Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20200226-00106
Weiqing Wang, Z. Shan, Guang Wang, W. Gu, Yifei Zhang, Jieli Lu, Ling-Zi Hu, Jinsong Kuang, Dong Zhao, Yin Dong
Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred in China. Higher risk of COVID-19 infection and worse prognosis were observed among patients with diabetes. There are rigorous challenges existing in terms of diabetes prevention and glycemic control in primary medical care during period of COVID-19. Here, expert recommendations were presented by Chinese diabetologists, healthcare providers, and public health administrators to improve the ability of primary health facilities and provide standardized basic public health and medical services throughout the country. The main contents include basic requirements for management, workflow of health management, referral, treatment, as well as the long-term follow-up. Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019; Diabetes mellitus; Primary care
{"title":"Expert recommendations for diabetes with or without COVID-19 management in communities","authors":"Weiqing Wang, Z. Shan, Guang Wang, W. Gu, Yifei Zhang, Jieli Lu, Ling-Zi Hu, Jinsong Kuang, Dong Zhao, Yin Dong","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20200226-00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20200226-00106","url":null,"abstract":"Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred in China. Higher risk of COVID-19 infection and worse prognosis were observed among patients with diabetes. There are rigorous challenges existing in terms of diabetes prevention and glycemic control in primary medical care during period of COVID-19. Here, expert recommendations were presented by Chinese diabetologists, healthcare providers, and public health administrators to improve the ability of primary health facilities and provide standardized basic public health and medical services throughout the country. The main contents include basic requirements for management, workflow of health management, referral, treatment, as well as the long-term follow-up. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Coronavirus disease 2019; Diabetes mellitus; Primary care","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45047401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190604-00210
Xiaojue Li, Jin-ping Wang, S. He, X. Shen, Hui Wang, X. Qian, Xinxing Feng, Xuan Wang, Q. Gong, Y. An, Bo Zhang, F. Zhao, Hui Li, Guangwei Li, Yanyan Chen
Objective To investigate the long-term effects of metabolically healthy obesity on the risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease events, and its mortality over a 23-year follow-up. Methods Based on the results of an oral glucose tolerance test, there were 519 participants with normal glucose tolerance and 630 with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes enrolled in 1986 and then given to assess the long-term clinical outcomes during the 23-year follow-up in Daqing. Metabolically healthy obesity was defined as the overweight and obese individuals with no metabolic abnormalities (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia). Finally, we identified 682 participants (350 with normal glucose tolerance and 332 with newly diagnosed diabetes). They were divided into five groups: 211 individuals with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW group), 58 with metabolically healthy overweight and obesity (MHO group), 81, 109, 223 were metabolically unhealthy overweight and obesity with hypertension (MUHO group), type 2 diabetes (MUDO group), hypertension and diabetes (MUHDO group). Incidences of type 2 diabetes, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease were compared among these groups. Results Over 23 years, instead of the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in MHO group was two times higher than in MHNW group ( 24.1%, 12.5/1 000 person years vs 10.9%, 5.2/1 000 person years, P=0.01), with an age, sex, and smoking history-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.42 (95% CI 1.24-4.74, P=0.01). The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease in the groups of overweight and obesity with metabolically unhealthy were higher than in MHNW group, and increased across the subjects with MUHO, MUDO, MUHDO (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight participants, the metabolically healthy obese group was at increased risk of type 2 diabetes but not cardiovascular disease events and its mortality. On the contrary, the overweight and obese groups with metabolic abnormalities had significant higher incidence of type 2 diabetes, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Key words: Metabolically healthy obesity; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Mortality; Cardiovascular disease events
