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Abiotic Methane in Continental Serpentinization Sites: An Overview 大陆蛇纹石化遗址中的非生物甲烷:综述☆
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.006
Giuseppe Etiope

Until 2008 methane in land-based serpentinized peridotites (MSP) was considered to be an unusual and rare occurrence of abiotic gas. Today, reports of MSP are increasing for numerous localities worldwide in low temperature settings in ophiolites, orogenic massifs or intrusions. CH4 emanates from focused seeps, hyperalkaline water springs or through diffuse seepage from the ground, typically along faults. MSP has a combination of stable C and H isotope composition that is different from that of biotic methane; it is likely produced by Fischer-Tropsch Type reactions between CO2 (or other C compounds) and H2 (from serpentinization) at low temperatures (typically <100 °C) and its carbon is fossil, 14C free, which does not derive from the more recent C dissolved in the hyperalkaline waters. MPS is more common than previously assumed; it may have played a key role in the origin of life, may fuel microbial life in igneous rocks on Earth and other planets, and can be an additional source of gas in atypical petroleum systems hosting ultramafic rocks.

直到2008年，陆基蛇纹岩橄榄岩(MSP)中的甲烷被认为是一种罕见的非生物气体。今天，在世界各地的蛇绿岩、造山岩块或侵入体的低温环境中，MSP的报道越来越多。CH4来自集中的渗漏，高碱性泉水或通过地面的弥漫性渗漏，通常沿着断层。MSP具有不同于生物甲烷的稳定碳、氢同位素组合;它可能是由CO2(或其他含碳化合物)和H2(来自蛇纹石化)在低温(通常为100°C)下的费托反应产生的，它的碳是化石的，不含14C，而不是来自最近溶解在高碱性水中的C。MPS比以前认为的更常见;它可能在生命起源中发挥了关键作用，可能为地球和其他行星上火成岩中的微生物生命提供燃料，也可能是含有超镁质岩石的非典型石油系统中的额外天然气来源。
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引用次数: 36
Deep Groundwater Circulation through Gas Shales in Mountain Belts 山区气页岩深层地下水循环
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.134
S. Grasby, G. Ferguson, Alyson Brady, Christine Sharp, P. Dunfield, M. McMechan
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引用次数: 3
Assessment of soil and Groundwater Contamination by Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Russian and Indian Megacities 俄罗斯和印度特大城市土壤和地下水重金属和类金属污染评价
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.180
I. Galitskaya, K. R. Mohan, A. Keshav Krishna, G. Batrak, O.N. Eremina, V. Putilina, T. Yuganova
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引用次数: 43
Water, Energy and Environmental Challenges in the XXI Century: Solutions for the Future 21世纪的水、能源和环境挑战:未来的解决方案
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.012
António Costa Silva

This presentation focus on the challenges for the XXI century and solutions for the future regarding water, energy and environment. The characterization of the current world situation in terms of geopolitics, economy, global threats and resources, including not only minerals and energy but also water and food, is addressed. Structural and environmental challenges that are reshaping the commodities and energy markets are discussed. The situation of water resources is addressed with the growing number of the countries with scarce access to resources and the need to find sustainable solutions for the future. Finally a vision of the main issues for the future is presented addressing emerging trends that are under development, specially in the energy markets.

本次演讲的重点是21世纪面临的挑战以及未来在水、能源和环境方面的解决方案。在地缘政治，经济，全球威胁和资源，不仅包括矿产和能源，也包括水和食物方面的当前世界形势的特征，是解决。讨论了正在重塑大宗商品和能源市场的结构性和环境挑战。随着越来越多的国家缺乏获得水资源的机会，以及需要为未来找到可持续的解决办法，水资源状况得到了解决。最后，对未来的主要问题提出了展望，解决了正在发展的新趋势，特别是在能源市场。
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引用次数: 2
In Situ Rb-Sr Dating of Fine-grained Vein Mineralizations Using LA-ICP-MS 用LA-ICP-MS测定细粒矿脉矿化的原位Rb-Sr年代
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.117
Mikael Tillberg, H. Drake, T. Zack, Johan Hogmalm, M. Åström
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引用次数: 16
Stable Isotopes of Deep Groundwater in the Xiongxian Geothermal Field 雄县地热田深层地下水稳定同位素研究
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.129
Yanlong Kong, Z. Pang, J. Pang, Yingchun Wang, Fengtian Yang
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引用次数: 9
On Modeling CO2 Dynamics in a Flood Plain Aquifer 洪水平原含水层CO2动力学模拟研究
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.103
B. Arora, D. Dwivedi, N. Spycher, C. Steefel
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引用次数: 3
Hydrochemical Markers of Sinkholes Over Flooded Potash Mines in the Upper Kama Saliferous Basin 上卡马盐碱盆地淹水钾矿沉陷孔水化学标志
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.125
I. Kostikova, V. Zverev
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引用次数: 0
Boron contamination in the west of Lake Urmia, NW Iran, caused by hydrothermal activities 热液活动对伊朗西北部乌尔米亚湖西部硼污染的影响
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.PROEPS.2016.12.140
M. Assadpour, S. Heuss-Aßbichler, M. Bari
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引用次数: 2
Removal of Harmful Constituents from Geothermal Water by Selected Anion Clays 选用阴离子粘土去除地热水中的有害成分
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.041
Yaowu Cao , Qinghai Guo , Yaqin Zhuang , Zhengyan Yu , Wei Guo , Canhai Zhang , Mingcheng Zhu , Qian Zhao , Tianlin Ren

Four kinds of anion clays (hydrocalumite, hydrotalcite, iowaite and takovite) synthesized in this study were used for removing harmful constituents from the geothermal waters collected from three hydrothermal areas located in Qinghai Province, northwestern China. Iowaite performed better than the other anion clays in term of water dearsenication, while hydrotalcite exhibited higher efficiencies on removal of fluoride and sulphate. The increase in dosage of iowaite dramatically elevated the chloride concentrations of the treated geothermal waters as the enhanced release of original interlayer chloride in the iowaite duo to the anion exchange. Therefore, hydrotalcite is the optimal sorbent for uptake of undesirable constituents in Qinghai geothermal waters and is promising for wider use in treatment of geothermal waters in the future.

利用合成的4种阴离子粘土(水钙石、水滑石、爱荷华石和takovite)对青海省3个热液区地热水中的有害成分进行了去除。爱荷华土在水脱砷方面的表现优于其他阴离子粘土，而水滑石在除氟和硫酸盐方面表现出更高的效率。随着爱荷华盐用量的增加，处理过的地热水中氯离子的浓度显著升高，这是由于爱荷华盐对原层间氯离子的释放增强到阴离子交换中。因此，水滑石是吸收青海地热水中不良成分的最佳吸附剂，在地热水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。
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引用次数: 8
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