In this experiment, the oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical precipitation and the nanocomposites were produced using in situ polymerization method with varying nanoparticles contents ranged from 0.1 g to 1.0 g for electrical conductivity and from 0.05 g to 0.25 g for thermal conductivity. The electrical and thermal conductivities of nanocomposites were investigated and compared with the values obtained for untreated polystyrene. It was observed that the electrical and thermal properties were higher for the nanocomposites and increase with increasing nanoparticle concentrations in the samples. It can be observed that nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticles gave a better electrical and thermal conductivity followed by nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles and nanocomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticles respectively. It can also be observed that nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticle showed increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.60 W to 2.60 W, while nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles recorded increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.40 W to 2.45 W and nanoomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticle showed increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.07 W to 2.21 W, as concentration of nanoparticles increased from 0.05 g to 0.25 g respectively. Conclusively, with these results, the nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticles gave a better thermal and electrical conductivity by having a better conducting filler network inside the matrix than nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles and nanocomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticles. It is recommended that during the production of polymer nanocomposite, PS/NiO, PS/BaO and PS/Sb2O3 nanocomposites could be used in electrically conductive devices as well as suitable materials for heat transfer applications.
本实验采用化学沉淀法合成氧化纳米颗粒，采用原位聚合法制备纳米复合材料，纳米颗粒的电导率为0.1 g ~ 1.0 g，导热率为0.05 g ~ 0.25 g。研究了纳米复合材料的导电性和导热性，并与未处理的聚苯乙烯进行了比较。观察到，纳米复合材料的电学和热学性能较高，并且随着样品中纳米颗粒浓度的增加而增加。结果表明，含NiO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料具有较好的导电性和导热性，其次是含BaO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料，其次是含Sb2O3纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料。还可以观察到，随着纳米颗粒浓度从0.05 g增加到0.25 g，含NiO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料的换热速率从1.60 W增加到2.60 W，含BaO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料的换热速率从1.40 W增加到2.45 W，含Sb2O3纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料的换热速率从1.07 W增加到2.21 W。综上所述，含有NiO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料比含有BaO纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料和含有Sb2O3纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料具有更好的导热性和导电性。建议PS/NiO、PS/BaO和PS/Sb2O3纳米复合材料在聚合物纳米复合材料的生产过程中，不仅可以用于导电器件，还可以用于导热材料。
{"title":"Nanocomposites transformed from polystyrene waste/antimony, barium and nickel oxides nanoparticles with improved thermal and electrical properties","authors":"Y. T. Sabo, D. Boryo, I. Chindo, A. Auwal","doi":"10.4314/njcr.v26i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njcr.v26i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"In this experiment, the oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via chemical precipitation and the nanocomposites were produced using in situ polymerization method with varying nanoparticles contents ranged from 0.1 g to 1.0 g for electrical conductivity and from 0.05 g to 0.25 g for thermal conductivity. The electrical and thermal conductivities of nanocomposites were investigated and compared with the values obtained for untreated polystyrene. It was observed that the electrical and thermal properties were higher for the nanocomposites and increase with increasing nanoparticle concentrations in the samples. It can be observed that nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticles gave a better electrical and thermal conductivity followed by nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles and nanocomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticles respectively. It can also be observed that nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticle showed increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.60 W to 2.60 W, while nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles recorded increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.40 W to 2.45 W and nanoomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticle showed increase in rate of heat transfer from 1.07 W to 2.21 W, as concentration of nanoparticles increased from 0.05 g to 0.25 g respectively. Conclusively, with these results, the nanocomposite containing NiO nanoparticles gave a better thermal and electrical conductivity by having a better conducting filler network inside the matrix than nanocomposite containing BaO nanoparticles and nanocomposite containing Sb2O3 nanoparticles. It is recommended that during the production of polymer nanocomposite, PS/NiO, PS/BaO and PS/Sb2O3 nanocomposites could be used in electrically conductive devices as well as suitable materials for heat transfer applications.","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128710941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical, antioxidant potentials, and proximate composition of extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind (CLR) in different solvents. Chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of CLR were prepared after which they were subjected to phytochemical, antioxidants, and proximate analysis using standard methods. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind were rich in alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids, while the chloroform and ethanol extract were rich in flavonoids. It was observed that the ethyl acetate, chloroform and ethanol extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind had the highest concentration of total phenolic substances when compared with other extracts considered. The DPPH antioxidant scavenging activity was significantly higher in the ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroform extracts. The aqueous extract Citrullus lanatus rind was richer in moisture content, but chloroform and hexane extracts were richer in calorie or carbohydrate a relatively high percentage of crude protein in the ethanol extract. With prescence of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds in ethanol and aqueous extracts of CLR. They may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular diseases. Also, with improvement in quality of Citrullus lanatus rind, it may be of high medicinal value to man and livestock.
