Nelson, Nora M. Nieminski, Brennan O'Connell, Edel O'Sullivan, Juliana Okubo, Jaden K. Olah, Frantz Ossa Ossa, Chadlin M. Ostrander, Kärt Paiste, Camille A. Partin, Egberto Pereira, Shanan E. Peters, Tiffany Playter, Susannah M. Porter, Simon W. Poulton, Sara B. Pruss, Zhen Qiu, Daven P. Quinn, Mariano Remírez, Sebastian Richiano, Sylvain Richoz, Kathryn I. Rico, Samantha R. Ritzer, Zachary Roney, Alan D. Rooney, William C. Rose, Elias J. Rugen, Swapan K. Sahoo, Shane D. Schoepfer, Judith A. Sclafani, Nathan D. Sheldon, Yanan Shen, Graham A. Shields, Pulkit Singh, Arvind Kumar Singh, Sarah P. Slotznick, Emily F. Smith, Haijun Song, Sam C. Spinks, Richard G. Stockey, Justin V. Strauss, Eva E. Stüeken, Zongyuan Sun, Dongjie Tang, Lidya G. Tarhan, Danielle Thomson, Nicholas J. Tosca, Rosalie Tostevin, Chenyi Tu, Maoli N. Vizcaíno, Yuxuan Wang, Changle Wang, Xiaomei Wang, Lucas Veríssimo Warren, Lucy C. Webb, Philip R. Wilby, Christina R. Woltz, Rachel Wood, Yuyang Wu, Xiuqing Yang, Inessa A. Yurchenko, Junpeng Zhang, Jessica H. Whiteside, Benjamin C. Gill, Akshay K. Mehra, Kimberly V. Lau, Noah Planavsky, David T. Johnston, Erik A. Sperling
{"title":"TEMPORARY REMOVAL: The sedimentary geochemistry and paleoenvironments project phase 2 data release: An open data resource for the study of Earth's environmental history","authors":"Úna C. Farrell, Hunter C. Olson, Maya O. Thompson, Michelle L. Abshire, Oyeleye O. Adeboye, Anne-Sofie C. Ahm, Lewis J. Alcott, Thomas J. Algeo, Ross P. Anderson, Arif H. Ansari, Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos, Kohen W. Bauer, Brian Beaty, Justin E. Birdwell, Fred T. Bowyer, Jochen J. Brocks, Tessa Brunoir, James F. Busch, Donald E. Canfield, Fabrício A. Caxito, Chao Chang, Meng Cheng, Jean N.R. Clemente, David R. Cordie, Peter W. Crockford, Huan Cui, Celeste M. Cunningham, Tais W. Dahl, Janaina Rodrigues de Paula, Carol M. Dehler, Lucas Del Mouro, Keith Dewing, Dermeval Aparecido do Carmo, Stephen Q. Dornbos, Nadja Drabon, Julie A. Dumoulin, Omabehere Innocent Ejeh, Emily Ellefson, Maya Elrick, Joseph F. Emmings, Bokanda Ekoko Eric, Hao Fang, Gabriella Fazio, Henrique A. Fernandes, Katherine L. French, Robert R. Gaines, Richard M. Gaschnig, Timothy M. Gibson, Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau, Karin Goldberg, Zheng Gong, Amy P.I. Hagen, Galen P. Halverson, Kalev Hantsoo, Emma R. Haxen, Miles A. Henderson, João P.T.M. Hippertt, Malcolm S.W. Hodgskiss, Paul F. Hoffman, Edward C. Huang, Benjamin W. Johnson, Pavel B. Kabanov, Junyao Kang, C. Brenhin Keller, Brian Kendall, Julien Kimmig, Sara R. Kimmig, Michael A. Kipp, Andrew H. Knoll, Timmu Kreitsmann, Anurag A. Kulkarni, Alexandra Kunert, Marcus Kunzmann, Jiankang Lai, Richard O. Lease, Chao Li, Sen Li, Alex G. Lipp, Yang Liu, David K. Loydell, Xinze Lu, Katie M. Maloney, Kaarel Mänd, Alexie E.G. Millikin, N. Tanner Mills, Kento Motomura, Chiza N. Mwinde, Lyle L. Nelson, Nora M. Nieminski, Brennan O'Connell, Edel O'Sullivan, Juliana Okubo, Jaden K. Olah, Frantz Ossa Ossa, Chadlin M. Ostrander, Kärt Paiste, Camille A. Partin, Egberto Pereira, Shanan E. Peters, Tiffany Playter, Susannah M. Porter, Simon W. Poulton, Sara B. Pruss, Zhen Qiu, Daven P. Quinn, Mariano Remírez, Sebastian Richiano, Sylvain Richoz, Kathryn I. Rico, Samantha R. Ritzer, Zachary Roney, Alan D. Rooney, William C. Rose, Elias J. Rugen, Swapan K. Sahoo, Shane D. Schoepfer, Judith A. Sclafani, Nathan D. Sheldon, Yanan Shen, Graham A. Shields, Pulkit Singh, Arvind Kumar Singh, Sarah P. Slotznick, Emily F. Smith, Haijun Song, Sam C. Spinks, Richard G. Stockey, Justin V. Strauss, Eva E. Stüeken, Zongyuan Sun, Dongjie Tang, Lidya G. Tarhan, Danielle Thomson, Nicholas J. Tosca, Rosalie Tostevin, Chenyi Tu, Maoli N. Vizcaíno, Yuxuan Wang, Changle Wang, Xiaomei Wang, Lucas Veríssimo Warren, Lucy C. Webb, Philip R. Wilby, Christina R. Woltz, Rachel Wood, Yuyang Wu, Xiuqing Yang, Inessa A. Yurchenko, Junpeng Zhang, Jessica H. Whiteside, Benjamin C. Gill, Akshay K. Mehra, Kimberly V. Lau, Noah Planavsky, David T. Johnston, Erik A. Sperling","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.123148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9847,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Geology","volume":"375 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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