Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)最新文献_第2页

Clinical symptoms and social functioning in schizophrenia 精神分裂症的临床症状和社会功能

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2020.05.003

Maria Jose Escandell , Gemma Prat , Mar Garcia-Franco , Jose Ramón Martín-Martínez , Susana Ochoa , Ingrid Tortades , Sonia Vilamala , Marina Verdaguer-Rodríguez , Emma Casas-Anguera

Introduction

The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between social functioning and clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia, analyzing the influence of both global social functioning and the specific aspects of social functioning, assertiveness and communication skills in the explanation of type of symptoms.

Material and methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study composed of 125 people diagnosed with schizophrenia was performed. Patients were assessed with the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ), the Gambrill and Richey Assertiveness Inventory (GR), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the Global Assessment of Social Functioning Scale (SOFAS), Social Functioning Scale (SFS), Life Skills Profile (LSP) scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale for Schizophrenia (CGI-S).

Results

SOFAS, LSP and GR are related to each of the subscales and total scores of symptoms (p < 0.05–0.001). The multiple regressions show that SOFAS and GR explained 59% of the total symptoms. SOFAS and GR, accounting for 65% of the variance, explain positive symptoms. GR and SOFAS explained 34% of the variance of negative symptoms. SOFAS, CSQ and LSP, accounting for 20% of the variance, explain depressive symptoms. SOFAS explained 46% of the variance of cognitive symptoms.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest the usefulness of social functioning assessment in the explanation of clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Moreover, our results point out that not only negative and cognitive symptoms, but also positive and depressive symptoms, should be taken into account in the rehabilitation process in order to improve patient adaptation in the community.

本研究的目的是评估精神分裂症患者的社会功能与临床症状之间的关系，分析整体社会功能以及社会功能、自信和沟通技巧的特定方面对症状类型的解释的影响。材料与方法对125例精神分裂症患者进行横断面描述性研究。采用沟通技巧问卷(CSQ)、Gambrill和Richey自信量表(GR)、整体功能评估量表(GAF)和整体社会功能评估量表(SOFAS)、社会功能量表(SFS)、生活技能量表(LSP)和精神分裂症临床整体印象量表(CGI-S)对患者进行评估。结果sofas、LSP和GR与各分量表及症状总分相关(p <0.05 - -0.001)。多重回归分析显示，SOFAS和GR解释了总症状的59%。SOFAS和GR占方差的65%，可以解释阳性症状。GR和SOFAS解释了34%的阴性症状方差。SOFAS、CSQ和LSP占方差的20%，可以解释抑郁症状。SOFAS解释了46%的认知症状差异。结论社会功能评估有助于解释精神分裂症患者的临床症状。此外，我们的研究结果指出，在康复过程中，不仅应考虑阴性和认知症状，还应考虑阳性和抑郁症状，以提高患者在社区中的适应能力。

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引用次数: 0

Risk factors of deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: Results from a cross-sectional study 缺乏性和非缺乏性精神分裂症的危险因素:一项横断面研究的结果

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.05.001

Agnieszka Cyran , Patryk Piotrowski , Jerzy Samochowiec , Tomasz Grąźlewski , Błażej Misiak

Aim

It has been observed that deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia (SCZ-D and SCZ-ND) might be characterized by different risk factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess as to whether previously reported risk factors of schizophrenia are specifically associated with SCZ-D and SCZ-ND.

Method

This study was based on a cohort of 118 stable outpatients with schizophrenia. A diagnosis of SCZ-D was established using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Risk factors were recorded using structured interview, the Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) checklist and the Traumatic Experience Checklist (TEC). The following risk factors were explored: male sex, a history of schizophrenia in first-degree relatives, seasonality of birth, birth weight <3000 g, delivery by cesarean section, a history of childhood trauma (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse and sexual abuse) as well as substance abuse (other than nicotine) and cigarette smoking at psychosis onset.

Results

Individuals with SCZ-D were more likely to be males as well as reported higher rates of birth weight <3000 g and any categories of childhood trauma. In turn, substance abuse (other than nicotine) at psychosis onset was significantly more frequent in patients with SCZ-ND. Binary logistic regression, controlling for multiple comparisons, revealed similar findings, except for the association with any categories of childhood trauma that appeared to be not significant.

Conclusion

Our findings partially replicate differential patterns of risk factors for SCZ-D (male sex and birth weight <3000 g) and SCZ-ND (substance abuse at psychosis onset), likely attributable to the effects of timing of exposure.

