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Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture最新文献

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Quantitative assessment of stress of economic development to environment using ecological stress index: Quantitative assessment of stress of economic development to environment using ecological stress index 利用生态压力指数定量评价经济发展对环境的压力:利用生态压力指数定量评价经济发展对环境的压力
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30708
Jinghan Song, Huixiao Wang, Shengya Liu
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引用次数: 3
Ecologically oriented spatial configuration of basic farmlands in Lulong County, Hebei Province: Ecologically oriented spatial configuration of basic farmlands in Lulong County, Hebei Province 河北省卢隆县基本农田生态导向空间格局——以河北省卢隆县为例
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30981
Qinglong Ding, Ming Men
The basic farmlands are the essences of cultivated land,and support the functions of production,social security and ecological protection.Driven by market economy and afforestation of farmlands in recent years,the production space of basic farmlands has reduced continuously.Thus basic farmland protection and configuration has become a hotly debated issue at national and international levels.However,there is little integrated and comprehensive research on correlation among food security,economic development and ecological protection.To coordinate the relationship among food security,economic development and ecological protection,the appropriate planning of ecosystem and establishment of safe regional landscape pattern are necessary.Based on the ecological infrastructure construction and basic farmland demand,this paper predicted basic farmland area and allocation in the target year of Lulong County,Hebei Province by comprehensively adopting the ideas of "anti-planning" and ecological infrastructure.The study established a network of ecological infrastructure as the constraint framework of the basic farmland demarcation in Lulong County.The northern,southeast and southwest parts presented low-level of security where the natural conditions required strict protection and non-construction of farmlands.The area from the south to north presented medium-level security serving as a transition zone of the low-level security.The high-level security areas embedded among the low and medium security area had severe ecological conditions.Based on evaluation of the suitability of land for construction,the paper adopted a "matrix" to divide the county development grid unit space suitability into degrees.The higher degrees were used as reserved lands for future development and construction.The development potential was high in the southwest of Lulong County and medium in the central region development,which constituted the key areas for basic farmland management in the study area.The northern part of the county was constrained in the low development zone.It was not fit for the delineation and layout of basic farmlands.This paper allocated the areas with both medium-high security and low suitability for construction as the key configurations of basic farmlands in the region by using GIS.Based on this allocation,36 800.27 hm2 basic farmlands were allocated into different towns of the county.Among the zones,the farmland with both medium-high security and low suitability for construction were in Yanheying,Lulong,Yinzhuangxiang and Panzhuang townships with total land area of 15 570.45 hm2,which was 42.31% of total basic farmlands in the study area.The results showed that the spatial configuration of basic farmlands from ecological orientation was sufficiently protective for ecological environment and reserved the construction lands for future development.The method and new perspective were good for evaluation of ecosystems in terms of quantity,quality,ecology and const
