Agriculture Communications最新文献

Unearthing and harnessing the role of microbial biofilms in soil ecosystems: Structure, function and potential for enhancing soil integrity and climate mitigation 揭示和利用微生物生物膜在土壤生态系统中的作用：结构、功能和增强土壤完整性和减缓气候变化的潜力

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100133

Yogyata Joshi , Divyanshu , Rachan Karmakar , Snežana Andjelković , Gökhan Boyno , Gustavo Santoyo , Adeyemi Nurudeen Olatunbosun , Amin Fathi , Arash Fazeli , Deblina Roy , Somya Sinha , Debasis Mitra

Microbial biofilms are surface aggregates of microorganisms encapsulated within a self-secreted polymeric matrix. These aggregates grow, colonize, and thrive on various surfaces in diverse ecosystems, from terrestrial and aquatic to within the human body and on medical implants. Due to their compositional heterogeneity, biofilms exhibit varied physicochemical features, providing an arsenal of desirable properties. As symbiotic structures, microbial biofilms are important players in ecosystems, participating in nutrient replenishment, biogeochemical cycles, and soil structure stabilization. With such potential, especially in enhancing soil integrity and mitigating climate change, it is essential to study various aspects of these films’ structure, behavior, and interactions of the constituting microbial communities with soil. Although complex biofilm-soil interactions have been extensively studied, a comprehensive investigation integrating various aspects is still lacking. This review discusses different facets of microbial biofilms concerning microbial diversity, structural and compositional variations, influence on soil structure and aggregation, impact on soil fertility, and involvement in different biophysical processes. Furthermore, this review also highlights the impacts of climate change, challenges and limitations faced at different levels with respect to biofilms, and suggests the directions of future research on agricultural resources to address these limitations. The primary aim of this article is to emphasize how microbial biofilms benefit the resilience and sustainability of agricultural and food systems.

微生物生物膜是包裹在自分泌聚合物基质内的微生物表面聚集体。这些聚集体在不同生态系统的不同表面生长、定植并茁壮成长，从陆地和水生到人体内和医疗植入物。由于其组成的异质性，生物膜表现出不同的物理化学特征，提供了一系列理想的特性。微生物生物膜作为一种共生结构，在生态系统中扮演着重要的角色，参与养分补充、生物地球化学循环和土壤结构稳定。由于这些膜具有增强土壤完整性和减缓气候变化的潜力，因此有必要从各个方面研究这些膜的结构、行为以及构成微生物群落与土壤的相互作用。生物膜与土壤之间复杂的相互作用已经得到了广泛的研究，但目前还缺乏综合各方面的研究。本文综述了微生物生物膜在微生物多样性、结构和组成变化、对土壤结构和聚集的影响、对土壤肥力的影响以及参与不同生物物理过程等方面的研究进展。此外，本文还强调了气候变化对生物膜的影响、在不同层面面临的挑战和限制，并提出了未来农业资源研究的方向，以解决这些限制。本文的主要目的是强调微生物生物膜如何有利于农业和粮食系统的恢复力和可持续性。

{"title":"Unearthing and harnessing the role of microbial biofilms in soil ecosystems: Structure, function and potential for enhancing soil integrity and climate mitigation","authors":"Yogyata Joshi , Divyanshu , Rachan Karmakar , Snežana Andjelković , Gökhan Boyno , Gustavo Santoyo , Adeyemi Nurudeen Olatunbosun , Amin Fathi , Arash Fazeli , Deblina Roy , Somya Sinha , Debasis Mitra","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial biofilms are surface aggregates of microorganisms encapsulated within a self-secreted polymeric matrix. These aggregates grow, colonize, and thrive on various surfaces in diverse ecosystems, from terrestrial and aquatic to within the human body and on medical implants. Due to their compositional heterogeneity, biofilms exhibit varied physicochemical features, providing an arsenal of desirable properties. As symbiotic structures, microbial biofilms are important players in ecosystems, participating in nutrient replenishment, biogeochemical cycles, and soil structure stabilization. With such potential, especially in enhancing soil integrity and mitigating climate change, it is essential to study various aspects of these films’ structure, behavior, and interactions of the constituting microbial communities with soil. Although complex biofilm-soil interactions have been extensively studied, a comprehensive investigation integrating various aspects is still lacking. This review discusses different facets of microbial biofilms concerning microbial diversity, structural and compositional variations, influence on soil structure and aggregation, impact on soil fertility, and involvement in different biophysical processes. Furthermore, this review also highlights the impacts of climate change, challenges and limitations faced at different levels with respect to biofilms, and suggests the directions of future research on agricultural resources to address these limitations. The primary aim of this article is to emphasize how microbial biofilms benefit the resilience and sustainability of agricultural and food systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genome-wide DNA hypermethylation enhances watermelon fruit ripening 全基因组DNA超甲基化促进西瓜果实成熟

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100129

Yi Zuo , Hongbing Liu , Shaogui Guo , Maoying Li , Jinfang Wang , Shouwei Tian , Honghe Sun , Jie Zhang , Yi Ren , Yongtao Yu , Guoyi Gong , Haiying Zhang , Yong Xu

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), an important member of the Cucurbitaceae family, has become one of the most popular economic crops in the world, and understanding its fruit development and ripening has always been a hot topic. Although DNA methylation is known to play an essential role in fruit ripening, its contribution to watermelon ripening remains unknown. Here, we found a global and conspicuous hypermethylation pattern during watermelon fruit development and ripening, which is opposite to the hypomethylation found in tomato and strawberry. Application of the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) delayed fruit ripening, confirming that the positive role of hypermethylation in this process. The hypermethylation mainly occurred in CHG and CHH types, and gene-body hypermethylation strongly correlated with the expression of genes that related to sugar metabolism and ABA (abscisic acid) response. We also found an overall hypermethylation pattern in domesticated watermelon. ClROS1 (Repressor Of Silencing 1), a gene encoding the DNA demethylase, was under selection; its expression was negatively correlated with DNA methylation levels, suggesting that it contributes to the hypermethylation during ripening. Collectively, our research illuminates the genome-wide DNA methylation dynamics during watermelon ripening and provides an invaluable genetic resource that will greatly benefit the molecular breeding and quality improvement of this important crop.

