Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2022.00717
Myoung Soon Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the employment type of speech-language pathologists, subscription of social security insurance, workplace, working hours, salary, and types of disability of the subjects to be treated, and analyze the information on the actual working conditions to utilize it in policy proposals for speech-language pathologists, considering the changes in economic structure and employment environment and their aspects.Methods: The study was conducted through an online Google questionnaire for speech-language pathologists. The total number of participants was 1,414. The results were processed using SPSS 25.0, and descriptive statistics were performed.Results: First, private speech therapy centers (731 people, 48.1%), social welfare facilities (240 people, 15.8%), and development centers attached to the hospital (164 people, 10.8%) were in order of the type of workplace of speech-language pathologists. Second, the types of work of speech-language pathologists were professional freelance workers (608 people, 44.9%), full-time jobs (551 people, 40.7%), contract workers of fixed payment (95 people, 7.0%), and contract workers of combination with fixed payment and rate system payment (65 people, 4.8%). Third, the insurance coverage of speech-language pathologists was in the order of four major insurances (862 people, 66.2%), non-insured (284 people, 21.8%), and two major insurances (148 people, 11.4%). Fourth, the numbers of speech-language pathologists workplaces were 1 workplace (689 people, 72.2%), 2 workplaces (206 people, 21.6%), others (36 people, 3.8%), and 3 workplaces (23 people, 2.4%).Conclusions: After COVID-19, there was a change in perception of the speech-language pathologists’ employment type. The results of this study will be used to improve the treatment of speech-language pathologists, such as through policy proposals for employment stability and the expansion of high-quality workplaces.
{"title":"A study on the working condition of speech-language pathologists in Korea","authors":"Myoung Soon Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2022.00717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00717","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to investigate the employment type of speech-language pathologists, subscription of social security insurance, workplace, working hours, salary, and types of disability of the subjects to be treated, and analyze the information on the actual working conditions to utilize it in policy proposals for speech-language pathologists, considering the changes in economic structure and employment environment and their aspects.Methods: The study was conducted through an online Google questionnaire for speech-language pathologists. The total number of participants was 1,414. The results were processed using SPSS 25.0, and descriptive statistics were performed.Results: First, private speech therapy centers (731 people, 48.1%), social welfare facilities (240 people, 15.8%), and development centers attached to the hospital (164 people, 10.8%) were in order of the type of workplace of speech-language pathologists. Second, the types of work of speech-language pathologists were professional freelance workers (608 people, 44.9%), full-time jobs (551 people, 40.7%), contract workers of fixed payment (95 people, 7.0%), and contract workers of combination with fixed payment and rate system payment (65 people, 4.8%). Third, the insurance coverage of speech-language pathologists was in the order of four major insurances (862 people, 66.2%), non-insured (284 people, 21.8%), and two major insurances (148 people, 11.4%). Fourth, the numbers of speech-language pathologists workplaces were 1 workplace (689 people, 72.2%), 2 workplaces (206 people, 21.6%), others (36 people, 3.8%), and 3 workplaces (23 people, 2.4%).Conclusions: After COVID-19, there was a change in perception of the speech-language pathologists’ employment type. The results of this study will be used to improve the treatment of speech-language pathologists, such as through policy proposals for employment stability and the expansion of high-quality workplaces.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2022.00710
P. Mohan, H. M. Mahasoomi, Divya Davis
Purpose: Current study is designed to analyze the quantity and quality of parental language during parent-child interaction in the natural environment in both typically developing and in children with autism spectrum disorder.Methods: A total of 10 primary caregivers mainly parents in which 5 participants were parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and 5 participants were parents of typically developing children. A 10-15 minutes video recording of parent-child interaction was analyzed and drawn into conclusion about the quantity and quality of language used in terms of grammatical language measures, discourse function and pragmatic function.Results: Parents of children with ASD and parents of TD children who were developing normally produced similar amounts of linguistic input, but they differed on certain quality parameters. Parents of TD children use more Mean Length of Utterance. Significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of Discourse function and pragmatic functions. The parents of children with ASD used a comparatively lower number of nouns, verbs, conjunctions and case markers. In Discourse function analysis, significant differences were found in parental responses, number of conversational turns and number of parental responses to child’s initiations. While considering pragmatic/behavioral functions, significant differences were only in questions and expansions.Conclusions: The current study emphasizes the importance of parental language during parent-child interactions, as well as the need to profile the same which would provide precise information on the level of stimulation delivered.
