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2013 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops)最新文献

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A lane-level dynamic traffic control system for driving efficiency optimization based on vehicular networks 基于车辆网络的行车效率优化的车道级动态交通控制系统
Lien-Wu Chen, Chia-Chen Chang, Pranay Sharma, Jen-Hsiang Cheng, Chien-Cheng Wu, Y. Tseng
In this paper, we propose a lane-level dynamic traffic control (LDTC) system targeting at driving efficiency optimization. The LDTC system integrates vehicular networks with intersection cameras to collect fine-grained information of vehicles, such as turning intentions and lane positions. LDTC can maximize the intersection throughput and provide fairness among traffic flows. With vehicular networks, the traffic controller of an intersection can collect all turning information before vehicles make their turns. With intersection cameras, the lane positions of vehicles can be detected even if GPS is not accurate enough to provide lane localization. In addition, the traffic condition can be continually monitored as some vehicles are not equipped with onboard units for vehicular communications. In LDTC, while allocating the green light to the traffic flows with higher passing rates for throughput maximization, it also allocates the green light to the ones with lower passing rates for fairness provision. This paper demonstrates our current prototype.
本文提出了一种以驾驶效率优化为目标的车道级动态交通控制系统。LDTC系统将车辆网络与路口摄像头集成在一起,收集车辆的细粒度信息,如转向意图和车道位置。LDTC可以最大限度地提高交叉口吞吐量,保证交通流之间的公平性。在车辆网络中,交叉口的交通控制器可以在车辆转弯前收集所有转弯信息。使用路口摄像头,即使GPS不够精确,无法提供车道定位,也可以检测到车辆的车道位置。此外,由于一些车辆没有配备车载通信装置,因此可以持续监控交通状况。在LDTC中,为了实现吞吐量最大化,在为通过率高的交通流分配绿灯的同时,也为通过率低的交通流分配绿灯,以保证公平性。本文展示了我们目前的原型。
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引用次数: 3
Let's collide to localize: Achieving indoor localization with packet collisions Let’s collision to localization:利用分组碰撞实现室内定位
Joost van Velzen, Marco Zúñiga
A large fraction of indoor localization methods rely on anchor nodes that periodically transmit their coordinates using radio signals. Mobile nodes then use the received information to decode their own locations. For all these methods to work, the underlying assumption is that anchors should send their beacons at different times, i.e. the beacons should not collide. We propose a radically new approach for indoor localization: to overlap the transmissions of beacons (synchronized collisions). Our collision-based method leverages the capture effect, which states that when several radio signals collide, only the strongest (nearest) signal is detected. Compared to the state of the art, our simple change of perspective -from non-colliding to colliding beacons- provides two important advantages. First, the lifetime of the mobile nodes can be increased by three orders of magnitude (from days to years). Second, our method is more resilient to external interfering sources, such as WiFi stations. In this work-in-progress, we (i) provide a preliminary evaluation of our prototype, and (ii) describe the challenges that we are currently working on to produce a fully-fleshed commercial system. While indoor localization is a very active research area, to the best of our knowledge, we are the first ones to evaluate a collision-based approach.
大部分室内定位方法依赖于锚节点,锚节点使用无线电信号周期性地传输其坐标。然后移动节点使用接收到的信息来解码自己的位置。对于所有这些方法的工作,潜在的假设是锚应该在不同的时间发送信标,即信标不应该碰撞。我们提出了一种全新的室内定位方法:重叠信标传输(同步碰撞)。我们基于碰撞的方法利用捕获效应,即当几个无线电信号碰撞时,只检测到最强(最近)的信号。与目前的技术水平相比,我们简单的视角变化——从非碰撞到碰撞信标——提供了两个重要的优势。首先,移动节点的寿命可以增加三个数量级(从几天到几年)。其次,我们的方法对外部干扰源(如WiFi站)的抵御能力更强。在这项正在进行的工作中,我们(i)提供了我们的原型的初步评估,(ii)描述了我们目前正在努力生产一个完整的商业系统的挑战。虽然室内定位是一个非常活跃的研究领域,但据我们所知,我们是第一个评估基于碰撞的方法的人。
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引用次数: 7
Collaborative opportunistic network coding for persistent data stream in disruptive sensor networks 破坏性传感器网络中持久数据流的协作机会网络编码