西瓜（Citrullus lanatus）是葫芦科的重要成员，已成为世界上最受欢迎的经济作物之一，了解其果实的发育和成熟一直是一个热门话题。虽然DNA甲基化在水果成熟中起着重要作用，但它对西瓜成熟的贡献尚不清楚。在西瓜果实发育和成熟过程中，我们发现了一种普遍而显著的高甲基化模式，这与番茄和草莓的低甲基化相反。DNA甲基化抑制剂5-氮杂胞苷（5-Aza）的应用延迟了果实成熟，证实了高甲基化在这一过程中的积极作用。高甲基化主要发生在CHG型和CHH型，基因-体高甲基化与糖代谢和ABA（脱落酸）反应相关基因的表达密切相关。我们还在驯化西瓜中发现了整体的高甲基化模式。编码DNA去甲基化酶的基因ClROS1 （Repressor Of Silencing 1）正在筛选中；它的表达与DNA甲基化水平呈负相关，表明它有助于成熟过程中的高甲基化。总的来说，我们的研究阐明了西瓜成熟过程中全基因组DNA甲基化动力学，为这种重要作物的分子育种和品质改良提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

{"title":"Genome-wide DNA hypermethylation enhances watermelon fruit ripening","authors":"Yi Zuo , Hongbing Liu , Shaogui Guo , Maoying Li , Jinfang Wang , Shouwei Tian , Honghe Sun , Jie Zhang , Yi Ren , Yongtao Yu , Guoyi Gong , Haiying Zhang , Yong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Watermelon (<em>Citrullus lanatus</em>), an important member of the Cucurbitaceae family, has become one of the most popular economic crops in the world, and understanding its fruit development and ripening has always been a hot topic. Although DNA methylation is known to play an essential role in fruit ripening, its contribution to watermelon ripening remains unknown. Here, we found a global and conspicuous hypermethylation pattern during watermelon fruit development and ripening, which is opposite to the hypomethylation found in tomato and strawberry. Application of the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) delayed fruit ripening, confirming that the positive role of hypermethylation in this process. The hypermethylation mainly occurred in CHG and CHH types, and gene-body hypermethylation strongly correlated with the expression of genes that related to sugar metabolism and ABA (abscisic acid) response. We also found an overall hypermethylation pattern in domesticated watermelon. <em>ClROS1</em> (<em>Repressor Of Silencing 1</em>), a gene encoding the DNA demethylase, was under selection; its expression was negatively correlated with DNA methylation levels, suggesting that it contributes to the hypermethylation during ripening. Collectively, our research illuminates the genome-wide DNA methylation dynamics during watermelon ripening and provides an invaluable genetic resource that will greatly benefit the molecular breeding and quality improvement of this important crop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced removal of phoxim pesticide residues from grapes using microbubble plasma-activated water 微泡等离子体活化水对葡萄中硫辛磷农药残留的强化去除

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100128

Ying Tian , Junxue Wu , Yongping Zheng , Junjie Jing , Pingzhong Yu , Jue Zhang , Ping Han

A novel, rapid, and efficient technique for removing phoxim residues from grapes was developed using microbubbles plasma-activated water (mbPAW). The mbPAW system was generated by utilizing a non-thermal plasma jet as the working gas of the Venturi tube. The phoxim residues in the grapes were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results indicated that the mbPAW treatment significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of the phoxim residues in grapes (92.82 %) compared with plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment (73.60 %) and microbubble generator without the plasma (mbW) treatment (13.56 %). The improved decontamination efficacy of mbPAW was attributed to its stronger oxidation capability and acidic environment, particularly the increased concentration of hydroxyl radicals, which facilitated phoxim removal from the grapes. Notably, LC-Q-TOF analysis revealed identical degradation products of phoxim (diethyl (Z)-(((cyano (phenyl)methylene)amino)oxy)phosphonate and (Z)-N-hydroxybenzimidoyl cyanide) in both the systems, confirming consistent degradation pathways. Crucially, post-treatment quality assessments revealed no statistically significant differences in grape physicochemical properties, including color, firmness, sugar content, vitamin C concentration, and superoxide dismutase activity. This study establishes mbPAW as a green, residue-free strategy for pesticide decontamination in horticultural products, offering high removal efficiency with minimal adverse impacts on produce quality.

研究了一种利用微泡等离子体活化水（microbubble plasma-activated water, mbPAW）去除葡萄中硫辛硫磷残留的新技术。mbPAW系统是利用非热等离子体射流作为文丘里管的工作气体而产生的。采用高效液相色谱法对葡萄中硫辛硫磷残留量进行定量分析。结果表明，与等离子体活化水（PAW）处理（73.60%）和无等离子体微泡发生器（mbW）处理（13.56%）相比，mbPAW处理可显著提高葡萄中硫辛硫磷残留量的去除率（92.82%）。mbPAW具有较强的氧化能力和较强的酸性环境，尤其是羟基自由基浓度的增加，有利于葡萄中硫辛的去除。值得注意的是，LC-Q-TOF分析显示，两种体系中硫辛的降解产物(二乙基（Z)-（（氰基（苯基）亚甲基）氨基）氧膦酸盐和(Z)- n -羟基苯并酰氰化物）相同，证实了一致的降解途径。至关重要的是，处理后的质量评估显示，葡萄的理化性质，包括颜色、硬度、糖含量、维生素C浓度和超氧化物歧化酶活性，在统计学上没有显著差异。本研究确立了mbPAW作为一种绿色、无残留的园艺产品农药净化策略，在对农产品质量影响最小的情况下具有很高的去除效率。