{"title":"A comparative study on parental language used by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and typically developing children","authors":"P. Mohan, H. M. Mahasoomi, Divya Davis","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2022.00710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00710","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Current study is designed to analyze the quantity and quality of parental language during parent-child interaction in the natural environment in both typically developing and in children with autism spectrum disorder.Methods: A total of 10 primary caregivers mainly parents in which 5 participants were parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and 5 participants were parents of typically developing children. A 10-15 minutes video recording of parent-child interaction was analyzed and drawn into conclusion about the quantity and quality of language used in terms of grammatical language measures, discourse function and pragmatic function.Results: Parents of children with ASD and parents of TD children who were developing normally produced similar amounts of linguistic input, but they differed on certain quality parameters. Parents of TD children use more Mean Length of Utterance. Significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of Discourse function and pragmatic functions. The parents of children with ASD used a comparatively lower number of nouns, verbs, conjunctions and case markers. In Discourse function analysis, significant differences were found in parental responses, number of conversational turns and number of parental responses to child’s initiations. While considering pragmatic/behavioral functions, significant differences were only in questions and expansions.Conclusions: The current study emphasizes the importance of parental language during parent-child interactions, as well as the need to profile the same which would provide precise information on the level of stimulation delivered.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45452409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2022.00647
C. Deckelman, Ryleigh Caldwell, Youngsun Kim, T. Park
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of two laryngeal closure transition measures: initiation of laryngeal closure (ILC) and laryngeal closure duration (LCD) among stroke survivors, head and neck cancer survivors, and healthy age-matched controls.Methods: ILC and LCD were determined by analyzing two 5ml thin liquid swallows exhibited by each of the 15 stroke survivors, 15 head and neck cancer survivors, and 15 healthy controls from the videofluoroscopic swallowing examinations (VFSEs). Statistical analyses were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the three groups as independent variables with the statistical level set at p<0.05.Results: ILC was longer in stroke survivors compared to head and neck survivors and healthy controls; however, these results were only significant compared to controls. Head and neck cancer survivors exhibited significantly longer LCD when compared to healthy controls, but not to stroke survivors.Conclusions: Differential diagnosis based on swallowing pathophysiology is critical to manage and treat dysphagia in these populations.
{"title":"Differences of laryngeal closure during the swallow between stroke and head and neck cancer survivors","authors":"C. Deckelman, Ryleigh Caldwell, Youngsun Kim, T. Park","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2022.00647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00647","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of two laryngeal closure transition measures: initiation of laryngeal closure (ILC) and laryngeal closure duration (LCD) among stroke survivors, head and neck cancer survivors, and healthy age-matched controls.Methods: ILC and LCD were determined by analyzing two 5ml thin liquid swallows exhibited by each of the 15 stroke survivors, 15 head and neck cancer survivors, and 15 healthy controls from the videofluoroscopic swallowing examinations (VFSEs). Statistical analyses were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the three groups as independent variables with the statistical level set at p<0.05.Results: ILC was longer in stroke survivors compared to head and neck survivors and healthy controls; however, these results were only significant compared to controls. Head and neck cancer survivors exhibited significantly longer LCD when compared to healthy controls, but not to stroke survivors.Conclusions: Differential diagnosis based on swallowing pathophysiology is critical to manage and treat dysphagia in these populations.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42772412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2022.00703
Rebecca Bawayan, Jennifer A. Brown
Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to extend previous knowledge on the language sample analysis (LSA) practices of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) by gathering information on the processes, procedures, clinical judgments, and decisions that current school-based SLPs make during the context of conducting an LSA.Methods: School-based SLPs responded to a survey on current practices, perceived knowledge, knowledge of current recommended practices, and education and training in LSA.Results: Results indicated the majority of school-based SLPs used LSA (90%) during evaluations to supplement information provided on norm-referenced tests and as a naturalistic language measure. However, the results also demonstrate a lack of knowledge of current recommended practices. The respondents, on average, only answered 50% of the knowledge questions correctly.Conclusions: Participant responses to knowledge and practice questions indicated a continued gap in current LSA practice including the context of collected samples, the transcription and recording process, and the analysis measures completed. Additionally, the results indicated a need to look closely at the undergraduate and graduate curriculum on LSA as the respondents indicated the largest amount of education and training coming from these programs.