Mingsen Xu
In an energy-harvesting sensor network for perpetual lifetime, the operation of sensor nodes are synchronized with the energy fluctuations, causing the network connectivity to be disruptive and unstable. The unpredictable network disruptions and challenging communication environments make the traditional communication protocols inefficient and require a new paradigm-shift in design. In this thesis, we address several issues in collaborative data collection and storage in disruptive sensor networks. Our solutions are based on erasure codes and probabilistic network coding operations. The proposed set of algorithms improve data throughput and persistency because they are inherently amenable to probabilistic nature of transmission in wireless networks. Our contributions consist of five parts. First, we propose a collaborative data delivery protocol to exploit multiple energy-synchronized paths based on a new max-flow min-variance algorithm. In consort with this data delivery protocol, a localized TDMA MAC protocol is designed to synchronize nodes' duty-cycles and mitigate media access contentions. Second, we present Opportunistic Network Erasure Coding protocol, to collaboratively collect data in dynamic disruptive networks. ONEC derives the probability distribution of coding degree in each node and enable opportunistic in-network recoding, and guarantee the recovery of original sensor data can be achieved with high probability upon receiving any sufficient amount of encoded packets. Third, we present OnCode, an opportunistic in-network data coding and delivery protocol that provides good quality of services of data delivery under the constraints of energy synchronization. It is resilient to packet loss and network disruptions, and does not require any end-to-end feedback message. Fourth, we present a network Erasure Coding with randomized Power Control (ECPC) mechanism for data persistence in disruptive sensor networks, which only requires each node to perform a single broadcast at each of its several randomly selected power levels. Thus it incurs low communication overhead. Finally, we study an integrated algorithm and protocol middleware to preserve data persistency with heterogeneous disruption probabilities across the network.
在永久寿命的能量收集传感器网络中,传感器节点的运行与能量波动同步,导致网络连接具有破坏性和不稳定性。不可预测的网络中断和具有挑战性的通信环境使得传统的通信协议效率低下,需要在设计上进行新的范式转变。在本文中,我们讨论了在破坏性传感器网络中协作数据收集和存储的几个问题。我们的解决方案是基于擦除码和概率网络编码操作。所提出的算法集由于固有地适应无线网络传输的概率性质,提高了数据吞吐量和持久性。我们的贡献包括五个部分。首先,我们提出了一种基于新的最大流最小方差算法的协同数据传输协议,以利用多个能量同步路径。为了配合该数据传输协议,设计了一个本地化的TDMA MAC协议来同步节点的占空比并减轻媒体访问争用。其次,我们提出机会网络擦除编码协议,在动态中断网络中协同收集数据。ONEC推导出编码度在各节点的概率分布,并在网络内进行机会性的重新编码,保证在接收到足够数量的编码数据包后,传感器原始数据能够以高概率恢复。第三,我们提出了一种机会性的网络内数据编码和传输协议OnCode,该协议在能量同步约束下提供了高质量的数据传输服务。它对数据包丢失和网络中断具有弹性,并且不需要任何端到端反馈消息。第四,我们提出了一种具有随机功率控制(ECPC)机制的网络Erasure编码,用于中断传感器网络中的数据持久性,该机制只要求每个节点在其随机选择的几个功率水平中的每一个上执行单个广播。因此,它产生了较低的通信开销。最后,我们研究了一种集成的算法和协议中间件,以保持跨网络异构中断概率下的数据持久性。
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引用次数: 3
Supporting generic context-aware applications for mobile devices 支持用于移动设备的通用上下文感知应用程序
Ralph Löwe, P. Mandl, M. Weber
Most of the advances in the field of context-aware middleware center on the research of the components necessary to create one. Although this is vital and gives important insights, it does not immediately enable us to build context-aware applications more easily. Too few projects reach the state of a usable software product. In this paper we describe an approach to separate the building of context-aware applications from the middleware. The centerpiece is an interface to independently define a context-aware application and its state. Additionally we provide a coarse protocol definition for the communication between the instances of a context-aware middleware by the example of a client/server system for mobile devices.
