Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2024.
全球健康科学杂志》（Global Journal of Health Science）第 16 卷第 4 期（2024 年）审稿人致谢。
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 4","authors":"E. Grey","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p80","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2024.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gifty Marfowaa, J. Campbell, S. Nagavally, Aprill Z Dawson, R. Walker, Leonard E. Egede
BACKGROUND: As the global burden of diabetes persists, research is needed to understand the role of wealth and correlates of diabetes across regions of the world. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and role of wealth and diabetes across 6 low- and middle- income countries while also accounting for independent correlates of diabetes by country. METHODS: Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE), SAGE Wave 1 was used. Self-reported diabetes status was the primary dependent variable and wealth quintile, number of dwelling characteristics and possession of a set of assets, was the independent variable. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between wealth and presence of diabetes across 6 countries with the highest wealth quintile, quintile 1, serving as the reference group. RESULTS: Sample size by country included Ghana N = 5573, South Africa N = 4227, Russia N = 4947, Mexico N = 5448, India N = 12198, and China N = 15050. Average age across country ranged from 49 to 63 years of age. Prevalence of diabetes across country included 3.4% and 9.2% for Ghana and South Africa, respectively. In Russia, 8.3%; Mexico, 18.1%; India, 4.9%; and China, 5.9% of the sample reported having diabetes. In the adjusted logistic model, wealth was associated with higher odds of diabetes in Ghana (OR 2.26; CI 1.28; 4.13), South Africa (OR 4.57; CI 2.25; 10.32), Mexico (OR 2.00; CI 1.14; 3.60), India (OR 2.45; CI 1.60; 3.86), and China (OR 2.16; CI 1.62, 2.93). CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to the growing body of evidence in our understanding between wealth and diabetes. As diabetes persists as a leading cause of death globally, future work should focus on mechanisms underlying the relationship between wealth and diabetes while also developing interventions to mitigate his burgeoning disease affecting communities across low- and middle-income countries.
{"title":"Prevalence of Diabetes and the Relationship Between Wealth and Social Demographic Characteristics Across 6 Low-and-Middle Income Countries","authors":"Gifty Marfowaa, J. Campbell, S. Nagavally, Aprill Z Dawson, R. Walker, Leonard E. Egede","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: As the global burden of diabetes persists, research is needed to understand the role of wealth and correlates of diabetes across regions of the world. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and role of wealth and diabetes across 6 low- and middle- income countries while also accounting for independent correlates of diabetes by country. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE), SAGE Wave 1 was used. Self-reported diabetes status was the primary dependent variable and wealth quintile, number of dwelling characteristics and possession of a set of assets, was the independent variable. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between wealth and presence of diabetes across 6 countries with the highest wealth quintile, quintile 1, serving as the reference group. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Sample size by country included Ghana N = 5573, South Africa N = 4227, Russia N = 4947, Mexico N = 5448, India N = 12198, and China N = 15050. Average age across country ranged from 49 to 63 years of age. Prevalence of diabetes across country included 3.4% and 9.2% for Ghana and South Africa, respectively. In Russia, 8.3%; Mexico, 18.1%; India, 4.9%; and China, 5.9% of the sample reported having diabetes. In the adjusted logistic model, wealth was associated with higher odds of diabetes in Ghana (OR 2.26; CI 1.28; 4.13), South Africa (OR 4.57; CI 2.25; 10.32), Mexico (OR 2.00; CI 1.14; 3.60), India (OR 2.45; CI 1.60; 3.86), and China (OR 2.16; CI 1.62, 2.93). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to the growing body of evidence in our understanding between wealth and diabetes. As diabetes persists as a leading cause of death globally, future work should focus on mechanisms underlying the relationship between wealth and diabetes while also developing interventions to mitigate his burgeoning disease affecting communities across low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Focus has recently been placed on the importance of taking measures against the oral frailty of healthy elderly individuals. OBJECTIVE: To exploratorily examine the association of singing habit with the oral frailty of Japanese healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects. METHODS: Self-reported questionnaire surveys on singing habit, oral frailty, social isolation, and depressive tendency were conducted. