Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action最新文献_第4页

Optimization of liquid smoke production from coconut shell waste via slow pyrolysis in a fixed-bed reactor using FCCD-RSM FCCD-RSM固定床反应器慢速热解椰壳废渣产烟研究

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100182

Sinar Perbawani Abrina Anggraini , Mahfud Mahfud , Sri Rachmania Juliastuti , Suprapto Suprapto , Noor Akhmazillah Binti Mohd Fauzi , Natarianto Indrawan , Ruslan Ruslan , Bambang Sardi

Coconut shell waste poses a danger to the environment and public health. With its antimicrobial properties, pyrolysis converts organic waste into bio-oil in an electrically heated reactor. This research aims to identify the chemicals in pyrolytic coconut shell oil and optimizes the process using RSM FCCD. The pyrolysis experiment was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor heated electrically to produce pyrolytic coconut shell liquid smoke or oil. The main process parameters, such as time (5–30 min), temperature (210–410℃), and variations in coconut shell size (1–3 mm), were optimized to achieve optimal liquid smoke yield. The main features of the produced liquid smoke were investigated. The findings indicated that the yield of liquid smoke decreased with the reduction in material size and increased with the increase in time and temperature. The optimum result was found to be 46% with temperature 400℃, material size 2 mm, and heating time 30 min, indicating that the model was reliable and reproducible. FCCD-type RSM successfully predicted the interface and the importance of pyrolysis factors. Seven different chemical components were found in the liquid smoke made, including phenol, dimethoxy phenol, guaiacol, hydroxyanisole, and methoxyphenol. The outcomes of the present study could promote sustainable production method of liquid smoke while reducing carbon foot print in the food and agriculture industry.

椰子壳废弃物对环境和公众健康构成威胁。凭借其抗菌特性，热解在电加热反应器中将有机废物转化为生物油。本研究旨在鉴定热解椰壳油中的化学成分，并利用RSM - FCCD优化工艺。在电加热的固定床反应器中进行热解实验，生成热解椰壳液体烟或油。对时间（5 ~ 30 min）、温度（210 ~ 410℃）、椰壳尺寸（1 ~ 3 mm）等主要工艺参数进行了优化，以获得最佳液烟产率。对所产生的液烟的主要特征进行了研究。结果表明，液烟产率随物料粒径的减小而减小，随时间和温度的升高而增大。在温度400℃、物料粒度2 mm、加热时间30 min的条件下，最佳回收率为46%，表明该模型可靠，重现性好。fccd型RSM成功地预测了界面和热解因素的重要性。在制造的液体烟雾中发现了七种不同的化学成分，包括苯酚、二甲氧基酚、愈创木酚、羟基异酚和甲氧基酚。本研究结果可以促进液体烟的可持续生产方式，同时减少食品和农业行业的碳足迹。

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引用次数: 0

Iron-copper bimetallic nanoparticles dispersed within alginate-derived porous carbon: One-pot fabrication, characterization, and efficient peroxydisulfate activation for acid red 73 degradation 分散在海藻酸衍生多孔碳中的铁铜双金属纳米颗粒：一锅制备、表征和高效过硫酸氢活化对酸性红73的降解

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100179

Khang Dinh Vo , Kha Minh Le , Tram Bich Nguyen , Hung Minh Nguyen , Tuyet-Mai Tran-Thuy , Long Quang Nguyen , Dung Van Nguyen

In recent years, the facile fabrication of metal–carbon nanocomposites has attracted significant attention due to their versatile and promising applications. Herein, iron-copper bimetallic nanoparticles dispersed within alginate-derived porous carbon (nFeCu/APC) were synthesized via one-pot pyrolysis using sodium alginate (NaA), Fe(NO₃)₃, and Cu(NO₃)₂ as precursors. The resulting material featured metallic Fe (12.0 wt%) and Cu (16.0 wt%) nanoparticles with an average diameter of 17 ± 3 nm, embedded within the alginate-derived porous carbon (APC) framework. Moreover, nFeCu/APC exhibited a total pore volume (V_total) of 0.247 cm³/g and a specific surface area (S_BET) of 163 m²/g, likely attributable to the self-activation and self-templating of NaA during one-pot pyrolysis. The presence of Fe endowed the nanocomposite with magnetic properties (saturation magnetization of 15.3 emu/g), enabling convenient post-use recovery. Accordingly, nFeCu/APC was evaluated for activating peroxydisulfate (PDS) in the degradation of acid red 73 (AR73). Under a neutral condition (pH 7.0), 5.00 mM PDS activated by 0.100 g/L nFeCu/APC eliminated 97.5 ± 0.3 % AR73 (25 ppm) within 90 min at 30 °C. Kinetic analysis confirmed that the degradation fitted the pseudo-first-order model with an activation energy of 76.6 kJ/mol. Summing up, the nFeCu/APC nanocomposite demonstrated multifunctionality and strong potential in peroxydisulfate-driven advanced oxidation processes for efficient AR73 degradation.