{"title":"Long-term effects of metabolically healthy obesity on the risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease events and its mortality over 23 years in the China Daqing diabetes prevention study","authors":"Xiaojue Li, Jin-ping Wang, S. He, X. Shen, Hui Wang, X. Qian, Xinxing Feng, Xuan Wang, Q. Gong, Y. An, Bo Zhang, F. Zhao, Hui Li, Guangwei Li, Yanyan Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190604-00210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190604-00210","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the long-term effects of metabolically healthy obesity on the risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease events, and its mortality over a 23-year follow-up. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Based on the results of an oral glucose tolerance test, there were 519 participants with normal glucose tolerance and 630 with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes enrolled in 1986 and then given to assess the long-term clinical outcomes during the 23-year follow-up in Daqing. Metabolically healthy obesity was defined as the overweight and obese individuals with no metabolic abnormalities (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia). Finally, we identified 682 participants (350 with normal glucose tolerance and 332 with newly diagnosed diabetes). They were divided into five groups: 211 individuals with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW group), 58 with metabolically healthy overweight and obesity (MHO group), 81, 109, 223 were metabolically unhealthy overweight and obesity with hypertension (MUHO group), type 2 diabetes (MUDO group), hypertension and diabetes (MUHDO group). Incidences of type 2 diabetes, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease were compared among these groups. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Over 23 years, instead of the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in MHO group was two times higher than in MHNW group ( 24.1%, 12.5/1 000 person years vs 10.9%, 5.2/1 000 person years, P=0.01), with an age, sex, and smoking history-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.42 (95% CI 1.24-4.74, P=0.01). The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease in the groups of overweight and obesity with metabolically unhealthy were higher than in MHNW group, and increased across the subjects with MUHO, MUDO, MUHDO (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight participants, the metabolically healthy obese group was at increased risk of type 2 diabetes but not cardiovascular disease events and its mortality. On the contrary, the overweight and obese groups with metabolic abnormalities had significant higher incidence of type 2 diabetes, morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Metabolically healthy obesity; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Mortality; Cardiovascular disease events","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190718-00282
Ziqin Liu, Xiaobo Chen
Aarskog-Scott syndrome is an orphan disease, the typical manifestations include special facial feature, short stature, genital anomalies and skeletal dysplasia. We reported a male patient, three years six months old, admitted because of slow growth in height for 3 years. His stature was 90 cm(
{"title":"Aarskog-Scott syndrome: One case report","authors":"Ziqin Liu, Xiaobo Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190718-00282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190718-00282","url":null,"abstract":"Aarskog-Scott syndrome is an orphan disease, the typical manifestations include special facial feature, short stature, genital anomalies and skeletal dysplasia. We reported a male patient, three years six months old, admitted because of slow growth in height for 3 years. His stature was 90 cm(<P3, -3 SD). He presented special facial features, hyperextensible joints, brachydactyly, a shawl scrotum, and left cryptorchidism. He was found to have a genomic deletion (1.1 Mb) involving exons 9 to 12 in the FGD1 gene inherited by his mother. The patient met the clinical diagnostic criteria of the Aarskog-Scott syndrome. He was given growth hormone treatment from 5 years old, found 17 cm growth within 18 months. There was no adverse event of growth hormone therapy. This reminds us when a short patient showing a facial-digital-genital triad signs, Aarskog-Scott syndrome should be considered.Key words: FGD1; Special facial feature; Short stature; Skeletal dysplasia; Genital anomality","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45786882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190411-00141
Qihang Li, Wenbin Chen, L. Sun, Ling Gao, X. Zhong
Diabetic nephropathy is a microvascular complication in the advanced stage of diabetes. About 20%-40% of patients with diabetes will progress to diabetic nephropathy. And worldwide, diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Animal model is a useful tool to study the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Currently, the commonly used diabetic nephropathy models all simulate partial characteristics of human diabetic nephropathy in different degrees of pathophysiology. However, the research on diabetic nephropathy has not achieved considerable progress. The main obstacle is that there is no effective animal model that can fully simulate all the characteristics of human diabetic nephropathy. In this paper, the animal models of diabetic nephropathy were reviewed from the aspects of modeling mechanism, pathophysiology, their advantages and disadvantages. Key words: Diabetic nephropathy; End-stage renal disease; Animal model; Pathophysiology; Advantages; Disadvantages