{"title":"Adsorption of cadmium ion from water using activated carbon produced from palm kernel shell","authors":"O. Akintunde, F. C. Thomas, F. P. Egunleti","doi":"10.4314/njcr.v26i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njcr.v26i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical, antioxidant potentials, and proximate composition of extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind (CLR) in different solvents. Chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of CLR were prepared after which they were subjected to phytochemical, antioxidants, and proximate analysis using standard methods. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind were rich in alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids, while the chloroform and ethanol extract were rich in flavonoids. It was observed that the ethyl acetate, chloroform and ethanol extracts of Citrullus lanatus rind had the highest concentration of total phenolic substances when compared with other extracts considered. The DPPH antioxidant scavenging activity was significantly higher in the ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroform extracts. The aqueous extract Citrullus lanatus rind was richer in moisture content, but chloroform and hexane extracts were richer in calorie or carbohydrate a relatively high percentage of crude protein in the ethanol extract. With prescence of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds in ethanol and aqueous extracts of CLR. They may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular diseases. Also, with improvement in quality of Citrullus lanatus rind, it may be of high medicinal value to man and livestock.","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125740431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Napoleonaea imperialis P. Beauv (family Lecythidaceae) commonly called Napoleon’s hat is a medicinal plant found in South-Eastern Nigeria. The rind was separated from the fruit and macerated using methanol. The crude methanol extract was partitioned to yield n-hexane fraction (7.4%), dichloromethane fraction (23.7%) and methanol fraction (68.7%). The dichloromethane fraction was chromatographed and further purified to afford two compounds whose structures were elucidated using 1H, 13C and two-dimension NMR experiments. Isolated compounds, Napoleonaside G and Napoleonaside R, were characterized as 3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-21,28-diangeloyloxy-24-hydroxy-olean-11,13(18)-diene and 3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-D-glucopyranosyl-2''-angeloyl]-21-angeloyloxy-24,28-dihydroxy-olean-11,13(18)-diene, respectively.