{"title":"Enhanced removal of phoxim pesticide residues from grapes using microbubble plasma-activated water","authors":"Ying Tian , Junxue Wu , Yongping Zheng , Junjie Jing , Pingzhong Yu , Jue Zhang , Ping Han","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel, rapid, and efficient technique for removing phoxim residues from grapes was developed using microbubbles plasma-activated water (mbPAW). The mbPAW system was generated by utilizing a non-thermal plasma jet as the working gas of the Venturi tube. The phoxim residues in the grapes were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results indicated that the mbPAW treatment significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of the phoxim residues in grapes (92.82 %) compared with plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment (73.60 %) and microbubble generator without the plasma (mbW) treatment (13.56 %). The improved decontamination efficacy of mbPAW was attributed to its stronger oxidation capability and acidic environment, particularly the increased concentration of hydroxyl radicals, which facilitated phoxim removal from the grapes. Notably, LC-Q-TOF analysis revealed identical degradation products of phoxim (diethyl (<em>Z</em>)-(((cyano (phenyl)methylene)amino)oxy)phosphonate and (<em>Z</em>)<em>-N</em>-hydroxybenzimidoyl cyanide) in both the systems, confirming consistent degradation pathways. Crucially, post-treatment quality assessments revealed no statistically significant differences in grape physicochemical properties, including color, firmness, sugar content, vitamin C concentration, and superoxide dismutase activity. This study establishes mbPAW as a green, residue-free strategy for pesticide decontamination in horticultural products, offering high removal efficiency with minimal adverse impacts on produce quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metagenomic insights into antibiotic resistome in a paddy field soil marked by fertilization patterns 以施肥模式为标志的稻田土壤中抗生素抗性组的宏基因组研究

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100127

Xiangyu Yang , Meirui Mu , Lianfeng Du , Chang Xu , Zhuang Tian , Jinfeng Yang , Ruina Zhang , Xuan Guo

Novel fertilizers have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional fertilizers, effectively enhancing agricultural productivity–especially in paddy soils. However, their application may introduce emerging contaminants including antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, we systematically evaluated the impacts of three types of fertilizers–conventional chemical (CC), organic-inorganic composite (OI), and slow- and controlled-release (SC) fertilizers–on soil fertility, microbial communities, and ARGs in paddy fields of Xiong'an New Area, China. SC had the greatest effect on soil fertility, increasing nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter levels by 5.25 %–23.15 %. The abundance of ARGs varied with different treatments. Higher levels of ARGs, at 0.28 copies per 16S rRNA gene copy, were found in the surface soils of the CC and OI treatments, whereas lower levels, at 0.26 copies per 16S rRNA gene copy, were observed in the rhizosphere soil of the OI treatment. OI showed the highest abundance of top five subclasses ARGs in rhizosphere soil, indicating enhanced risk of ARG generation, especially in the rhizosphere. Additionally, OI resulted in higher microbial diversities, with key genera including Streptomyces (4.3 %–5.2 %), Bradyrhizobium (2.4 %–2.9 %), and Sphingomonas (2.1 %–2.7 %) showing positive correlattions with most ARGs. Redundancy analysis, network plots, and Mantel test indicated that nutrients explained 58.45 % of the variation in ARGs followed by soil properties. This study demonstrates that SC fertilizers represent a promising alternative for sustainable agriculture, effectively enhancing soil fertility while minimizing ARG dissemination risks. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing stringent contaminant management protocols when substituting conventional fertilizers with novel alternatives.

新型肥料已成为传统肥料的可行替代品，有效地提高了农业生产力，特别是在水稻土中。然而，它们的应用可能会引入新的污染物，包括抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）。本研究系统评价了常规化学肥料（CC）、有机无机复合肥料（OI）和缓释和控释肥料（SC）对雄安新区稻田土壤肥力、微生物群落和ARGs的影响。SC对土壤肥力的影响最大，提高了5.25% ~ 23.15%的氮、磷和有机质水平。arg的丰度因处理方式的不同而不同。在CC和OI处理的表层土壤中，ARGs含量较高，为每16S rRNA基因拷贝0.28个拷贝，而在OI处理的根际土壤中，ARGs含量较低，为每16S rRNA基因拷贝0.26个拷贝。OI根际土壤中前5个亚类ARG丰度最高，表明ARG产生的风险增加，特别是在根际土壤中。此外，OI导致了更高的微生物多样性，包括链霉菌（4.3% - 5.2%）、慢生根瘤菌（2.4% - 2.9%）和鞘单胞菌（2.1% - 2.7%）在内的关键属与大多数ARGs呈正相关。冗余分析、网络图和Mantel试验表明，养分解释了58.45%的ARGs变化，其次是土壤性质。该研究表明，SC肥料是可持续农业的一种有希望的替代方案，可有效提高土壤肥力，同时最大限度地降低ARG传播风险。我们的研究结果强调了在用新的替代品替代传统肥料时实施严格的污染物管理协议的重要性。