{"title":"An overview of animal models of diabetic nephropathy","authors":"Qihang Li, Wenbin Chen, L. Sun, Ling Gao, X. Zhong","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190411-00141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190411-00141","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic nephropathy is a microvascular complication in the advanced stage of diabetes. About 20%-40% of patients with diabetes will progress to diabetic nephropathy. And worldwide, diabetic nephropathy has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Animal model is a useful tool to study the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Currently, the commonly used diabetic nephropathy models all simulate partial characteristics of human diabetic nephropathy in different degrees of pathophysiology. However, the research on diabetic nephropathy has not achieved considerable progress. The main obstacle is that there is no effective animal model that can fully simulate all the characteristics of human diabetic nephropathy. In this paper, the animal models of diabetic nephropathy were reviewed from the aspects of modeling mechanism, pathophysiology, their advantages and disadvantages. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Diabetic nephropathy; End-stage renal disease; Animal model; Pathophysiology; Advantages; Disadvantages","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70011730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190703-00253
Jing Wang, Lingyu Zhang, Yao Qin, Xiang Ma, Meimei Zhang
Objective The causes of infertility are complex and diverse, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is often overlooked in screening for infertility. In this study, CAH was diagnosed in women with high androgenemia who were infertile during childbearing age, and the diagnosis and treatment of CAH in pregnant women was investigated. Methods This study included 20 women with high androgenemia and infertility in the childbearing age who were referred to the Endocrinology Department after visiting the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2016 to April 2019. All patients were tested for blood hormone levels, glucose, and lipid metabolism, underwent ACTH stimulation test, uterus and bilateral ovarian B-ultrasound, adrenal computed cosmography (CT), etc. Full-length sequencing of the CYP21A2 gene was performed as necessary. Results Among the 20 women with hyperandrogenism who were infertile, there were 7 cases of CAH (35.0%), including 6 cases of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) confirmed by gene sequencing; 10 cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); 3 cases of idiopathic hyperandrogenemia (IHA). Sex hormone results showed that testosterone in CAH group was significantly higher than that in PCOS group and IHA group [(4.4±2.0 vs 2.9±0.4, 2.8±0.8) nmol/L, P 0.05]. However, the 17-OHP (60 min) in CAH group was significantly higher than that in PCOS group and IHA group [(200.1±80.8 vs 3.1±1.2, 3.4±0.2) ng/ml, P<0.05]. Glucocorticoid therapy was given to patients with CAH, and 4 patients had successful pregnancy. No clinical symptoms of CAH and external genital malformations were found in the offspring of patients who had been delivered. Conclusions The ACTH stimulation test is of great significance in the differential diagnosis of CAH, especially 21-OHD. Genetic testing helps to identify the type of mutation in CAH patients. On the one hand, glucocorticoid therapy may improve the pregnancy rate of CAH patients, on the other hand, it can help to reduce the status of maternal high androgen and avoid masculine manifestation of female offspring. Key words: Infertility; Hyperandrogenism; Congenital adrenal hyperplasia; ACTH stimulation test
目的不孕症的病因复杂多样，先天性肾上腺增生症(CAH)在不孕症筛查中常被忽视。本研究在育龄期不孕的高雄激素血症女性中诊断出CAH，并对孕妇CAH的诊断和治疗进行探讨。方法选取2016年12月至2019年4月在南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心转诊至内分泌科的育龄期高雄激素血症合并不孕症女性20例。所有患者均检测血激素水平、血糖、脂质代谢，行ACTH刺激试验、子宫及双侧卵巢b超、肾上腺CT等检查。必要时进行CYP21A2基因的全长测序。结果20例高雄激素症不孕妇女中，CAH 7例(35.0%)，其中6例经基因测序证实为21-羟化酶缺乏症(21-OHD);多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS) 10例;特发性高雄激素血症(IHA) 3例。性激素结果显示，CAH组睾酮显著高于PCOS组和IHA组[(4.4±2.0 vs 2.9±0.4,2.8±0.8)nmol/L, P 0.05]。CAH组17-OHP (60 min)明显高于PCOS组和IHA组[(200.1±80.8 vs 3.1±1.2,3.4±0.2)ng/ml, P<0.05]。对CAH患者给予糖皮质激素治疗，4例成功妊娠。分娩患者的后代未发现CAH和外生殖器畸形的临床症状。结论ACTH刺激试验对CAH特别是21-OHD的鉴别诊断有重要意义。基因检测有助于确定CAH患者的突变类型。糖皮质激素治疗一方面可以提高CAH患者的妊娠率，另一方面可以帮助降低母体雄激素高的状态，避免雌性后代出现男性化表现。关键词:不孕症;雄激素过多症;先天性肾上腺增生;ACTH刺激试验
