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Advances in biogas technology 沼气技术的进步
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90119-8
P.N. Hobson
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引用次数: 1
Shorter notices 较短的通知
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90038-7
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引用次数: 0
Nitrogen losses from swine housings 猪舍的氮损失
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90126-5
D. Burton, E. Beauchamp
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引用次数: 43
Slurry dairy manure as corn nutrient source 乳粪浆作为玉米营养源
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90004-1
L.M. Safley Jr. , P.W. Westerman , J.C. Barker , L.D. King , D.T. Bowman

Application of slurry dairy manure were made on five different farms in the Piedmonts region of North Carolina for three consecutive springs and two falls. The manure supplied sufficient nutrients to produce corn (Zea mays L.) silage yields comparable with commercial fertilizer applications at soil test recommendations. The calculated availability of manurial N varied between farms. Yield was usually not significantly different for fall and spring applications of manure, but sometimes the spring manure application resulted in greater yield. The use of a nitrification inhibitor in fall-applied dairy slurry did not give significant yield differences when compared with similar fall treatments that did not receive this material. For maximum manure utilization efficiency application rates should be below 224kg N ha−1 (80 m3 manure ha−1). The slurry manure nutrient concentrations were found to vary considerably between farms and from season to season at a given farm, indicating the desirability of seasonal manurial analysis. Some test sites, due to previou manure and/or fertilizer applications, were found to be unresponsive to either manure or fertilizer applications. Nitrogen availability (NA) was found to vary with site; however, spring manure applications appear to give higher NA values.

在北卡罗莱纳皮埃蒙特地区的五个不同的农场连续三个春季和两个秋季施用浆料牛粪。粪肥提供了足够的营养，使玉米青贮产量与土壤试验建议的商业施肥相当。计算出的氮肥有效度在不同的农场之间有所不同。春季和秋季施用有机肥产量差异不显著，但有时春季施用有机肥产量更高。与没有使用这种材料的类似秋季处理相比，在秋季施用的乳浆中使用硝化抑制剂并没有产生显着的产量差异。为了获得最大的粪肥利用效率，施肥量应低于224kg N ha - 1 (80 m3粪肥ha - 1)。在一个特定的农场中，不同的农场和不同的季节，发现浆液肥料的营养浓度有很大的变化，这表明季节性肥料分析的必要性。由于以前施用过粪肥和/或化肥，一些试验点被发现对粪肥或化肥施用没有反应。氮有效性(NA)随场地的不同而不同;然而，施用春肥似乎能获得更高的NA值。
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引用次数: 9
Nitrogen transformations in an aerated lagoon treating piggery wastes 曝气泻湖处理养猪场废物中的氮转化
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90064-8
Jan A. Oleszkiewicz

Effluents from anaerobic lagoons were treated in two parallel aerated lagoons, at variable organic load and hydraulic residence time. The removal of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) was found to increase rapidly at higher TKN food to microorganisms (F/M) ratios. At BOD F/M ratios below 0·6 kg kg−1 day−1 nitrification manifested itself through accumulation of oxidised forms of nitrogen. The apparent decrease in denitrification, evidenced by nitrites and nitrates present at these loads, can be attributed to an inadequate supply of easily available carbon as electron donor. Accumulation of nitrites at lower loads (higher residence times) might have been due to free nitrous acid toxicity to the Nitrobacter species. A maximum TKN removal of 50% was achieved at TKN F/M = 0·5, which corresponded to a BOD/TKN ratio of 3·4.

厌氧泻湖出水在两个平行的曝气泻湖中处理，在不同的有机负荷和水力停留时间下。总凯氏定氮(TKN)去除率在较高的TKN食物与微生物(F/M)比下迅速增加。当BOD F/M比低于0.6 kg kg−1 day−1时，硝化作用通过氧化态氮的积累表现出来。反硝化作用的明显减少，由这些负荷下的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐所证明，可归因于作为电子供体的易于获得的碳供应不足。在较低负荷(较长的停留时间)下，亚硝酸盐的积累可能是由于游离亚硝酸盐对硝基杆菌物种的毒性。当TKN F/M = 0.5时，最大TKN去除率为50%，对应的BOD/TKN比为3.4。
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引用次数: 15
Utilization of beet molasses and whey for fat biosynthesis by a yeast 酵母利用甜菜糖蜜和乳清进行脂肪生物合成
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90104-6
W. Bednarski, J. Leman, J. Tomasik
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引用次数: 22
Laboratory methods for estimating available nitrogen in manures and sludges 测定粪肥和污泥中有效氮的实验室方法
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90112-5
G. Chescheir, P. Westerman, L. Safley
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引用次数: 68
A note on the changes in the bulk density of crop residues due to the application of uniaxial pressure 由于施加单轴压力，作物残留物堆积密度的变化说明
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90081-8
A.K. Jain, V.R. Sharma, B.S. Pathak

This paper reports the change in the bulk density of the residues of ten different crops, commonly cultivated in north India, as a result of the application of uniaxial pressure. Empirical relationships between the magnitude of pressure and the resultant density are developed for each residue. The results are compiled and presented in the form of a nomogram from which the density of any residue corresponding to a particular uniaxial pressure can be easily determined. The information presented in this paper will be useful in designing the process and equipment for the densification of crop residues.

本文报道了在印度北部常用的十种不同作物的残茬的堆积密度的变化，这是单轴压力应用的结果。压力的大小和产生的密度之间的经验关系发展为每个残留物。结果汇编并以图的形式呈现，从中可以很容易地确定与特定单轴压力相对应的任何残留物的密度。本文所提供的信息将对设计作物秸秆密化的工艺和设备有所帮助。
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引用次数: 5
The use of nuclear techniques to improve domestic buffalo production in Asia 利用核技术提高亚洲国内水牛产量
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90129-0
P.N. Hobson
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引用次数: 18
Operation of a laboratory-scale tubular digester on piggery waste 实验室规模的猪场废物管式消化池的操作
Agricultural Wastes
Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90106-X
J.R.S. Floyd, Freda R. Hawkes
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引用次数: 6
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