{"title":"Metagenomic insights into antibiotic resistome in a paddy field soil marked by fertilization patterns","authors":"Xiangyu Yang , Meirui Mu , Lianfeng Du , Chang Xu , Zhuang Tian , Jinfeng Yang , Ruina Zhang , Xuan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel fertilizers have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional fertilizers, effectively enhancing agricultural productivity–especially in paddy soils. However, their application may introduce emerging contaminants including antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, we systematically evaluated the impacts of three types of fertilizers–conventional chemical (CC), organic-inorganic composite (OI), and slow- and controlled-release (SC) fertilizers–on soil fertility, microbial communities, and ARGs in paddy fields of Xiong'an New Area, China. SC had the greatest effect on soil fertility, increasing nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter levels by 5.25 %–23.15 %. The abundance of ARGs varied with different treatments. Higher levels of ARGs, at 0.28 copies per 16S rRNA gene copy, were found in the surface soils of the CC and OI treatments, whereas lower levels, at 0.26 copies per 16S rRNA gene copy, were observed in the rhizosphere soil of the OI treatment. OI showed the highest abundance of top five subclasses ARGs in rhizosphere soil, indicating enhanced risk of ARG generation, especially in the rhizosphere. Additionally, OI resulted in higher microbial diversities, with key genera including <em>Streptomyces</em> (4.3 %–5.2 %), <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> (2.4 %–2.9 %), and <em>Sphingomonas</em> (2.1 %–2.7 %) showing positive correlattions with most ARGs. Redundancy analysis, network plots, and Mantel test indicated that nutrients explained 58.45 % of the variation in ARGs followed by soil properties. This study demonstrates that SC fertilizers represent a promising alternative for sustainable agriculture, effectively enhancing soil fertility while minimizing ARG dissemination risks. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing stringent contaminant management protocols when substituting conventional fertilizers with novel alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive performance evaluation of YOLOv12, YOLO11, YOLOv10, YOLOv9 and YOLOv8 on detecting and counting fruitlet in complex orchard environments YOLOv12、yolov11、YOLOv10、YOLOv9和YOLOv8在复杂果园环境中果实检测和计数的综合性能评价

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100125

Ranjan Sapkota , Zhichao Meng , Martin Churuvija , Xiaoqiang Du , Zenghong Ma , Manoj Karkee

This study systematically conducted an extensive real-world evaluation of all configurations of You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based object detection algorithms, including YOLOv8, YOLOv9, YOLOv10, YOLO11, and YOLOv12. Models were assessed using precision, recall, mean Average Precision at 50 % Intersection over Union (mAP@50), and computational efficiency across pre-processing, inference, and post-processing stages for detecting immature green fruitlets in commercial orchards. Field-level fruitlet counting was also validated using images captured with both Intel RealSense and iPhone 14 Pro Max sensors. YOLOv12l achieved the highest recall (0.900), while YOLOv10x and YOLOv9 GELAN-c reported the top precision scores of 0.908 and 0.903, respectively. YOLOv9 GELAN-base and GELAN-e achieved the highest mAP@50 (0.935), followed by YOLO11s (0.933) and YOLOv12l (0.931). In counting validation, YOLO11n demonstrated superior accuracy, with RMSE values of 4.51–4.96 and MAE values of 3.85–7.73 across four apple varieties. Sensor-specific training on Intel RealSense further improved detection performance. YOLO11n also recorded the fastest inference speed (2.4 ms), outperforming YOLOv8n, YOLOv9 GELAN-s, YOLOv10n, and YOLOv12n, affirming its suitability for real-time orchard applications.

本研究系统地对基于YOLO （You Only Look Once）的目标检测算法的所有配置进行了广泛的现实世界评估，包括YOLOv8、YOLOv9、YOLOv10、YOLO11和YOLOv12。对模型进行了精度、召回率、50%交集时的平均平均精度（mAP@50）以及检测商业果园中未成熟绿色果实的预处理、推理和后处理阶段的计算效率评估。使用英特尔RealSense和iPhone 14 Pro Max传感器捕获的图像也验证了田间水果计数。YOLOv12l的查全率最高（0.900），而YOLOv10x和YOLOv9 GELAN-c的查全率最高，分别为0.908和0.903。YOLOv9 GELAN-base和GELAN-e的纯度最高mAP@50(0.935)，其次是YOLO11s（0.933）和YOLOv12l（0.931）。在计数验证中，YOLO11n对4个苹果品种的RMSE值为4.51 ~ 4.96，MAE值为3.85 ~ 7.73。基于英特尔RealSense的传感器特定训练进一步提高了检测性能。YOLO11n还记录了最快的推理速度（2.4 ms），优于YOLOv8n， YOLOv9 GELAN-s， YOLOv10n和YOLOv12n，证实了其适用于实时果园应用。

{"title":"Comprehensive performance evaluation of YOLOv12, YOLO11, YOLOv10, YOLOv9 and YOLOv8 on detecting and counting fruitlet in complex orchard environments","authors":"Ranjan Sapkota , Zhichao Meng , Martin Churuvija , Xiaoqiang Du , Zenghong Ma , Manoj Karkee","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically conducted an extensive real-world evaluation of all configurations of You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based object detection algorithms, including YOLOv8, YOLOv9, YOLOv10, YOLO11, and YOLOv12. Models were assessed using precision, recall, mean Average Precision at 50 % Intersection over Union (mAP@50), and computational efficiency across pre-processing, inference, and post-processing stages for detecting immature green fruitlets in commercial orchards. Field-level fruitlet counting was also validated using images captured with both Intel RealSense and iPhone 14 Pro Max sensors. YOLOv12l achieved the highest recall (0.900), while YOLOv10x and YOLOv9 GELAN-c reported the top precision scores of 0.908 and 0.903, respectively. YOLOv9 GELAN-base and GELAN-e achieved the highest mAP@50 (0.935), followed by YOLO11s (0.933) and YOLOv12l (0.931). In counting validation, YOLO11n demonstrated superior accuracy, with RMSE values of 4.51–4.96 and MAE values of 3.85–7.73 across four apple varieties. Sensor-specific training on Intel RealSense further improved detection performance. YOLO11n also recorded the fastest inference speed (2.4 ms), outperforming YOLOv8n, YOLOv9 GELAN-s, YOLOv10n, and YOLOv12n, affirming its suitability for real-time orchard applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning aided meta-analysis of the impacts of non-biodegradable and biodegradable microplastics on soil microbial communities 机器学习辅助对不可生物降解和生物降解微塑料对土壤微生物群落影响的meta分析