{"title":"Screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in infertile women with high androgenemia during childbearing age","authors":"Jing Wang, Lingyu Zhang, Yao Qin, Xiang Ma, Meimei Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190703-00253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190703-00253","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000The causes of infertility are complex and diverse, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is often overlooked in screening for infertility. In this study, CAH was diagnosed in women with high androgenemia who were infertile during childbearing age, and the diagnosis and treatment of CAH in pregnant women was investigated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000This study included 20 women with high androgenemia and infertility in the childbearing age who were referred to the Endocrinology Department after visiting the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2016 to April 2019. All patients were tested for blood hormone levels, glucose, and lipid metabolism, underwent ACTH stimulation test, uterus and bilateral ovarian B-ultrasound, adrenal computed cosmography (CT), etc. Full-length sequencing of the CYP21A2 gene was performed as necessary. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Among the 20 women with hyperandrogenism who were infertile, there were 7 cases of CAH (35.0%), including 6 cases of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) confirmed by gene sequencing; 10 cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); 3 cases of idiopathic hyperandrogenemia (IHA). Sex hormone results showed that testosterone in CAH group was significantly higher than that in PCOS group and IHA group [(4.4±2.0 vs 2.9±0.4, 2.8±0.8) nmol/L, P 0.05]. However, the 17-OHP (60 min) in CAH group was significantly higher than that in PCOS group and IHA group [(200.1±80.8 vs 3.1±1.2, 3.4±0.2) ng/ml, P<0.05]. Glucocorticoid therapy was given to patients with CAH, and 4 patients had successful pregnancy. No clinical symptoms of CAH and external genital malformations were found in the offspring of patients who had been delivered. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The ACTH stimulation test is of great significance in the differential diagnosis of CAH, especially 21-OHD. Genetic testing helps to identify the type of mutation in CAH patients. On the one hand, glucocorticoid therapy may improve the pregnancy rate of CAH patients, on the other hand, it can help to reduce the status of maternal high androgen and avoid masculine manifestation of female offspring. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Infertility; Hyperandrogenism; Congenital adrenal hyperplasia; ACTH stimulation test","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41789239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190907-00368
Yan Zhang, Mengsi Liu, K. Zhu, W. Feng, Hong Huang, Dalong Zhu
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the change of serum bone-derived hormones osteocalcin and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) level in patients with active acromegaly, and to further investigate the potential role of osteocalcin and LCN2 in glucose metabolism. Methods Fifty consecutive patients diagnosed as acromegaly in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from December 2016 to August 2018 were recruited. Of those, 41 patients after operations with complete follow-up data were also included. 30 sex, age, and body mass index matched healthy persons as normal controls. Serum osteocalcin and LCN2 levels were compared between controls and patients with acromegaly, as well as at pre- and post- operation periods. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the correlation between bone-derived hormones and glucose metabolism indexes and to determine the independent associations between variables. Results Compared with normal controls, serum osteocalcin increased [(55.45±34.02 vs 19.46±6.69)ng/ml, P 0.05). After operation, with the decrease of serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), serum osteocalcin level decreased [24.79(18.39, 32.59) vs 43.51(26.73, 65.66)ng/ml, P<0.01] and LCN2 level increased [(45.15±15.33 vs 37.03±9.73)ng/ml, P<0.05] significantly compare to pre-operation levels. In a multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis, lean mass was shown to be the only positive predictor for LCN2 (β=0.44, P=0.015) and elevated serum IGF-1 was a positive predictor for osteocalcin (β=0.512, P<0.01). In the multivariate models, low LCN2 (β=-0.398, P=0.017) and elevated serum osteocalcin (β=0.553, P=0.001) were predictors for AUCINS, osteocalcin was a positive predictor of HOMA- β (β=0.519, P=0.004). GH (β=0.294, P=0.029) and IGF-1(β = 0.428, P=0.002) were all identified as positive predictors of HOMA-IR during multivariate testing in acromegaly patients. Conclusions Acromegaly patients had increased osteocalcin and decreased LCN2 serum levels, and corresponding alteration was detected with the correction of biochemical abnormalities. Serum osteocalcin and LCN2 were predictors of β-cell function in acromegaly patients. This study adds new evidence for the role of bone in regulating glucose metabolism in acromegaly. Key words: Acromegaly; Osteocalcin; Lipocalin 2; Glucose metabolism
