Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.001
Jon A. Vanderhoof
{"title":"In time: misuse and overuse of amino acid formulas in cow milk allergy","authors":"Jon A. Vanderhoof","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 379-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91636755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.03.001
Gerson Luis de Moraes Ferrari , Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo , Mauro Fisberg
Objective
To analyze and compare the changes in physical fitness according to the nutritional status and gender of schoolchildren during a period of 30 years (1980–2010).
Methods
Four cross-sectional evaluations were performed every 10 years in a period of 30 years from 1978 to 1980 (baseline), 1988–1990 (10 years), 1998–2000 (20 years) and 2008–2010 (30 years). The sample consisted of 1291 schoolchildren (188 in baseline, 307 in 10 years; 375 in 20 years; 421 in 30 years) of 10 and 11 years old. The variables assessed were: body weight (kg), height (cm), upper limb strength (ULS; kg), lower limb strength (LLS; cm), agility (seconds) and velocity (seconds). Schoolchildren were classified as normal weight and overweight according to World Health Organization reference of body mass index for age and gender. Comparisons among periods applied ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, with a significance level set at of p<0.01. Variation between baseline and 30 years was assessed by the percentage delta. Seven different percentile values were presented for each variable.
Results
In eutrophic boys and girls, mean values of ULS (−16.7%; −3.2%), agility (−1.5%; −1.6%) decreased significantly after 30 years (p<0.001). In the overweight boys and girls, only the average ULS (−15.5%; −12.5%) decreased significantly over time (p<0.001). After 30 years, the ULS percentile changed in boys.
Conclusions
The decline in physical fitness was greater in schoolchildren with normal weight than in those with overweight.
{"title":"Changes in physical fitness and nutritional status of schoolchildren in a period of 30 years (1980–2010)","authors":"Gerson Luis de Moraes Ferrari , Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo , Mauro Fisberg","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze and compare the changes in physical fitness according to the nutritional status and gender of schoolchildren during a period of 30 years (1980–2010).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four cross-sectional evaluations were performed every 10 years in a period of 30 years from 1978 to 1980 (baseline), 1988–1990 (10 years), 1998–2000 (20 years) and 2008–2010 (30 years). The sample consisted of 1291 schoolchildren (188 in baseline, 307 in 10 years; 375 in 20 years; 421 in 30 years) of 10 and 11 years old. The variables assessed were: body weight (kg), height (cm), upper limb strength (ULS; kg), lower limb strength (LLS; cm), agility (seconds) and velocity (seconds). Schoolchildren were classified as normal weight and overweight according to World Health Organization reference of body mass index for age and gender. Comparisons among periods applied ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test, with a significance level set at of <em>p</em><0.01. Variation between baseline and 30 years was assessed by the percentage delta. Seven different percentile values were presented for each variable.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In eutrophic boys and girls, mean values of ULS (−16.7%; −3.2%), agility (−1.5%; −1.6%) decreased significantly after 30 years (<em>p</em><0.001). In the overweight boys and girls, only the average ULS (−15.5%; −12.5%) decreased significantly over time (<em>p</em><0.001). After 30 years, the ULS percentile changed in boys.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The decline in physical fitness was greater in schoolchildren with normal weight than in those with overweight.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 415-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91636751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.008
Alessandra Terra Vasconcelos Rabelo, Fernanda Rodrigues Campos, Clarice Passos Friche, Bárbara Suelen Vasconcelos da Silva, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Claudia Regina Lindgren Alves, Lúcia Maria Horta de Figueiredo Goulart
Objective
To investigate the prevalence of oral language, orofacial motor skill and auditory processing disorders in children aged 4–10 years and verify their association with age and gender.
Methods
Cross-sectional study with stratified, random sample consisting of 539 students. The evaluation consisted of three protocols: orofacial motor skill protocol, adapted from the Myofunctional Evaluation Guidelines; the Child Language Test ABFW – Phonology; and a simplified auditory processing evaluation. Descriptive and associative statistical analyses were performed using Epi Info software, release 6.04. Chi-square test was applied to compare proportion of events and analysis of variance was used to compare mean values. Significance was set at p≤0.05.