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100124

Wenwen Gong , Zongyu Wen , Gang Liang , Qingwei Bu , Xiaowei Liu , Anxiang Lu , Dongmei Geng

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as significant pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their impacts on soil microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this study, a comprehensive meta-analysis has been conducted, integrating 1220 paired observations from 64 publications, with a particular focus on comparing the effects of non-biodegradable (Non-bio) and biodegradable (Bio) MPs. Additionally, a machine learning approach has been developed to predict these impacts and identify key contributing factors. Our dual-method approach enables a more precise and comprehensive assessment of MPs’ ecological consequences in soils. The findings revealed that Non-bio MPs reduced microbial diversity by 6.95 % but increased microbial biomass and altered community structure by 15.05 % and 55.76 %, respectively. In contrast, Bio MPs amplified these effects, increasing microbial biomass and community structure by nearly 3.4-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Notably, microbial functions increased by 7.52 % under Bio MPs, whereas Non-bio MPs showed no significant impact. Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) analysis identified soil properties (TN, TC, SOC, pH) and MPs characteristics (polymer type, size and concentration) as key drivers of microbial responses. Although Random Forest models achieved reasonable accuracy in predicting the impacts of MPs on microbial diversity and community structure, they performed poorly in predicting microbial functions due to complex and varying enzyme responses. This study highlights the importance of MP biodegradability and underscores the need for longer-term research and comprehensive risk assessments. Future work should prioritize expanded datasets and advanced modeling techniques to unravel the intricate interactions between MPs and soil microbial communities, ultimately supporting more sustainable environment management strategies.

微塑料（MPs）已成为陆地生态系统中的重要污染物。然而，它们对土壤微生物群落的影响仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中，进行了一项全面的荟萃分析，整合了来自64份出版物的1220对观察结果，特别关注比较非生物降解（Non-bio）和生物降解（Bio） MPs的效果。此外，已经开发了一种机器学习方法来预测这些影响并确定关键的促成因素。我们的双方法方法能够更精确和全面地评估MPs在土壤中的生态后果。结果表明，非生物MPs减少了6.95%的微生物多样性，增加了15.05%的微生物量，改变了55.76%的群落结构。相比之下，Bio MPs放大了这些效应，微生物生物量和群落结构分别增加了近3.4倍和4倍。值得注意的是，生物MPs对微生物功能的影响增加了7.52%，而非生物MPs对微生物功能的影响不显著。增强回归树（BRT）分析发现，土壤特性（TN、TC、SOC、pH）和MPs特性（聚合物类型、大小和浓度）是微生物响应的关键驱动因素。尽管随机森林模型在预测MPs对微生物多样性和群落结构的影响方面取得了合理的准确性，但由于酶反应复杂多变，它们在预测微生物功能方面表现不佳。这项研究强调了MP生物可降解性的重要性，并强调了长期研究和全面风险评估的必要性。未来的工作应优先考虑扩展数据集和先进的建模技术，以揭示MPs与土壤微生物群落之间复杂的相互作用，最终支持更可持续的环境管理策略。

{"title":"Machine learning aided meta-analysis of the impacts of non-biodegradable and biodegradable microplastics on soil microbial communities","authors":"Wenwen Gong , Zongyu Wen , Gang Liang , Qingwei Bu , Xiaowei Liu , Anxiang Lu , Dongmei Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as significant pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their impacts on soil microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this study, a comprehensive meta-analysis has been conducted, integrating 1220 paired observations from 64 publications, with a particular focus on comparing the effects of non-biodegradable (Non-bio) and biodegradable (Bio) MPs. Additionally, a machine learning approach has been developed to predict these impacts and identify key contributing factors. Our dual-method approach enables a more precise and comprehensive assessment of MPs’ ecological consequences in soils. The findings revealed that Non-bio MPs reduced microbial diversity by 6.95 % but increased microbial biomass and altered community structure by 15.05 % and 55.76 %, respectively. In contrast, Bio MPs amplified these effects, increasing microbial biomass and community structure by nearly 3.4-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Notably, microbial functions increased by 7.52 % under Bio MPs, whereas Non-bio MPs showed no significant impact. Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) analysis identified soil properties (TN, TC, SOC, pH) and MPs characteristics (polymer type, size and concentration) as key drivers of microbial responses. Although Random Forest models achieved reasonable accuracy in predicting the impacts of MPs on microbial diversity and community structure, they performed poorly in predicting microbial functions due to complex and varying enzyme responses. This study highlights the importance of MP biodegradability and underscores the need for longer-term research and comprehensive risk assessments. Future work should prioritize expanded datasets and advanced modeling techniques to unravel the intricate interactions between MPs and soil microbial communities, ultimately supporting more sustainable environment management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coordinated ubiquitination of OsHIPP56 and blast fungus MAX effectors by OsFBX388 regulates rice immunity OsFBX388协同泛素化OsHIPP56和稻瘟病菌MAX效应物调控水稻免疫

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100123

Tiancheng Qiu , Yapu Cheng , Kexing Fang , Yayan Feng , Qingyuan Bai , Vijai Bhadauria , Jun Yang , You-Liang Peng , Wensheng Zhao