近年来，金属-碳纳米复合材料因其广泛的应用前景而引起了人们的广泛关注。本文以海藻酸钠（NaA）、Fe(NO3)3和Cu(NO3)2为前驱体，采用一锅热解法合成了分散在海藻酸衍生多孔碳（nFeCu/APC）内的铁铜双金属纳米颗粒。所得到的材料具有金属铁（12.0 wt%）和铜（16.0 wt%）纳米颗粒，平均直径为17±3 nm，嵌入在海藻酸衍生的多孔碳（APC）框架中。此外，nFeCu/APC的总孔隙体积（Vtotal）为0.247 cm3/g，比表面积（SBET）为163 m2/g，这可能是由于NaA在一锅热解过程中的自活化和自模板作用所致。铁的存在使纳米复合材料具有磁性（饱和磁化强度为15.3 emu/g），便于使用后回收。因此，评价了nFeCu/APC在酸性红73 （AR73）降解过程中活化过硫酸氢盐（PDS）的作用。在中性条件下（pH 7.0）， 5.00 mM PDS被0.100 g/L的nFeCu/APC激活，在30℃下90分钟内消除97.5±0.3%的AR73 （25 ppm）。动力学分析证实，降解符合准一阶模型，活化能为76.6 kJ/mol。综上所述，nfeu /APC纳米复合材料在过氧二硫酸盐驱动的高级氧化工艺中具有多功能性和强大的潜力，可以有效降解AR73。

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引用次数: 0

Bio-hybrid magnetic MA-Fe3O4@E.coli nanocomposite for efficient tetracycline adsorption: Synthesis, mechanistic insights, and reusability 高效四环素吸附的生物杂化磁性MA-Fe3O4@E.coli纳米复合材料：合成，机理见解和可重用性

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100180

Handoko Darmokoesoemo , Yantus A.B. Neolaka , Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum , Yosep Lawa , Eka B.S. Kalla , Arsel A.P. Riwu Magdarita Riwu , Febri Odel Nitbani , Efrisca M.Br. Damanik , Andrew Nosakhare Amenaghawon , Heri Septya Kusuma

The persistence of tetracycline in aquatic systems poses a serious environmental and health concern, necessitating efficient and sustainable removal technologies. This study developed a bio-hybrid magnetic nanocomposite (MA-Fe₃O₄@E.coli), synthesized by immobilizing Escherichia coli biomass onto Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles derived from Sargassum filipendula. FTIR, XRD, and FESEM-EDX analyses confirmed the successful integration of magnetic and biological components. FTIR showed Fe-O vibrations (∼580 cm^-1) and intensified C=O and amide bands, verifying microbial immobilization; XRD displayed characteristic Fe₃O₄ peaks with minor broadening, indicating structural integrity with slight lattice strain; and FESEM-EDX revealed uniform bacterial attachment forming a stable biofilm at 300 ppm E. coli, the optimal loading for adsorption performance. Batch adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R² = 1.000) and the Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.997) with a maximum adsorption capacity (q_m) of 2.51 mg g^-1, indicating monolayer chemisorption as the primary mechanism, supported by secondary physisorption through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed a spontaneous (ΔG° < 0) and mildly endothermic (ΔH° = +7.76 ± 3.43 kJ mol^-1) process. The adsorbent achieved 87.7 % desorption efficiency using methanol-water and retained 59 % capacity after five cycles, highlighting excellent reusability. Compared to chitosan-Fe₃O₄ composites, MA-Fe₃O₄@E.coli offers a low-cost, environmentally benign alternative for antibiotic removal and magnetic recovery in wastewater treatment applications.