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated, and simple linear regression analysis assessed the association of an independent variable (singing habit scores) with a dependent variable [oral frailty index (OFI)-8 scores], while multiple linear regression analysis assessed the associations of independent variables (age, gender, as well as the presence or absence of singing habit, social isolation, and depressive tendency) with the OFI-8 scores. RESULTS: 32 subjects (6 males and 26 females; mean age, 69.0±5.6 years) participated in the surveys. The OFI-8 scores ranged from 0 to 11 points (mean score: 3.3±2.3 points), with the most predominant score of 4 points (8/32, 25.0%). Simple linear regression analysis (n=32) revealed that singing habit significantly lowered the OFI-8 scores (p=0.045), although no correlation was detected (R2=0.1269). Multiple linear regression analysis (n=31) revealed that singing habit showed a moderate inverse correlation (b, -1.73; r=-0.44) with and significantly lowered the OFI-8 scores (p=0.03), suggesting its potential of reducing the risk of oral frailty. Age, social isolation, and depressive tendency had no significant association with the OFI-8 scores. CONCLUSION: The present exploratory study does not provide conclusive evidence about oral frailty prevention by singing habit but affords underpinnings for further research. Keywords: Singing Habit, Oral Frailty, Depression, Social Isolation, Healthy Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals, Self-reported Questionnaire Surveys
{"title":"Singing Habit Potentially Prevents the Oral Frailty of Japanese Healthy Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals","authors":"Naoko Inamura, Takehiko Kaneko","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p32","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Focus has recently been placed on the importance of taking measures against the oral frailty of healthy elderly individuals. \u0000 \u0000OBJECTIVE: To exploratorily examine the association of singing habit with the oral frailty of Japanese healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Self-reported questionnaire surveys on singing habit, oral frailty, social isolation, and depressive tendency were conducted. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated, and simple linear regression analysis assessed the association of an independent variable (singing habit scores) with a dependent variable [oral frailty index (OFI)-8 scores], while multiple linear regression analysis assessed the associations of independent variables (age, gender, as well as the presence or absence of singing habit, social isolation, and depressive tendency) with the OFI-8 scores. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: 32 subjects (6 males and 26 females; mean age, 69.0±5.6 years) participated in the surveys. The OFI-8 scores ranged from 0 to 11 points (mean score: 3.3±2.3 points), with the most predominant score of 4 points (8/32, 25.0%). Simple linear regression analysis (n=32) revealed that singing habit significantly lowered the OFI-8 scores (p=0.045), although no correlation was detected (R2=0.1269). Multiple linear regression analysis (n=31) revealed that singing habit showed a moderate inverse correlation (b, -1.73; r=-0.44) with and significantly lowered the OFI-8 scores (p=0.03), suggesting its potential of reducing the risk of oral frailty. Age, social isolation, and depressive tendency had no significant association with the OFI-8 scores. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: The present exploratory study does not provide conclusive evidence about oral frailty prevention by singing habit but affords underpinnings for further research. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Singing Habit, Oral Frailty, Depression, Social Isolation, Healthy Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals, Self-reported Questionnaire Surveys","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nashon Mugobera, Leonard Malasa, Dharia Amour, Maulid Fataki, F. Rutachunzibwa, F. S. Kalabamu
BACKGROUND: Safe and effective vaccines are crucial for controlling and containing COVID-19 pandemic. However, poor acceptance and hesitance to vaccinate limit effective utilization. In Tanzania, COVID-19 vaccines have been in use with adequate coverage in adults from 18-years old, however, the acceptability of their use in children is not well understood. This study was aimed at determining the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in children among adults in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. METHODS: A cross section study was conducted among adults attending outpatient clinic in Dar es salaam and were having children below 18-years at home. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect their demographic information and their opinions regarding COVID-19 vaccine use in their children. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). Level of acceptance and other categorical variables were calculated in frequency and percentages while factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination in children were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. A type II error of less or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 320 participants were recruited in the study. Among these, 289 (90.3%) were females. Out of all participants, 124 (38.57%) were willing for their children to receive COVID-19 vaccines upon availability and recommendation by respective authorities. Confidence in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines (Adjusted Odd Ratio= 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01-0.13; p=0.02, and perceived importance of COVID-19 vaccine use in children (AOR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.1-0.84; p=0.02) were independent factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in children. CONCLUSION: The level of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for children in this study was low (38.57%), with uncertainty around vaccine safety being the major concern. Therefore, to increase COVID-19 vaccines acceptance and uptake in children, effective public communication supported by data on safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines should be emphasized.