目的观察缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症(SCZ-D和SCZ-ND)可能具有不同的危险因素。因此，本研究旨在评估先前报道的精神分裂症危险因素是否与SCZ-D和SCZ-ND特异性相关。方法对118例稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者进行队列研究。使用缺陷综合征表(SDS)建立SCZ-D的诊断。采用结构化访谈、精神疾病操作标准(OPCRIT)和创伤经历检查表(TEC)记录危险因素。以下风险因素被探讨:男性、一级亲属有精神分裂症史、出生季节性、出生体重3000克、剖宫产、童年创伤史(情感虐待、情感忽视、身体虐待和性虐待)以及精神疾病发病时的药物滥用(尼古丁除外)和吸烟。结果患有SCZ-D的个体更有可能是男性，并且报告的出生体重超过3000克和任何类别的童年创伤的比例更高。反过来，SCZ-ND患者在精神病发作时药物滥用(尼古丁除外)明显更频繁。二元逻辑回归，控制多重比较，揭示了类似的发现，除了与任何类别的儿童创伤的关联似乎不显著。结论:我们的研究结果部分重复了SCZ-D(男性性别和出生体重<3000 g)和SCZ-ND(精神病发病时药物滥用)危险因素的差异模式，可能归因于暴露时间的影响。

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引用次数: 2

From capacity modification to support measures in people with disabilities 从能力改造到对残疾人的支持措施

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.002

Esperanza L. Gómez-Durán , Rosa María Méndez-Tomás , Carles Martin-Fumadó

引用次数: 0

Validity of the Functioning Assessment Short Tests (FAST), in patients with schizophrenia 功能评估短测试(FAST)在精神分裂症患者中的有效性

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.003

Eva María Luján-Lujan , María Ángeles García-León , Elena Rodriguez-Cano , Sergi Huertas-Martínez , Juan Roldan-Merino , Montserrat Puig-Llobet , Maria Dolores Miguel-Ruiz , Raimon Salvador , Eduard Vieta , Edith Pomarol-Clotet

Introduction

Functional impairment in schizophrenia is one of the main features of the disorder and implies a great impact on the patient's quality of life. The Brief Functioning Assessment Scale (FAST), originally validated in bipolar disorder, has also been validated for its application in other mental disorders. However, we only found one study on the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version in schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the FAST in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Material and methods

A total of 226 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were evaluated by mean the FAST, the GAF and the self-care requirements scale (ERA). Scale properties were analyzed in terms of internal consistency, inter-observer agreement and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity with the GAF and ERA scales was also analyzed, as well as construct validity by means of a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).

Results

For the total scale, the results showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha of, 87), as well as good inter-observer (ICC = ,86) and test-retest (ICC = ,77) agreement. Concurrent validity with the GAF scale was discrete (r = −,32; P < ,001) and with the ERA scale was moderate (r = ,50; P < ,001). CFA showed an internal structure that matched the six factors proposed by the original scale, with a good level of item saturation for each factor.

Conclusions

The FAST scale showed good psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity in its Spanish version for its application in patients with schizophrenia. It can be considered as a good tool to assess different areas of functional impairment in clinical practice and research.

精神分裂症的功能障碍是该疾病的主要特征之一，对患者的生活质量有很大影响。简要功能评估量表(FAST)最初在双相情感障碍中得到验证，也被验证用于其他精神障碍。然而，我们只发现了一项关于巴西版精神分裂症的可靠性和有效性的研究。本研究的目的是分析精神分裂症患者的西班牙语版FAST的心理测量特性。材料与方法对226例精神分裂症患者采用FAST、GAF和自我护理要求量表(ERA)进行平均评估。量表性质从内部一致性、观察者间一致性和重测信度等方面进行分析。对GAF和ERA量表的收敛效度进行了分析，并通过验证性因子分析(CFA)对结构效度进行了分析。结果总量表结果具有较高的内部一致性(Cronbach’s Alpha =， 87)、良好的观察者间一致性(ICC =，86)和重测一致性(ICC =，77)。与GAF量表的并发效度是离散的(r = -，32;P & lt;，001)，与ERA量表比较为中度(r =，50;P & lt;, 001)。CFA显示了一个与原始量表提出的六个因素相匹配的内部结构，每个因素的项目饱和度都很好。结论FAST量表西班牙文版在精神分裂症患者中的应用具有良好的信度和效度。在临床实践和研究中，它可以被认为是评估不同领域功能损伤的一个很好的工具。

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引用次数: 1

Estimation of the epidemiology of dementia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms by applying machine learning to real-world data 通过将机器学习应用于现实世界数据来估计痴呆和相关神经精神症状的流行病学

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.005

Javier Mar , Ania Gorostiza , Arantzazu Arrospide , Igor Larrañaga , Ane Alberdi , Carlos Cernuda , Álvaro Iruin , Mikel Tainta , Lorea Mar-Barrutia , Oliver Ibarrondo

Introduction

Incidence rates of dementia-related neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are not known and this hampers the assessment of their population burden. The objective of this study was to obtain an approximate estimate of the population incidence and prevalence of both dementia and NPS.