拿破仑的帽子是一种药用植物，发现于尼日利亚东南部，通常被称为拿破仑的帽子。果皮从水果中分离出来，用甲醇浸泡。粗甲醇馏分分为正己烷馏分(7.4%)、二氯甲烷馏分(23.7%)和甲醇馏分(68.7%)。对二氯甲烷组分进行层析和进一步纯化，得到两种化合物，并通过1H、13C和二维核磁共振实验对其结构进行了鉴定。分离得到的化合物Napoleonaside G和Napoleonaside R分别表征为3-O-[d -葡萄糖吡喃基(1→2)- d -葡萄糖吡喃基]-21,28-二angeloy氧基-24-羟基齐奥烯-11,13(18)-二烯和3-O-[d -葡萄糖吡喃基(1→4)- d -葡萄糖吡喃基-2''-angeloyl]-21- angeloy氧基-24,28-二羟基齐奥烯-11,13(18)-二烯。
{"title":"Two new oleanane-type glycosides from Napoleonaea imperialis P. Beauv RIND","authors":"G. Ndukwe, R. E. Ekong, I. Jack","doi":"10.4314/njcr.v26i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njcr.v26i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Napoleonaea imperialis P. Beauv (family Lecythidaceae) commonly called Napoleon’s hat is a medicinal plant found in South-Eastern Nigeria. The rind was separated from the fruit and macerated using methanol. The crude methanol extract was partitioned to yield n-hexane fraction (7.4%), dichloromethane fraction (23.7%) and methanol fraction (68.7%). The dichloromethane fraction was chromatographed and further purified to afford two compounds whose structures were elucidated using 1H, 13C and two-dimension NMR experiments. Isolated compounds, Napoleonaside G and Napoleonaside R, were characterized as 3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-D-glucopyranosyl]-21,28-diangeloyloxy-24-hydroxy-olean-11,13(18)-diene and 3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-D-glucopyranosyl-2''-angeloyl]-21-angeloyloxy-24,28-dihydroxy-olean-11,13(18)-diene, respectively.","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"116 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125750920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The extraction of essential oils is generally carried out by two main techniques: azeotropic distillation (hydrodistillation, hydrodiffusion, and steam distillation) and extraction with solvents. This work consists in studying the two methods of extraction of the essential oils of Mentha piperita: Steam distillation (azeotropic) and Enfleurage (solvent extraction). The optimum yield for the extraction of essential oil via steam distillation from Mentha piperita was obtained at 540 minutes with production coming to an end at 1080 minutes yielding 1.36 % of essential oil at 80 0C per 240 g of sample while extraction through effleurage give maximum yield at 900 minutes with production coming to an end at 1080 minutes. The extraction process recorded a percentage yield of 0.91 % at 80 0C. In view of the above result, it implies that at a given condition the steam distillation method comparatively is a better technique for extraction of essential for optimal production. In addition, the compounds with the highest GC-MS area percentage in the analysis of Mentha piperitta were 1-Decanol, 2-hexyl- (3.8471%) and L-Menthol which also has a high area percentage (3.5439 %) which is of utmost importance as the fragrance of mint oil extract and its peculiar flavour can be attributed to the abundant presence of levo-menthol. Levo-menthol is used for the treatment, control, prevention, and improvement of the following diseases, conditions and symptoms which includes occasional minor irritation, Pain, Sore mouth, Sore throat and Cough. It can be drawn, without doubt, that steam distillation offers significant advantages comparatively over effleurage and can therefore be best suitable for pilot scale extraction of essential oils in Mint.
{"title":"Comparative extraction of essential oils of Mentha piperita (mint) by steam distillation and enfleurage","authors":"M. Ibrahim, G. Ankwai, J. R. Gungshik, P. Taave","doi":"10.4314/njcr.v26i2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njcr.v26i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of essential oils is generally carried out by two main techniques: azeotropic distillation (hydrodistillation, hydrodiffusion, and steam distillation) and extraction with solvents. This work consists in studying the two methods of extraction of the essential oils of Mentha piperita: Steam distillation (azeotropic) and Enfleurage (solvent extraction). The optimum yield for the extraction of essential oil via steam distillation from Mentha piperita was obtained at 540 minutes with production coming to an end at 1080 minutes yielding 1.36 % of essential oil at 80 0C per 240 g of sample while extraction through effleurage give maximum yield at 900 minutes with production coming to an end at 1080 minutes. The extraction process recorded a percentage yield of 0.91 % at 80 0C. In view of the above result, it implies