Some variations from a ‘standard’ technique in the post-operative treatment of mammary carcinoma by radiotherapy are described. These were evolved in the Queensland Radium Institute and have extended the scope of the routine treatment as practised in this centre and may be of interest as possible solutions of problems which are encountered.
In patients treated with ACTH, cortisone, or its derivatives, various radiological appearances and diagnostic problems may arise. These are described and the contribution that radiology can make towards the safer use of these hormones is discussed.
In 23 unselected normal male patients having normal bladders and no residual urine, the area of bladder shadow at the end of routine excretion urography immediately before micturition was compared with the volume of urine passed. Although there was some qualitative relationship, estimations of the volume of the bladder from the area of its shadow were liable to over 50 per cent inaccuracy.
Congenital double œsophagus is a rare anomaly. A case is described with a review of the literature.
An absent pulmonary artery can occur with a normal heart or with Fallot's tetrad. The affected lung is smaller because there is no erectile expansion of its alveoli. There is greatly increased bronchial circulation which may cause h˦moptysis, and result in an increased left ventricular output. Similar circulatory changes occur in gross bronchiectasis. A vascular abnormality may be simulated by a unilateral emphysema or bronchiectasis and the cardio-angiogram is not completely diagnostic. In all these syndromes the bronchographic appearances are specific, and bronchography therefore appears to be a more useful investigation. The appearances due to obstruction of a pulmonary artery may be the main radiological evidence of a bronchogenic carcinoma. A case of atrial septal defect in which there was difference in size of the primary branches of the pulmonary artery is described.
Summary
Three patients suffering from peri-ureteritis fibrosa are described.
Significant radiological features are referred to.
A short review is given of possible causes which have been suggested.
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