Methods

Given the dynamic nature of the population with dementia, a retrospective study was conducted within the database of the Basque Health Service (real-world data) at the beginning and end of 2019. Validated random forest models were used to identify separately depressive and psychotic clusters according to their presence in the electronic health records of all patients diagnosed with dementia.

Results

Among the 631,949 individuals over 60 years registered, 28,563 were diagnosed with dementia, of whom 15,828 (55.4%) showed psychotic symptoms and 19,461 (68.1%) depressive symptoms. The incidence of dementia in 2019 was 6.8/1000 person-years. Most incident cases of depressive (72.3%) and psychotic (51.9%) NPS occurred in cases of incident dementia. The risk of depressive-type NPS grows with years since dementia diagnosis, living in a nursing home, and female sex, but falls with older age. In the psychotic cluster model, the effects of male sex, and older age are inverted, both increasing the probability of this type of symptoms.

Conclusions

The stigmatization factor conditions the social and attitudinal environment, delaying the diagnosis of dementia, preventing patients from receiving adequate care and exacerbating families’ suffering. This study evidences the synergy between big data and real-world data for psychiatric epidemiological research.

痴呆相关神经精神症状(NPS)的发病率尚不清楚，这阻碍了对其人口负担的评估。本研究的目的是获得痴呆症和NPS的人群发病率和患病率的大致估计。方法考虑到痴呆症人群的动态性，在2019年初和年底对巴斯克卫生服务数据库(真实数据)进行了回顾性研究。使用经过验证的随机森林模型，根据所有诊断为痴呆症的患者的电子健康记录中的存在情况，分别识别抑郁症和精神病性群集。结果在登记的60岁以上的631,949人中，28,563人被诊断为痴呆，其中15,828人(55.4%)表现为精神病症状，19,461人(68.1%)表现为抑郁症状。2019年痴呆症的发病率为6.8/1000人年。大多数抑郁症(72.3%)和精神病性NPS(51.9%)发生在痴呆患者中。患抑郁症型NPS的风险随着诊断为痴呆症、住在养老院和女性的年龄而增加，但随着年龄的增长而下降。在精神病群集模型中，男性性别和年龄的影响是相反的，两者都增加了这类症状的可能性。结论污名化因素影响了社会和态度环境，延误了痴呆症的诊断，使患者无法得到适当的护理，加剧了家庭的痛苦。本研究证明了大数据与现实世界数据在精神病学研究中的协同作用。

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引用次数: 0

Spanish adaptation and validation of the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS-24) 西班牙语同伴心理健康污名化量表(PMHSS-24)的适应和验证

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.001

Jesús de la Higuera-Romero , Andrea Candelas-Muñoz , Andrea Jiménez-González , Cristina Castañeda-Jiménez , Paula Fuica-Pereg , María Zurita-Carrasco , Eloísa Martínez-Fernandez-Repeto , Cristina Senín-Calderón

Introduction

There is currently a growing interest in interventions aimed at the reduction of stigma towards people with emotional difficulties in adolescents. Unfortunately, the number of scales available in Spanish to assess stigma at these ages is limited. This paper aims to adapt and validate the scale of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental health among peers (Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale PMHSS-24).

Material and methods

A total of 443 adolescents (46.6% female and 53.7% male) between 13 and 17 years of age participated (M_age = 14.64; SD = 0.83) in the 3rd and 4th grades of Obligatory Secondary Education. The internal consistency of the test was calculated, an exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) was performed with half of the sample and a confirmatory one (CFA) with the other half, and the invariance of measurement of the scale through sex was found.

Results

The EFA showed a two-factor structure for the negative scale (53% of the variance explained) and another 2 for the positive scale (62% of the variance explained). The CFA corroborated the factor structure with appropriate goodness-of-fit indicators (CFI > 0.95; NNFI > 0.95, SRMR < 0.08, RMSEA < 0.08). Factor loads ranged from 0.49 to 0.89, with α factor correlation between r = 0.53 and 0.45. Both subscales exhibited optimal alpha values (negative 0.94 and positive 0.81). The scale was invariant between the sexes.

