Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560585
H. Amano, T. Irioue
In longitudinal power systems, the transient stability could be restricted by not an unstable equilibrium point but an unstable limit cycle due to auto-parametric resonance. In such a case, it is important to find the unstable limit cycle. However, there has been no systematic method to find it as far as the authors know. This paper presents a systematic method to find the unstable limit cycle that anchors the transient boundary using normal form analysis. The approximated amplitude of the limit cycle can be obtained by the proposed method. The method can consider the auto-parametric resonance. The numerical results of a longitudinal power system confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Normal form analysis of auto-parametric resonance in longitudinal power system","authors":"H. Amano, T. Irioue","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560585","url":null,"abstract":"In longitudinal power systems, the transient stability could be restricted by not an unstable equilibrium point but an unstable limit cycle due to auto-parametric resonance. In such a case, it is important to find the unstable limit cycle. However, there has been no systematic method to find it as far as the authors know. This paper presents a systematic method to find the unstable limit cycle that anchors the transient boundary using normal form analysis. The approximated amplitude of the limit cycle can be obtained by the proposed method. The method can consider the auto-parametric resonance. The numerical results of a longitudinal power system confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124609850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560524
Juan J. Jimenez-Nunftez, Jose R. Cedeilo-Maldonado
This paper presents a particle swarm optimization approach for solving the reactive power dispatch problem. The reactive power dispatch problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem with continuous and discrete variables. The objective of the formulation is to minimize the transmission real power losses by controlling the voltages magnitudes at PV buses, the transformers taps settings and the adjustable capacitor banks capacity while satisfying the operating constraints of the system. The proposed method has been tested on the IEEE 30 bus test system. The results obtained show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.
{"title":"A particle swarm optimization approach for reactive power dispatch","authors":"Juan J. Jimenez-Nunftez, Jose R. Cedeilo-Maldonado","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560524","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a particle swarm optimization approach for solving the reactive power dispatch problem. The reactive power dispatch problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem with continuous and discrete variables. The objective of the formulation is to minimize the transmission real power losses by controlling the voltages magnitudes at PV buses, the transformers taps settings and the adjustable capacitor banks capacity while satisfying the operating constraints of the system. The proposed method has been tested on the IEEE 30 bus test system. The results obtained show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121993685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560534
Li-Cheng Wu, Chih-Wen Liu, Ching-Shan Chen
This paper describes modelling and testing of a digital distance relay for transmission line protection using MATLAB/SIMULINK. SIMULINK's power system blockset (PSB) is used for detailed modelling of a power system network and fault simulation. MATLAB is used to implement programs of digital distance relaying algorithms and to serve as main software environment. The technique is an interactive simulation environment for relaying algorithm design and evaluation. The basic principles of a digital distance relay and some related filtering techniques are also described in this paper. A 345 kV, 100 km transmission line and a MHO type distance relay are selected as examples for fault simulation and relay testing. Some simulation results are given.
{"title":"Modeling and testing of a digital distance relay MATLAB/SIMULINK","authors":"Li-Cheng Wu, Chih-Wen Liu, Ching-Shan Chen","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560534","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes modelling and testing of a digital distance relay for transmission line protection using MATLAB/SIMULINK. SIMULINK's power system blockset (PSB) is used for detailed modelling of a power system network and fault simulation. MATLAB is used to implement programs of digital distance relaying algorithms and to serve as main software environment. The technique is an interactive simulation environment for relaying algorithm design and evaluation. The basic principles of a digital distance relay and some related filtering techniques are also described in this paper. A 345 kV, 100 km transmission line and a MHO type distance relay are selected as examples for fault simulation and relay testing. Some simulation results are given.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128084328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560518
M. S. Racine, James D. Parham, Muhammad H. Rashid
An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can range from a 9 volt battery all the way to an extremely large and costly battery system. The UPS sits between a power supply such as a wall outlet and a device like a computer to prevent undesired features that can occur within the power source such as outages, sags, surges, and bad harmonics from the supply to avoid a negative impact on the device. There are several types of UPSes as they strictly relate to computers. The standby UPS is a battery backup to fill in the void of power loss, while the ferroresonant stand by couples the battery back up with the power supply by a transformer, where the transformer acts as a buffer from the power supply to the stand by supply. The line interactive UPS uses an inverter converter only, with a power supply the stand by battery is charged up, and with a loss of the primary power supply, the inverter converter switches over to the battery back up with a much quicker switching time that the stand by UPS.