Protein ubiquitination by E3 ligases is crucial for plant growth and stress resistance. However, the mechanisms by which E3 ligases regulate rice immunity remain largely unclear. A previous study identified OsFBX388 as an E3 ligase that negatively regulates rice blast resistance. Here, we demonstrate that OsFBX388 interacts with OSK25 via its N-terminal F-box domain, thereby is a component of the SCF complex. Using its C-terminal domain, OsFBX388 targets OsHIPP56, a heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein, for ubiquitination and degradation by the 26S proteasome. Meanwhile, knockout of OsFBX388 or overexpression of OsHIPP56 leads to substantial accumulation of OsHIPP56. Moreover, OsHIPP56 overexpression enhances resistance to multiple blast fungus strains and to bacterial blight without compromising yield. The HMA domain of OsHIPP56 is structurally similar to the integrated domains (IDs) of the sensor NLRs RGA5 and Pikp-1, which recognize the MAX effectors AvrPia and AvrPik-D from the blast fungus, respectively. We found that OsHIPP56 interacts with both AvrPia and AvrPik-D. Notably, AvrPia and AvrPik-D are also targeted by OsFBX388 for ubiquitination and degradation by the 26S proteasome. The interactions between OsHIPP56 and these MAX effectors accelerate the OsFBX388-mediated degradation of both OsHIPP56 and the MAX effectors. Furthermore, OsHIPP56 interacts with the HMA domains of the NLR receptors RGA5 and Pikp-1. Co-expression of OsHIPP56 with the NLR pairs RGA4/RGA5 or Pikp-1/Pikp-2 triggers cell death in rice protoplasts. Collectively, these findings reveal a coordinated regulatory mechanism in rice immunity, where an E3 ligase mediates the ubiquitination of both a host target and pathogen effectors.

E3连接酶介导的蛋白质泛素化对植物生长和抗逆性至关重要。然而，E3连接酶调节水稻免疫的机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。先前的研究发现OsFBX388是一种负调控水稻稻瘟病抗性的E3连接酶。在这里，我们证明OsFBX388通过其n端F-box结构域与OSK25相互作用，因此是SCF复合物的一个组成部分。OsFBX388利用其c端结构域靶向OsHIPP56（一种重金属相关的异戊二烯基化植物蛋白），使其被26S蛋白酶体泛素化和降解。同时，敲除OsFBX388或过表达OsHIPP56会导致OsHIPP56大量积累。此外，OsHIPP56过表达增强了对多种爆炸真菌菌株和细菌性枯萎病的抗性，而不影响产量。OsHIPP56的HMA结构域在结构上与传感器NLRs RGA5和Pikp-1的集成结构域（IDs）相似，这两个NLRs分别识别来自blast真菌的MAX效应物AvrPia和AvrPik-D。我们发现OsHIPP56与AvrPia和AvrPik-D相互作用。值得注意的是，AvrPia和AvrPik-D也是OsFBX388的靶标，可被26S蛋白酶体泛素化和降解。OsHIPP56和这些MAX效应物之间的相互作用加速了osfbx388介导的OsHIPP56和MAX效应物的降解。此外，OsHIPP56与NLR受体RGA5和Pikp-1的HMA结构域相互作用。OsHIPP56与NLR对RGA4/RGA5或Pikp-1/Pikp-2共表达可触发水稻原生质体细胞死亡。总之，这些发现揭示了水稻免疫的协调调节机制，其中E3连接酶介导宿主靶标和病原体效应物的泛素化。

{"title":"Coordinated ubiquitination of OsHIPP56 and blast fungus MAX effectors by OsFBX388 regulates rice immunity","authors":"Tiancheng Qiu , Yapu Cheng , Kexing Fang , Yayan Feng , Qingyuan Bai , Vijai Bhadauria , Jun Yang , You-Liang Peng , Wensheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein ubiquitination by E3 ligases is crucial for plant growth and stress resistance. However, the mechanisms by which E3 ligases regulate rice immunity remain largely unclear. A previous study identified OsFBX388 as an E3 ligase that negatively regulates rice blast resistance. Here, we demonstrate that OsFBX388 interacts with OSK25 via its N-terminal F-box domain, thereby is a component of the SCF complex. Using its C-terminal domain, OsFBX388 targets OsHIPP56, a heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein, for ubiquitination and degradation by the 26S proteasome. Meanwhile, knockout of <em>OsFBX388</em> or overexpression of <em>OsHIPP56</em> leads to substantial accumulation of OsHIPP56. Moreover, <em>OsHIPP56</em> overexpression enhances resistance to multiple blast fungus strains and to bacterial blight without compromising yield. The HMA domain of OsHIPP56 is structurally similar to the integrated domains (IDs) of the sensor NLRs RGA5 and Pikp-1, which recognize the MAX effectors AvrPia and AvrPik-D from the blast fungus, respectively. We found that OsHIPP56 interacts with both AvrPia and AvrPik-D. Notably, AvrPia and AvrPik-D are also targeted by OsFBX388 for ubiquitination and degradation by the 26S proteasome. The interactions between OsHIPP56 and these MAX effectors accelerate the OsFBX388-mediated degradation of both OsHIPP56 and the MAX effectors. Furthermore, OsHIPP56 interacts with the HMA domains of the NLR receptors RGA5 and Pikp-1. Co-expression of OsHIPP56 with the NLR pairs RGA4/RGA5 or Pikp-1/Pikp-2 triggers cell death in rice protoplasts. Collectively, these findings reveal a coordinated regulatory mechanism in rice immunity, where an E3 ligase mediates the ubiquitination of both a host target and pathogen effectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in leaf-scale radiative transfer modeling: A review with focus on the PROSPECT model 叶片尺度辐射传输模型的研究进展：以PROSPECT模型为重点