Conclusions

The data suggest that PMHSS-24 may be a useful scale for the initial screening of the stereotypes exhibited by adolescents toward people with mental illness.

目前，人们越来越关注旨在减少对青少年中有情绪困难的人的污名化的干预措施。不幸的是，西班牙语中可用来评估这些年龄段的病耻感的量表数量有限。本研究旨在调整和验证同伴心理健康污名化态度量表(PMHSS-24)。材料与方法共443名13 ~ 17岁青少年(女性46.6%，男性53.7%)参与研究(Mage = 14.64;SD = 0.83)。计算测试的内部一致性，对一半样本进行探索性析因分析(EFA)，对另一半样本进行验证性析因分析(CFA)，并发现量表通过性别测量的不变性。结果EFA在负性量表(解释53%的方差)和正性量表(解释62%的方差)上呈双因子结构。CFA用合适的拟合优度指标证实了因子结构(CFI > 0.95;0.95 NNFI 祝辞 SRMR & lt; 0.08,RMSEA & lt; 0.08)。因子负荷范围为0.49 ~ 0.89，α因子相关r = 0.53 ~ 0.45。两个分量表均表现出最佳α值(负0.94和正0.81)。这一比例在两性之间是不变的。结论PMHSS-24可作为初步筛选青少年对精神疾病患者刻板印象的有效量表。

{"title":"Spanish adaptation and validation of the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS-24)","authors":"Jesús de la Higuera-Romero , Andrea Candelas-Muñoz , Andrea Jiménez-González , Cristina Castañeda-Jiménez , Paula Fuica-Pereg , María Zurita-Carrasco , Eloísa Martínez-Fernandez-Repeto , Cristina Senín-Calderón","doi":"10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>There is currently a growing interest in interventions aimed at the reduction of stigma towards people with emotional difficulties in adolescents. Unfortunately, the number of scales available in Spanish to assess stigma at these ages is limited. This paper aims to adapt and validate the scale of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental health among peers (Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale PMHSS-24).</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A total of 443 adolescents (46.6% female and 53.7% male) between 13 and 17 years of age participated (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 14.64; <em>SD</em><span> = 0.83) in the 3rd and 4th grades of Obligatory Secondary Education. The internal consistency of the test was calculated, an exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) was performed with half of the sample and a confirmatory one (CFA) with the other half, and the invariance of measurement of the scale through sex was found.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>The EFA showed a two-factor structure for the negative scale (53% of the variance explained) and another 2 for the positive scale (62% of the variance explained). The CFA corroborated the factor structure with appropriate goodness-of-fit indicators (CFI > 0.95; NNFI > 0.95, SRMR < 0.08, RMSEA < 0.08). Factor loads ranged from 0.49 to 0.89, with α factor correlation between </span><em>r</em> = 0.53 and 0.45. Both subscales exhibited optimal alpha values (negative 0.94 and positive 0.81). The scale was invariant between the sexes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The data suggest that PMHSS-24 may be a useful scale for the initial screening of the stereotypes exhibited by adolescents toward people with mental illness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101104,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 176-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pedro-Enrique Muñoz Rodríguez: A social psychiatrist in times of confusion Pedro-Enrique Muñoz Rodríguez:混乱时代的社会精神病学家

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.004

Luis Salvador-Carulla , Antonio Bulbena Vilarrasa

引用次数: 0

Comparison of disability between common mental disorders and severe mental disorders using WHODAS 2.0 使用WHODAS 2.0对常见精神障碍与重度精神障碍的残疾进行比较

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.008

Elena Hernando-Merino , Enrique Baca-Garcia , Maria Luisa Barrigón

Introduction

Mental disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Despite the fact that severe mental disorders (SMD) are associated with high disability, the impact of common mental disorders (CMD) is not negligible. In this work, we compare the disability measured with the WHODAS 2.0 scale of both diagnostic groups at the Mental Health Nurse facility.

Material and methods

Sociodemographic data, clinical diagnosis and disability scores were collected, using the WHODAS 2.0 scale, of the patients attended by the Mental Health specialist nurse at the Infanta Elena de Valdemoro Hospital (Madrid) and disability was compared in patients with SMD and CMD, using the Student t test.

Results

Our study sample consisted of 133 patients. Patients with CMD showed greater disability compared to patients with SMD. It was observed that the disability associated with CMD is higher, compared to SMD, this difference being significant for the domain of work (p < 0.001) and participation in society (p = 0.041).

Conclusions

In this study we showed that the level of disability associated with CMD was higher in certain areas compared to SMD, this difference was of special relevance for the «Work» and «Participation» domains. This may serve to adapt the interventions aimed at these people and improve their quality of life.