基本农田是耕地的精华,支撑着生产、社会保障和生态保护功能。近年来,在市场经济和农田绿化的推动下,基本农田的生产空间不断缩小。因此,基本农田的保护与配置已成为国内外争论的热点问题。然而,对粮食安全、经济发展与生态保护之间的关系进行综合、全面的研究却很少。要协调好粮食安全、经济发展和生态保护三者之间的关系,就必须对生态系统进行合理规划,建立安全的区域景观格局。基于生态基础设施建设和基本农田需求,综合采用“反规划”和生态基础设施的思路,对河北省卢龙县目标年的基本农田面积和配置进行了预测。建立了生态基础设施网络作为卢隆县基本农田划界的约束框架。北部、东南部和西南部自然条件较差,需要严格保护和不建设农田。从南到北为中等安全级别,是低安全级别的过渡区。中低安全区域之间的高安全区域生态条件较为恶劣。在对建设用地适宜性评价的基础上,采用“矩阵”法对县域发展网格单元空间适宜性进行度划分。高等学位被用作未来发展和建设的预留土地。卢隆县西南部发展潜力大,中部发展潜力中等,是研究区基本农田经营的重点区域。县城北部受低开发区制约。它不适合基本农田的划定和布局。本文利用GIS技术,将中高安全性和低适宜性区域划分为该区基本农田的关键配置。在此基础上,将36 800.27 hm2基本农田分配到县域各镇。其中,中高安全性和低适宜性农田集中在沿河营、卢龙、银庄乡和盘庄乡,总用地面积为15 570.45 hm2,占研究区基本农田总面积的42.31%。结果表明:从生态取向上看,基本农田的空间配置对生态环境具有充分的保护作用,为未来发展预留了建设用地;该方法和新视角有利于生态系统的数量评价、质量评价、生态评价和建设适宜性评价。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of biochar on nitrogen forms and related microorganisms of rhizosphere soil of seedling maize. 生物炭对玉米苗期根际土壤氮素形态及相关微生物的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30750
M. Ying, W. Hongyan, Yu Song, Liu Zhihua, Zhao Chengsen, T. Yue
Recent researches have noted that biochar significantly increases soil carbon storage,improves soil fertility and maintains balanced soil ecosystem.Biochar also acts as soil fertilizer or amendment to enhance plant growth and increase crop yield by supplying and retaining soil nutrients.Biochar is also widely used in agricultural soils as soil conditioner.Furthermore,there is experimental evidence that soil microbial communities/activities which sustain soil health and functions are directly affected by biochar addition to soils.The full range of the processes and consequences of the effects of biochar remains poorly documented.In a pot maize cultivation experiment,different quantities of charcoals from burnt maize and rice straws were applied and the maize seedling height,biomass and rhizosphere soil nitrogen transformation,and the related microorganisms investigated.The research results showed that 60 g·kg-1 maize biochar and 40-60 g·kg-1 rice biochar significantly decreased maize seedling height(P 0.05).Rice biochar presented more apparent effects than maize biochar.Aboveground biomass of maize seedling was also significantly reduced under 60 g·kg-1 maize biochar or 20-60 g·kg-1 rice biochar application.Under 60 g·kg-1 maize biochar application,rhizosphere soil water content and microbial biomass N obviously improved.As the application level of the two types of biochar increased,the content of total nitrogen/nitrate and nitrogen fixation rate also appreciably increased,reaching peak levels at 60 g·kg-1 maize or rice biochar application.Ammonia nitrogen content significantly improved under 40 g·kg-1 maize biochar treatment.Moreover,each application level of the two types of biochar limited total bacterial count.It also promoted at different degrees of growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and cellulose degrading bacteria in rhizosphere soils,with 60 g·kg-1 maize biochar as the most effective treatment.Overall,proper biochar application enhanced nitrogen cycle and transformation by influencing community structure of related microorganisms in rhizosphere soils.The effect of maize biochar was more obvious than that of rice biochar.The effects of biochar on nitrogen efficiency in soils were investigated from three aspects—crop growth,rhizosphere soil nitrogen transformation and the related microorganisms.The results detected the mechanisms of the effects of biochar application to soils on nitrogen availability.This provided the basis for the mechanisms of increasing soil carbon sequestration and decreasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer input under biochar application to mollisols.This was profoundly significant in terms of protecting the fertility of black soils.