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100122

Fenghua Yu , Shuang Xiang , Zhongyu Jin , Juchi Bai , Tongyu Xu

Accurate estimation of leaf biochemical parameters is fundamental to understanding the physiological status of terrestrial vegetation at the leaf level. Leaf radiative transfer models (RTMs) provide an important theoretical basis for establishing the relationship between leaf spectral information and biochemical information, which simulates the radiative transfer processes and light interaction mechanisms within vegetation. As the most widely used leaf-scale RTM, the PROSPECT model can accurately simulate leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance by inputting leaf structural parameters and physical and chemical parameters. When combined with inversion technologies, RTMs can retrieve the biochemical parameters and leaf structure information of vegetation. It is of great significance to comprehensively review the application of RTMs in leaf spectral simulation and biochemical parameter inversion. The purpose of this paper is to review the development and applications of existing RTMs, focusing on the evolution of the PROSPECT model. The results show that the assumption of a uniform distribution inside the leaf is not completely realistic. Current understanding of leaf internal anatomy remains inadequate. In terms of inversion, physics-based RTMs are still underexplored. Furthermore, RTM inversion studies focused on dominant pigments such as chlorophyll, while carotenoids and anthocyanins received little attention due to their relatively low content.

叶片生化参数的准确估计是了解陆地植被叶片生理状态的基础。叶片辐射传输模型模拟了植被内部的辐射传输过程和光相互作用机制，为建立叶片光谱信息与生物化学信息之间的关系提供了重要的理论基础。PROSPECT模型是目前应用最广泛的叶片尺度RTM，通过输入叶片结构参数和理化参数，可以准确模拟叶片的光谱反射率和透射率。结合反演技术，rtm可以检索植被的生化参数和叶片结构信息。全面回顾rtm在叶片光谱模拟和生化参数反演中的应用具有重要意义。本文的目的是回顾现有rtm的发展和应用，重点是PROSPECT模型的演变。结果表明，叶片内部均匀分布的假设并不完全真实。目前对叶片内部解剖结构的了解仍然不足。在反演方面，基于物理的rtm仍未得到充分的探索。此外，RTM反演研究主要集中在叶绿素等优势色素上，而类胡萝卜素和花青素含量相对较低，较少受到关注。

{"title":"Advancements in leaf-scale radiative transfer modeling: A review with focus on the PROSPECT model","authors":"Fenghua Yu , Shuang Xiang , Zhongyu Jin , Juchi Bai , Tongyu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of leaf biochemical parameters is fundamental to understanding the physiological status of terrestrial vegetation at the leaf level. Leaf radiative transfer models (RTMs) provide an important theoretical basis for establishing the relationship between leaf spectral information and biochemical information, which simulates the radiative transfer processes and light interaction mechanisms within vegetation. As the most widely used leaf-scale RTM, the PROSPECT model can accurately simulate leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance by inputting leaf structural parameters and physical and chemical parameters. When combined with inversion technologies, RTMs can retrieve the biochemical parameters and leaf structure information of vegetation. It is of great significance to comprehensively review the application of RTMs in leaf spectral simulation and biochemical parameter inversion. The purpose of this paper is to review the development and applications of existing RTMs, focusing on the evolution of the PROSPECT model. The results show that the assumption of a uniform distribution inside the leaf is not completely realistic. Current understanding of leaf internal anatomy remains inadequate. In terms of inversion, physics-based RTMs are still underexplored. Furthermore, RTM inversion studies focused on dominant pigments such as chlorophyll, while carotenoids and anthocyanins received little attention due to their relatively low content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Settlements extraction and spatiotemporal analysis with SAM and random forest from high-resolution remote sensing 基于SAM和随机森林的高分辨率遥感聚落提取与时空分析

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100121

Miao Liu , Jing Chen , Xiuyu Liu , Lixin Gao , Zhenhai Li

The pace of urbanization has accelerated with the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, thereby intensifying spatial changes in rural settlements. Consequently, accurate and efficient extraction of settlements has become crucial. Current methods often rely on manual calibration, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Remote sensing technology, capable of capturing surface features over a wide range with high accuracy, offers a viable solution. This study utilized high-resolution multisource remote sensing images from the Google Earth Engine (GEE) to extract settlements in Laoling City. A key contribution was the integrated application of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) algorithm and a random forest (RF) classifier for settlement extraction. Finally, the spatiotemporal changes in settlements across 2002, 2012, and 2022 were analyzed. The following results were obtained: (1) July, August, and September were identified as the best classification periods for settlement extraction. (2) Settlement extraction based on the SAM-RF method had the best classification results, with an overall accuracy of 0.98 and a kappa coefficient of 0.97. (3) Most township settlements expanded gradually, with the most remarkable change observed in Shizhong Subdistrict. The remote sensing-based settlement extraction approach in this study is significant for the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. It also provides strong support for the implementation of revitalization, resource management, and environmental protection.