Results
Of the studied subjects, 50.1% had at least one of the assessed disorders; of those, 33.6% had oral language disorder, 17.1% had orofacial motor skill impairment, and 27.3% had auditory processing disorder. There were significant associations between auditory processing skills’ impairment, oral language impairment and age, suggesting a decrease in the number of disorders with increasing age. Similarly, the variable “one or more speech, language and hearing disorders” was also associated with age.
Conclusions
The prevalence of speech, language and hearing disorders in children was high, indicating the need for research and public health efforts to cope with this problem.
{"title":"Speech and language disorders in children from public schools in Belo Horizonte","authors":"Alessandra Terra Vasconcelos Rabelo, Fernanda Rodrigues Campos, Clarice Passos Friche, Bárbara Suelen Vasconcelos da Silva, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Claudia Regina Lindgren Alves, Lúcia Maria Horta de Figueiredo Goulart","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the prevalence of oral language, orofacial motor skill and auditory processing disorders in children aged 4–10 years and verify their association with age and gender.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional study with stratified, random sample consisting of 539 students. The evaluation consisted of three protocols: orofacial motor skill protocol, adapted from the Myofunctional Evaluation Guidelines; the Child Language Test ABFW – Phonology; and a simplified auditory processing evaluation. Descriptive and associative statistical analyses were performed using Epi Info software, release 6.04. Chi-square test was applied to compare proportion of events and analysis of variance was used to compare mean values. Significance was set at <em>p</em>≤0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the studied subjects, 50.1% had at least one of the assessed disorders; of those, 33.6% had oral language disorder, 17.1% had orofacial motor skill impairment, and 27.3% had auditory processing disorder. There were significant associations between auditory processing skills’ impairment, oral language impairment and age, suggesting a decrease in the number of disorders with increasing age. Similarly, the variable “one or more speech, language and hearing disorders” was also associated with age.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The prevalence of speech, language and hearing disorders in children was high, indicating the need for research and public health efforts to cope with this problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 453-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91636752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.006
Neiva Leite, Leilane Lazarotto, Gerusa Eisfeld Milano, Ana Claudia Kapp Titski, Cássio Leandro Mühe Consentino, Fernanda de Mattos, Fabiana Antunes de Andrade, Lupe Furtado-Alle
Objective
To investigate the association of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms of β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) with the occurrence of asthma and overweight and the gene's influence on anthropometric, clinic, biochemical and physical fitness variables in children and adolescents.
Methods
Subjects were evaluated for allelic frequencies of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage, resting heart rate (HRres), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), Homeostasis Metabolic Assessment (HOMA2-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The participants were divided in four groups: overweight asthmatic (n=39), overweight non-asthmatic (n=115), normal weight asthmatic (n=12), and normal weight non-asthmatic (n=40).
Results
Regarding the Gln27Glu polymorphism, higher total cholesterol was observed in usual genotype individuals than in genetic variant carriers (p=0.04). No evidence was found that the evaluated polymorphisms are influencing the physical fitness. The Arg16 allele was found more frequently among the normal weight asthmatic group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p=0.02), and the Glu27 allele was more frequently found in the overweight asthmatics group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (p=0.03).
Conclusions
The association of Arg16 allele with the occurrence of asthma and of the Glu27 allele with overweight asthmatic adolescents evidenced the contribution of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene to the development of obesity and asthma.