{"title":"Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in Children among Adults attending Selected Health Facilities in Kinondoni Municipality; Dar es salaam, Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Nashon Mugobera, Leonard Malasa, Dharia Amour, Maulid Fataki, F. Rutachunzibwa, F. S. Kalabamu","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p13","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Safe and effective vaccines are crucial for controlling and containing COVID-19 pandemic. However, poor acceptance and hesitance to vaccinate limit effective utilization. In Tanzania, COVID-19 vaccines have been in use with adequate coverage in adults from 18-years old, however, the acceptability of their use in children is not well understood. This study was aimed at determining the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in children among adults in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: A cross section study was conducted among adults attending outpatient clinic in Dar es salaam and were having children below 18-years at home. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect their demographic information and their opinions regarding COVID-19 vaccine use in their children. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). Level of acceptance and other categorical variables were calculated in frequency and percentages while factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination in children were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. A type II error of less or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: A total of 320 participants were recruited in the study. Among these, 289 (90.3%) were females. Out of all participants, 124 (38.57%) were willing for their children to receive COVID-19 vaccines upon availability and recommendation by respective authorities. Confidence in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines (Adjusted Odd Ratio= 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01-0.13; p=0.02, and perceived importance of COVID-19 vaccine use in children (AOR=0.29; 95% CI: 0.1-0.84; p=0.02) were independent factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in children. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: The level of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for children in this study was low (38.57%), with uncertainty around vaccine safety being the major concern. Therefore, to increase COVID-19 vaccines acceptance and uptake in children, effective public communication supported by data on safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines should be emphasized. ","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Mukulukulu Etshumba, D. N. Bebe, Jacques Emina, Célestin Nsibu Ndosimao
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, the DRC is ones of countries with high infant and child mortality. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Public Health has set up a new program: ICCM at the level of Community Care Sites managed by non-health professionals who are provider CHWs to serve Health Areas with difficult access. Since its implementation, there have not yet been many studies that concretely describe the functionality of CCS. To contribute to the extension of CCC in other Rural Health Zones, we conducted a study in 3 RHZ by choosing the Realistic Evaluation Approach to analyze the functionality of CCS in the DRC. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which is essentially a case study. Data were collected at the CCS level in these 3 RHZ chosen after multistage random sampling by mixed method (qualitative, quantitative). We used the following techniques: documentary review, direct observation at the CCS level, an in-depth interview with registered nurses and members of the health Zone management team and a survey using quantitative questionnaire with provider CHWs. The conceptual model that we developed is inspired by realist evaluation with an emphasis on Mechanisms. The relationship between the dependent variable (CCS functionality) and the independent variables was proven using Odds Ratio and Multiple Logistic Regression. RESULTS: CCS functionality and provider CHW profile were measured through the standards enacted for CCS implantation. At the significance level (p=0.05) has been in place for 3 years or more increases by 7 times chance that it is functional (OR = 6.7; p = 0.000). Has household been located less than 5 km from CCS increases by 4 times chance that the CCS is functional (OR = 7.04; p = 0.034). Has provider CHW is regularly trained and supervised increases by 10 times chance that the CCS is functional (OR = 10.01; p = 0.031). If provider CHW participate in Community cell animation meetings (OR = 4.34; p = 0.009) and CCS Management is done by CCS Management team increase by 4 times chance that this CCS is functional (OR = 3.6; p = 0.002). Finally, if there is an initiative for funding CCS increases by 8 times CCS functionality (OR = 8.69; p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: CCS are functional in the 3 RHZs. Their organization, establishment and operation are directly linked to the provision of services to populations living mainly in health areas with difficult access, the availability of inputs of three ICCM-C diseases management, namely uncomplicated malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as building provider community health workers capacity to ensure their management. This study shows an effective contribution of provider CHWs on CCS functionality in health areas with difficult access.