{"title":"Language sample analysis consideration and use: a survey of school-based speech language pathologists","authors":"Rebecca Bawayan, Jennifer A. Brown","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2022.00703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00703","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to extend previous knowledge on the language sample analysis (LSA) practices of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) by gathering information on the processes, procedures, clinical judgments, and decisions that current school-based SLPs make during the context of conducting an LSA.Methods: School-based SLPs responded to a survey on current practices, perceived knowledge, knowledge of current recommended practices, and education and training in LSA.Results: Results indicated the majority of school-based SLPs used LSA (90%) during evaluations to supplement information provided on norm-referenced tests and as a naturalistic language measure. However, the results also demonstrate a lack of knowledge of current recommended practices. The respondents, on average, only answered 50% of the knowledge questions correctly.Conclusions: Participant responses to knowledge and practice questions indicated a continued gap in current LSA practice including the context of collected samples, the transcription and recording process, and the analysis measures completed. Additionally, the results indicated a need to look closely at the undergraduate and graduate curriculum on LSA as the respondents indicated the largest amount of education and training coming from these programs.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49268661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2022.00661
Ja Kim, Sang-Eok Lee, H. You, HyangHee Kim
Purpose: Chewing problems are a major and prevalent issue in populations with neurological pathologies including cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We measured habitual solid chewing performance in patients with CVA or PD and compared it to that of normal older adults to identify differences in chewing ability between groups.Methods: Measures of habitual solid chewing in 32 patients with CVA, in 35 patients with PD, and in 217 normal older adults were compared. Data on the chewing duration, frequency, and rate were collected using a solid chewing task (SCT). We also analyzed the relationships between dentures, number of teeth, and SCT outcomes.Results: The chewing duration in the PD group was significantly longer than the normal group (p<0.05). Chewing frequency and rate were not significantly different among the three groups. Results can be explained by rigidity and bradykinesia in orofacial structures in the PD group. No significant differences between the PD and CVA groups may be partly explained by the diverse location and size of the CVA lesion compared to the PD. Dentures and the number of teeth were not significantly correlated with SCT outcomes.Conclusions: Chewing impairment remains the area of development for research and rehabilitation, and SCT may help to assess oropharyngeal dysphagia and to identify therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"Evaluation of chewing ability in cerebrovascular accident and Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Ja Kim, Sang-Eok Lee, H. You, HyangHee Kim","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2022.00661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00661","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Chewing problems are a major and prevalent issue in populations with neurological pathologies including cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We measured habitual solid chewing performance in patients with CVA or PD and compared it to that of normal older adults to identify differences in chewing ability between groups.Methods: Measures of habitual solid chewing in 32 patients with CVA, in 35 patients with PD, and in 217 normal older adults were compared. Data on the chewing duration, frequency, and rate were collected using a solid chewing task (SCT). We also analyzed the relationships between dentures, number of teeth, and SCT outcomes.Results: The chewing duration in the PD group was significantly longer than the normal group (p<0.05). Chewing frequency and rate were not significantly different among the three groups. Results can be explained by rigidity and bradykinesia in orofacial structures in the PD group. No significant differences between the PD and CVA groups may be partly explained by the diverse location and size of the CVA lesion compared to the PD. Dentures and the number of teeth were not significantly correlated with SCT outcomes.Conclusions: Chewing impairment remains the area of development for research and rehabilitation, and SCT may help to assess oropharyngeal dysphagia and to identify therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68459047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2021.00633
Hyun Jung Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions of school-based service delivery in speech-language pathology (SLP) among parents of children with and without language difficulties.Methods: A questionnaire was developed to examine the parental perceptions of and desires for school-based service delivery in SLP. The survey was administered to 55 parents of children with language difficulties and 97 parents of children without language difficulties among parents of children in kindergarten and elementary school.Results: First, parents of children with language difficulties perceived that their children’s language skills had an impact on their academic performance and their peer relationships, while parents of children without language difficulties perceived that their children’s language skills had an impact on their academic performance but not their peer relationships. Second, both groups of parents recognized that school-based SLPs were needed to boost their children’s academic performance and social communication skills. They also wanted the service to be delivered within their children’s school curriculum on a regular basis. Third, each group of parents expected that school-based SLPs would help their children in different areas.Conclusions: The results of this study are expected to serve as guidance for the development of school-based service delivery in SLP.