近年来的研究表明,生物炭能显著增加土壤碳储量,提高土壤肥力,维持土壤生态系统平衡。生物炭还可以作为土壤肥料或改良剂,通过提供和保持土壤养分来促进植物生长和提高作物产量。生物炭作为土壤改良剂也广泛应用于农业土壤。此外,有实验证据表明,在土壤中添加生物炭会直接影响维持土壤健康和功能的土壤微生物群落/活动。关于生物炭影响的全部过程和后果的记录仍然很少。在玉米盆栽栽培试验中,施用不同量的玉米炭和水稻秸秆炭,对玉米苗高、生物量和根际土壤氮转化及相关微生物进行了研究。研究结果表明,60 g·kg-1玉米生物炭和40-60 g·kg-1水稻生物炭显著降低了玉米苗高(p0.05)。水稻生物炭的效应比玉米生物炭更明显。施用60 g·kg-1玉米生物炭和20 ~ 60 g·kg-1水稻生物炭均显著降低了玉米幼苗地上生物量。施用60 g·kg-1玉米生物炭可显著提高根际土壤含水量和微生物生物量N。随着两种生物炭用量的增加,总氮/硝态氮含量和固氮率也明显增加,在玉米或水稻生物炭用量为60 g·kg-1时达到峰值。40 g·kg-1玉米生物炭处理显著提高了氨氮含量。此外,两种生物炭的每个施用水平都限制了细菌总数。不同程度地促进根际土壤固氮细菌和纤维素降解细菌的生长,以60 g·kg-1玉米生物炭处理效果最好。总体而言,适当的生物炭施用通过影响根际土壤中相关微生物的群落结构来促进氮的循环和转化。玉米生物炭的效果比水稻生物炭明显。从作物生长、根际土壤氮转化和相关微生物三个方面研究了生物炭对土壤氮效率的影响。研究结果揭示了施用生物炭对土壤氮素有效性的影响机制。这为探究生物炭对土壤固碳和减少氮肥投入量的作用机制提供了依据。这对保护黑土的肥力有着深远的意义。
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引用次数: 2
Using DNDC model to simulate and predict changes in black soil organic carbon: Using DNDC model to simulate and predict changes in black soil organic carbon 利用DNDC模型模拟和预测黑土有机碳的变化:利用DNDC模型模拟和预测黑土有机碳的变化
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30983
Deying Wang, Yanmin Yao, Haiqing Si, Pengqin Tang
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引用次数: 1
Effect of farmers’ perception on ecological compensation—A case study of Zhangye Prefecture in the Heihe River Basin: Effect of farmers’ perception on ecological compensation—A case study of Zhangye Prefecture in the Heihe River Basin 农民感知对生态补偿的影响——以黑河流域张掖地区为例农民感知对生态补偿的影响——以黑河流域张掖地区为例
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.31002
Fangyuan Zhang, Xueyan Zhao
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of county-level coordinated development in Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province: Evaluation of county-level coordinated development in Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province 河北省张家口市县域协调发展评价:河北省张家口市县域协调发展评价
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30733
Hua Zhong, B. Sun
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural landscape and its elements assessment in plain areas of Beijing City: Agricultural landscape and its elements assessment in plain areas of Beijing City 北京市平原区农业景观及其要素评价:北京市平原区农业景观及其要素评价
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30853
Qian Zhang, He Xiao, Zhenrong Yu, Xin Zhang, Bo Zheng, Meifang Liu
{"title":"Agricultural landscape and its elements assessment in plain areas of Beijing City: Agricultural landscape and its elements assessment in plain areas of Beijing City","authors":"Qian Zhang, He Xiao, Zhenrong Yu, Xin Zhang, Bo Zheng, Meifang Liu","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10032,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture","volume":"22 1","pages":"325-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69971967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Spatial differentiation of urban agricultural ecosystem services - a case study of Xi'an metropolitan zone. 城市农业生态系统服务功能空间分异——以西安都市圈为例
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-28 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.31019
Feng HaiJian, Zhou Zhong-xue
In recent years,study of urban agriculture has shifted from definition,characterization and its services to development evaluation,modeling,spatial distribution and ecological security.It has also shifted from qualitative analysis to quantitative research.Most studies on spatial differentiation of urban agriculture have mainly focused on spatial distribution of specific industries to show urban agricultural spatial regulation.However,spatial differentiation research in terms of services is few.Thus exploring spatial distribution of urban agricultural services is critical for breakthrough discoveries in spatial characteristics of urban agriculture,as well as spatial rules of urban agro-ecosystem services.This study was designed in that effort,to explore the governing laws of spatial distribution of urban