Green Carbon最新文献

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Electrochemical conversion of biomass derivatives to value-added chemicals: A review 生物质衍生物转化为增值化学品的电化学研究进展

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.10.004

Yusrin Ramli , Virdi Chaerusani , Ziyuan Yang , Rui Yang , Juan Zhang , Abuliti Abudula , Guoqing Guan

Countless efforts have been dedicated to shifting from fossil- to bio-based resources, including the conversion of biomass derivatives into high-value building-block chemicals using various catalytic processes. In particular, electrochemical conversion is a remarkable process when considering biomass as a renewable resource and when applying renewable energy. As typical promising derivatives, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, methanol, and sugars have been extensively investigated to date on a laboratory scale via electrochemical conversion to obtain valuable chemicals such as 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid, 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan, formic acid, gluconic acid, and xylitol. This review focuses on the electroconversion of biomass derivatives to high-value-added products. In particular, the catalyst activity, stability, and selectivity for the desired products, reaction mechanisms, and operating conditions of the electrocatalytic process are summarized and discussed. The review also addresses the challenges in the development of electrocatalysts for the electroconversion of biomass derivatives while avoiding side reactions to reduce the separation and purification processes. This study is expected to guide future developments in this field.

无数的努力致力于从化石资源转向生物资源，包括利用各种催化过程将生物质衍生物转化为高价值的基本化学品。特别是在将生物质作为可再生资源和应用可再生能源时，电化学转化是一个引人注目的过程。作为典型的有前途的衍生物，5-羟甲基糠醛、甲醇和糖已经在实验室规模上进行了广泛的研究，通过电化学转化获得有价值的化学品，如2,5-呋喃二羧酸、2,5-二（羟甲基）呋喃、甲酸、葡萄糖酸和木糖醇。本文综述了生物质衍生物电转化为高附加值产品的研究进展。特别对电催化过程的催化剂活性、稳定性、产物选择性、反应机理和操作条件进行了总结和讨论。综述还讨论了生物质衍生物电转化电催化剂的发展面临的挑战，同时避免副反应以减少分离和纯化过程。这项研究有望指导该领域未来的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Pyrene-based molecular contacts inspire perovskite solar cells 比利牛斯基分子接触激发钙钛矿太阳能电池

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.007

Tingting Zhu , Zhaoning Song , Yanfa Yan , Chongwen Li

引用次数: 0

Modulating the electronic state of Cu over Cu/ZnO/SBA-15 catalysts for boosting methanol synthesis from CO2 调节Cu/ZnO/SBA-15催化剂上Cu的电子态以促进CO2合成甲醇

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.003

Kun Jiang, Yunzhao Xu, Fenghai Cao, Baozhen Li, Xiaoyang Xu, Weihao Wang, Yu Tang, Lizhi Wu, Li Tan

Methanol synthesis via CO₂ conversion is a “green carbon” route for mitigating the greenhouse effect and recycling carbon resources. However, despite the widespread use of copper-based systems for methanol synthesis in recent decades, the chemical state of the active Cu species remains controversial. In this study, various Cu/ZnO/SBA-15 catalysts possessing different interfacial structures were engineered by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The optimized Cu/50c-ZnO/SBA-15 afforded the highest mass-specific methanol formation rate of 211.7 g_MeOH·kg_cat⁻¹·h⁻¹ under the conditions of 250 °C and 3.0 MPa. In-depth characterizations indicated that the electronic state of Cu could be modulated by engineering the interfacial structures of the Cu/ZnO series catalysts, and the Cu cation sites (Cu^δ+ and Cu⁺) are the active centers for methanol synthesis reaction rather than the Cu⁰ sites. Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that HCO₃* and CO₃* were slowly transformed to HCOO* and further hydrogenated to methanol following the formate-methoxy intermediate route. This work provides an improved understanding of the origin of the methanol synthesis active centers and emphasizes the potential for fabricating next-generation Cu-based catalysts via ALD.

通过二氧化碳转化合成甲醇是一种“绿色碳”途径，可以缓解温室效应，回收碳资源。然而，尽管近几十年来广泛使用铜基系统进行甲醇合成，但活性Cu物种的化学状态仍然存在争议。本研究采用原子层沉积法（ALD）制备了多种具有不同界面结构的Cu/ZnO/SBA-15催化剂。优化后的Cu/50c-ZnO/SBA-15在250℃、3.0 MPa条件下的质量比甲醇生成率最高，为211.7 gMeOH·kgcat−1·h−1。深入表征表明，Cu/ZnO系列催化剂的界面结构可以调节Cu的电子态，Cu阳离子位（Cuδ+和Cu+）是甲醇合成反应的活性中心，而不是Cu0位。机理分析表明，HCO3*和CO3*经过甲酸-甲氧基中间路线，缓慢转化为HCOO*并进一步加氢生成甲醇。这项工作为甲醇合成活性中心的起源提供了更好的理解，并强调了通过ALD制造下一代cu基催化剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hierarchically structured macro-mesoporous carbon catalysts for saccharification of cellulose 纤维素糖化的分级结构大介孔碳催化剂

