Waste Management Bulletin最新文献

Bioremediation, an advanced and environmentally sustainable technology, utilizes biological microorganisms to mitigate pollution. This review combines insights from two perspectives: one focusing on the mechanisms, applications, and types of bioremediation, and the other examining the transformative potential of integrating Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and biosensors in pollution management. The first perspective delves into the effectiveness of bioremediation in decomposing and detoxifying hazardous substances, emphasizing its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness compared to conventional methods. In-situ and ex-situ bioremediation methods are analyzed, along with intrinsic and engineered techniques, and phytoremediation strategies for heavy metal removal. The review underscores the growing importance of bioremediation in addressing industrial effluents, contaminated soils, and groundwater, with future advancements expected to enhance its efficiency and applicability. From the second perspective, recent advancements in IoT, AI, and biosensors are explored for their potential to revolutionize bioremediation and waste management. IoT facilitates real-time monitoring and remote management, AI enhances data analysis and predictive modelling, and biosensors contribute to precise pollutant detection and environmental monitoring. The review highlights the synergistic integration of these technologies, presenting smart bioremediation systems with real-time feedback loops and adaptive capabilities. Together, these technologies offer scalable solutions for environmental pollution mitigation, marking a significant stride towards sustainable environmental management.

The proper disposal of solid waste represents one of the most intricate environmental challenges encountered by the municipalities of West Bengal. The municipality of Cooch Behar, a rapidly developing part of the Koch Bihar district of West Bengal, was selected as a case study. A health and environmental threat is created by the disposal of solid waste from the municipality area in an open place in Guriahati G.P., 6 km from the town and near the Torsa River. This study aims to identify the most suitable areas for the disposal and dumping of municipal solid waste. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, the weights of the seventeen causative factors were allocated based on their relevance to identify the appropriate locations. The present study also introduces an innovative methodology employing GIS-based sensitivity analyses to enhance the optimisation of factors influencing suitable solid waste disposal site selection. Three possible waste disposal sites have been identified based on low land costs, the availability of barren land and the distance to settlements and sensitive places. The area under the ROC curve reveals that the AUC value is 0.895, which indicates that the level of accuracy of the model is 89.50 %. With a weight of 0.184, land value was found to be the most important criterion in the model, followed by distance to settlement (0.135) and distance to road (0.123). By carefully choosing suitable locations, this research could assist urban planners in developing a waste management system that is resilient and environmentally sustainable.

Biochar is a carbon-rich material that can be produced from waste biomass, making it a sustainable alternative to activated carbon. Biochar production is a carbon capture and storage strategy, and its physicochemical characteristics make it a useful additive for many processes, including the biological treatment of organic waste. Particularly, biochar has a high adsorbent capacity due to its high porosity, surface area and functional groups, which makes this material especially attractive in technologies with the presence of known inhibitors or that imply the emission of polluting compounds. In anaerobic digestion, its application improves the stability of the system against inhibition, increases the efficiency of the process, and allows the purification of biogas in situ. In composting, it reduces greenhouse gas and odor emissions and improves the quality of the compost obtained, increasing the nutrient content, immobilizing heavy metals, and reducing the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. Even so, the use of biochar in the biological treatment of organic waste is still an incipient field that requires research and consensus on key aspects such as the optimal dose of biochar, the transformation of the organic material over time, and its subsequent application as an amendment for the improvement of agricultural soils.