上下文感知中间件领域的大多数进展都集中在对创建上下文感知中间件所需组件的研究上。尽管这是至关重要的,并提供了重要的见解,但它并不能立即使我们更容易地构建上下文感知的应用程序。很少有项目达到可用软件产品的状态。在本文中,我们描述了一种将上下文感知应用程序的构建与中间件分离的方法。核心是一个接口,用于独立定义上下文感知应用程序及其状态。此外,我们通过移动设备的客户机/服务器系统示例,为上下文感知中间件实例之间的通信提供了一个粗略的协议定义。
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引用次数: 4
Resource control for cognitive multi-hop network in traffic cross environment 流量交叉环境下认知多跳网络的资源控制
Shuta Kako, T. Fujii, O. Takyu
In this paper, we have proposed secondary user (SU) resource assignment algorithm for a multi-hop cognitive radio network to improve end-to-end latency. In the multihop networks for spectrum sharing, a traffic-cross, in which multiple flows are crossed each other, degrades the throughput due to appearing high traffic and shortage resource area. However each SU has to protect the flow of primary users (PU). To overcome this problem, we have set the PU acceptable received power which is decided by the acknowledgment (ACK) power from PU receiver to each SU user. From this information, we analyzed the performance of the proposed algorithm to minimize the end-to-end delay of SU multi-hop flow considering PU acceptable interference power by optimizing SU transmit power, where Lagrangian duality based technique has been utilized to solve the optimization problem and effective allocate the power for each SU users.
本文提出了一种多跳认知无线网络的辅助用户资源分配算法,以改善端到端延迟。在频谱共享的多跳网络中,由于多个流相互交叉,导致流量大,资源面积不足,从而降低了吞吐量。但是,每个SU都必须保护主用户(PU)的流。为了克服这个问题,我们设置了PU可接受的接收功率,该功率由PU接收器向每个SU用户的确认(ACK)功率决定。在此基础上,通过优化SU发射功率,分析了该算法在考虑PU可接受的干扰功率的情况下最小化SU多跳流端到端延迟的性能,并利用基于拉格朗日对偶的技术解决了优化问题,有效地为每个SU用户分配了功率。
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引用次数: 0
An architecture for synchronous micro-volunteering in Africa using social media 一个利用社交媒体在非洲进行同步微志愿服务的架构
L. Butgereit, R. Botha
Micro-Volunteering is the phenomenon of volunteering one's time and energy for extremely short periods of time. It is often considered a subset of Virtual Volunteering where one can volunteer one's time and energy via the Internet. There are many successful examples of Virtual Volunteering such as the Gutenberg project and the Librivox project. However, in both these cases, a volunteer must donate a substantial amount of his or her time in activities such as reading books or proofreading books. This paper examines the concept of synchronous micro-volunteering where potential volunteers can effectively donate as little as 10 minutes of their time and immediately assist other people. The paper then describes the architecture which supports synchronous micro-volunteering.
微志愿是指在极短的时间内奉献自己的时间和精力的现象。它通常被认为是虚拟志愿服务的一个子集,人们可以通过互联网志愿提供自己的时间和精力。虚拟志愿服务有很多成功的例子,比如古腾堡计划和Librivox计划。然而,在这两种情况下,志愿者都必须在读书或校对书籍等活动中贡献大量的时间。本文研究了同步微志愿的概念,潜在的志愿者可以有效地捐赠10分钟的时间,并立即帮助其他人。然后介绍了支持同步微志愿服务的体系结构。
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引用次数: 2
Enhanced DNS message compression - Optimizing mDNS/DNS-SD for the use in 6LoWPANs 增强的DNS消息压缩-优化mDNS/DNS- sd在6lowpan中的使用
R. Klauck, M. Kirsche
With the integration of smart objects into the Internet with the help of tiny IP stacks, a direct connection between these objects and ordinary computational devices can be realized at the IP layer. As IP alone cannot ensure an automatic integration at the higher layers, an homogeneous access via services (e.g., discovery, self-configuration) for the Internet of Things vision should be provided for all connected device types. Multicast DNS and DNS Service Discovery are established and widely used standards in current IP-based networks to enable the discovery of devices and services at the application layer with DNS messages. To comply with the current Internet infrastructure, the lightweight implementation uBonjour makes mDNS and DNS-SD available on smart objects. As DNS does not meet the requirements of low data rate smart object networks, we propose to extend DNS with enhanced message compression mechanisms to effectively reduce the number of exchanged IP packets in 6LoWPANs while ensuring backward compatibility.