四环素在水生系统中的持续存在造成了严重的环境和健康问题，需要有效和可持续的清除技术。本研究开发了一种生物杂交磁性纳米复合材料（MA-Fe3O4@E.coli），通过将大肠杆菌生物质固定在源自马尾藻的Fe3O4纳米颗粒上合成。FTIR， XRD和FESEM-EDX分析证实了磁性和生物成分的成功整合。FTIR显示Fe-O振动（~ 580 cm-1）和强化的C=O和酰胺带，证实微生物固定化；XRD显示Fe3O4的特征峰有轻微的展宽，表明结构完整，晶格应变较小；FESEM-EDX检测结果显示，在大肠杆菌浓度为300 ppm时，细菌附着均匀，形成稳定的生物膜。间歇吸附遵循准二级动力学（R2 = 1.000）和Langmuir等温线（R2 = 0.997），最大吸附量（qm）为2.51 mg g-1，表明吸附机理主要为单层化学吸附，并通过氢键和静电相互作用进行二次物理吸附。热力学分析证实了自发（ΔG°< 0）和轻度吸热（ΔH°= +7.76±3.43 kJ mol-1）过程。该吸附剂在甲醇-水的解吸效率为87.7%，经过5次循环后仍保持59%的吸附剂容量，具有良好的可重复使用性。与壳聚糖- fe3o4复合材料相比，MA-Fe3O4@E.coli为废水处理应用中的抗生素去除和磁回收提供了低成本，环保的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial and species-specific variation in the nutritional value and therapeutic qualities of a fern genus Diplazium in the Indian subcontinent 印度次大陆蕨类植物Diplazium的营养价值和治疗品质的空间和物种特异性差异

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100177

Babita Kumari, Suman Patra, Rachna, Jyoti Jangid, Sandip Kumar Behera

Diplazium, a widely distributed genus, has been used for edible and medicinal purposes since ancient times. The present study meta-analysed the spatial and species-specific variation in the nutritional value in terms of macro- or micronutrients, the scavenging capability against active radicals, phenolic content and antimicrobial activity of its species, collected from different regions of India based on the available published literatures. Although this genus has been extensively referenced in the literature, this study included only those research articles that provided quantitative and qualitative information about the phytochemical constituents of different edible Diplazium species from Indian regions. A Literature survey clearly indicated that the detailed information about the Diplazium species other than D. esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is limited, despite of the fact that sometimes, the nutritional value of those species has been reported higher than D. esculentum. Concurrently, the maximum information on Diplazium was available from the eastern Himalayas and least from southern India. Diplazium could be a good source of macronutrient along with minerals, Vitamin C and flavonoids. The presence of adequate phenolic content could be directly correlated with its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Simultaneously, the nutritional components in Diplazium species in terms of protein, minerals and Vitamin C were also reported to be higher than several other local herbaceous leafy vegetables. Thus, there is a need to enhance its commercialization, so, it can be a part of the healthy diet of the mass population beyond the local communities, not only in India but also worldwide.

龙葵是一种分布广泛的属，自古以来就被用于食用和药用。本研究基于现有已发表的文献，从宏观或微量营养素、对活性自由基的清除能力、酚含量和抗菌活性等方面对其营养价值的空间和物种特异性差异进行了meta分析。虽然该属在文献中被广泛引用，但本研究仅纳入了那些提供了印度地区不同食用双铂属植物化学成分定量和定性信息的研究文章。文献调查清楚地表明，除D. esculentum (Retz。西南。的营养价值是有限的，尽管有时，这些物种的营养价值被报道高于D. esculentum。与此同时，喜马拉雅东部提供的关于双广场病的资料最多，印度南部提供的资料最少。双氮可能是常量营养素的良好来源，还有矿物质、维生素C和类黄酮。酚类物质的含量与其抗氧化和抗菌性能直接相关。同时，据报道，在蛋白质、矿物质和维生素C方面，双叶菜的营养成分也高于其他几种本地草本叶菜。因此，有必要加强其商业化，因此，它可以成为当地社区以外的大众健康饮食的一部分，不仅在印度，而且在全世界。