{"title":"Associations between circulating bone-derived hormones osteocalcin, lipocalin 2, and glucose metabolism in patients with acromegaly","authors":"Yan Zhang, Mengsi Liu, K. Zhu, W. Feng, Hong Huang, Dalong Zhu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190907-00368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN311282-20190907-00368","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000The aim of this study was to examine the change of serum bone-derived hormones osteocalcin and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) level in patients with active acromegaly, and to further investigate the potential role of osteocalcin and LCN2 in glucose metabolism. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Fifty consecutive patients diagnosed as acromegaly in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from December 2016 to August 2018 were recruited. Of those, 41 patients after operations with complete follow-up data were also included. 30 sex, age, and body mass index matched healthy persons as normal controls. Serum osteocalcin and LCN2 levels were compared between controls and patients with acromegaly, as well as at pre- and post- operation periods. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the correlation between bone-derived hormones and glucose metabolism indexes and to determine the independent associations between variables. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with normal controls, serum osteocalcin increased [(55.45±34.02 vs 19.46±6.69)ng/ml, P 0.05). After operation, with the decrease of serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), serum osteocalcin level decreased [24.79(18.39, 32.59) vs 43.51(26.73, 65.66)ng/ml, P<0.01] and LCN2 level increased [(45.15±15.33 vs 37.03±9.73)ng/ml, P<0.05] significantly compare to pre-operation levels. In a multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis, lean mass was shown to be the only positive predictor for LCN2 (β=0.44, P=0.015) and elevated serum IGF-1 was a positive predictor for osteocalcin (β=0.512, P<0.01). In the multivariate models, low LCN2 (β=-0.398, P=0.017) and elevated serum osteocalcin (β=0.553, P=0.001) were predictors for AUCINS, osteocalcin was a positive predictor of HOMA- β (β=0.519, P=0.004). GH (β=0.294, P=0.029) and IGF-1(β = 0.428, P=0.002) were all identified as positive predictors of HOMA-IR during multivariate testing in acromegaly patients. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Acromegaly patients had increased osteocalcin and decreased LCN2 serum levels, and corresponding alteration was detected with the correction of biochemical abnormalities. Serum osteocalcin and LCN2 were predictors of β-cell function in acromegaly patients. This study adds new evidence for the role of bone in regulating glucose metabolism in acromegaly. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Acromegaly; Osteocalcin; Lipocalin 2; Glucose metabolism","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47110778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To screen gene mutation information of gout pedigree through whole genome sequencing and to carry out preliminary analysis. Methods One typical gout pedigree was selected as the study subjects. The clinical data and the peripheral blood samples were collected and constructed charts of the pedigree. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed by the whole genome sequencing, and by the software analysis and comparison, screening out the pathogenic genes and related mutations. Then the verifications were conducted in the family members and the controls. Bioinformatics software was applied to predict the effect of mutation on gene expression. Results Based on the sequencing results, advanced informational analysis was performed to screen out the mutations 1040-8 A> G near the 5 ′end near the exon 8 of the PLAA gene. The results showed that all the gout patients in the family had 1040 -8 A> G sites, and none of the mutants were found in the non-gout group and 200 controls; bioinformatics analysis suggested that the mutation could affect PLAA gene expression, but not affecting PLAA mRNA structure. Conclusion PLAA gene 1040-8 A> G mutation is separated from patients in the gout pedigree, and the newly discovered PLAA gene may act as a gout pathogenic gene. Key words: Gout; Pedigree; Whole genome sequencing; Gene
目的通过全基因组测序筛选痛风家系基因突变信息并进行初步分析。方法选择1个典型的痛风家系作为研究对象。收集临床资料和外周血标本，建立家系图。提取外周血dna进行全基因组测序分析，通过软件分析比较，筛选出致病基因及相关突变。然后在家庭成员和对照组中进行验证。应用生物信息学软件预测突变对基因表达的影响。结果基于测序结果，进行了深入的信息分析，筛选出PLAA基因8外显子5′端附近的1040-8 A> G突变。结果表明，家族中所有痛风患者均有1040 ~ 8个A>个G位点，非痛风组和200个对照组均未发现突变体;生物信息学分析表明该突变可影响PLAA基因表达，但不影响PLAA mRNA结构。结论在痛风家系患者中分离到PLAA基因1040- 8a >g突变，新发现的PLAA基因可能是痛风致病基因。关键词:痛风;血统;全基因组测序;基因