{"title":"Perceptions of school-based service delivery in speech-language pathology among parents of children with and without language difficulties","authors":"Hyun Jung Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2021.00633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00633","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions of school-based service delivery in speech-language pathology (SLP) among parents of children with and without language difficulties.Methods: A questionnaire was developed to examine the parental perceptions of and desires for school-based service delivery in SLP. The survey was administered to 55 parents of children with language difficulties and 97 parents of children without language difficulties among parents of children in kindergarten and elementary school.Results: First, parents of children with language difficulties perceived that their children’s language skills had an impact on their academic performance and their peer relationships, while parents of children without language difficulties perceived that their children’s language skills had an impact on their academic performance but not their peer relationships. Second, both groups of parents recognized that school-based SLPs were needed to boost their children’s academic performance and social communication skills. They also wanted the service to be delivered within their children’s school curriculum on a regular basis. Third, each group of parents expected that school-based SLPs would help their children in different areas.Conclusions: The results of this study are expected to serve as guidance for the development of school-based service delivery in SLP.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49537615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2021.00591
Philemon Benison, Himanshu Verma, G. Hariprasad
Purpose: Several tools are available to assess the quality of life for speech, language, voice, and swallowing disorders in Indian languages. However, limited tools are present to assess the quality of life of dysarthria. So, the present study aims to translate and validate the Quality of Life in the Dysarthric Speaker (QoL-DyS) questionnaire into the Telugu language.Methods: A total of 30 different types of dysarthria and 30 age-matched controls participated in the present study. The QoL-DyS tool was trans-adapted in the Telugu language using a standardized procedure and administered to the participants. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, scale statistics, and item statistics were computed.Results: The present study revealed that the developed tool has good (i.e., 0.81) overall internal consistency and excellent (i.e., 0.92) test-retest reliability. The significant difference (i.e., p<0.05) was found between the experimental and control group.Conclusions: From the present study, we can conclude that the Telugu QOL-DyS is a reliable tool. It is applicable in clinical practice for the self-assessment of the quality of life in dysarthric speakers. Hence, the Telugu QOL-DyS is recommended in clinical practice, and there is a need to develop QoL-DyS in other Indian languages.