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引用次数: 0

Material selection of sustainable composites by the valorisation of plastics and agro wastes: An integrated q-rung orthopair fuzzy-based multiple criteria decision making model 可持续复合材料的材料选择通过塑料和农业废物的价值：一个集成的q-rung基于模糊的多准则决策模型

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100178

Ashish Soni , Sonu Kumar Gupta , Dai-Viet N. Vo , Natarajan Rajamohan , Mohammad Yusuf

The concern for plastic wastes and high usages for building construction materials has promoted the nation towards eco-friendly composite materials for structural components. Anappropriate choice of material improves the functionality and life cycle of a product . The research seeks to promote sustainable practices in building construction for the attainment of the circular economy. This investigation anticipated a fuzzy number-based integrated Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA)-Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) mathematical model for material selection of eco-friendly composites. In the present work, eight (08) different composites are developed by recycling of waste plastics namely low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate with the reinforcement of natural fibres of coconut and jute. The alternatives are ranked by considering seven (07) criteria for structural application such as floor tiles, pavements, panels, etc. The compressive is identified as the most significant while hardness is least preferable criteria for composite having structural applications. The proposed model has identified the alternatives A6 and A1 as the most and least preferable alternatives, respectively. The research has recommended the incorporation of 20 wt.% of jute fibre with 80 wt.% of polypropylene in composites for structural applications. The comparative analysis of rankings against the other well-known techniques has verified the trustworthiness of the model. The high ranges of 0.76–-0.928 for Spearman’s rank correlations coefficient (

r_{s})

has verified the robustness of the ranking results. The sensitivity analyses have shown the influence of criteria weight on rankings. The suggested mathematical approach can efficiently rank the composites and address the challenges associated in the material selection of polymeric composites in unpredictable environments.

对塑料垃圾的关注和建筑材料的高使用率推动了国家向环保复合材料的结构部件发展。适当的材料选择可以提高产品的功能和生命周期。该研究旨在促进建筑施工的可持续实践，以实现循环经济。本研究提出了一种基于模糊数的综合权重评估比分析(SWARA)-复合比例评估（COPRAS）数学模型，用于环保复合材料的材料选择。在目前的工作中，通过回收废塑料开发了八种不同的复合材料，即低密度聚乙烯，高密度聚乙烯，聚丙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，并以椰子和黄麻的天然纤维为增强材料。根据结构应用的7个标准，如地砖、路面、面板等，对备选方案进行排名。压缩被认为是最重要的，而硬度是最不可取的复合材料具有结构应用的标准。所建议的模型分别将备选方案A6和A1确定为最可取和最不可取的备选方案。该研究建议在结构应用的复合材料中掺入20%的黄麻纤维和80%的聚丙烯纤维。将排名与其他知名技术进行比较分析，验证了该模型的可靠性。Spearman等级相关系数（rs）在0.76—0.928的高范围内，验证了排名结果的稳健性。敏感性分析显示了标准权重对排名的影响。所提出的数学方法可以有效地对复合材料进行排序，并解决在不可预测的环境中聚合物复合材料选择相关的挑战。

{"title":"Material selection of sustainable composites by the valorisation of plastics and agro wastes: An integrated q-rung orthopair fuzzy-based multiple criteria decision making model","authors":"Ashish Soni , Sonu Kumar Gupta , Dai-Viet N. Vo , Natarajan Rajamohan , Mohammad Yusuf","doi":"10.1016/j.scca.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scca.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concern for plastic wastes and high usages for building construction materials has promoted the nation towards eco-friendly composite materials for structural components. Anappropriate choice of material improves the functionality and life cycle of a product . The research seeks to promote sustainable practices in building construction for the attainment of the circular economy. This investigation anticipated a fuzzy number-based integrated Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA)-Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) mathematical model for material selection of eco-friendly composites. In the present work, eight (08) different composites are developed by recycling of waste plastics namely low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate with the reinforcement of natural fibres of coconut and jute. The alternatives are ranked by considering seven (07) criteria for structural application such as floor tiles, pavements, panels, etc. The compressive is identified as the most significant while hardness is least preferable criteria for composite having structural applications. The proposed model has identified the alternatives A6 and A1 as the most and least preferable alternatives, respectively. The research has recommended the incorporation of 20 wt.% of jute fibre with 80 wt.% of polypropylene in composites for structural applications. The comparative analysis of rankings against the other well-known techniques has verified the trustworthiness of the model. The high ranges of 0.76–-0.928 for Spearman’s rank correlations coefficient (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> has verified the robustness of the ranking results. The sensitivity analyses have shown the influence of criteria weight on rankings. The suggested mathematical approach can efficiently rank the composites and address the challenges associated in the material selection of polymeric composites in unpredictable environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101195,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable marine-based corrosion inhibitor from Padina sp. for climate-conscious protection of A36 carbon steel in acidic environments 可持续的海洋缓蚀剂从帕迪纳公司为A36碳钢在酸性环境中的气候意识保护

