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2013 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops)最新文献

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Situation recognition for service management systems using OWL 2 reasoners 基于owl2推理器的服务管理系统态势识别
W. Dargie, Eldora, Julian Alfredo Mendez, Christoph Möbius, K. Rybina, Veronika Thost, Anni-Yasmin Turhan
For service management systems the early recognition of situations that necessitate a rebinding or a migration of services is an important task. To describe these situations on differing levels of detail and to allow their recognition even if only incomplete information is available, we employ the ontology language OWL 2 and the reasoning services defined for it. In this paper we provide a case study on the performance of state of the art OWL 2 reasoning systems for answering class queries and conjunctive queries modeling the relevant situations for service rebinding or migration in the differing OWL 2 profiles.
对于服务管理系统来说,早期识别需要重新绑定或迁移服务的情况是一项重要的任务。为了在不同的细节级别上描述这些情况,并且即使只有不完整的信息可用,也允许对它们进行识别,我们使用本体语言owl2和为此定义的推理服务。在本文中,我们提供了一个关于最新owl2推理系统性能的案例研究,该系统用于回答类查询和连接查询,并对不同owl2配置文件中服务重新绑定或迁移的相关情况进行建模。
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引用次数: 13
A framework to support intelligibility in pervasive applications 支持普及应用程序的可理解性的框架
John Fong, J. Indulska, R. Robinson
Adaptations of context-aware applications do not always result in behaviours that users expect, due to imperfect sensing of context information and variability in human preferences, etc. This can negatively impact the user experience of applications and compromise the trust users have in them. In order to gain user acceptance it is critical for applications to support intelligibility, so they are capable of justifying their adaptive actions and explaining the decision process of adaptations to their users. Based on these intelligible explanations, users should be able to modify application settings/thresholds to correct any undesirable behaviour. This paper presents a model-based developmental framework that supports intelligibility and user control of context-aware applications. It identifies and exposes the internal middleware models which influence adaptation decisions, and facilitates generations of explanations regarding evaluations of the models. These middleware models include preference models defined using Defeasible Logic, situation abstractions specified using Hidden Markov Models and First Order Logic, and context models developed using Context Modelling Language. The framework also takes into account users' expertise in technology when providing explanations and control to application behaviours.
由于对上下文信息的感知不完善以及人类偏好的可变性等原因,上下文感知应用程序的适应并不总是导致用户期望的行为。这可能会对应用程序的用户体验产生负面影响,并损害用户对应用程序的信任。为了获得用户接受,应用程序支持可理解性是至关重要的,这样它们就能够证明它们的自适应行为,并向用户解释适应性的决策过程。基于这些可理解的解释,用户应该能够修改应用程序设置/阈值以纠正任何不良行为。本文提出了一个基于模型的开发框架,支持上下文感知应用程序的可理解性和用户控制。它识别并公开影响适应性决策的内部中间件模型,并促进了关于模型评估的几代解释。这些中间件模型包括使用可废止逻辑定义的偏好模型,使用隐马尔可夫模型和一阶逻辑指定的情景抽象,以及使用上下文建模语言开发的上下文模型。在为应用程序行为提供解释和控制时,该框架还考虑了用户在技术方面的专业知识。
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引用次数: 3
Fingerprinting temporal networks of close-range human proximity 指纹识别人类近距离接触的时间网络
A. Panisson, L. Gauvin, A. Barrat, C. Cattuto
Mobile devices and wearable sensors are making available records of human mobility and proximity with unprecedented levels of detail. Here we focus on close-range human proximity networks measured by means of wireless wearable sensors in a variety of real-world environments. We show that simple dynamical processes computed over the time-varying proximity networks can uncover important features of the interaction patterns that go beyond standard statistical indicators of heterogeneity and burstiness, and can tell apart datasets that would otherwise look statistically similar. We show that, due to the intrinsic temporal heterogeneity of human dynamics, the characterization of spreading processes over time-varying networks of human contact may benefit from abandoning the notion of wall-clock time in favor of a node-specific notion of time based on the contact activity of individual nodes.