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.006

Shaohua She , Luh Putu Pitrayani Sukma , Mingming Peng , Hisakazu Shirai , Yuto Suzuki , Kenji Kamiya , Eika W. Qian

Hierarchically structured macro-mesoporous carbon catalysts were synthesized using dual templates of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Pluronic-123 to enhance cellulose saccharification. Characterizations conducted through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and titration techniques confirmed high surface areas and specific pore size distributions, with macropores ranging from 78.3 to 251 nm and mesopores around 2.43–6.23 nm. An optimal PMMA-to-Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) ratio of 1:1.6 facilitated the highest cellulose conversion rate of 59.3% and a glucose yield of 22.1%. Notably, the medium-sized macropore catalyst, MMCS60-M, outperformed its purely mesoporous counterpart, with conversion rates and glucose yields of 80.8% and 45.5%, respectively. These results suggest the importance of a tailored pore architecture to enhance the accessibility of acid sites and facilitate effective mass transport, which is beneficial for optimizing saccharification processes.

采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）和Pluronic-123双模板合成了结构有序的大介孔碳催化剂，以促进纤维素的糖化。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）、N2吸附-解吸等温线、傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱和滴定技术进行表征，证实了高表面积和比孔径分布，大孔在78.3 ~ 251 nm之间，中孔在2.43 ~ 6.23 nm之间。pmma与正硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）的最佳比例为1:6 .6，纤维素转化率最高为59.3%，葡萄糖收率最高为22.1%。值得注意的是，中型大孔催化剂MMCS60-M的转化率和葡萄糖收率分别为80.8%和45.5%，优于纯介孔催化剂。这些结果表明，定制的孔结构对于提高酸位点的可达性和促进有效的质量运输具有重要意义，这有利于优化糖化过程。

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引用次数: 0

The canalization in domesticated yeast: Metabolic traits develop robustness against Hsp90 stress during the evolutionary process 驯化酵母的沟通化：在进化过程中，代谢性状对Hsp90胁迫具有稳健性

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.002

Xiao Zhang , Changqing Liu , Yongqiang Gao , Lijuan Liu , Haibo Zhang

引用次数: 0

Improving Chlorella protein production under heterotrophic high cell density fed-batch cultivation with a two-stage nitrogen nutrient supply strategy 采用两阶段氮营养供给策略提高异养高密度分批补料培养小球藻蛋白质产量

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.10.002

Baofeng Chen , Ren Gong , Zhixian Qiao , Jun Men , Lu Tan , Shilin Tian , Hu Jin

Heterotrophic cultivation has been proved to be an effective and industrially scalable route for the economical production of Chlorella biomass. Nevertheless, the low protein content of heterotrophic Chlorella biomass hinders its utilization as a superior protein source. In this study, the influences of various C/N ratios on cell growth and protein production were evaluated for a previously isolated protein-rich alga Chlorella sorokiniana CMBB276. The results indicated that a high C/N ratio was favorable for cell growth, whereas a low C/N ratio was advantageous for protein synthesis. A proposed two-stage nitrogen supply strategy by shifting the C/N ratio from 18 to 6 was found to be capable of simultaneously improve the protein content and yield of C. sorokiniana CMBB276, achieving the maximum protein content of 58.6% of dry cell weight (DCW) and a final protein yield of 87.0 g L⁻¹, respectively. We further verified that the fast accumulated ammonium in C. sorokiniana CMBB276 cultivated with the switched C/N ratio contributed to the remarkable enhancement of protein content, while concurrently causing cytotoxicity. Moreover, under high ammonium stress, while maintaining a high protein content, C. sorokiniana CMBB276 persisted in growing with a decreased level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell membrane damage through exogenous addition of acetate, which lays the foundation for further improvement of protein production by applying the two-stage nitrogen supply strategy in combination with acetate addition.

异养培养已被证明是经济生产小球藻生物量的有效和工业化可扩展的途径。然而，异养小球藻生物量的低蛋白质含量阻碍了其作为优良蛋白质来源的利用。在本研究中，研究了不同碳氮比对先前分离的富含蛋白质的小球藻（Chlorella sorokiniana CMBB276）细胞生长和蛋白质产量的影响。结果表明，高碳氮比有利于细胞生长，低碳氮比有利于蛋白质合成。研究发现，将C/N比从18提高到6的两阶段氮素供应策略能够同时提高sorokiniana CMBB276的蛋白质含量和产量，最大蛋白质含量为干细胞重（DCW）的58.6%，最终蛋白质产量分别为87.0 g L−1。我们进一步证实，切换C/N比培养的sorokiniana CMBB276快速积累的铵有助于显著提高蛋白质含量，同时引起细胞毒性。此外，在高铵胁迫下，C. sorokiniana CMBB276在维持高蛋白质含量的同时，通过外源添加乙酸降低了细胞活性氧（ROS）水平和细胞膜损伤，从而持续生长，这为进一步采用两阶段供氮策略与添加乙酸相结合提高蛋白质产量奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Closed-loop transfer brightens up artificial intelligence for chemistry 闭环转移点亮了化学领域的人工智能