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100174

Andoko Andoko , Riduwan Prasetya , Abdul M. Sulaiman , Afifah Harmayanti , Poppy Puspitasari , Yahya Zakaria , Galuh Zuhria Kautzar , Mohammad Sukri Mustapa , Femiana Gapsari

The rising demand for environmentally sustainable industrial practice calls for green alternatives to conventional corrosion inhibitors in acidic media. This work presents a novel application of Padina sp. extract (PE), a brown macroalga rarely examined for metallic corrosion control, as a biodegradable inhibitor for A36 carbon steel in 1 M HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization and EIS, supported by SEM and FTIR, were coupled with DFT and Monte Carlo simulations to quantify performance and clarify mechanisms. PE achieved a maximum inhibition efficiency of 93.4% at 5000 ppm, attributed to formation of a stable, adherent protective film; this dosage represented the best compromise between surface coverage and molecular dispersion, whereas higher loading promoted aggregation and partial film destabilization. Adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm, indicating uniform monolayer coverage, and thermodynamic analysis yielded ∆Gads ≈ –18.9 kJ/mol, confirming spontaneous, predominantly physisorptive adsorption with minor chemisorption suggested by FTIR band shifts. Molecular simulations showed that key constituents (e.g., undecanal) possess strong electron-donating ability and adopt favorable planar orientations on Fe (110), consistent with mixed-type inhibition observed experimentally. Frontier orbital descriptors and adsorption energies further corroborated robust inhibitor–surface interactions. Overall, introducing Padina sp., an abundant yet underutilized marine biomass, provides an effective green inhibitor and demonstrates how quantum-chemical insights can guide low-toxicity corrosion-control design, while keeping the manuscript’s primary contribution focused on inhibition performance and molecular interactions.

对环境可持续工业实践的需求不断增长，要求在酸性介质中使用绿色替代品来替代传统的缓蚀剂。本工作提出了一种新的应用Padina sp.提取物（PE），一种很少用于金属腐蚀控制的棕色大藻，作为A36碳钢在1 M HCl中的可生物降解抑制剂。在SEM和FTIR的支持下，将动电位极化和EIS与DFT和蒙特卡罗模拟相结合，以量化性能并阐明机理。在5000 ppm时，PE的最大缓蚀效率为93.4%，这是由于PE形成了稳定的、粘附的保护膜；这个剂量代表了表面覆盖和分子分散之间的最佳折衷，而更高的负载促进了聚集和部分膜的不稳定。吸附遵循Langmuir等温线，表明均匀的单层覆盖，热力学分析得到∆Gads≈-18.9 kJ/mol，证实了自发的，主要是物理吸附，FTIR波段偏移表明有少量化学吸附。分子模拟表明，关键成分（如十一烷醛）具有较强的给电子能力，并在Fe（110）上具有良好的平面取向，与实验观察到的混合型抑制作用一致。前沿轨道描述符和吸附能进一步证实了抑制剂-表面的强大相互作用。总体而言，引入丰富但未充分利用的海洋生物质Padina sp.提供了一种有效的绿色抑制剂，并展示了量子化学见解如何指导低毒腐蚀控制设计，同时保持手稿的主要贡献集中在抑制性能和分子相互作用上。