agricultural ecosystem services.It aimed to accomplish rational spatial distribution and optimization of urban agricultural ecosystem services by coordinating urban agricultural development and urban social and economic functional services.In reference to previous studies and current circumstances of urban agricultural development in Xi'an metropolitan zone,this paper set up an evaluation index system to quantify urban agricultural ecosystem services.The services included production,economy,employment,culture and recreation,and ecological services.In order to show the spatial characteristics of urban agricultural ecosystem services at a high spatial precision,the paper used ArcGIS-based grid(0.5 km × 0.5 km) analysis to map spatial differentiation of each services of urban agriculture in Xi'an metropolitan zone.Driven by the distribution of agricultural resources and differentiation of urbanization level,production and economic services were higher in plain areas than in mountain and loess hilly-gully regions.These services gradually increased from southwest to northeast and from suburban plains to outer-suburb plains.Based on differentiation of urban agricultural land types,production efficiency and urbanization level in each county,the employment service increased from suburban plains to outer-suburb plains,with lower values for Qinling Mountains than those for plain areas.Different rationalities of spatial distribution were noted in regional social stability.Culture and recreational services showed the core-periphery distribution patterns,driven by law of decay with distance.Roads,rivers and scenic spots constituted further distribution patterns of group concentration,shaft strips or shaft agglomeration.Based on topography and level of urbanization,ecological service decreased from edge-zone to center zone of city circle.Urban agriculture in outer-suburbs constituted of ecological shelter zone of Xi'an metropolitan zone.After mastering the laws and the current conditions of spatial distribution of urban agricultural ecosystem services,it was critical to evaluate the rationality of spatial distribution of urban agricultural ecosystem services in
近年来,对都市农业的研究从定义、特征及其服务转向发展评价、建模、空间分布和生态安全。它也从定性分析转向了定量研究。大多数关于都市农业空间分异的研究主要集中在特定产业的空间分布上,以显示都市农业的空间调控。然而,针对服务业的空间分异研究较少。因此,探索城市农业服务的空间分布,对于突破性地发现城市农业的空间特征和城市农业生态系统服务的空间规律至关重要。本研究旨在探讨城市农业生态系统服务空间分布规律。通过协调城市农业发展与城市社会经济功能服务,实现城市农业生态系统服务的合理空间分布和优化。本文在借鉴前人研究和西安都市圈都市农业发展现状的基础上,构建了量化西安都市圈都市农业生态系统服务的评价指标体系。服务内容包括生产服务、经济服务、就业服务、文化娱乐服务和生态服务。为了以较高的空间精度展现城市农业生态系统服务功能的空间特征,采用基于arcgis的网格(0.5 km × 0.5 km)分析,绘制了西安都市圈城市农业各服务功能的空间分异图。在农业资源分布和城市化水平分化的驱动下,平原区的生产和经济服务高于山地和黄土丘陵沟壑区。这些服务由西南向东北、由近郊平原向远郊平原逐渐增加。基于各县城市农业用地类型、生产效率和城市化水平的差异,就业服务从近郊平原向远郊平原增加,秦岭地区的就业服务值低于平原地区。区域社会稳定空间分布的合理性存在差异。文化娱乐服务呈现核心-外围分布格局,受距离衰减规律驱动。道路、河流、景区构成了群集中、竖条或竖条集聚的进一步分布格局。基于地形和城市化水平,城市圈的生态服务功能由边缘区向中心区递减。远郊都市农业构成了西安都市圈的生态庇护区。在掌握研究区城市农业生态系统服务功能空间分布规律和现状后,评价研究区城市农业生态系统服务功能空间分布的合理性至关重要。
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引用次数: 5
Analysis of N2O emissions from the agro-ecosystem in Fujian Province: Analysis of N2O emissions from the agro-ecosystem in Fujian Province 福建省农业生态系统N2O排放分析——福建省农业生态系统N2O排放分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-26 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30392
Yanchun Li, Yixiang Wang, Chengji Wang, Bai-Ling Zheng, Yibin Huang
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引用次数: 1
Calibration of relevant parameters of reference crop evapotranspiration with genetic algorithm: Calibration of relevant parameters of reference crop evapotranspiration with genetic algorithm 遗传算法标定参考作物蒸散量相关参数:遗传算法标定参考作物蒸散量相关参数
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2014-06-26 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30661
Yanwei Liu, Zhongyuan Zhu, Y. Jing
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture
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