移动设备和可穿戴传感器正在以前所未有的详细程度记录人类的移动性和接近程度。在这里,我们关注的是通过无线可穿戴传感器在各种现实环境中测量的近距离人类接近网络。我们表明,在时变接近网络上计算的简单动态过程可以揭示交互模式的重要特征,这些特征超越了异质性和突发性的标准统计指标,并且可以区分数据集,否则看起来在统计上相似。我们表明,由于人类动态的内在时间异质性,在时变的人类接触网络中传播过程的表征可能受益于放弃挂钟时间的概念,而支持基于单个节点接触活动的特定节点的时间概念。
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引用次数: 12
Unity: Collaborative downloading content using co-located socially connected peers Unity:使用位于同一位置的社会连接的对等体协作下载内容
P. Jassal, Kuldeep Yadav, Abhishek Kumar, Vinayak Naik, Vishesh Narwal, Amarjeet Singh
Large proliferation of mobile phone applications result in extensive use of data intensive services such as multimedia download and social network communication. With limited penetration of 3G/4G networks in developing countries, it is common to use low bandwidth 2G services for data communication, resulting in larger download time and correspondingly high power consumption. In this paper, we present a system architecture, Unity, that enables collaborative downloading across co-located peers. Unity uses short range radio interfaces such as Bluetooth/WiFi for local coordination, while the actual content is downloaded using a cellular connection. Unity is designed to support mobile phones with diverse capabilities. End-to-end implementation and evaluation of Unity on Android based phones, with varying workload sizes and number of peers, show that Unity can result in multifold increase in download rate for the co-located peers. We also describe architecture of cloud-based Unity which uses principles of mobility prediction, social interactions, and opportunistic networking to make collaboration more pervasive and useful.
移动电话应用程序的大量普及导致了多媒体下载和社交网络通信等数据密集型服务的广泛使用。由于3G/4G网络在发展中国家的渗透率有限,通常使用低带宽的2G服务进行数据通信,从而导致更长的下载时间和相应的高功耗。在本文中,我们提出了一个系统架构,Unity,它可以跨同一位置的对等体进行协作下载。Unity使用蓝牙/WiFi等短距离无线电接口进行本地协调,而实际内容则使用蜂窝连接下载。Unity旨在支持具有多种功能的手机。Unity在基于Android的手机上的端到端执行和评估,具有不同的工作负载大小和节点数量,表明Unity可以使位于同一位置的节点的下载速率增加数倍。我们还描述了基于云的Unity架构,它使用移动性预测、社交互动和机会网络的原则,使协作更加普遍和有用。
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引用次数: 12
TAF: A trust assessment framework for inferencing with uncertain streaming information TAF:用于不确定流信息推理的信任评估框架
Anthony Etuk, T. Norman, C. Bisdikian, M. Srivatsa
Pervasive information consumers in open, loosely-coupled systems, such as in Internet of Things and crowd-sensing environment, will rely more and more often on streaming information from sensory sources with whom they have only ephemeral, transient relationships. In such settings, information uncertainties arise as the trustworthiness of the sources and their information become questionable. It is thus necessary to quantify the quality of inferences made with such information to aid more informed and effective decision making and action taking. One of the aspects of trust assessment systems is to provide for such quality metrics, however, these systems have been traditionally applied in static situations. In this paper, we introduce TAF, a trust assessment framework for streaming information that leverages the rich toolkit of subjective logic operators to estimate the quality of said inferences under information uncertainty. We present the system architecture, describe its components and provide some preliminary quality results for the framework.