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引用次数: 0

Co-generation of hydrogen and ammonia from waste tires valorization through chemical looping approach 用化学循环法从废轮胎气化中热电联产氢和氨

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100175

Ali A. Al-Qadri , Usama Ahmed , Abdul Gani Abdul Jameel , Haris Ishaq , Umer Zahid

The burgeoning global demand for clean fuels and chemicals presents a formidable challenge, necessitating the development of innovative solutions that can harness waste streams as feedstocks. This comprehensive techno-economic analysis investigates the feasibility of simultaneously generating hydrogen and ammonia from waste tires through the integration of advanced process technologies, offering a compelling pathway to address both energy needs and waste management in a synergistic manner. Three distinct process integration cases were rigorously evaluated: Design 1 leveraged a chemical looping approach to generate the required nitrogen for conventional ammonia generation via the Haber-Bosch process while producing hydrogen from gasification of waste tires; Design 2 seamlessly integrated gasification of tires with steam methane reforming to exploit thermal synergies; and Design 3 pioneered a novel chemical looping for ammonia generation (CLAG) process, which circumvented the energy-intensive air separation and high-pressure Haber-Bosch operations. The results unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of the CLAG-based approach, with Design 3 achieving the lowest levelized cost of ammonia generation at a remarkable $0.41/kg. Design 3 also exisbited the highest cold gas efficiency of 97% and an impressive process efficiency of 63.4%, far exceeding the performance of the other configurations. In contrast, the standalone Haber-Bosch-driven Design 1 exhibited a substantially higher ammonia cost of $0.49/kg, a low cold gas efficiency of 79%, and a process efficiency of only 35%. Overall, the study demonstrates that the Chemical Looping Ammonia Generation (CLAG) configuration (Design 3) is the most efficient and economically competitive route. Design 3 reduces the levelized cost of ammonia to $0.41/kg—representing a 37–43% reduction compared to Designs 1 and 2—while achieving the highest overall process efficiency (63.4%) and cold gas efficiency (97.1%). These results establish CLAG as a superior pathway for waste-tire valorization and a viable alternative to conventional Haber–Bosch–based ammonia production.

全球对清洁燃料和化学品的需求不断增长，这是一个巨大的挑战，需要开发创新的解决方案，利用废物流作为原料。这项全面的技术经济分析研究了通过整合先进的工艺技术，从废轮胎中同时产生氢和氨的可行性，为以协同方式解决能源需求和废物管理提供了一条引人注目的途径。三个不同的工艺集成案例进行了严格的评估：设计1利用化学循环方法，通过Haber-Bosch工艺产生常规氨生成所需的氮，同时从废轮胎气化产生氢气；设计2将轮胎气化与蒸汽甲烷重整无缝结合，发挥热协同效应；设计3开创了一种新的氨生成化学循环（CLAG）过程，它绕过了能源密集型空气分离和高压Haber-Bosch操作。结果明确地证明了基于clag的方法的优越性，设计3实现了最低的氨生成成本，为0.41美元/公斤。设计3还具有最高的97%的冷气效率和令人印象深刻的63.4%的工艺效率，远远超过其他配置的性能。相比之下，独立的haber - bosch驱动的Design 1的氨成本要高得多，为0.49美元/千克，冷气效率低至79%，工艺效率仅为35%。总体而言，研究表明化学环氨生成（CLAG）配置（设计3）是最有效和最具经济竞争力的路线。设计3将氨的平均成本降低到0.41美元/公斤，与设计1和设计2相比，降低了37-43%，同时实现了最高的整体工艺效率（63.4%）和冷气效率（97.1%）。这些结果确立了CLAG作为废轮胎增值的优越途径和传统的haber - bosch制氨的可行替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated biorefinery approaches for the sustainable valorization of agricultural residues into biofuels, bioplastics, and bioactive compounds 综合生物精炼方法为农业残留物的生物燃料，生物塑料和生物活性化合物的可持续增值