精神障碍是全世界致残的主要原因之一。尽管严重精神障碍(SMD)与高度残疾相关，但普通精神障碍(CMD)的影响也不容忽视。在这项工作中，我们比较了在精神卫生护士设施的两个诊断组的WHODAS 2.0量表测量的残疾。资料与方法采用WHODAS 2.0量表收集马德里公主医院精神卫生专科护士就诊患者的社会人口学资料、临床诊断和残疾评分，并采用学生t检验比较SMD和CMD患者的残疾情况。结果我们的研究样本包括133例患者。与SMD患者相比，CMD患者表现出更大的残疾。我们观察到，与SMD相比，与CMD相关的残疾更高，这种差异在工作领域(p < 0.001)和社会参与(p = 0.041)上是显著的。在这项研究中，我们发现与CMD相关的残疾水平在某些领域比SMD更高，这种差异与“工作”和“参与”领域特别相关。这可能有助于调整针对这些人的干预措施，并改善他们的生活质量。

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引用次数: 0

Towards a classification framework for patient safety incidents and adverse events for a mental health community-based model of service provision 建立病人安全事件和不良事件分类框架，以建立以社区为基础的精神卫生服务提供模式

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.010

Eva Frigola-Capell , René Morgan , Albert Nogué , Ingrid Thelen , Jordi Font , Begoña Gonzalvo , Pilar Oliveras , Eva Bacardí , Maria Dolors Malla , Alex Gimeno , Anna Pla , Domènech Serrano , Eduard Palomer , Glòria Trafach , Jose Luís Ignacio Sagredo , Margarita De Castro , Montse Gibernau , Roser Serrallonga , Maite Roger , Jordi Cid

引用次数: 0

Scale of psychological pain: Spanish adaptation of the Psychache Scale in young adults 心理疼痛量表:西班牙青年心理疼痛量表的适应

Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)

Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2022.09.006

Jorge L. Ordóñez-Carrasco, Isabel Cuadrado Guirado, Antonio Rojas Tejada

Introduction

Psychological pain is understood as an intolerable and disturbing mental state characterized by an internal experience of negative emotions. This study was aimed at making a Spanish adaptation of the Psychache Scale by Holden and colleagues in a sample of young adults.

Material and methods

The scale evaluates psychological pain as a subjective experience. It is composed of 13 items with a Likert-type response format. Following the guidelines of the International Tests Commission for the adaptation of the test, we obtained a version conceptually and linguistically equivalent to the original scale. Through an online questionnaire, participants completed the psychological pain scale along with other scales to measure depression (BDI-II), hopelessness (Beck’s scale of hopelessness) and suicide risk (Plutchik suicide risk scale). The participants were 234 people (94 men, 137 women and three people who identified as a different sex) from 18 to 35 years old.

Results

The EFA showed a one-factor solution, and the FCA revealed adequate indexes of adjustment to the unifactorial model. It also showed good reliability of the test scores. The evidence of validity of the scale in relation to the other variables showed high, positive and statistically significant correlations with depression, hopelessness, suicidal ideation and suicidal risk.

Conclusion

In summary, this Spanish adaptation of the Psychache Scale could contribute to improving the evaluation of both the patient with suicide risk and the effectiveness of psychological therapy, as well as suicidal behaviour prevention and intervention.

心理疼痛被理解为一种无法忍受和令人不安的精神状态，其特征是内在的负面情绪体验。这项研究的目的是制作一个西班牙版的精神痛苦量表，由霍尔顿和他的同事在年轻人的样本中编写。材料与方法该量表将心理疼痛作为一种主观体验进行评估。它由13个项目组成，具有李克特类型的回答格式。根据国际考试委员会关于调整该考试的指导方针，我们获得了一个在概念上和语言上与原比额表相当的版本。通过在线问卷，参与者完成了心理疼痛量表以及其他测量抑郁(BDI-II)、绝望(贝克绝望量表)和自杀风险(Plutchik自杀风险量表)的量表。参与者是234人(94名男性，137名女性和3名性别不同的人)，年龄从18岁到35岁不等。结果EFA显示出单因素解，FCA显示出对单因素模型的适当调整指标。它还显示了测试分数的良好可靠性。量表与其他变量的效度与抑郁、绝望、自杀意念和自杀风险呈显著正相关。综上所述，西班牙语版《精神疼痛量表》有助于提高对自杀风险患者的评估和心理治疗的效果，以及自杀行为的预防和干预。

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引用次数: 5