{"title":"Beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene association with overweight and asthma in children and adolescents and its relationship with physical fitness","authors":"Neiva Leite, Leilane Lazarotto, Gerusa Eisfeld Milano, Ana Claudia Kapp Titski, Cássio Leandro Mühe Consentino, Fernanda de Mattos, Fabiana Antunes de Andrade, Lupe Furtado-Alle","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the association of <em>Arg16Gly</em> and <em>Gln27Glu</em> polymorphisms of β2-adrenergic receptor gene (<em>ADRB2</em>) with the occurrence of asthma and overweight and the gene's influence on anthropometric, clinic, biochemical and physical fitness variables in children and adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Subjects were evaluated for allelic frequencies of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI <em>Z</em>-score, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage, resting heart rate (HRres), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), Homeostasis Metabolic Assessment (HOMA2-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2max</sub>). The participants were divided in four groups: overweight asthmatic (<em>n</em>=39), overweight non-asthmatic (<em>n</em>=115), normal weight asthmatic (<em>n</em>=12), and normal weight non-asthmatic (<em>n</em>=40).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Regarding the <em>Gln27Glu</em> polymorphism, higher total cholesterol was observed in usual genotype individuals than in genetic variant carriers (<em>p</em>=0.04). No evidence was found that the evaluated polymorphisms are influencing the physical fitness. The <em>Arg16</em> allele was found more frequently among the normal weight asthmatic group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (<em>p</em>=0.02), and the <em>Glu27</em> allele was more frequently found in the overweight asthmatics group when compared to the normal weight non-asthmatic group (<em>p</em>=0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The association of <em>Arg16</em> allele with the occurrence of asthma and of the <em>Glu27</em> allele with overweight asthmatic adolescents evidenced the contribution of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene to the development of obesity and asthma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 381-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136556219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.015
Nelson Rosário Filho
{"title":"Early introduction of food to prevent food allergy. The LEAP study (Learning Early about Peanut)","authors":"Nelson Rosário Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 493-494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136827254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.003
Guillermo A. Ariza Traslaviña , Luiz Antonio Del Ciampo , Ivan Savioli Ferraz
Objective
To report a case of a preschool girl who developed acute urinary retention associated with constipation.
Case description
A girl aged six years old presented a 24 h history of inability to urinate. She was went twice to the emergency room during this period. In the first admission, 12 h after the onset of the symptoms, she presented abdominal pain and acute urinary retention. After the drainage by urinary catheterization of 300 mL of clear urine, she presented relief of the symptoms and, as urinalysis had no change, the patient was discharged home. Twelve hours after the first visit, she returned to the emergency room complaining about the same symptoms. At physical examination, there was only a palpable and distended bladder up to the umbilicus with no other abnormalities. Again, a urinary catheterization was performed, which drained 450 mL of clear urine, with immediate relief of the symptoms. Urinalysis and urine culture had no abnormalities. During the anamnesis, the diagnosis of constipation was considered and a plain abdominal radiography was performed, which identified large amount of feces throughout the colon (fecal retention). An enema with a 12% glycerin solution was prescribed for three days. During follow-up, the child used laxatives and dietary modifications, this contributed to the resolution of the constipation. There were no other episodes of urinary retention after 6 months of follow-up.
Comments
Acute urinary retention in children is a rare phenomenon and constipation should be considered as a cause.
{"title":"Acute urinary retention in a pre-school girl with constipation","authors":"Guillermo A. Ariza Traslaviña , Luiz Antonio Del Ciampo , Ivan Savioli Ferraz","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To report a case of a preschool girl who developed acute urinary retention associated with constipation.</p></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><p>A girl aged six years old presented a 24<!--> <!-->h history of inability to urinate. She was went twice to the emergency room during this period. In the first admission, 12<!--> <!-->h after the onset of the symptoms, she presented abdominal pain and acute urinary retention. After the drainage by urinary catheterization of 300<!--> <!-->mL of clear urine, she presented relief of the symptoms and, as urinalysis had no change, the patient was discharged home. Twelve hours after the first visit, she returned to the emergency room complaining about the same symptoms. At physical examination, there was only a palpable and distended bladder up to the umbilicus with no other abnormalities. Again, a urinary catheterization was performed, which drained 450<!--> <!-->mL of clear urine, with immediate relief of the symptoms. Urinalysis and urine culture had no abnormalities. During the anamnesis, the diagnosis of constipation was considered and a plain abdominal radiography was performed, which identified large amount of feces throughout the colon (fecal retention). An enema with a 12% glycerin solution was prescribed for three days. During follow-up, the child used laxatives and dietary modifications, this contributed to the resolution of the constipation. There were no other episodes of urinary retention after 6 months of follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Comments</h3><p>Acute urinary retention in children is a rare phenomenon and constipation should be considered as a cause.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 488-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136556220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.011
Anísio Luiz da Silva Brito , Carla Meneses Hardman , Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros
Objective
To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in adolescents.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of high school students from state public schools in Pernambuco, Brazil (n=4207, 14–19 years old). Data were obtained using a questionnaire. The co-occurrence of health risk behaviors was established based on the sum of five behavioral risk factors (low physical activity, sedentary behavior, low consumption of fruits/vegetables, alcohol consumption and tobacco use). The independent variables were gender, age group, time of day attending school, school size, maternal education, occupational status, skin color, geographic region and place of residence. Data were analyzed by ordinal logistic regression with proportional odds model.