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100173

S. Gautam , B. Bora , D. Dutta , A.D. Tripathi , J. Srivastava , H.N. Thatoi , S.K. Srivastava , S.M. Khade , S.R. Geed

More than 5.5 billion tons of agricultural waste are generated every year globally, presenting major environmental issues and offering enormous potential as renewable bioresources. This review discusses an integrated assessment of various biorefinery-based strategies for the sustainable valorization of agricultural waste into biofuels, bioplastics and bioactive compounds. The discussion covers thermochemical, biochemical and hybrid biotechnological pathways, including fermentation, Solid- State Fermentation, pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction with special emphasis on system-level optimization for resource efficiency. Microbial and enzymatic valorization by Bacillus licheniformis and Aspergillus niger showed 1321 ± 13 U/mL protease and 9.6 ± 0.76 IU/gds cellulase, respectively, thereby justifying the feasibility of enzyme-driven conversions. Thermochemical processes resulted in a yield of up to 20.6 wt% bio-oil with a heating value of 17.23 MJ/Nm³, whereas the products obtained through integrated fermentation processes are 0.703 g/g ethanol from sugar beet pomace and 18.9 ± 0.3 g/L ethanol from spent coffee grounds. Next-generation nanobiocatalytic and hybrid thermo-biochemical systems enhanced conversion efficiency by 25–30 %, enabling the realization of scalable circular biorefineries. Techno-economic assessments and life cycle analyses indicate that greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by up to 90 percent compared to conventional fossil-based alternatives. Review highlights the urgent need for the development of integrated multi-product biorefinery systems to facilitate the transition from agricultural waste to high-value bioproducts, aligning with the principles of a circular bioeconomy.

全球每年产生的农业废弃物超过55亿吨，带来了重大的环境问题，但作为可再生生物资源具有巨大潜力。这篇综述讨论了各种基于生物炼制的农业废弃物可持续增值为生物燃料、生物塑料和生物活性化合物的综合评估。讨论涵盖热化学，生物化学和混合生物技术途径，包括发酵，固体发酵，热解和水热液化，特别强调系统级优化资源效率。地衣芽孢杆菌和黑曲霉的微生物和酶促转化分别显示1321±13 U/mL蛋白酶和9.6±0.76 IU/gds纤维素酶，从而证明酶驱动转化的可行性。热化学工艺的生物油产率高达20.6 wt%，热值为17.23 MJ/Nm³，而通过综合发酵工艺获得的产品从甜菜渣中获得0.703 g/g乙醇，从废咖啡渣中获得18.9±0.3 g/L乙醇。下一代纳米生物催化和混合热生化系统将转化效率提高了25 - 30%，实现了可扩展的循环生物炼制。技术经济评估和生命周期分析表明，与传统的化石燃料替代品相比，温室气体排放可减少高达90%。审查强调迫切需要开发综合多产品生物炼制系统，以促进从农业废物到高价值生物产品的过渡，符合循环生物经济的原则。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial and Temporal trends of future meteorological variables for 21st century over India: Approach with CMIP6 climatic models 21世纪印度未来气象变量的时空趋势：基于CMIP6气候模式的方法

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100170

Anusha C Rajesh, Ashitha Mariya Shaji, Adhithya P B, Haripriya H, Rema K P, Kanthavel P

Climate change causes meteorological variables to become more erratic and severe, especially in regions like India, which face high climate change risk and are particularly vulnerable to these changes. In this study, changes in future meteorological variables (precipitation, max and min temperature) simulated from CMIP6 climatic models under four shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370 and SSP585) were evaluated. Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) test and Sen’s slope test was used to study trend pattern for the entire India for four different climatic seasons (Monsoon, Autumn, Winter and Summer). The study found that, precipitation and temperature projected increasing trend for all the SSPs for the 21^st century. Particularly, SSP 585 projected relatively more increase than the other scenarios. SSP 585 scenario showed relatively high increase in monsoon rainfall (0.0413 mm per monsoon season) as well as variability in the pattern of rainfall (C.V. = 27 %). Projected Monsoon and Autumn seasons witnessed more rainfall. In region specific analysis, Western region of India showed relative decrease in rainfall than rest of the nation while observing spatial variability. Over all, remarkable variation of meteorological variable trend between different regions as well as seasons was witnessed over the considered timespan. Findings of this study would prove helpful to adapt region and season specific climate change adaptation strategies for the country.