that at a given condition the steam distillation method comparatively is a better technique for extraction of essential for optimal production. In addition, the compounds with the highest GC-MS area percentage in the analysis of Mentha piperitta were 1-Decanol, 2-hexyl- (3.8471%) and L-Menthol which also has a high area percentage (3.5439 %) which is of utmost importance as the fragrance of mint oil extract and its peculiar flavour can be attributed to the abundant presence of levo-menthol. Levo-menthol is used for the treatment, control, prevention, and improvement of the following diseases, conditions and symptoms which includes occasional minor irritation, Pain, Sore mouth, Sore throat and Cough. It can be drawn, without doubt, that steam distillation offers significant advantages comparatively over effleurage and can therefore be best suitable for pilot scale extraction of essential oils in Mint.","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134501582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hura crepitans were studied in order to compliment information available in the literature and establish whether the oil can be used as edible oil, and the seed in food modifications and formulations. The seeds were collected along Nwaniba Road in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The oil was cold-extracted with n-hexane and used in the analysis of antinutrients and vitamins. The defatted seed flour was used in the determination of amino acids. The amino acids, vitamins and antinutrients were determined using standard methods. The results reveal that the antinutrients levels in the seed oil are relatively higher than their corresponding levels in conventional edible seed oils except phytate and oxalate. The oil is very rich in vitamin C compared to mustard and sunflower seed oils which are also edible oils. The seeds are richer in amino acids than the seeds of A. hypogaea, and E. guineensis which are conventionally used as food materials and their oils in cooking and frying. They are particularly rich in the essential amino acids except valine. The amino acids contents of the seeds compare reasonably (about 82%) with whole hen’s egg. Although H. crepitans seeds are rich in amino acids and the oil in vitamin C, the high tannins and cyanide levels in the seed oil would limit its use in nutrition. However, the seed flour can be beneficial in food fortification processes and animal feeds production.Keywords: Hura crepitans, Seed flour, Raw seed oil, Antinutrients, Vitamins, Amino acids, Essential amino acids
{"title":"Some aspects of the nutritional properties of the seed and raw seed oil of Hura crepitans","authors":"A. Udoh, I. Udousoro, I. Sunday","doi":"10.4314/NJCR.V24I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJCR.V24I2","url":null,"abstract":"Hura crepitans were studied in order to compliment information available in the literature and establish whether the oil can be used as edible oil, and the seed in food modifications and formulations. The seeds were collected along Nwaniba Road in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The oil was cold-extracted with n-hexane and used in the analysis of antinutrients and vitamins. The defatted seed flour was used in the determination of amino acids. The amino acids, vitamins and antinutrients were determined using standard methods. The results reveal that the antinutrients levels in the seed oil are relatively higher than their corresponding levels in conventional edible seed oils except phytate and oxalate. The oil is very rich in vitamin C compared to mustard and sunflower seed oils which are also edible oils. The seeds are richer in amino acids than the seeds of A. hypogaea, and E. guineensis which are conventionally used as food materials and their oils in cooking and frying. They are particularly rich in the essential amino acids except valine. The amino acids contents of the seeds compare reasonably (about 82%) with whole hen’s egg. Although H. crepitans seeds are rich in amino acids and the oil in vitamin C, the high tannins and cyanide levels in the seed oil would limit its use in nutrition. However, the seed flour can be beneficial in food fortification processes and animal feeds production.Keywords: Hura crepitans, Seed flour, Raw seed oil, Antinutrients, Vitamins, Amino acids, Essential amino acids","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114173787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of graphite oxides from waste batteries and carbonized maize cobs