Results
Approximately 10% of adolescents were not exposed to health risk behaviors, while 58.5% reported being exposed to at least two health risk behaviors simultaneously. There was a higher likelihood of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors among adolescents in the older age group, with intermediate maternal education (9–11 years of schooling), and who reported living in the driest (semi-arid) region of the state of Pernambuco. Adolescents who reported having a job and living in rural areas had a lower likelihood of co-occurrence of risk behaviors.
Conclusions
The findings suggest a high prevalence of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in this group of adolescents, with a higher chance in five subgroups (older age, intermediate maternal education, the ones that reported not working, those living in urban areas and in the driest region of the state).
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in adolescents","authors":"Anísio Luiz da Silva Brito , Carla Meneses Hardman , Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of high school students from state public schools in Pernambuco, Brazil (<em>n</em>=4207, 14–19 years old). Data were obtained using a questionnaire. The co-occurrence of health risk behaviors was established based on the sum of five behavioral risk factors (low physical activity, sedentary behavior, low consumption of fruits/vegetables, alcohol consumption and tobacco use). The independent variables were gender, age group, time of day attending school, school size, maternal education, occupational status, skin color, geographic region and place of residence. Data were analyzed by ordinal logistic regression with proportional odds model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Approximately 10% of adolescents were not exposed to health risk behaviors, while 58.5% reported being exposed to at least two health risk behaviors simultaneously. There was a higher likelihood of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors among adolescents in the older age group, with intermediate maternal education (9–11 years of schooling), and who reported living in the driest (semi-arid) region of the state of Pernambuco. Adolescents who reported having a job and living in rural areas had a lower likelihood of co-occurrence of risk behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest a high prevalence of co-occurrence of health risk behaviors in this group of adolescents, with a higher chance in five subgroups (older age, intermediate maternal education, the ones that reported not working, those living in urban areas and in the driest region of the state).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 423-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136556218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.014
Joana Marcela Sales de Lucena , Luanna Alexandra Cheng , Thaísa Leite Mafaldo Cavalcante , Vanessa Araújo da Silva , José Cazuza de Farias Júnior
Objective
To determine the prevalence of excessive screen time and to analyze associated factors among adolescents.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional school-based epidemiological study with 2874 high school adolescents with age 14–19 years (57.8% female) from public and private schools in the city of João Pessoa, PB, Northeast Brazil. Excessive screen time was defined as watching television and playing video games or using the computer for more than 2 h/day. The associated factors analyzed were: sociodemographic (gender, age, economic class, and skin color), physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents.
Results
The prevalence of excessive screen time was 79.5% (95%CI 78.1–81.1) and it was higher in males (84.3%) compared to females (76.1%; p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, adolescent males, those aged 14-15 year old and the highest economic class had higher chances of exposure to excessive screen time. The level of physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents were not associated with excessive screen time.
Conclusions
The prevalence of excessive screen time was high and varied according to sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents. It is necessary to develop interventions to reduce the excessive screen time among adolescents, particularly in subgroups with higher exposure.