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.12.001

Qipeng Li , Mengyun Chen , Tiankai Zhang

引用次数: 0

Engineering microbiomes to enhance macroalgal health, biomass yield, and carbon sequestration 工程微生物组，以提高大藻的健康，生物量产量和碳固存

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.11.001

Shailesh Nair , Zenghu Zhang , Xiaojie Wang , Bo Zhang , Nianzhi Jiao , Yongyu Zhang

Macroalgae farming not only holds significant economic value but also contributes substantially to carbon sequestration, and therefore has gained intensified attention globally under climate change scenarios. However, its sustainability is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic and environmental changes. The health and resilience of macroalgae are intrinsically linked to their associated microbiomes, offering an untapped opportunity to enhance macroalgal farming through microbiome manipulation. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding of macroalgal microbiomes, highlighting critically underexplored microbial components, such as overlooked taxa, host specificity, and the environmental factors influencing microbiome composition, which hinder the development of effective microbiome engineering strategies. We critically evaluate existing microbiome manipulation approaches and their applications in enhancing macroalgal growth, resilience, carbon fixation, and biomass yield and assess their potential for improving macroalgal carbon sequestration. Finally, we propose a holistic framework that integrates multi-omics and metabolic modeling, microbial functional and environmental compatibility, high-throughput rapid isolation, and in vivo validation to bridge critical knowledge gaps and unlock the full potential of macroalgal microbiome engineering for sustainable, large-scale macroalgal farming.

大型藻类养殖不仅具有显著的经济价值，而且具有显著的固碳作用，因此在气候变化情景下受到全球的广泛关注。然而，其可持续性日益受到人为和环境变化的威胁。大型藻类的健康和恢复力与其相关的微生物群有着内在的联系，这为通过微生物群控制来加强大型藻类养殖提供了一个尚未开发的机会。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前对大藻微生物组的了解，强调了严重未被探索的微生物组成，如被忽视的分类群、宿主特异性和影响微生物组组成的环境因素，这些因素阻碍了有效微生物组工程策略的发展。我们批判性地评估了现有的微生物组操纵方法及其在促进大藻生长、恢复力、碳固定和生物量产量方面的应用，并评估了它们在改善大藻碳固存方面的潜力。最后，我们提出了一个整合多组学和代谢建模、微生物功能和环境兼容性、高通量快速分离和体内验证的整体框架，以弥合关键的知识空白，并释放大藻微生物组工程的全部潜力，以实现可持续的大规模大藻养殖。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the application of in situ X-ray diffraction techniques to characterize phase transitions in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalysts 原位x射线衍射技术表征费托合成催化剂相变的最新进展

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.09.009

Fan Bo , Kangzhou Wang , Jie Liang , Tiejian Zhao , Jie Wang , Yurong He , Xiaojiao Yang , Jianli Zhang , Yongjun Jiang , Xiaojing Yong , Wei Zhang , Xinhua Gao

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), an important route for the conversion of syngas into high-value-added chemicals, often relies on Fe- and Co-based catalysts. Catalyst performance has been improved by promoters, supports, and optimization of the activation process; however, in-depth studies on the evolution of the phase during catalyst activation, reaction, and deactivation are still lacking. In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) effectively reveals the phase evolution of catalytic materials in real time. In this review, the use of in situ XRD to elucidate the influence of activation mode, promoters, and supports on the phase evolution and performance of Fe- and Co-based catalysts is examined. The challenges and opportunities in studying the phase evolution of FTS catalysts using in situ XRD techniques are summarized and discussed, and theoretical guidance for the design of FTS catalysts is provided in order to promote their development.

费托合成（FTS）是合成气转化为高附加值化学品的重要途径，通常依赖于铁基和钴基催化剂。催化剂性能通过促进剂、载体和活化工艺的优化得到了提高；然而，对于催化剂活化、反应和失活过程中相的演变，目前还缺乏深入的研究。原位x射线衍射（XRD）能实时有效地揭示催化材料的相演化过程。本文利用原位x射线衍射（XRD）研究了激活方式、促进剂和载体对铁基和钴基催化剂的相演化和性能的影响。总结和讨论了利用原位XRD技术研究FTS催化剂相演化的挑战和机遇，为FTS催化剂的设计提供理论指导，以促进其发展。

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MADS-box transcription factors as green-revolution regulators for plant longevity and biomass production MADS-box转录因子作为植物寿命和生物量生产的绿色革命调控因子

Green Carbon

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.greenca.2024.09.007

Yixiang Wang , Jingyuan Liu , Xifeng Ren , Chunxiang Fu , Liangcai Peng , Yanting Wang

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