通过微小的IP栈将智能对象集成到互联网中,可以在IP层实现这些对象与普通计算设备之间的直接连接。由于IP本身不能确保在较高层实现自动集成,因此应该为所有连接的设备类型提供通过服务(例如,发现、自配置)实现物联网愿景的同构访问。组播DNS和DNS服务发现是当前基于ip的网络中建立和广泛使用的标准,可以通过DNS消息发现应用层的设备和服务。为了符合当前的互联网基础设施,轻量级实现uBonjour使mDNS和DNS-SD在智能对象上可用。由于DNS不能满足低数据速率智能对象网络的要求,我们提出对DNS进行扩展,增强消息压缩机制,在保证向后兼容的同时有效减少6lowpan中交换的IP数据包数量。
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引用次数: 22
System-level approach to the design of collaborative distributed systems based on wireless sensor and actuator networks 基于无线传感器和执行器网络的协同分布式系统设计的系统级方法
Udayanto Dwi Atmojo, Z. Salcic, K. Wang
Wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN) have become pervasive and are found in many embedded and intelligent systems. However, the complexity of applications based on WSANs is limited due to the lack of programming tools for this type of networks. In this paper, we show how a concurrent programming language, SystemJ, is used to develop a middleware-free distributed system that consists of a combination of stationary and mobile WSAN nodes. A distributed Ambient Intelligence (AmI) monitoring and control scenario that consists of collaborating stationary and mobile WSAN nodes with high degree of reactivity is presented. The system is designed and implemented using SystemJ to demonstrate the proposed system-level design approach. SystemJ is designed specifically to handle reactive and concurrent behaviors while providing modular and scalable methodology for distributed system composition. In addition, SystemJ removes the need for a middleware and allows system designers to focus on implementing system functionality rather than to deal with the low level programming details.
无线传感器和执行器网络(WSAN)已经普及到许多嵌入式和智能系统中。然而,由于缺乏针对这类网络的编程工具,基于wsan的应用程序的复杂性受到限制。在本文中,我们展示了如何使用并发编程语言SystemJ来开发由固定和移动WSAN节点组合组成的无中间件分布式系统。提出了一种由高度响应性的固定和移动WSAN节点协作组成的分布式环境智能监控场景。系统的设计和实现使用SystemJ来演示所提出的系统级设计方法。SystemJ是专门为处理响应性和并发行为而设计的,同时为分布式系统组合提供模块化和可伸缩的方法。此外,SystemJ消除了对中间件的需求,并允许系统设计人员专注于实现系统功能,而不是处理低级编程细节。
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引用次数: 12
Exploring social context from buzz marketing site - Community mapping based on tree edit distance - 从buzz营销网站探索社会语境——基于树编辑距离的社区映射
Shoichi Higuchi, T. Kuboyama, T. Hashimoto, K. Hirata
In this paper, we design a new method to explore the social context as a community mapping from a buzz marketing site. In this method, after extracting significant topical terms from messages in buzz marketing sites, first we construct a snapshot co-occurrence network at each time stamp. Next, we organize topic hierarchical structures from each co-occurrence network by using the modularity. Then, we explore a community mapping as an LCA-preserving mapping between topic hierarchical structures and a topic mapping as a correspondence in a community mapping. Hence, we can extract a topic transition as topic mappings for the same topic. Finally, we give experimental results related to the East Japan Great Earthquake in the buzz marketing site.
在本文中,我们设计了一种新的方法来探索社会语境作为社区映射从一个嗡嗡声营销网站。在该方法中,在从buzz营销站点的消息中提取重要的主题术语后,首先在每个时间戳构建快照共现网络。其次,我们利用模块化的方法,从每个共现网络中组织主题层次结构。然后,我们探讨了作为主题层次结构之间保持lca的映射的社区映射和作为社区映射中的对应关系的主题映射。因此,我们可以将主题转换提取为同一主题的主题映射。最后,给出了与东日本大地震相关的蜂鸣式营销网站的实验结果。
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引用次数: 4
Energy efficient proximity alert on Android Android上的节能接近警报
Muhammed Fatih Bulut, M. Demirbas
The proximity alert service on Android is important as an enabler of ubiquitous location-based services, however, it is also limited in this role due to its excessive energy expenditure. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of an energy-efficient proximity alert service for Android. Our method utilizes the distance to the point of interest and the user's transportation mode in order to dynamically determine the location-sensing interval and the location providers (GPS, GSM, or Wi-Fi) to be used. We implement our method as a middleware service in the Android open source project. Our service, for a realistic scenario, reduces GPS usage by 96.66% and increases battery life time by 75.71% compared to the baseline proximity alert in Android.
Android上的邻近警报服务作为无处不在的基于位置的服务的推手是很重要的,但是由于它过多的能量消耗,它在这个角色上也受到了限制。在本文中,我们提出了一个节能的接近警报服务的设计和实现。我们的方法利用到感兴趣点的距离和用户的交通方式来动态确定位置感知间隔和要使用的位置提供商(GPS, GSM或Wi-Fi)。我们在Android开源项目中将我们的方法实现为中间件服务。我们的服务,在一个现实的场景中,与Android的基线接近警报相比,减少了96.66%的GPS使用,增加了75.71%的电池寿命。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
2013 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops)
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