Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems最新文献

As the Internet of Things (IoT) evolves, it paves the way for vital smart city applications, with the Smart Parking Management System (SPMS) standing as a prime example. This research introduces a novel IoT-driven SPMS that leverages Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology, termed as IoT-SPMS-LoRaWAN, to surmount typical restrictions related to communication range, energy usage, and implementation cost seen in traditional systems. IoT-SPMS-LoRaWAN features intelligent sensing nodes that incorporate an Arduino UNO microcontroller and two sensors—a triaxial magnetic sensor and a waterproof ultrasonic sensor. These components collaboratively detect vehicle occupancy and transmit this data to the server via a LoRaWAN gateway. Notably, the integration of LoRa technology enables extensive network coverage and energy efficiency. Users are provided with real-time updates on parking availability via the accessible AllThingsTalk Maker graphical user interface. Additionally, the system operates independently, sustained by a solar-powered rechargeable battery. Practical testing of IoT-SPMS-LoRaWAN under various scenarios validates its merits in terms of functionality, ease of use, reliable data transmission, and precision. Its urban implementation is expected to alleviate traffic congestion, optimize parking utilization, and elevate awareness about available parking spaces among users. Primarily, this study enriches the realm of smart city solutions by enhancing the efficiency of parking management and user experience via IoT.

A RepNet-based wireless self-powered sensor system is designed by just two components with deep learning algorithm, which has simple structure and high accuracy even without integrated circuit. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) directly power the artificial intelligence sensor, and the algorithm extracts and encodes the convolutional features and local temporal information from a video. To test this model, we assemble a test dataset of 192 videos, comprising 32 frequencies of TENG. We then show the real-time detection backend based on the RepNet. This deep-learning-based backend also works well and demonstrates great feasibility and potential in the applications such as counting the number of LED flashing, estimating the possibility of LED flashing and detecting the changes of frequency. It is a potential and novel approach for sensing and transmited information of TENG-based self-powered sensors.

Block-chain-based Identity and access management framework is a promising solution to privacy and security issues raised during the exchange of patient data in the healthcare industry. This technology ensures the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information by providing a decentralized and immutable ledger. In our research, we propose an identity and access management system that employs Hyper-ledger Fabric and OAuth 2.0 for improved security and scalability. This combination allows for transparency and immutability of user transactions and minimizes the risk of fraud and unauthorized access. Additionally, Hyper-ledger Fabric's privacy, security, and scalability features enable granular access control to sensitive information, while OAuth 2.0 authorizes only trusted third-party applications to access specific data on the Fabric network. The proposed approach can handle large volumes of data and support multiple applications, thus providing a secure and scalable solution for managing access to the Fabric network. Moreover, our solution employs Role-based access control based on the patient's role, ensuring privacy and confidentiality. Our statistical analysis demonstrates that the proposed approach can efficiently and securely manage patient identity and access, potentially transforming the healthcare industry by enhancing data interoperability, reducing fraud and errors, and improving patient privacy and security. Furthermore, our solution can facilitate compliance with regulatory requirements such as HIPAA and GDPR.

Cloud computing leverages computing resources by managing these resources globally in a more efficient manner as compared to individual resource services. It requires us to deliver the resources in a heterogeneous environment and also in a highly dynamic nature. Hence, there is always a risk of resource allocation failure that can maximize the delay in task execution. Such adverse impact in the cloud environment also raises questions on quality of service (QoS). Resource management for cloud application and service have bigger challenges and many researchers have proposed several solutions but there is room for improvement. Clustering the resources clustering and mapping them according to task can also be an option to deal with such task failure or mismanaged resource allocation. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is a stochastic approach-based algorithm which has the capability to cluster the resources in a cloud environment. The proposed algorithm considers high execution enabled powerful data centers with least fault probability during resource allocation which reduces the probability of fault and increases the tolerance. The simulation is cone using CloudsSim 5.0 tool kit. The results show 25% average improve in execution time, 6.5% improvement in number of task completed and 3.48% improvement in count of task failed as compared to ACO, PSO, BB-BC (Bib ​= ​g bang Big Crunch) and WHO(Whale optimization algorithm).

Cloud computing in today's computing environment plays a vital role, by providing efficient and scalable computation based on pay per use model. To make computing more reliable and efficient, it must be efficient, and high resources utilized. To improve resource utilization and efficiency in cloud, task scheduling and resource allocation plays a critical role. Many researchers have proposed algorithms to maximize the throughput and resource utilization taking into consideration heterogeneous cloud environments. This work proposes an algorithm using DBSCAN (Density-based spatial clustering) for task scheduling to achieve high efficiency. The proposed DBScan-based task scheduling algorithm aims to improve user task quality of service and improve performance in terms of execution time, average start time and finish time. The experiment result shows proposed model outperforms existing ACO and PSO with 13% improvement in execution time, 49% improvement in average start time and average finish time. The experimental results are compared with existing ACO and PSO algorithms for task scheduling.