{"title":"A whole genome sequencing result and preliminary analysis of a primary gout pedigree","authors":"Xiaoyu Cheng, R. Sun, Tian Liu, Lidan Ma, Ying Xin, Ying Chen, Changgui Li, Zhao-tong Jia","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To screen gene mutation information of gout pedigree through whole genome sequencing and to carry out preliminary analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000One typical gout pedigree was selected as the study subjects. The clinical data and the peripheral blood samples were collected and constructed charts of the pedigree. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed by the whole genome sequencing, and by the software analysis and comparison, screening out the pathogenic genes and related mutations. Then the verifications were conducted in the family members and the controls. Bioinformatics software was applied to predict the effect of mutation on gene expression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Based on the sequencing results, advanced informational analysis was performed to screen out the mutations 1040-8 A> G near the 5 ′end near the exon 8 of the PLAA gene. The results showed that all the gout patients in the family had 1040 -8 A> G sites, and none of the mutants were found in the non-gout group and 200 controls; bioinformatics analysis suggested that the mutation could affect PLAA gene expression, but not affecting PLAA mRNA structure. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000PLAA gene 1040-8 A> G mutation is separated from patients in the gout pedigree, and the newly discovered PLAA gene may act as a gout pathogenic gene. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Gout; Pedigree; Whole genome sequencing; Gene","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"106-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45791967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.005
Yong Jin, Ye Zhou, Xuepeng Wang, Shuqin Chen, Yan-Shu Chen, Jing-jia Yu, Miao Xu, Yuchen Tang, Li Li
Objective To explore the association between thyroid hormones and visceral fat area(VFA) in the patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 729 patients with type 2 diabetes, who joined National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) through Ningbo First Hospital from March, 2018 to July, 2019, were enrolled in this study. Blood tests were taken to assess their thyroid hormones and biochemical indexes. VFA and subcutaneous fat area(SFA) were obtained through bioelectrical impedance analysis. Statistics were later analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression. Results Spearman correlation analysis showed that VFA were positively correlated with T3、FT3(r=0.225 and 0.211, P 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that VFA was independently correlated with FT4 and FT3(P<0.01). An increment of 1 pmol/L in FT4 was associated with 1.759 cm2 increase in VFA, and increment of 1 pmol/L in FT3 was associated with 3.256 cm2 decrease in VFA. Conclusion VFA in patients with type 2 diabetes are correlated with FT3 and FT4. Key words: Visceral fat area; Thyroid hormones; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Metabolic Management Center
{"title":"Association between thyroid hormones and visceral fat area in the patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Yong Jin, Ye Zhou, Xuepeng Wang, Shuqin Chen, Yan-Shu Chen, Jing-jia Yu, Miao Xu, Yuchen Tang, Li Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the association between thyroid hormones and visceral fat area(VFA) in the patients with type 2 diabetes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 729 patients with type 2 diabetes, who joined National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) through Ningbo First Hospital from March, 2018 to July, 2019, were enrolled in this study. Blood tests were taken to assess their thyroid hormones and biochemical indexes. VFA and subcutaneous fat area(SFA) were obtained through bioelectrical impedance analysis. Statistics were later analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Spearman correlation analysis showed that VFA were positively correlated with T3、FT3(r=0.225 and 0.211, P 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that VFA was independently correlated with FT4 and FT3(P<0.01). An increment of 1 pmol/L in FT4 was associated with 1.759 cm2 increase in VFA, and increment of 1 pmol/L in FT3 was associated with 3.256 cm2 decrease in VFA. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000VFA in patients with type 2 diabetes are correlated with FT3 and FT4. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Visceral fat area; Thyroid hormones; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Metabolic Management Center","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"116-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46948046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.015
H. You, Ziwei Lin, S. Qu