{"title":"Prevalence of excessive screen time and associated factors in adolescents","authors":"Joana Marcela Sales de Lucena , Luanna Alexandra Cheng , Thaísa Leite Mafaldo Cavalcante , Vanessa Araújo da Silva , José Cazuza de Farias Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the prevalence of excessive screen time and to analyze associated factors among adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a cross-sectional school-based epidemiological study with 2874 high school adolescents with age 14–19 years (57.8% female) from public and private schools in the city of João Pessoa, PB, Northeast Brazil. Excessive screen time was defined as watching television and playing video games or using the computer for more than 2<!--> <!-->h/day. The associated factors analyzed were: sociodemographic (gender, age, economic class, and skin color), physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of excessive screen time was 79.5% (95%CI 78.1–81.1) and it was higher in males (84.3%) compared to females (76.1%; <em>p</em><0.001). In multivariate analysis, adolescent males, those aged 14-15 year old and the highest economic class had higher chances of exposure to excessive screen time. The level of physical activity and nutritional status of adolescents were not associated with excessive screen time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The prevalence of excessive screen time was high and varied according to sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents. It is necessary to develop interventions to reduce the excessive screen time among adolescents, particularly in subgroups with higher exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 407-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91636748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01Epub Date: 2015-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.017
Pedro Luiz Spinelli Coelho , Gustavo Lacerda da Silva Calestini , Fernando Salgueiro Alvo , Jefferson Michel de Moura Freitas , Paula Marcela Vilela Castro , Tulio Konstantyner
Objective
To identify and quantify the adverse effects associated with the recombinant human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) vaccine in adolescents.
Data source
Systematic review of randomized clinical trials from PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs databases. Articles investigating the safety of the vaccine in subjects under 18 years and comparing the recombinant human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18 vaccine with a control group were included. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of pain, erythema, swelling and fever, using clinical trials with maximum Jadad score.
Data synthesis
Fourteen studies were included. The most common adverse effects related to the human papillomavirus vaccine were effects with no severity (pain, erythema, edema, and fever). Five studies were used for the meta-analyses: pain–risk difference (RD)=11% (p<0.001); edema–RD=8% (p<0.001); erythema–RD=5% (p<0.001); fever–RD=2% (p<0.003).
Conclusions
The recombinant human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18 vaccine was safe and well tolerated. The main adverse effects related to vaccination were pain, erythema, edema and fever. The low frequency of severe adverse effects encourages the administration of the vaccine in the population at risk.
{"title":"Safety of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16 and 18 (recombinant): systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Pedro Luiz Spinelli Coelho , Gustavo Lacerda da Silva Calestini , Fernando Salgueiro Alvo , Jefferson Michel de Moura Freitas , Paula Marcela Vilela Castro , Tulio Konstantyner","doi":"10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To identify and quantify the adverse effects associated with the recombinant human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) vaccine in adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Data source</h3><p>Systematic review of randomized clinical trials from PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs databases. Articles investigating the safety of the vaccine in subjects under 18 years and comparing the recombinant human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18 vaccine with a control group were included. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of pain, erythema, swelling and fever, using clinical trials with maximum Jadad score.</p></div><div><h3>Data synthesis</h3><p>Fourteen studies were included. The most common adverse effects related to the human papillomavirus vaccine were effects with no severity (pain, erythema, edema, and fever). Five studies were used for the meta-analyses: pain–risk difference (RD)=11% (<em>p</em><0.001); edema–RD=8% (<em>p</em><0.001); erythema–RD=5% (<em>p</em><0.001); fever–RD=2% (<em>p</em><0.003).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The recombinant human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18 vaccine was safe and well tolerated. The main adverse effects related to vaccination were pain, erythema, edema and fever. The low frequency of severe adverse effects encourages the administration of the vaccine in the population at risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101120,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition)","volume":"33 4","pages":"Pages 474-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.rppede.2015.08.017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91636756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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