as filler in natural rubber was evaluated in this study. Graphite from carbon electrodes in waste batteries and carbonized maize cobs respectively were subjected to the conventional Hummers method for conversion to the more reactive graphite oxides. The oxides were characterized in terms of their surface area, ash content, pH, moisture content, conductivity and loss on ignition using standard methods. The oxides were further characterized in terms of their morphology and functional groups. The graphite oxides and N330 carbon black which acts as the control were then used as filler in natural rubber compounding using the two–roll mill and subjected to physicomechanical characterization. The graphite oxides showed significant enhancement in the reinforcement and mechanical properties of the natural rubber compounds as evidenced from the results obtained when compared with the control. Morphological study of the vulcanizates shows that natural rubber – maize cob graphite oxide (NR/MCGO) vulcanizates showed very good dispersion in the rubber matrix. Mechanical properties study shows that NR/MCGO vulcanizates are having improved properties with tensile strength of 32.79MPa, modulus at 100% elongation of 19.51MPa. However, NR/MCGO vulcanizates show lower elongation at break of 500.02%. The highest hardness value is NR/MCGO of 71.01 IRHD. Keywords : Maize cob, natural rubber, fillers, graphite oxides
{"title":"Performance evaluation of graphite oxide in natural rubber compounds","authors":"L. Ekebafe, G. Adebayo, M. Chukwu, K. O. Eguare","doi":"10.4314/NJCR.V24I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJCR.V24I1","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of graphite oxides from waste batteries and carbonized maize cobs as filler in natural rubber was evaluated in this study. Graphite from carbon electrodes in waste batteries and carbonized maize cobs respectively were subjected to the conventional Hummers method for conversion to the more reactive graphite oxides. The oxides were characterized in terms of their surface area, ash content, pH, moisture content, conductivity and loss on ignition using standard methods. The oxides were further characterized in terms of their morphology and functional groups. The graphite oxides and N330 carbon black which acts as the control were then used as filler in natural rubber compounding using the two–roll mill and subjected to physicomechanical characterization. The graphite oxides showed significant enhancement in the reinforcement and mechanical properties of the natural rubber compounds as evidenced from the results obtained when compared with the control. Morphological study of the vulcanizates shows that natural rubber – maize cob graphite oxide (NR/MCGO) vulcanizates showed very good dispersion in the rubber matrix. Mechanical properties study shows that NR/MCGO vulcanizates are having improved properties with tensile strength of 32.79MPa, modulus at 100% elongation of 19.51MPa. However, NR/MCGO vulcanizates show lower elongation at break of 500.02%. The highest hardness value is NR/MCGO of 71.01 IRHD. Keywords : Maize cob, natural rubber, fillers, graphite oxides","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127993475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste printing paper (WPP) is an abundant local waste material that requires end-use channelling to reduce environmental pollution. In the present study, removal of cadmium (II) (Cd 2+ ), copper (II) (Cu 2+ ), nickel (II) (Ni 2+ ) and lead (II) ions (Pb 2+ ) from aqueous solution by WPP at varying incubating period, metal dosage and chemical modification with hydrogen peroxide were studied. In addition, desorption capacity of three solvents, distilled water (dil.H 2 O), 0.1M nitric acid, (HNO 3 ), and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) was evaluated for possible recovery of Pb 2+ . The results showed WPP has adsorption efficacy of >90.0% and metal uptake of ≤ 25 mg/g for the assessed metal ions. There was high effect of metal dosage and contact time on WPP adsorption efficacy for the metal ions. Hydrogen peroxide treatment has negative effect on the WPP adsorption efficacy for Cd and Ni (II) ions, necessitating FTIR of WPP for possible functional groups distortion. The eluents used could recover <50 % adsorbed Pb 2+ from WPP. WPP has potential as good adsorbent for heavy metals uptake from aqueous solutions but the recovery efficacy as economic and environmental concern requires further investigation. Keywords: Adsorption efficacy, desorption efficacy, lead (II) ions, metal ions, waste printing paper