{"title":"Translation and validation of communicative quality of life in the dysarthric speaker questionnaire in telugu","authors":"Philemon Benison, Himanshu Verma, G. Hariprasad","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2021.00591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00591","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Several tools are available to assess the quality of life for speech, language, voice, and swallowing disorders in Indian languages. However, limited tools are present to assess the quality of life of dysarthria. So, the present study aims to translate and validate the Quality of Life in the Dysarthric Speaker (QoL-DyS) questionnaire into the Telugu language.Methods: A total of 30 different types of dysarthria and 30 age-matched controls participated in the present study. The QoL-DyS tool was trans-adapted in the Telugu language using a standardized procedure and administered to the participants. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, scale statistics, and item statistics were computed.Results: The present study revealed that the developed tool has good (i.e., 0.81) overall internal consistency and excellent (i.e., 0.92) test-retest reliability. The significant difference (i.e., p<0.05) was found between the experimental and control group.Conclusions: From the present study, we can conclude that the Telugu QOL-DyS is a reliable tool. It is applicable in clinical practice for the self-assessment of the quality of life in dysarthric speakers. Hence, the Telugu QOL-DyS is recommended in clinical practice, and there is a need to develop QoL-DyS in other Indian languages.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48139519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2021.00479
Bita Payesteh, L. Finestack
Purpose: This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the language development of bilingual children who attend a Persian immersion preschool in the United States, with a specific focus on their microstructural language skills derived from a story retell task.Methods: Participants included two groups of preschoolers: 14 Persian-English bilingual children who attended a Persian immersion preschool (2- through 5-years of age) and 16 monolingual English-speaking children who attended an English-only preschool (3- through 5-years of age). Participants completed a story retell task, and their parents completed a questionnaire regarding their child’s language environment.Results: Analyses revealed that Persian-English bilingual children produced narratives that are comparable to their same-aged, English monolingual peers with regard to measures of microstructure. Furthermore, mean length of utterance in morphemes was significantly associated with parental language input, positively with Persian input, and negatively with English input.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that Persian-English bilingual children who attend a Persian immersion preschool develop English to a level comparable to same-age English monolingual peers based on language produced during a story retell task.
{"title":"Narrative language development of Persian-English bilingual children attending an immersion preschool","authors":"Bita Payesteh, L. Finestack","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2021.00479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00479","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the language development of bilingual children who attend a Persian immersion preschool in the United States, with a specific focus on their microstructural language skills derived from a story retell task.Methods: Participants included two groups of preschoolers: 14 Persian-English bilingual children who attended a Persian immersion preschool (2- through 5-years of age) and 16 monolingual English-speaking children who attended an English-only preschool (3- through 5-years of age). Participants completed a story retell task, and their parents completed a questionnaire regarding their child’s language environment.Results: Analyses revealed that Persian-English bilingual children produced narratives that are comparable to their same-aged, English monolingual peers with regard to measures of microstructure. Furthermore, mean length of utterance in morphemes was significantly associated with parental language input, positively with Persian input, and negatively with English input.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that Persian-English bilingual children who attend a Persian immersion preschool develop English to a level comparable to same-age English monolingual peers based on language produced during a story retell task.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2021.00549
Myoung Soon Lee, HyunWook Park
Purpose: This study aims to analyze acoustic characteristics of Korean words and nonwords according to resyllabification and meaningfulness.Methods: The experimental data consisted of 10 homonyms and 10 corresponding words. Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) 4150B was used in a quiet place for recording. Moreover, the randomized word list was presented to 20 subjects, and they were asked to read naturally as if they were talking comfortably to the subjects. The analysis program was Praat 6151 win 64bit (Boersma & Weenink, 2021). Pitch, intensity, and duration of the words and the first and the second syllables were measured, and the resyllabification liaison rules and resyllabification influenced them. To investigate acoustic characteristics according to resyllabification, independent sample t-test and multivariate test were conducted using SPSS 26 for the statistical processing of a syllable’s pitch, intensity, and duration changes.Results: First, there was a significant difference between the groups in post-syllable pitch ratio in words and nonwords, which was 40s–50s pitch change was greater than that of 20s–30s. Second, the post-syllable pitch ratio was a significant difference between gender groups and according to the effect of the liaison rule. Third, the post-syllable duration ratio showed a significant difference between age groups. The post-syllable pitch ratio was a significant difference according to the effect of the liaison rule.Conclusions: Therefore, when resyllabifications are generated by the liaison rule, the change of the post-syllable pitch can be explained by the focus prosody, and further research will be needed to establish a solid basis for this study.