{"title":"Profiles of Community Care Sites and provider Community Health Workers: A Case study at Gombe Matadi, Kenge and Kisantu Rural Health Zones in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"John Mukulukulu Etshumba, D. N. Bebe, Jacques Emina, Célestin Nsibu Ndosimao","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n4p1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, the DRC is ones of countries with high infant and child mortality. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Public Health has set up a new program: ICCM at the level of Community Care Sites managed by non-health professionals who are provider CHWs to serve Health Areas with difficult access. Since its implementation, there have not yet been many studies that concretely describe the functionality of CCS. To contribute to the extension of CCC in other Rural Health Zones, we conducted a study in 3 RHZ by choosing the Realistic Evaluation Approach to analyze the functionality of CCS in the DRC. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which is essentially a case study. Data were collected at the CCS level in these 3 RHZ chosen after multistage random sampling by mixed method (qualitative, quantitative). We used the following techniques: documentary review, direct observation at the CCS level, an in-depth interview with registered nurses and members of the health Zone management team and a survey using quantitative questionnaire with provider CHWs. The conceptual model that we developed is inspired by realist evaluation with an emphasis on Mechanisms. The relationship between the dependent variable (CCS functionality) and the independent variables was proven using Odds Ratio and Multiple Logistic Regression. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: CCS functionality and provider CHW profile were measured through the standards enacted for CCS implantation. At the significance level (p=0.05) has been in place for 3 years or more increases by 7 times chance that it is functional (OR = 6.7; p = 0.000). Has household been located less than 5 km from CCS increases by 4 times chance that the CCS is functional (OR = 7.04; p = 0.034). Has provider CHW is regularly trained and supervised increases by 10 times chance that the CCS is functional (OR = 10.01; p = 0.031). If provider CHW participate in Community cell animation meetings (OR = 4.34; p = 0.009) and CCS Management is done by CCS Management team increase by 4 times chance that this CCS is functional (OR = 3.6; p = 0.002). Finally, if there is an initiative for funding CCS increases by 8 times CCS functionality (OR = 8.69; p = 0.009). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: CCS are functional in the 3 RHZs. Their organization, establishment and operation are directly linked to the provision of services to populations living mainly in health areas with difficult access, the availability of inputs of three ICCM-C diseases management, namely uncomplicated malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as building provider community health workers capacity to ensure their management. This study shows an effective contribution of provider CHWs on CCS functionality in health areas with difficult access.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erick Amick, Farzana Sharmin, Sherri Bucher, Beverly W. Henry
More than one million Americans are estimated to participate in global health engagements (GHEs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) each year. A growing number of studies document perceptions of GHEs from the perspective of American and other high-income country (HIC) visitors traveling to LMICs, particularly regarding motivations and satisfaction relative to their participation in these activities. Far fewer studies examine perceptions of GHEs from the perspective of LMIC hosts and other local constituent groups. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze studies that examined local stakeholder perspectives of global health engagements in LMICs around the world. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed and Google Scholar using the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework. Assessment and analysis of articles was conducted by a team of three reviewers (EA, FS, SB). A total of 31 relevant papers published between 2009 and 2021 provided local perspectives of GHEs, with participants falling into three stakeholder categories: providers of care, recipients of care, and community members. Analysis revealed that stakeholder groups often held complex and highly nuanced perspectives of GHEs, perceiving these activities as having both positive and negative implications in the host communities. Synthesis of the eligible studies’ findings resulted in three thematic categories: resources and perceived benefits derived from GHEs; perceived challenges associated with GHEs; and opportunities for improvement of GHEs. To our knowledge, this scoping review is among the first to identify and collectively analyze LMIC stakeholder perceptions of GHEs. Recommendations for future research are provided.
{"title":"Low- and Middle-Income Country Perceptions of Global Health Engagements: A Scoping Review","authors":"Erick Amick, Farzana Sharmin, Sherri Bucher, Beverly W. Henry","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p35","url":null,"abstract":"More than one million Americans are estimated to participate in global health engagements (GHEs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) each year. A growing number of studies document perceptions of GHEs from the perspective of American and other high-income country (HIC) visitors traveling to LMICs, particularly regarding motivations and satisfaction relative to their participation in these activities. Far fewer studies examine perceptions of GHEs from the perspective of LMIC hosts and other local constituent groups. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze studies that examined local stakeholder perspectives of global health engagements in LMICs around the world. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed and Google Scholar using the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework. Assessment and analysis of articles was conducted by a team of three reviewers (EA, FS, SB). A total of 31 relevant papers published between 2009 and 2021 provided local perspectives of GHEs, with participants falling into three stakeholder categories: providers of care, recipients of care, and community members. Analysis revealed that stakeholder groups often held complex and highly nuanced perspectives of GHEs, perceiving these activities as having both positive and negative implications in the host communities. Synthesis of the eligible studies’ findings resulted in three thematic categories: resources and perceived benefits derived from GHEs; perceived challenges associated with GHEs; and opportunities for improvement of GHEs. To our knowledge, this scoping review is among the first to identify and collectively analyze LMIC stakeholder perceptions of GHEs. Recommendations for future research are provided.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 3.
