Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences最新文献

The aim of this paper is to introduce and study the concept of hesitant multi-fuzzy soft topological space and some of its structural properties, such as the neighbourhood of hesitant multi-fuzzy soft sets and interior hesitant multi-fuzzy soft sets, the hesitant multi-fuzzy soft basis and hesitant multi-fuzzy soft subspace topology. Additionally, we introduce and define the hesitant multi-fuzzy soft cover, hesitant multi-fuzzy soft open cover, and hesitant multi-fuzzy soft compactness, and some important results on them are presented.

In this article, the notion of pentagonal fuzzy number (PFN) is introduced in a generalized way. A few articles have been published based on this topic, but they have some ambiguities in defining this type of fuzzy number. Here, we proposed the logical definition in developing a pentagonal fuzzy number, along with its arithmetic operations. Based on PFN, the structure of pentagonal fuzzy matrices (PFMs) is studied, together with their basic properties. Some special type of PFMs and their algebraic natures (trace of PFM, adjoint of PFM, determinant of PFM, etc.) are discussed in this article. Finally, the notion of nilpotent PFM, comparable PFM, and constant PFMs, with their many properties, are highlighted in this article.

The basic objective of this paper is to determine and analyse the province-wise literacy rate in Pakistan and its impact on the economy. Pakistan belongs to those nations who have the world's worst literacy rate, which is the main reason for its slow agricultural growth and sluggish economy. In this study, we will examine Pakistan's literacy rate province-wise and its comparison with some other Asian countries: India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan. Pakistan has ignored education, which is the most vital element for the success and development of any nation; this has resulted in one of the lowest literacy rate in world: Pakistan's literacy rate is ranked 113 in a total of 120 countries. This is a huge issue for the country and its economic development, as well as a shameful and alarming state of affairs. Without attention and improvements to the education sector, Pakistan is predestined to face even greater problems. In this paper, we will also focus specifically on the current literacy rates of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan.

This study aims to enhance our understanding of the organic food supply chain among practitioners, academicians and researchers by underlining the major factors affecting the growth of the organic food business. Previous articles on organic food have been quantitative in nature; therefore, we proposed a qualitative study as a pathfinder for prospective researchers to understand the complex factors involved in the organic food supply chain (OFSC). To do so, this study reviewed eighty-four previous studies on organic foods and proposed a conceptual model for future research; customers' attitudes shall be influenced by sustainability, market deterrents, personal values, demographic and the socioeconomic environment. A customer's attitude has a direct impact on the purchase intention of the OFSC. The study also suggests an investigation of the indirect impact of sustainability, market deterrents, personal values and demographic and the socioeconomic environment on organic purchase intentions. The findings affirmed globally that environment protection, pesticide-free food and animal protection are major sustainability issues. In addition, premium price, insufficient availability and low awareness are the greatest deterrents, considering that personal values such as health benefits, natural contents, superior quality and better taste foster customers to purchase organic foodstuffs. In demographic and socioeconomic environmental contexts, education and income have emerged as major predictors of organic product purchases.

Death has always been a major concern of humanity since the beginning of history, and finding the secret of immortality and escaping death has become the subject of many myths and ancient stories. Among philosophers who have addressed the subject of death, Heidegger addressed not only immortality and life after death but also the nature of death during one's existence. In his view, man (which he named Existence) through death becomes aware of his finitude, and thus, Heidegger chooses human beings as the only way of understanding existence among creatures. Heidegger critiques the philosophy of his predecessors and traditional metaphysics and defines his final thought as understanding existence. In his view, the most authentic thought about existence comes from wisdom, and that thought can begin when human beings believe that the idea of a saviour among the centuries is the largest enemy of original thought. In his view, death is the most original form of the possibility of Existence that threatens the entire universe, so the existence understood by the notions of the way to be in charge of his own life. “Heidegger” is trying to show the truth that man (Existence), unlike any other living creature, is terminally affected by destruction and death. (Evans, 1998, p. 212). This paper also discusses Heidegger's ideas about death.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between internationalization and firm performance and to determine the moderating role of product diversity on this relationship. This study utilizes secondary financial data of 180 Indian manufacturing firms obtained from CMIE PROWESS and pertains to a period of five years. Correlation analysis has been used to make an initial investigation of whether the variables present certain problems of multicollinearity. Pooled Cross-Section/Time-Series regression analysis has been used to test the aforementioned relationships. Results of this study confirm a U-shape relationship between internationalization and firm performance and a significant negative effect of product diversity on firm performance. In addition, results indicate that product diversity strengthens the relationship between internationalization and performance.

The main focus of this study is to describe Lubuagan, Kalinga. The research also aims toidentify plants used for various purposes in the community. This study is particularly valuable to education because it offers a wide knowledge of the plants that are still present in Lubuagan, as well as their uses. The study uses a qualitative documentary method with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide to meet its objectives, with the community members as the primary respondents. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse collected data. Lubuagan, a municipality in Kalinga, has a total land area of 32,950 ha. It is composed of nine barangays and its land boundaries are Tinglayan, Abra, Pasil, Tanudan and Tabuk. As of the latest census, Lubuagan, Kalinga's population is 10,183, the majority of which is composed of older males. The people's main sources of income are agriculture and weaving. We identified several plants used for various purposes in the community including bamboo (piled/bida-ay), fig tree (tabbog), coconut tree, rattan, narra, acacia and fern tree. With these findings, we recommend that a parallel study be conducted in other municipalities of Kalinga to compare and contrast plants and their uses. Additionally, the identified plants can be used as learning aids in classrooms so that new generations become more knowledgeable about plants and their importance in the immediate community.

This study investigates the entrepreneurial ecosystem to determine the role of environmental turbulence in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance. This study attempts to provide additional insight to understand the relationship between EO and performance. This study uses a structural equation model with data from micro, small and medium-sized enterprises operating in Indonesia. The results indicate that environmental turbulence may have either a positive or negative impact on firm performance by encouraging firms to be more effective and achieve greater performance or having a negative effect on firms with superior entrepreneurial orientation.

Production instability and uneconomic sizes of planted areas are amongst the main issues and concerns for sustainability in Malaysian paddy farming. However, a sustainable development approach in the agricultural sector is not solely determined by such factors. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the level of sustainability in paddy farming based on five aspects that cover economic, social, ecology, institutional and technology indicators. The respondents consisted of 350 farmers who are members of the Water Consumer Group of the Northern Terengganu Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA KETARA). Based on questionnaires from structured interviews, the data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results indicate that technological advancement is the primary positive factor that determined the level of sustainability in IADA KETARA. The economy, society and institutions were also positive factors. Thus, it can be concluded that technological advancement is the most crucial element for achieving sustainability in the Malaysian paddy sector. Nevertheless, the adverse ecological impacts that could result from the adoption of any technological advancements must not be underestimated by the stakeholders.

The goal of this study is to analyse changes in the sphere of criticism reflecting the process underway in Russia by which political and economic reality is altered. A review of prior philosophical works regarding the transformation of criticism in Russia was conducted. Heidegger's Dasein-analytics infer that the process of annihilation becomes relevant for the possibility to learn about the meaning of being (Seyns) because everything is immersed in the immaterial world (Machenschaft) and participates in the domination of material things (des Seienden). The concept proposed in this analysis considers the inclusion of criticism into a wide metaphysical linguistic context. At a time when information technology controls both the material and immaterial, events depend only on power to the extent that truth is commensurate with vigour. The tendency to create a new ruling subjectivism is embodied in subversive tactics and a strategy to seize power, which is justified by any means whatsoever.