Barcelos is a historic city in Portugal with many tourist attractions, attracting more and more visitors who come to the city with the aim of exploring it. The main objective of this article is to boost tourism in the city of Barcelos, specifically highlighting tourist, historical and leisure spots, based on the development of a mobile application using augmented reality technologies and geolocation. This application intends to allow the users to know historical points of interest in Barcelos, as well as interact with a certain point. The results of this investigation were evaluated by testing the application by end users, with the aim of identifying whether the application meets their needs, in particular the promotion of tourist and historical points.

ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, offers coherent and useful replies based on analysis of large volumes of data. In this article, leading academics, scientists, distinguish researchers and engineers discuss the transformative effects of ChatGPT on modern education. This research discusses ChatGPT capabilities and its use in the education sector, identifies potential concerns and challenges. Our preliminary evaluation shows that ChatGPT perform differently in different subject areas including finance, coding, maths, and general public queries. While ChatGPT has the ability to help educators by creating instructional content, offering suggestions and acting as an online educator to learners by answering questions, transforming education through smartphones and IoT gadgets, and promoting group work, there are clear drawbacks in its use, such as the possibility of producing inaccurate or false data and circumventing duplicate content (plagiarism) detectors where originality is essential. The often reported “hallucinations” within GenerativeAI in general, and also relevant for ChatGPT, can render its use of limited benefit where accuracy is essential. What ChatGPT lacks is a stochastic measure to help provide sincere and sensitive communication with its users. Academic regulations and evaluation practices used in educational institutions need to be updated, should ChatGPT be used as a tool in education. To address the transformative effects of ChatGPT on the learning environment, educating teachers and students alike about its capabilities and limitations will be crucial.

As the fusion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technology advances, it is increasingly shaping diverse fields. The potential of this convergence to fortify security, enhance privacy, and streamline operations has ignited considerable academic interest, resulting in an impressive body of literature. However, there is a noticeable scarcity of studies employing Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to dissect and categorize this field. This review paper endeavours to bridge this gap by meticulously analysing a dataset of 4455 journal articles drawn solely from the Scopus database, cantered around IoT and blockchain applications. Utilizing LDA, we have extracted 14 distinct topics from the collection, offering a broad view of the research themes in this interdisciplinary domain. Our exploration underscores an upswing in research pertaining to IoT and blockchain, emphasizing the rising prominence of this technological amalgamation. Among the most recurrent themes are IoT and blockchain integration in supply chain management and blockchain in healthcare data management and security, indicating the significant potential of this convergence to transform supply chains and secure healthcare data. Meanwhile, the less frequently discussed topics include access control and management in blockchain-based IoT systems and energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks using blockchain and IoT. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to apply LDA in the context of IoT and blockchain research, providing unique perspectives on the existing literature. Moreover, our findings pave the way for proposed future research directions, stimulating further investigation into the less explored aspects and sustaining the growth of this dynamic field.

Smart Healthy Schools (SHS) are a new paradigm in building engineering and infection risk control in school buildings where the disciplines of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), IoT (Internet of Things) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) merge together. In the post-pandemic era, equipping schools with a network of smart IoT sensors has become critical to aspire for the optimal control of the IAQ and lowering the airborne infection risk of several pathogens, indirectly related to cumulated human emitted CO₂ levels over time. Thermal energy waste in winter due to improved air renewal remains of major concern but can be well monitored within a SHS monitoring architecture thanks to the flexibility of the LoRaWAN protocol able to process also a large amount of energy and climatic data at room and building scale. In this work, we report the design of the AulaSicura platform, an IoT control system co-designed by the main author and Gizero Energie to implement the SHS paradigm via clearly visible (and audible) alarm signalling in existing and new school buildings. The cloud-based LoRa system is capable of continuous and simultaneous monitoring of a variety of sensors and IAQ parameters including indoor/oudoor temperatures, rel. humidities and human-emitted excess CO₂. The multi-room monitoring concept of indoor-CO₂ levels allows centralized control of natural ventilation levels in individual classrooms and can handle (quasi)-real-time data, relevant for data post-processing and future developments in (quasi)-real-rime assessment of IAQ and infection risk levels at single room scale. The sensor network is also extensible to up to one thousand of classrooms per LoRa-node allowing centralized control of entire school districts at an urban scale. Moreover, through Modbus-LoRa I/O converters, AulaSicura can also control the same amount of mechanical ventilation units per node either in pure or hybrid mechanical ventilation modes.

The robust stability problem of spatially interconnected systems with signal saturation among the many composed subsystems is considered. The system structure is usually sparse, and each subsystem has different dynamics. Firstly, a robust stability condition is established based on integral quadratic constraint (IQC) theory, which makes full use of the sparseness of the subsystem connection topology. Secondly, a decoupling robust condition that only depends on the subsystem parameters is proved. Finally, it is shown through numerical simulations that the obtained conditions are computationally valid in analyzing spatially interconnected systems with signal saturation constraints among the subsystems.