{"title":"An overview of uninterruptible power supplies","authors":"M. S. Racine, James D. Parham, Muhammad H. Rashid","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560518","url":null,"abstract":"An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can range from a 9 volt battery all the way to an extremely large and costly battery system. The UPS sits between a power supply such as a wall outlet and a device like a computer to prevent undesired features that can occur within the power source such as outages, sags, surges, and bad harmonics from the supply to avoid a negative impact on the device. There are several types of UPSes as they strictly relate to computers. The standby UPS is a battery backup to fill in the void of power loss, while the ferroresonant stand by couples the battery back up with the power supply by a transformer, where the transformer acts as a buffer from the power supply to the stand by supply. The line interactive UPS uses an inverter converter only, with a power supply the stand by battery is charged up, and with a loss of the primary power supply, the inverter converter switches over to the battery back up with a much quicker switching time that the stand by UPS.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128226494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560532
Haigang Wu, R. Dougal
This paper presents an approach of implementing the dynamic multi-resolution power super capacitor model in the virtual test bed (VTB), a platform for complex system simulation and prototyping. The new model is an extension of the multi-order RLC circuit models and has the ability of switching between different orders dynamically during simulation. The higher-order model has better fidelity, however, its complicated representation and convergence-required smaller time step plague the speed. Unlike some traditional methods, neither the system state space equations nor the local integration error is required to determine the simulation order; instead, the model output derivative is employed here to trigger the switch. Energy conservation law is applied to guarantee the consistency of the switch. The model is validated by its application in the simulation of an electric vehicle system; the results show that the total simulation execution time can be reduced by sixty percent, with less than one percent accuracy loss.
{"title":"Dynamic multi-resolution modeling of power super capacitor","authors":"Haigang Wu, R. Dougal","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560532","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach of implementing the dynamic multi-resolution power super capacitor model in the virtual test bed (VTB), a platform for complex system simulation and prototyping. The new model is an extension of the multi-order RLC circuit models and has the ability of switching between different orders dynamically during simulation. The higher-order model has better fidelity, however, its complicated representation and convergence-required smaller time step plague the speed. Unlike some traditional methods, neither the system state space equations nor the local integration error is required to determine the simulation order; instead, the model output derivative is employed here to trigger the switch. Energy conservation law is applied to guarantee the consistency of the switch. The model is validated by its application in the simulation of an electric vehicle system; the results show that the total simulation execution time can be reduced by sixty percent, with less than one percent accuracy loss.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132398799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560522
Raul E. Perez-Guerrero, Jose R. Cedenio-Maldonado
This paper presents the solution of economic dispatch problems that feature non-smooth cost functions by means of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. This technique is particularly useful for optimization problems with non-convex, discontinuous, and non-differentiable solution spaces. The non-smooth cost functions arise in economic dispatch studies due to valve point loading effects, prohibited operating zones, and fuel switching effects. The proposed DE-based economic dispatch solution methodology was validated and tested using various test systems available in the literature. The results obtained demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method for solving economic dispatch problems with non-smooth cost functions.
{"title":"Economic power dispatch with non-smooth cost functions using differential evolution","authors":"Raul E. Perez-Guerrero, Jose R. Cedenio-Maldonado","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560522","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the solution of economic dispatch problems that feature non-smooth cost functions by means of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. This technique is particularly useful for optimization problems with non-convex, discontinuous, and non-differentiable solution spaces. The non-smooth cost functions arise in economic dispatch studies due to valve point loading effects, prohibited operating zones, and fuel switching effects. The proposed DE-based economic dispatch solution methodology was validated and tested using various test systems available in the literature. The results obtained demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method for solving economic dispatch problems with non-smooth cost functions.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132764537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560530
S. Mohagheghi, G. Stefopoulos, M. Parniani
Electric networks often consist of remote cities or villages with low population densities, which consume a considerably small amount of energy. This can be in the order of a few megawatts for places that are up to 100 km away from the source. Typical uncompensated primary distribution lines are not an effective option for these situations, since line loadability drastically decreases as the line length is increased. Increasing the voltage level, on the other hand, is not cost effective. This paper investigates different reactive compensation techniques for increasing the loadability of these lines. Effect of series capacitors, shunt capacitors and voltage regulating transformers in such systems, as separate or combined configurations, have been analyzed and compared.