The abundantly available waste banana pseudostem fibers have attracted the paper and textile industries, however the stem-sap extracted during fiber processing remains underutilized. Although this sap comprising cellulosic sugars holds potential as a feedstock, its commercial viability in the renewable energy sector remains a challenge. Our study delves into this untapped resource by mechanically extracting sap from banana pseudostems and enhancing its reducing sugar content to approximately 35.5 g/L through acid hydrolysis and detoxification without concentrating the sap. Using separate batch fermentations with pentose and hexose fermenting strains such as Pichia stipitis NCIM 3499 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 2601, we achieved bioethanol production efficiencies of 67.5 % and 70.03 %, respectively. Yield and cost analyses confirmed the feasibility of this approach for industrial application in low-economy settings. Furthermore, gene-interaction network and functional enrichment analysis identified 63 key genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and ethanol conversion pathways within the fermenting organisms. Among these, the PGK1 gene and its direct interactors emerged as promising targets for future biotechnological enhancements aimed at boosting bioethanol production. This study not only underscores the renewable energy potential of unconcentrated banana pseudostem sap but also paves the way for innovative genetic interventions to optimize bioethanol yields.

This research investigates the management of waste vegetables in Lagos, Nigeria, aiming to enhance sustainability and reduce environmental impact. This study explores existing waste management practices and assesses their effectiveness through a mixed-method approach combining quantitative data collection on waste volumes and qualitative interviews with stakeholders. Significant findings indicate a steady increase in waste vegetable generation in Lagos, from 120,000 tons in 2016 to 140,000 tons in 2020. Current management practices primarily involve landfilling, with minimal recycling. However, pilot projects on composting and biogas production show promising results in reducing landfill use and providing renewable energy. For instance, composting initiatives have successfully decreased landfill usage from 100% in 2019 to 60% in 2024, and community participation in waste management programs has grown from 10% to 85% over the same period. The study concludes that while Lagos faces significant waste management challenges, sustainable practices like composting and biogas production can effectively address these issues. The research underscores the need for policy support and increased community engagement to expand these initiatives, suggesting a potential model for other developing cities with similar challenges.

In today's interconnected world, traditional approaches to managing resources and analyzing product life cycles are often inefficient and lack precision. Digital technologies offer a suite of tools and methodologies that can revolutionize these practices. Through a systematic literature review on the Scopus database, this study examines the (i) various ways in which digital technologies contribute to various aspects of circular economy initiatives, viz., promoting resource optimization, resource efficiency, waste reduction, and overall sustainability and (ii) life cycle analysis of the organizational value chain within the circular economy framework. Intersections of digital technologies with the circular economy and life cycle analysis can drive significant advancements in sustainability practices by optimizing resource efficiency and improving environmental impact assessments across industries. Key topics covered include digital technologies, data collection and management, resource optimization, product design optimization, lifecycle monitoring and assessment, predictive analytics and modeling, circular design and product lifecycle management, supply chain transparency and traceability, virtual reality (VR) platforms, etc. The study also highlights the potential benefits and challenges associated with the adoption of digital technologies in the context of circular economy initiatives and offers insights for practical implications and future research directions. By leveraging digital technologies strategically, organizations can drive innovation, overcome challenges, and accelerate progress toward a more sustainable and circular economy.

Seafood by-products from various organisms like fish, shellfish, squids, and bivalves are often thrown away as waste, even though they could be utilized in creating new types of valuable foods. Up to 75% of the entire organism consists of industrial processing wastes, which can lead to a loss of profit and ecological sustainability if natural resources are not recycled efficiently. Various types of fish parts and byproducts, such as heads, viscera, skin, bones, scales, exoskeletons, pens, ink, and clam shells, can be categorized as valuable waste based on their weight percentages, which vary depending on the species and taxonomy. This review paper delves into the extraction and valorization strategies of seafood by-products, with a focus on transforming waste into valuable resources. Marine by-products can provide bioactive substances such as collagen, peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, chitin, and catalysts for biodiesel production. This review highlights the utilization of innovative techniques like microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extraction as well as supercritical fluid extraction and subcritical water extraction to extract bioactive compounds from seafood waste efficiently. This section also discusses the optimization of extraction processes to enhance efficiency and yield. Furthermore, the paper explores the potential applications of seafood by-products across various industries, emphasizing sustainable resource utilization and the creation of high-value products to be applied in our current circular economy.