在开放、松散耦合的系统中,如物联网和人群感知环境中,无处不在的信息消费者将越来越多地依赖来自感官来源的流信息,而他们与这些感官来源的关系只是短暂的、短暂的。在这种情况下,信息的不确定性产生,因为来源的可信度和他们的信息变得可疑。因此,有必要量化根据这些资料作出的推论的质量,以帮助更知情和更有效地作出决策和采取行动。信任评估系统的一个方面是提供这种质量度量,但是,这些系统传统上是在静态情况下应用的。在本文中,我们引入了TAF,一个流信息的信任评估框架,它利用丰富的主观逻辑算子工具包来估计信息不确定性下所述推理的质量。我们给出了系统架构,描述了它的组件,并提供了一些初步的质量结果。
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引用次数: 7
Runtime migration of stateful event detectors with low-latency ordering constraints 具有低延迟排序约束的有状态事件检测器的运行时迁移
Christopher Mutschler, M. Philippsen
Runtime migration has been widely adopted to achieve several tasks such as load balancing, performance optimization, and fault-tolerance. However, existing migration techniques do not work for event detectors in distributed publish/subscribe systems that are used to analyze sensor data. Since low-latency time-constraints are no longer valid they reorder streams incorrectly and cause erroneous event detector states. This paper presents a safe runtime migration of stateful event detectors that respects low-latency time-constraints and seamlessly orders input events correctly on the migrated host. Event streams are only forwarded until timing delays are properly calibrated, the migrated event detector immediately stops processing after its state is transferred, and the processing overhead is negligible. On a Realtime Locating System (RTLS) we show that we can efficiently migrate event detectors at runtime between servers where other techniques would fail.
运行时迁移已被广泛用于实现负载平衡、性能优化和容错等任务。然而,现有的迁移技术并不适用于用于分析传感器数据的分布式发布/订阅系统中的事件检测器。由于低延迟时间约束不再有效,它们会错误地重新排序流并导致错误的事件检测器状态。本文提出了一种安全的有状态事件检测器的运行时迁移,它尊重低延迟时间约束,并在迁移的主机上正确地无缝排序输入事件。事件流只有在正确校准了时间延迟后才会被转发,迁移的事件检测器在其状态被转移后立即停止处理,处理开销可以忽略不计。在实时定位系统(RTLS)中,我们展示了我们可以在运行时在服务器之间有效地迁移事件检测器,而其他技术可能会失败。
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引用次数: 5
SoundOfTheCity - Continuous noise monitoring for a healthy city SoundOfTheCity -为健康城市提供持续的噪音监测
Lukas Ruge, Bashar Altakrouri, Andreas Schrader
Noise pollution is among the leading causes for illness among urban residents. It constitutes a major cause for stress and poor sleep, it reduces life quality while increasing the risk for hypertension, hearing loss and lower cognitive performance. In light of those risks, the European Union mandates the creation of noise contour maps to gather information about the exposure. Those maps however often lack enough granularity to cover all areas of the city and omit large areas from the map. Hence, the public benefit from the provided information remains limited. We present SoundOfTheCity, a project with which we endeavour to put noise measurement into the hand of the citizen. To that end we developed a smart phone application that allows the users to continuously measure the loudness of their environment. The measured data are anonymised and send to a central server where all generated information from voluntary participants on a city scale are aggregated and mapped to a meaningful noise visualisation map. Moreover, the application allows for uploading sound samples, captured from the environment, as well as providing each user with information on their personal exposure to noise. Extrapolating from the current state of such participatory ambient pollution monitoring for health, we propose several questions on the future of such applications. We discuss how such systems may utilize more then just information on the distribution of pollutants, to make health monitoring more relatable to the monitored community.
噪音污染是城市居民患病的主要原因之一。它是造成压力和睡眠质量差的主要原因,它降低了生活质量,同时增加了患高血压、听力丧失和认知能力下降的风险。鉴于这些风险,欧盟要求绘制噪音等高线地图,以收集有关暴露的信息。然而,这些地图往往缺乏足够的粒度来覆盖城市的所有区域,并从地图上遗漏了大片区域。因此,公众从所提供的信息中获益仍然有限。我们提出了SoundOfTheCity,这是一个我们努力将噪音测量交到市民手中的项目。为此,我们开发了一个智能手机应用程序,允许用户持续测量环境的响度。测量的数据是匿名的,并发送到一个中央服务器,在那里,所有由城市规模的自愿参与者生成的信息被汇总并映射到一个有意义的噪声可视化地图。此外,该应用程序允许上传从环境中捕获的声音样本,并为每个用户提供他们个人接触噪音的信息。从这种参与式环境污染健康监测的现状推断,我们对这种应用的未来提出了几个问题。我们讨论了这样的系统如何利用污染物分布的更多信息,使健康监测与被监测社区更相关。
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引用次数: 52
Sensing the Internet through crowdsourcing 通过众包感知互联网
E. Gregori, L. Lenzini, Valerio Luconi, Alessio Vecchio
Portolan is a crowdsourcing-based system aimed at building an annotated graph of the Internet: the smartphones of participating volunteers are used as mobile monitors to collect measures about the network that surrounds them, then results are conveyed on a central server where they are aggregated. Thus, differently from all the other Internet monitoring systems, which are based on fixed infrastructure, Portolan rely on a multitude of mobile sensing nodes. While this paves the way to the opportunity of having detailed and geo-referenced measures, the design of the systems has to take into account additional difficulties such as scalability, coordination and smartphones' reachability. Besides describing the Portolan's architecture, this paper also shows some preliminary results that confirm the validity of the proposed approach.