{"title":"Reactive compensation techniques for increasing loadability of long primary distribution lines","authors":"S. Mohagheghi, G. Stefopoulos, M. Parniani","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560530","url":null,"abstract":"Electric networks often consist of remote cities or villages with low population densities, which consume a considerably small amount of energy. This can be in the order of a few megawatts for places that are up to 100 km away from the source. Typical uncompensated primary distribution lines are not an effective option for these situations, since line loadability drastically decreases as the line length is increased. Increasing the voltage level, on the other hand, is not cost effective. This paper investigates different reactive compensation techniques for increasing the loadability of these lines. Effect of series capacitors, shunt capacitors and voltage regulating transformers in such systems, as separate or combined configurations, have been analyzed and compared.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117184876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560580
A. Medina, F. Martínez-Cárdenas
Modern digital protection systems incorporate functions that were not possible to implement on traditional electro-mechanical relays, or were not implemented on many commercial static, and even early digital relays. An example is negative sequence detection and the resulting relay operation. Most of the current literature, even when it mentions the use of the negative sequence component to detect unbalanced conditions, does not go deep into the analysis of its characteristics and advantages over phase quantities, and hardly present practical studies. This contribution presents the results of some tests carried-out on a new type digital relay, where negative sequence response is compared with phase response under unbalanced conditions. The impact of the harmonic distortion is in addition evaluated.
{"title":"Experimental studies on digital protection systems under unbalanced and non sinusoidal conditions","authors":"A. Medina, F. Martínez-Cárdenas","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560580","url":null,"abstract":"Modern digital protection systems incorporate functions that were not possible to implement on traditional electro-mechanical relays, or were not implemented on many commercial static, and even early digital relays. An example is negative sequence detection and the resulting relay operation. Most of the current literature, even when it mentions the use of the negative sequence component to detect unbalanced conditions, does not go deep into the analysis of its characteristics and advantages over phase quantities, and hardly present practical studies. This contribution presents the results of some tests carried-out on a new type digital relay, where negative sequence response is compared with phase response under unbalanced conditions. The impact of the harmonic distortion is in addition evaluated.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125557762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560540
B. Porkar, M. Vakilian, R. Feuillet, M. Ghassemi, A. Akhavan
Network equivalents can be used to represent parts of a power system to reduce the complexity and the computation time during the simulation of electromagnetic transients. The goal is to simplify the representation while preserving the accuracy of transients in the remainder. In this work a method is developed for construction of single and multi-port frequency dependent network equivalent (FNDE). In this equivalent model the input admittance matrix is approximated by a rational function in the frequency domain. This method is developed for both single and multi phase systems. Several examples showing the accuracy and efficiency of the developed FDNE is presented.
{"title":"Multi-port frequency-dependent network equivalent for electromagnetic transient studies","authors":"B. Porkar, M. Vakilian, R. Feuillet, M. Ghassemi, A. Akhavan","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560540","url":null,"abstract":"Network equivalents can be used to represent parts of a power system to reduce the complexity and the computation time during the simulation of electromagnetic transients. The goal is to simplify the representation while preserving the accuracy of transients in the remainder. In this work a method is developed for construction of single and multi-port frequency dependent network equivalent (FNDE). In this equivalent model the input admittance matrix is approximated by a rational function in the frequency domain. This method is developed for both single and multi phase systems. Several examples showing the accuracy and efficiency of the developed FDNE is presented.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-12-19DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560570
J. Stahlhut, F. Gao, K. Hedman, B. Westendorf, G. Heydt, P. Sauer, G. Sheblé
This paper presents results of a collaborative project on the subject of uncertain power flows in transmission expansion planning. The project includes the examination of the impact of uncertainty on available transfer capability and on financial income from transmission tariffs. Monte Carlo solutions are compared with analytical solutions using the IEEE 14-bus system with scaled versions of actual recorded load variation over one year.
{"title":"Uncertain power flows and transmission expansion planning","authors":"J. Stahlhut, F. Gao, K. Hedman, B. Westendorf, G. Heydt, P. Sauer, G. Sheblé","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2005.1560570","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results of a collaborative project on the subject of uncertain power flows in transmission expansion planning. The project includes the examination of the impact of uncertainty on available transfer capability and on financial income from transmission tariffs. Monte Carlo solutions are compared with analytical solutions using the IEEE 14-bus system with scaled versions of actual recorded load variation over one year.","PeriodicalId":101495,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123201342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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