随着乡村振兴战略的实施，城市化步伐加快，乡村聚落空间变化加剧。因此，准确和有效地提取聚落已变得至关重要。目前的方法往往依赖于人工校准，这是费时费力的。遥感技术能够在大范围内以高精度捕获地表特征，提供了一个可行的解决方案。本研究利用谷歌地球引擎（GEE）的高分辨率多源遥感影像提取了老岭市的聚落。一个关键的贡献是将分段任意模型（SAM）算法和随机森林（RF）分类器集成在沉降提取中。最后，分析了2002年、2012年和2022年城市聚落的时空变化特征。结果表明：(1)7月、8月和9月为沉降提取的最佳分类时段。(2)基于SAM-RF方法的沉降提取分类效果最好，总体准确率为0.98，kappa系数为0.97。(3)大多数乡镇居民点规模逐渐扩大，其中市中区的变化最为显著。本文研究的基于遥感的聚落提取方法对城乡协调发展具有重要意义。它还为实施振兴、资源管理和环境保护提供了有力支撑。

{"title":"Settlements extraction and spatiotemporal analysis with SAM and random forest from high-resolution remote sensing","authors":"Miao Liu , Jing Chen , Xiuyu Liu , Lixin Gao , Zhenhai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2026.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pace of urbanization has accelerated with the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, thereby intensifying spatial changes in rural settlements. Consequently, accurate and efficient extraction of settlements has become crucial. Current methods often rely on manual calibration, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Remote sensing technology, capable of capturing surface features over a wide range with high accuracy, offers a viable solution. This study utilized high-resolution multisource remote sensing images from the Google Earth Engine (GEE) to extract settlements in Laoling City. A key contribution was the integrated application of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) algorithm and a random forest (RF) classifier for settlement extraction. Finally, the spatiotemporal changes in settlements across 2002, 2012, and 2022 were analyzed. The following results were obtained: (1) July, August, and September were identified as the best classification periods for settlement extraction. (2) Settlement extraction based on the SAM-RF method had the best classification results, with an overall accuracy of 0.98 and a kappa coefficient of 0.97. (3) Most township settlements expanded gradually, with the most remarkable change observed in Shizhong Subdistrict. The remote sensing-based settlement extraction approach in this study is significant for the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. It also provides strong support for the implementation of revitalization, resource management, and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

miR-493-3p promotes porcine muscle satellite cells differentiation and the formation of slow muscle fibers through MKK7/JNK axis miR-493-3p通过MKK7/JNK轴促进猪肌卫星细胞分化和慢肌纤维的形成

Agriculture Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrcom.2025.100114

Lingling Wu , Zhaolu Wang , Xiaoting Wu, Yidi Zhang, Gongshe Yang, Jianjun Jin, Xin'e Shi

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of porcine myogenesis. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory role of miR-493-3p in skeletal muscle development. miR-493-3p showed a preferential expression pattern in skeletal muscle, with significantly higher expression in slow-twitch muscle than in fast-twitch muscle. Functional analyses revealed that overexpression of miR-493-3p inhibited the proliferation of porcine primary muscle satellite cells (MSCs) while promoting their differentiation and slow-twitch myofiber formation. In mouse, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of miR-493-3p significantly increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of tibialis anterior muscle and promoted the proportion of slow-twitch myofibers. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis and Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay identified MAP kinase kinase 7 (MKK7) as a direct target of miR-493-3p. The miR-493-3p inhibited MKK7 expression, consequently reducing phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels. Overall, our data demonstrate that miR-493-3p promotes porcine MSC differentiation and slow-twitch myofiber formation via inhibiting the MKK7/JNK axis. This finding enhances our understanding of miRNA-regulated skeletal muscle developmental networks and provides a potential strategy for improving pork production and meat quality.

MicroRNAs （miRNAs）是猪肌肉发生的关键调控因子。在这项研究中，我们阐明了miR-493-3p在骨骼肌发育中的调节作用。miR-493-3p在骨骼肌中表现出优先表达模式，在慢肌肌中的表达明显高于在快肌肌中的表达。功能分析显示，miR-493-3p的过表达抑制了猪原代肌卫星细胞（MSCs）的增殖，同时促进其分化和慢肌纤维的形成。在小鼠中，腺相关病毒（AAV）介导的miR-493-3p过表达显著增加了胫骨前肌的横截面积（CSA），促进了慢肌纤维的比例。此外，生物信息学分析和双荧光素酶报告试验鉴定MAP激酶激酶7 （MKK7）是miR-493-3p的直接靶点。miR-493-3p抑制MKK7的表达，从而降低磷酸化的c-Jun n -末端激酶（p-JNK）水平。总体而言，我们的数据表明，miR-493-3p通过抑制MKK7/JNK轴促进猪间充质干细胞分化和慢肌纤维形成。这一发现增强了我们对mirna调控的骨骼肌发育网络的理解，并为提高猪肉产量和肉质提供了潜在的策略。

{"title":"miR-493-3p promotes porcine muscle satellite cells differentiation and the formation of slow muscle fibers through MKK7/JNK axis","authors":"Lingling Wu , Zhaolu Wang , Xiaoting Wu, Yidi Zhang, Gongshe Yang, Jianjun Jin, Xin'e Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2025.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrcom.2025.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of porcine myogenesis. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory role of miR-493-3p in skeletal muscle development. miR-493-3p showed a preferential expression pattern in skeletal muscle, with significantly higher expression in slow-twitch muscle than in fast-twitch muscle. Functional analyses revealed that overexpression of miR-493-3p inhibited the proliferation of porcine primary muscle satellite cells (MSCs) while promoting their differentiation and slow-twitch myofiber formation. In mouse, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of miR-493-3p significantly increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of tibialis anterior muscle and promoted the proportion of slow-twitch myofibers. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis and Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay identified <em>MAP kinase kinase 7</em> (<em>MKK7</em>) as a direct target of miR-493-3p. The miR-493-3p inhibited <em>MKK7</em> expression, consequently reducing phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels. Overall, our data demonstrate that miR-493-3p promotes porcine MSC differentiation and slow-twitch myofiber formation <em>via</em> inhibiting the MKK7/JNK axis. This finding enhances our understanding of miRNA-regulated skeletal muscle developmental networks and provides a potential strategy for improving pork production and meat quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100065,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture Communications","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0