International Journal of Transport Management最新文献

Ports have traditionally made use of quantitative measures to assess their performance. While contributing towards ranking a port in the worldwide context or even classifying ports according to their size, these provide little information about the quality of the services being offered. The trends in contemporary logistics and the emerging of the new economy mean that successful ports can no longer sustain this approach. It is therefore suggested that ports become agile. Agile ports entail a new approach to measuring port performance. Because its development requires the implementation of a two-stage integration process, internal and external, it is therefore proposed that a two-tier measurement of port performance indicators is also developed. The new port measurement indicators, besides considering quantitative aspects, will also focus on qualitative issues as they bring increasing visibility within the port environment and along the transport chain, enhancing a better integration of all supply chain logistics elements. Qualitative performance indicators are at the heart of lean ports and consequently of port networking. Additionally, they support a total quality port management system implementation which encourages continuous improvements. The objective of this paper is to suggest a set of new port performance indicators that measure lean port performance and sustain the subsequent development of agile ports.

Market-based instruments have long been advocated on efficiency and welfare grounds, particularly by academics as a means of dealing with congestion and traffic-related pollution in urban areas. This paper details a survey of key UK stakeholders, namely local politicians, local transport officials and UK transport academics undertaken in order to ascertain their opinions with respect to a range of market- and non-market-based approaches aimed at dealing with the effects of road traffic in urban areas of the UK. The findings deal with how effective the key stakeholders perceive various market- and non-market based approaches to be as part of a package of measures, in dealing with the problem. The paper also details opinion with respect to acceptance of such measures and highlights areas of commonality between effectiveness and the acceptance of these measures. Finally, the paper draws a number of conclusions.

Freight modal shift from road to rail is a potential means by which the negative environmental and social impacts of transport can be reduced. This paper explores recent supply chain changes and assesses their impacts on the mode choice decision-making process, specifically addressing the implications for the use of rail. Despite many of the identified changes effectively making the use of rail more difficult, considerable evidence has been found of the potential for rail to attract new traffic. Much of the identified potential is unlikely to materialise, however, without improvements in rail network capability and capacity and a greater customer focus from rail freight operators.

Rail users consistently perceive their risks from crime to be significantly higher than official statistics suggest, discouraging many from using rail transport. The aims of the paper include a discussion of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and current policy initiatives for reducing crime and the fear of crime on the railways. This exploratory study focuses on adult passengers' perceptions of crime and nuisance as they relate to the management, design and maintenance of railway stations and their immediate access routes. The study innovatively utilises interactive virtual reality (VR) scenes of `representative' stations as the environmental stimulus and concludes that such an approach provides an analytical and pragmatic framework for managers of railway stations that are unlikely to receive Secure Station accreditation.

As the privatization of airports progresses throughout the world, the economic value of these strategic assets must be determined from a commercial perspective, rather than the economic impact perspective, which is typically used by governmental agencies to justify their construction. This paper applies financial theory of asset valuation to commercial airports. The authors have selected three airports for valuation purposes: Gimpo, Kimhae and Jeju. These airports are ranked top three in terms of annual traffic volume, among the 16 airports operated by Korea Airport Corporation (“KAC”). The authors estimate the intrinsic value of three major airports; Gimpo, Kimhae, and Jeju based on the discounted cash flow (DCF) model at $1.8 billion. The ultimate price achieved depends on the individual expectations of potential buyers, their opportunity costs and entrepreneurial abilities, as well as the ensuing negotiations. This paper, therefore, provides a benchmark for determining airport valuation in the event of privatization.

Contemporary methodologies are not conducive to requirements of the district level transportation planning. Therefore this paper proposes a computer-aided methodology for planning and prioritizing district transportation networks. The methodology has two versions, one for developed areas and another for underdeveloped areas. Establishing interactive relationships among transport networks, costs and benefits are unique features of the methodology designed for developed areas. A simplified version of the methodology is introduced for underdeveloped areas. The GIS supported and spreadsheet based methodology is useful for planning the district level road networks in Nepal and other developing countries.

This article analyses the maritime sector in Norway from a cluster perspective. The maritime sector in Norway is probably best known globally due to the country's large merchant marine fleet, but Norway also has a substantial maritime industry consisting of numerous shipyards, ship equipment manufacturers, and ship consultants, and a plethora of other companies and institutions with maritime oriented activities. These actors have together made up the essential components of the Norwegian maritime cluster. Strong interdependencies between actors in various parts of the sector and an emphasis on innovation and entrepreneurship have historically contributed to define a strong and dynamic industrial cluster. In recent years, innovation appears to have slowed down and there are signs of a growing cleavage between the manufacturing and services parts of the Norwegian maritime sector: the international competitiveness of the maritime industry has gradually eroded, as has the strength of relations across the various parts of the maritime sector.