{"title":"Acoustic characteristics of resyllabification process in Korean","authors":"Myoung Soon Lee, HyunWook Park","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2021.00549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00549","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to analyze acoustic characteristics of Korean words and nonwords according to resyllabification and meaningfulness.Methods: The experimental data consisted of 10 homonyms and 10 corresponding words. Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) 4150B was used in a quiet place for recording. Moreover, the randomized word list was presented to 20 subjects, and they were asked to read naturally as if they were talking comfortably to the subjects. The analysis program was Praat 6151 win 64bit (Boersma & Weenink, 2021). Pitch, intensity, and duration of the words and the first and the second syllables were measured, and the resyllabification liaison rules and resyllabification influenced them. To investigate acoustic characteristics according to resyllabification, independent sample t-test and multivariate test were conducted using SPSS 26 for the statistical processing of a syllable’s pitch, intensity, and duration changes.Results: First, there was a significant difference between the groups in post-syllable pitch ratio in words and nonwords, which was 40s–50s pitch change was greater than that of 20s–30s. Second, the post-syllable pitch ratio was a significant difference between gender groups and according to the effect of the liaison rule. Third, the post-syllable duration ratio showed a significant difference between age groups. The post-syllable pitch ratio was a significant difference according to the effect of the liaison rule.Conclusions: Therefore, when resyllabifications are generated by the liaison rule, the change of the post-syllable pitch can be explained by the focus prosody, and further research will be needed to establish a solid basis for this study.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47616388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.21849/cacd.2021.00465
V. Narne, Nachiketa Tiwari
Purpose: The Long-Term Average Speech Spectrum (LTASS) and Dynamic Range (DR) of speech strongly influence estimates of Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), gain and compression required for hearing aid fitting. It is also known that acoustic and linguistic characteristics of a language have a bearing on its LTASS and DR. Thus, there is a need to estimate LTASS and DR for Indian languages. The present work on three Indian languages fills this gap and contrasts LTASS and DR attributes of these languages against British English.Methods: For this purpose, LTASS and DR were measured for 21 one-third octave bands in the frequency range of 0.1 to 10 kHz for Hindi, Kannada, Indian English and British English.Results: Our work shows that the DR of Indian languages studied is 7-10 dB less relative to that of British English. We also report that LTASS levels for Indian languages are 7 dB lower relative to British English for frequencies above 1 kHz. Finally, we observed that LTASS and DR attributes across genders were more or less the same.Conclusions: Given the evidence presented in this work that LTASS and DR characteristics for Indian languages analyzed are markedly different than those for BE, there is a need to determine Indian language specific SII, as well as gain and compression parameters used in hearing aids.
{"title":"Cross-language comparison of long-term average speech spectrum and dynamic range for three Indian languages and British English","authors":"V. Narne, Nachiketa Tiwari","doi":"10.21849/cacd.2021.00465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00465","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The Long-Term Average Speech Spectrum (LTASS) and Dynamic Range (DR) of speech strongly influence estimates of Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), gain and compression required for hearing aid fitting. It is also known that acoustic and linguistic characteristics of a language have a bearing on its LTASS and DR. Thus, there is a need to estimate LTASS and DR for Indian languages. The present work on three Indian languages fills this gap and contrasts LTASS and DR attributes of these languages against British English.Methods: For this purpose, LTASS and DR were measured for 21 one-third octave bands in the frequency range of 0.1 to 10 kHz for Hindi, Kannada, Indian English and British English.Results: Our work shows that the DR of Indian languages studied is 7-10 dB less relative to that of British English. We also report that LTASS levels for Indian languages are 7 dB lower relative to British English for frequencies above 1 kHz. Finally, we observed that LTASS and DR attributes across genders were more or less the same.Conclusions: Given the evidence presented in this work that LTASS and DR characteristics for Indian languages analyzed are markedly different than those for BE, there is a need to determine Indian language specific SII, as well as gain and compression parameters used in hearing aids.","PeriodicalId":10238,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44231025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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