Portolan是一个基于众包的系统,旨在建立一个带注释的互联网图表:参与志愿者的智能手机被用作移动监视器,收集他们周围网络的测量数据,然后将结果传送到一个中央服务器上,并在那里进行汇总。因此,与其他所有基于固定基础设施的互联网监控系统不同,Portolan依赖于大量移动传感节点。虽然这为详细的地理测量铺平了道路,但系统的设计必须考虑到其他困难,如可扩展性、协调性和智能手机的可达性。除了描述Portolan的结构外,本文还展示了一些初步结果,证实了所提出方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 32
Leakage detection in waterpipes networks using acoustic sensors and identifying codes 利用声学传感器和识别码进行水管网络泄漏检测
F. Pellegrini, R. Riggio
In future smart cities a grand challenge will be to sensorize large urban infrastructures at a feasible cost. In this paper we tackle the case of efficient leakage detection in water distribution systems. Deploying leakage detectors can cut operational costs for water utility providers. But, the cost for deploying them with sufficient granularity poses an high entrance barrier due to the scale of such infrastructures. We propose an algorithmic framework to efficiently deploy sensors in order to perform leakage/fault localization over large scale lattice-shaped networks. The novelty of our solution, combining covering sets and identifying codes is that it initially covers the network with low resolution, and thus fewer sensors. The set of sensors can then be extended in a way to progressively improve the resolution by which leakages are located. The proposed solution is validated through extensive numerical experiments.
在未来的智慧城市中,一个巨大的挑战将是以可行的成本对大型城市基础设施进行传感器化。本文讨论了配水系统中有效的泄漏检测问题。部署泄漏探测器可以降低水务公司的运营成本。但是,由于此类基础设施的规模,部署具有足够粒度的它们的成本构成了很高的进入门槛。我们提出了一种算法框架来有效地部署传感器,以便在大规模格状网络上执行泄漏/故障定位。我们的解决方案的新颖之处在于,它结合了覆盖集和识别码,它最初以低分辨率覆盖网络,因此传感器较少。然后可以扩展传感器集,以逐步提高泄漏定位的分辨率。通过大量的数值实验验证了所提出的解决方案。
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引用次数: 4
Towards a model-based approach for context-aware assistance systems in offshore operations 为海上作业环境感知辅助系统开发基于模型的方法
Nils Koppaetzky, D. Nicklas
With the effort to increase renewable energy production, offshore wind power plants become increasingly important. Thus, there is a growing necessity to carry out offshore operations like construction or maintenance of wind power plants. Offshore operations are complex, risky, and therefore prone to accidents. A context aware assistance system might help to increase the safety during these operations. It could observe the status of safety relevant entities with sensors and support crews by displaying status information and triggering warnings in occurrence of critical situations. As the safety relevant entities and the critical situations depend on the executed operation, the assistance system needs to be based on a dynamic and flexible context model. This paper introduces an approach to design an easy adaptable, extendable and deployable context model for an offshore operation assistance system.
随着可再生能源产量的增加,海上风力发电厂变得越来越重要。因此,越来越有必要进行海上作业,如风力发电厂的建设或维护。海上作业复杂、危险,因此容易发生事故。上下文感知辅助系统可能有助于提高这些操作期间的安全性。它可以通过传感器和支持人员观察安全相关实体的状态,显示状态信息并在发生紧急情况时触发警告。由于安全相关实体和紧急情况取决于所执行的操作,因此需要基于动态灵活的上下文模型来构建辅助系统。本文介绍了一种为海上作业辅助系统设计易于适应、可扩展和可部署的上下文模型的方法。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2013 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops)
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