气候变化导致气象变量变得更加不稳定和严重，特别是在印度等地区，这些地区面临着高气候变化风险，特别容易受到这些变化的影响。本文对CMIP6气候模式在SSP126、SSP245、SSP370和SSP585 4种共享社会经济路径情景下的未来气象变量（降水、最高气温和最低气温）变化进行了评估。采用修正Mann-Kendall （MMK）检验和Sen’s slope检验研究了整个印度四个不同气候季节（季风、秋、冬、夏）的趋势模式。研究发现，降水和温度预测了21世纪所有ssp的增加趋势。特别是，ssp585预测的增长相对于其他情景更大。SSP 585情景显示季风降雨相对较高的增加（每个季风季节0.0413毫米）以及降雨模式的变化（C.V. = 27%）。预计季风和秋季将有更多降雨。在区域具体分析中，在观察空间变异性时，印度西部地区的降雨量比全国其他地区相对减少。总体而言，在考虑的时间跨度内，不同地区和季节之间的气象变量趋势变化显著。本研究的结果将有助于为该国调整特定区域和季节的气候变化适应战略。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal performance and flue gas emission analysis of biomass combustion chamber for small-scale brick production 小型制砖生物质燃烧室热工性能及烟气排放分析

IF 5.4

Sustainable Chemistry for Climate Action

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scca.2025.100169

Iqbal , Erdiwansyah , Muhammad Faisal , Mahyuddin , Muhtadin , Mohd Fairusham Ghazali , Rizalman Mamat

The brick manufacturing industry is one of the most energy-intensive sectors and a significant contributor to air pollution, primarily due to its reliance on coal and diesel fuels. This study examines the thermal performance and flue gas emissions of a biomass combustion chamber, specifically designed for small-scale brick production, to address this environmental challenge. The objective is to evaluate combustion efficiency, heat distribution, and pollutant emissions while comparing the system's performance with conventional coal-based systems. The combustion chamber was experimentally tested using real-time data acquisition systems to monitor temperature profiles, heat flux, and emissions of CO, CO₂, NOₓ, SO₂, and particulate matter (PM₂.₅). Results showed that the chamber achieved a peak temperature of 1140 °C, a maximum heat transfer coefficient of 270 W/m²·K, and a heat flux of 320 kW/m². The optimal combustion efficiency reached 97 % at an air-fuel ratio (λ) of 1.8 with biomass moisture content below 10 %. Emission measurements revealed significantly lower values compared to conventional systems, with CO at 85 mg/m³, NOₓ at 45 mg/m³, SO₂ at 8 mg/m³, and PM₂.₅ at 25 mg/m³. These findings demonstrate the system’s compliance with international environmental standards. The novelty of this work lies in its integrated design approach, tailored for small-scale brick kilns, which combines optimised geometry, air staging, and thermal analysis. In conclusion, the study confirms that biomass-based combustion chambers offer a technically viable and environmentally sustainable alternative to fossil-fueled systems in the brick manufacturing sector.

砖制造业是能源密集程度最高的行业之一，也是造成空气污染的重要因素之一，主要原因是它依赖煤炭和柴油燃料。本研究考察了专门为小规模砖生产设计的生物质燃烧室的热性能和烟气排放，以应对这一环境挑战。目的是评估燃烧效率、热量分布和污染物排放，同时将该系统的性能与传统的煤基系统进行比较。使用实时数据采集系统对燃烧室进行了实验测试，以监测温度分布、热流密度以及CO、CO₂、NOₓ、SO₂和颗粒物（PM₂.₅）的排放。结果表明，实验室内的峰值温度为1140℃，最大换热系数为270 W/m²·K，热流密度为320 kW/m²。当空气燃料比（λ）为1.8，生物质含水率低于10%时，燃烧效率达到97%。排放测量结果显示，与传统系统相比，CO为85 mg/m³，NOₓ为45 mg/m³，SO₂为8 mg/m³，PM₂显著降低。5在25mg /m³下运行。这些调查结果表明，该系统符合国际环境标准。这项工作的新颖之处在于它的综合设计方法，为小型砖窑量身定制，结合了优化的几何形状，空气分级和热分析。总之，该研究证实，生物质燃烧室在砖制造领域为化石燃料系统提供了技术上可行且环境可持续的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0