Broad-spectrum antibiotic, major veterinary medicines, due to large consumption and inappropriate disposal contribute a major part in generation of pharmaceutical pollutants in aquatic environment. The study investigates the interaction of nanometal oxides for adsorption and desorption of Fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solution using vertical and sequential bed adsorption columns: designing parameters of adsorption column determined using bed depth service time model. To optimize the continuous flow column adsorption, varying initial drug concentration and flow rates have been studied using ZnO and CuO nanoparticles at pH 4, already determined for optimized batch studies. To access the characteristic behaviour of breakthrough curves, Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson models have been studied, which were in good agreement with experimental data. Sequential bed column shows slightly better results than vertical bed column as the sequential bed is simple and economical, the solution flows in continuous manner under gravity without any mechanical devices and come into contact with fresh adsorbent bed having same amount as that in vertical bed. Therefore sequential bed column can consider in small scale industries for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Column desorption experiments have also been carried out by using HCl/NaOH as desorbing agent for the regeneration of drug loaded adsorbent column.

This study proposes a chemical recycling pathway for valorizing the cellulosic component of municipal waste streams such as textile, cleaning wipes, corrugated cardboard, contaminated cardboard (i.e. a pizza box), paper-plastic laminate (PPL) coffee cups and cigarette butts (CBs). The goal of this study is to establish an experimental procedure that allows to test a broad range of cellulose-containing waste materials, laying the groundwork for commercial deployment of their chemical recycling. The cellulose contained in these materials is transformed into 5-chloromethylfurfural (CMF), a precursor for bio-based plastics, without affecting the plastic counterpart (if present). We employ a biphasic system concept using aqueous HCl solutions for CMF formation and in situ extraction from the reaction medium using immiscible organic solvents, enabling straightforward product separation. This method allows to hydrolyze cellulosic materials from waste without affecting PET or polyolefin plastic also present, facilitating the subsequent recycling of this plastic as well. This study serves as a foundation to assess the feasibility of using cellulose-containing waste streams for chemical recycling and to offer recommendations on selecting optimal reaction procedures.

Transporting wet inoculum for full-scale anaerobic digester (AD) start-up is usually infeasible and costly, especially, for remote locations. To overcome these burdens lyophilized AD inoculum is thought to be used after on-site acclimation. For this reason, in this study, the impact of three different acclimated lyophilized AD inoculums collected from full-scale mesophilic AD installations treating different feedstocks was tested for 20 days to monitor AD start-up and methane production by using biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays. The lyophilized inoculums after acclimation were fed to corresponding triplicate digesters treating similar feedstocks as digestate (DG), waste activated sludge (WAS) plus landfill leachate (LL) and WAS, LL plus food waste from municipal solid waste (FWMSW). As a control, no inoculum added digesters with three different feedstocks collected freshly from full-scale mesophilic AD installations treating DG, WAS + LL and WAS + LL + FWMSW were also run in triplicates. All the digesters displayed enhanced methane production in two days of the incubation, the digesters fed with DG as an inoculum displayed shortened start-up and the highest methane production with 42.77 % comparing to control. BMP assays of the other two inoculums tested also displayed 4.73 % enhanced methane production for WAS plus LL and 4.51 % enhanced methane production for WAS, LL plus FWMSW comparing to their corresponding controls. Metagenome analyses of the inoculums used revealed that the dominant methanogens were Methanobacteriaceae (100 % Methanobrevibacter) for DG, %33 Methanosaetaceae (%100 Methanothrix) and %27 Methanobacteriaceae (%71 Methanobrevibacter and %29 Methanosphaera) for WAS + LL, %35 Methanosaetaceae (%100 Methanothrix) and %30 Methanobacteriaceae (%91 Methanobrevibacter and %9 Methanosphaera) for WAS + LL + FWMSW. The lyophilized DG dominated by hydrogenotrophic genus Methanobrevibacter seems to be promising inoculum after acclimation, however, its efficiency needs to be further analysed for the ADs treating various feedstocks.