{"title":"Waste printing paper as analogous adsorbents for heavy metals in aqueous solution","authors":"O. Moyib, M. A. Ayedun, O. Awokoya, O. Omotola","doi":"10.4314/njcr.v22i1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njcr.v22i1","url":null,"abstract":"Waste printing paper (WPP) is an abundant local waste material that requires end-use channelling to reduce environmental pollution. In the present study, removal of cadmium (II) (Cd 2+ ), copper (II) (Cu 2+ ), nickel (II) (Ni 2+ ) and lead (II) ions (Pb 2+ ) from aqueous solution by WPP at varying incubating period, metal dosage and chemical modification with hydrogen peroxide were studied. In addition, desorption capacity of three solvents, distilled water (dil.H 2 O), 0.1M nitric acid, (HNO 3 ), and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) was evaluated for possible recovery of Pb 2+ . The results showed WPP has adsorption efficacy of >90.0% and metal uptake of ≤ 25 mg/g for the assessed metal ions. There was high effect of metal dosage and contact time on WPP adsorption efficacy for the metal ions. Hydrogen peroxide treatment has negative effect on the WPP adsorption efficacy for Cd and Ni (II) ions, necessitating FTIR of WPP for possible functional groups distortion. The eluents used could recover <50 % adsorbed Pb 2+ from WPP. WPP has potential as good adsorbent for heavy metals uptake from aqueous solutions but the recovery efficacy as economic and environmental concern requires further investigation. Keywords: Adsorption efficacy, desorption efficacy, lead (II) ions, metal ions, waste printing paper","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122280468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Varying percentages (0, 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020 and 0.025) of ecofriendly Starch Stabilized Magnetic Nanoparticles (SSMNPs) were used in the removal of M 2+ (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ and Pb 2+ ) ions from aqueous media by the batch adsorption technique. The λmax determined and used for Ni 2+ , Co 2+ and Pb 2+ were 400, 380 and 320 nm respectively. The influence of pH, adsorbent starch concentration, initial metal concentration and contact time on the removal processes was investigated. The results showed that 0.025 % loaded SSMNPs gave the optimal sorption efficiencies of 91.3 (pH = 6.8 & 11.1), 90.91 and 96.97 % (at pH < 3) respectively for all three ions. The contact times required to reach the equilibrium concentrations were 15, 75 and 105 mins for Pb 2+ , Co 2+ and Ni 2+ ions respectively. The kinetic rate constants (Lagergren and Pseudo-2 nd -order) for Ni 2+ and Co 2+ adsorption were all greater than those from Pb2+ions. Langmuir correlation coefficients showed a better fit for the adsorption isotherms. Ni sorption capacity of 60.61 mg g -1 obtained from Langmuir was the highest of the three at constant [SSMNPs] while 109.89 mg g -1 for Pb with was the highest at constant [M 2+ ].
{"title":"Removal of Ni (II), Co (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous media using Starch Stabilized Magnetic Nanoparticles as adsorbents","authors":"J. Konne, Pg Tubotamuno, Rf Okwelle, Fb Dimeari","doi":"10.4314/NJCR.V20I0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJCR.V20I0","url":null,"abstract":"Varying percentages (0, 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020 and 0.025) of ecofriendly Starch Stabilized Magnetic Nanoparticles (SSMNPs) were used in the removal of M 2+ (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ and Pb 2+ ) ions from aqueous media by the batch adsorption technique. The λmax determined and used for Ni 2+ , Co 2+ and Pb 2+ were 400, 380 and 320 nm respectively. The influence of pH, adsorbent starch concentration, initial metal concentration and contact time on the removal processes was investigated. The results showed that 0.025 % loaded SSMNPs gave the optimal sorption efficiencies of 91.3 (pH = 6.8 & 11.1), 90.91 and 96.97 % (at pH < 3) respectively for all three ions. The contact times required to reach the equilibrium concentrations were 15, 75 and 105 mins for Pb 2+ , Co 2+ and Ni 2+ ions respectively. The kinetic rate constants (Lagergren and Pseudo-2 nd -order) for Ni 2+ and Co 2+ adsorption were all greater than those from Pb2+ions. Langmuir correlation coefficients showed a better fit for the adsorption isotherms. Ni sorption capacity of 60.61 mg g -1 obtained from Langmuir was the highest of the three at constant [SSMNPs] while 109.89 mg g -1 for Pb with was the highest at constant [M 2+ ].","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114343978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-19DOI: 10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35628