Many studies of the etiology and intervention for obesity have gradually focused on the brain, trying to curb the occurrence of obesity from the source. Hypothalamic inflammation has been a concern and an unresolved scientific issue in the development of obesity. Studies have shown that hypothalamic inflammation not only impairs energy balance, but also increases obesity-related insulin and leptin resistance, further promotes peripheral tissues storing up fat cells, eventually leads to the development of obesity. In addition, hypothalamic inflammation occurs before weight-gain and peripheral tissue inflammation with high-fat diets. Therefore, more and more scholars believe that hypothalamic inflammation is an important cause of dietary-induced metabolic abnormalities. The occurrence of hypothalamic inflammation is mainly accompanied by a series of complex and rapidly-activated glial, including microglia, astrocytes, and tanycyte. These cells are responsible for maintaining hypothalamic metabolic homeostasis and making up the important components of the regulatory network. Moreover, multiple teams also found that a variety of weight-loss methods(e.g. bariatric surgery, targeted drugs, fecal microbiota transplantation, and so on) can improve hypothalamic inflammation levels. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of hypothalamic inflammation through different neurons, which is expected to find a more effective and safer solution to intervene and treat obesity in the future. Key words: Hypothalamic inflammation; Obesity; Glial cells
{"title":"Regulation and mechanism of hypothalamic inflammation on obesity","authors":"H. You, Ziwei Lin, S. Qu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies of the etiology and intervention for obesity have gradually focused on the brain, trying to curb the occurrence of obesity from the source. Hypothalamic inflammation has been a concern and an unresolved scientific issue in the development of obesity. Studies have shown that hypothalamic inflammation not only impairs energy balance, but also increases obesity-related insulin and leptin resistance, further promotes peripheral tissues storing up fat cells, eventually leads to the development of obesity. In addition, hypothalamic inflammation occurs before weight-gain and peripheral tissue inflammation with high-fat diets. Therefore, more and more scholars believe that hypothalamic inflammation is an important cause of dietary-induced metabolic abnormalities. The occurrence of hypothalamic inflammation is mainly accompanied by a series of complex and rapidly-activated glial, including microglia, astrocytes, and tanycyte. These cells are responsible for maintaining hypothalamic metabolic homeostasis and making up the important components of the regulatory network. Moreover, multiple teams also found that a variety of weight-loss methods(e.g. bariatric surgery, targeted drugs, fecal microbiota transplantation, and so on) can improve hypothalamic inflammation levels. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of hypothalamic inflammation through different neurons, which is expected to find a more effective and safer solution to intervene and treat obesity in the future. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hypothalamic inflammation; Obesity; Glial cells","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45114272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.014
H. Qu, Yi Zheng, Xiaoli Gong, Hongting Zheng
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and more attention has been paid to the treatment strategies targeting mitochondrial function in these diseases. Our group has been devoted to exploring the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction such as mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism, as well as various diabetic complications. This review highlighted recent progresses in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcer, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver and their correspondent molecular pathways, tried to explore the feasibility of targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of these diseases. Key words: Mitochondria; Dysfunction; Diabetes mellitus; Complications
{"title":"The emerging role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic complications","authors":"H. Qu, Yi Zheng, Xiaoli Gong, Hongting Zheng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6699.2020.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and more attention has been paid to the treatment strategies targeting mitochondrial function in these diseases. Our group has been devoted to exploring the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction such as mitochondrial oxidative stress and energy metabolism, as well as various diabetic complications. This review highlighted recent progresses in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcer, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver and their correspondent molecular pathways, tried to explore the feasibility of targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of these diseases. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Mitochondria; Dysfunction; Diabetes mellitus; Complications","PeriodicalId":10120,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"36 1","pages":"161-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44284983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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