全球健康科学杂志》第 16 卷第 3 期审稿人致谢。
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 3, 2024.","authors":"E. Grey","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p67","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 16, No. 3.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basem Abbas Ahmed Alubaidi, Abrar Khalid Ali AlAnsari, Dhabia Majed Saleh AlDoseri, Amina Ahmed Busaibea, Hessa Abdulrahman Aldoseri, Hasan Abduljabbar Yusuf Ahmed Husain
Depression stands out as the predominant risk factor among Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Depression and its association with drug adherence in T2DM patients are lacking in Bahrain. The current study aimed to examine the association depression in relation to drug adherence in T2DM in primary care centers in the Kingdom of Bahrain. This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 455 people with T2DM. Data on demographics, risk behavior, and diabetes details were noted. Measuring tools such as patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression severity, and General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) were used to assess medical adherence respectively. Categorical variables and continuous variables were presented in a frequency table and mean ± SD/ Median (Min, Max) respectively. The data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software. The statistical significance threshold was set at p=0.05. The study involved participants with an average age of 54.5 ± 11.5 (M±SD) years. The frequency of depression based on PHQ-9 and medical adherence as per GMAS among T2DM patients was 30.5% and 79.1% respectively. There was a significant association between the prevalence of depression and adherence (x2 =25.03; P=0.001). Age (r=-0.121; P= 0.010), education (r=-0.096; P=0.040), family income (r=-0.101; P=0.031), physical activity (r=-0.193; P=0.001), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.200; P=0.001) were significantly negatively correlated with PHQ – 9 scale. Likewise, age (r=-0.231; p=0.001), education (r=-0.123; p=0.008), nationality (r=-0.185; p=0.001), physical activity (r=-0.108; p=0.021), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.139; p=0.003) were significantly negatively correlated with the GMAS scale. Our findings suggest that medical adherence is linked to depression. Age, height, education, family income, physical activity, and self-rated diabetes control in the previous visit are all important factors that are correlated to depression and drug adherence.
{"title":"Depression, and Drug Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care in the Kingdom of Bahrain","authors":"Basem Abbas Ahmed Alubaidi, Abrar Khalid Ali AlAnsari, Dhabia Majed Saleh AlDoseri, Amina Ahmed Busaibea, Hessa Abdulrahman Aldoseri, Hasan Abduljabbar Yusuf Ahmed Husain","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p53","url":null,"abstract":"Depression stands out as the predominant risk factor among Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Depression and its association with drug adherence in T2DM patients are lacking in Bahrain. The current study aimed to examine the association depression in relation to drug adherence in T2DM in primary care centers in the Kingdom of Bahrain. This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 455 people with T2DM. Data on demographics, risk behavior, and diabetes details were noted. Measuring tools such as patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression severity, and General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) were used to assess medical adherence respectively. Categorical variables and continuous variables were presented in a frequency table and mean ± SD/ Median (Min, Max) respectively. The data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software. The statistical significance threshold was set at p=0.05. The study involved participants with an average age of 54.5 ± 11.5 (M±SD) years. The frequency of depression based on PHQ-9 and medical adherence as per GMAS among T2DM patients was 30.5% and 79.1% respectively. There was a significant association between the prevalence of depression and adherence (x2 =25.03; P=0.001). Age (r=-0.121; P= 0.010), education (r=-0.096; P=0.040), family income (r=-0.101; P=0.031), physical activity (r=-0.193; P=0.001), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.200; P=0.001) were significantly negatively correlated with PHQ – 9 scale. Likewise, age (r=-0.231; p=0.001), education (r=-0.123; p=0.008), nationality (r=-0.185; p=0.001), physical activity (r=-0.108; p=0.021), and self-rated diabetes control within the last visit (r=-0.139; p=0.003) were significantly negatively correlated with the GMAS scale. Our findings suggest that medical adherence is linked to depression. Age, height, education, family income, physical activity, and self-rated diabetes control in the previous visit are all important factors that are correlated to depression and drug adherence.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Developing nutritional awareness is paramount for school children as it significantly influences their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards nutrition, safeguarding them from deficiencies and malnutrition. Schools play a pivotal role in shaping children’s nutritional understanding, fostering positive attitudes, and cultivating healthy practices. Focusing on nutrition-related KAP can instill the right behaviors early on, paving the way for a healthier lifestyle. This approach not only enhances the well-being of children but also lays the foundation for a lifelong commitment to good nutrition, ensuring a healthier and more prosperous future. AIM/OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to compare the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) among male and female school children and assess association of school models/types with KAP in Halesi Tuwachung Municipality of Khotang district, Nepal. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey in the field site in Eastern Nepal involved 187 school children drawn from four distinct educational institutions, collectively encompassing students enrolled in grades 4, 5, and 6. The data collection utilized a purposive sampling method to enhance the relevance and specificity, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and validity of the research findings. RESULTS: The research findings indicated that private institutions, namely YouMe School and Halesi Pathshala (Note 1), displayed notably higher average knowledge scores than public schools such as Shree Mahendradaya Secondary School and Shree Durchhim Secondary School. Furthermore, it was observed that female school students exhibited lower knowledge scores than their male counterparts. Regarding attitudes, no significant disparities were identified between school types, but, on average, female students demonstrated lower attitudes than their male counterparts. Regarding practices, the study revealed that female students tended to exhibit lower levels than their male counterparts. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated notable differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) concerning nutrition among children enrolled in schools with diverse educational models or types. This research offered valuable insights into how the educational environment across different school settings could influence the nutritional KAP of young students.
{"title":"Glancing at School Nutrition Programs from the Perspective of Students: A Case Study of Primary Schools in Eastern Nepal","authors":"Dinesh Prasad Joshi Ratala, Sharaddha Rai, Aanchal Shrestha, Pratisha Joshi, Mahesh Sarki","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p7","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Developing nutritional awareness is paramount for school children as it significantly influences their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards nutrition, safeguarding them from deficiencies and malnutrition. Schools play a pivotal role in shaping children’s nutritional understanding, fostering positive attitudes, and cultivating healthy practices. Focusing on nutrition-related KAP can instill the right behaviors early on, paving the way for a healthier lifestyle. This approach not only enhances the well-being of children but also lays the foundation for a lifelong commitment to good nutrition, ensuring a healthier and more prosperous future. \u0000 \u0000AIM/OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to compare the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) among male and female school children and assess association of school models/types with KAP in Halesi Tuwachung Municipality of Khotang district, Nepal. \u0000 \u0000METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey in the field site in Eastern Nepal involved 187 school children drawn from four distinct educational institutions, collectively encompassing students enrolled in grades 4, 5, and 6. The data collection utilized a purposive sampling method to enhance the relevance and specificity, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and validity of the research findings. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: The research findings indicated that private institutions, namely YouMe School and Halesi Pathshala (Note 1), displayed notably higher average knowledge scores than public schools such as Shree Mahendradaya Secondary School and Shree Durchhim Secondary School. Furthermore, it was observed that female school students exhibited lower knowledge scores than their male counterparts. Regarding attitudes, no significant disparities were identified between school types, but, on average, female students demonstrated lower attitudes than their male counterparts. Regarding practices, the study revealed that female students tended to exhibit lower levels than their male counterparts. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated notable differences in Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) concerning nutrition among children enrolled in schools with diverse educational models or types. This research offered valuable insights into how the educational environment across different school settings could influence the nutritional KAP of young students.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140436399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the onset of blood flow, red blood cells (RBCs) align along the central plane of the vessels. In capillaries, RBCs transform from a biconcave disk into a parachute shape. As blood transitions from the arterial to the venous end, the hemoglobin in erythrocytes alters its magnetic susceptibility. Within approximately 0.6-0.8 seconds, oxygen is displaced from RBCs through diffusion. This study explores the fundamentals and interconnections of these processes. Blood samples from 35 different healthy individuals were analyzed. The research examined magnetic field induction in ferromagnetic toroids, formed by the alternative electric field with a square wave signal, and studied the AC in the secondary coil - a tube filled with blood. This study discusses the impact of RBC geometry and hemoglobin allosteric transitions on electric signal generation and its relevance to cellular metabolic activity in the body. The findings suggest that the AC field, originating from the heart's rotational dipole, can generate a magnetic field in RBCs, facilitating the allosteric transformations of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin's thermoelastic expansion and magnetostriction cause biconcave membrane oscillations at ultrasound frequencies. The resulting electroacoustic wave rotates charges at the cell's z-potential area, aids RBC migration into the flow plane, and enhances trans capillary diffusion of substances. An electroacoustic standing wave emerges between the oscillating RBCs, coinciding with the wavenumber of externally penetrating infrared light. The synergic influence on hemoglobin in capillaries causes the RBC membrane to create a temporally frequency-modulated wave, carrying resonance molecular frequencies. This wave regulates biochemical processes within and outside body cells.