S. Abrakasa
The Kolo Creek E2.0 reservoir oils from the Nigerian Niger Delta region have been studied for molecular marker by characterisation using full scan GC-MS and GC-MS-MS transition from 412 → 369. An existing molecular marker compound normally found in coals and lignites has been observed in some these oils. This molecular marker – Lupane, sustains the biogenic origin of these oils as terrigenous and it is very similar to Oleanane. Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research Vol. 11 2006: pp. 15-21
采用全扫描气相色谱-质谱和气相色谱-质谱从412→369转换的方法，对尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区Kolo Creek E2.0油藏油进行了分子标记研究。通常在煤和褐煤中发现的一种现有的分子标记化合物在这些油中被观察到。这种分子标记物——Lupane，维持了这些油的陆源生物起源，它与齐墩烷非常相似。尼日利亚化学研究杂志Vol. 11 2006: pp. 15-21
{"title":"Newly identified Molecular Marker Compound in Some Nigerian oils.","authors":"S. Abrakasa","doi":"10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35628","url":null,"abstract":"The Kolo Creek E2.0 reservoir oils from the Nigerian Niger Delta region have been studied for molecular marker by characterisation using full scan GC-MS and GC-MS-MS transition from 412 → 369. An existing molecular marker compound normally found in coals and lignites has been observed in some these oils. This molecular marker – Lupane, sustains the biogenic origin of these oils as terrigenous and it is very similar to Oleanane. Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research Vol. 11 2006: pp. 15-21","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122947093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-19DOI: 10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35630
P. Guru
Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex with ampicillin have been synthesized and characterized. On the basis of elemental analysis and molar conductance, formulas Ni(C 16 H 19 N 3 O 4 S)MoO 4 H 2 O and Cu(C 16 H 19 N 3 O 4 S)MoO 4 H 2 O have been suggested for the complexes under study. The geometries of the complexes have been proposed on the basis of magnetic moment, electronic and infrared spectral data. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been carried out to determine the pattern of their decomposition. The crystal system, lattice parameters, unit cell volume and number of molecules in it have been determined by X-ray diffraction data (XRD). The aim of investigation is to study coordination behavior of Ni and Cu having molybdate anion (MoO 4 ), in the presence of ampicillin(6-[D(-)-α-Amino-α-Phenylacetamido]Penicil-Lanic Acid). Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research Vol. 11 2006: pp. 28-35
合成了氨苄西林Ni(II)、Cu(II)配合物并对其进行了表征。在元素分析和摩尔电导的基础上，提出了Ni(c16h19n3o4s) moo4H 2o和Cu(c16h19n3o4s) moo4H 2o的分子式。根据磁矩、电子和红外光谱数据，提出了配合物的几何形状。热重分析(TGA)确定了它们的分解模式。用x射线衍射(XRD)测定了晶体体系、晶格参数、晶胞体积和分子数。研究了氨苄西林(6-[D(-)-α-氨基-α-苯乙酰胺]青氨酸)存在下钼酸阴离子(moo4)对Ni和Cu的配位行为。尼日利亚化学研究杂志Vol. 11 2006: pp. 28-35
{"title":"Studies of Ni(II) & Cu(II) complexes with ampicillin","authors":"P. Guru","doi":"10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJCR.V11I1.35630","url":null,"abstract":"Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex with ampicillin have been synthesized and characterized. On the basis of elemental analysis and molar conductance, formulas Ni(C 16 H 19 N 3 O 4 S)MoO 4 H 2 O and Cu(C 16 H 19 N 3 O 4 S)MoO 4 H 2 O have been suggested for the complexes under study. The geometries of the complexes have been proposed on the basis of magnetic moment, electronic and infrared spectral data. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been carried out to determine the pattern of their decomposition. The crystal system, lattice parameters, unit cell volume and number of molecules in it have been determined by X-ray diffraction data (XRD). The aim of investigation is to study coordination behavior of Ni and Cu having molybdate anion (MoO 4 ), in the presence of ampicillin(6-[D(-)-α-Amino-α-Phenylacetamido]Penicil-Lanic Acid). Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research Vol. 11 2006: pp. 28-35","PeriodicalId":102130,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Chemical Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122667750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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