血流开始时，红细胞（RBC）沿着血管的中心平面排列。在毛细血管中，红细胞从双凹盘状变成降落伞状。当血液从动脉端过渡到静脉端时，红细胞中的血红蛋白会改变其磁感应强度。在大约 0.6-0.8 秒内，氧气通过扩散从红细胞中转移。本研究探讨了这些过程的基本原理和相互联系。 研究分析了 35 位不同健康人的血液样本。研究考察了铁磁环状体中的磁场感应（由方波信号的替代电场形成），并研究了次级线圈中的交流电--一个充满血液的管子。这项研究讨论了红细胞几何形状和血红蛋白异生转换对电信号产生的影响及其与体内细胞代谢活动的相关性。 研究结果表明，源自心脏旋转偶极子的交流场可在红细胞中产生磁场，促进血红蛋白的异生转化。血红蛋白的热弹性膨胀和磁致伸缩会在超声频率下引起双凹膜振荡。由此产生的电声波使细胞 Z 电位区的电荷旋转，帮助红细胞迁移到流动平面，并增强物质的跨毛细管扩散。 振荡的红细胞之间会产生电声驻波，与外部穿透红外光的波长相吻合。对毛细血管中血红蛋白的协同影响使红细胞膜产生一种时间频率调制波，携带共振分子频率。这种波调节人体细胞内外的生化过程。
{"title":"Electromagnetism - Properties of Erythrocytes","authors":"M. Beraia, G. Beraia","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v16n3p16","url":null,"abstract":"At the onset of blood flow, red blood cells (RBCs) align along the central plane of the vessels. In capillaries, RBCs transform from a biconcave disk into a parachute shape. As blood transitions from the arterial to the venous end, the hemoglobin in erythrocytes alters its magnetic susceptibility. Within approximately 0.6-0.8 seconds, oxygen is displaced from RBCs through diffusion. This study explores the fundamentals and interconnections of these processes. \u0000 \u0000Blood samples from 35 different healthy individuals were analyzed. The research examined magnetic field induction in ferromagnetic toroids, formed by the alternative electric field with a square wave signal, and studied the AC in the secondary coil - a tube filled with blood. This study discusses the impact of RBC geometry and hemoglobin allosteric transitions on electric signal generation and its relevance to cellular metabolic activity in the body. \u0000 \u0000The findings suggest that the AC field, originating from the heart's rotational dipole, can generate a magnetic field in RBCs, facilitating the allosteric transformations of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin's thermoelastic expansion and magnetostriction cause biconcave membrane oscillations at ultrasound frequencies. The resulting electroacoustic wave rotates charges at the cell's z-potential area, aids RBC migration into the flow plane, and enhances trans capillary diffusion of substances. \u0000 \u0000An electroacoustic standing wave emerges between the oscillating RBCs, coinciding with the wavenumber of externally penetrating infrared light. The synergic influence on hemoglobin in capillaries causes the RBC membrane to create a temporally frequency-modulated wave, carrying resonance molecular frequencies. This wave regulates biochemical processes within and outside body cells.","PeriodicalId":101408,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of health science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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