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Investigating interferon type I responses in patients with suspected giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. 调查巨细胞动脉炎和多发性风湿痛疑似患者的 I 型干扰素反应。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae085
Marieke van Nieuwland, A H Leontine Mulder, Edgar M Colin, Celina Alves, Lenny van Bon, Elisabeth Brouwer

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are closely related inflammatory disorders. Easily measurable biomarkers defining active disease and identifying patients in need of glucocorticoid sparing treatment options are highly desired. Interferon Type I (IFN-I) might be involved in disease pathology; however, evidence is limited. This study explores a systemic IFN-I signature and expression of IFN-I markers in GCA and PMR patients. Treatment naive GCA and PMR patients, and PMR patients with glucocorticoid treatment were included. Patients suspected of but not diagnosed with GCA were used as controls. Five relevant IFN-I-stimulated genes were identified in literature, and relative expression levels were determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. An IFN-I score was generated. Serum levels of IFN-I induced C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and Galectin-9 were determined by multiplex immunoassay. There were no differences in IFN-I scores between the groups. An IFN-I signature was observed in 0/9 controls, 2/11 GCA patients, 4/20 treatment naive PMR patients, and 2/10 PMR patients with treatment. Serum CXCL10 and Galectin-9 were not increased in GCA or PMR patients compared to control patients. Treated PMR patients had lower CXCL10 levels [423.2 pg/ml (375.1-491.1)] compared to treatment naive PMR patients [641.8 pg/ml (552.8-830.6)]. An IFN-I signature does not distinguish GCA and PMR patients from controls. Also, IFN-I-induced serum markers are not upregulated in GCA and PMR patients. Easily measurable IFN-I-induced serum markers will therefore probably not aid in diagnosis and additional treatment options in newly diagnosed GCA and PMR patients.

巨细胞动脉炎(GCA)和多发性风湿痛(PMR)是密切相关的炎症性疾病。人们非常希望能有易于测量的生物标志物来确定活动性疾病,并识别出需要糖皮质激素(GC)辅助治疗的患者。I 型干扰素(IFN-I)可能与疾病病理有关,但证据有限。本研究探讨了GCA和PMR患者的全身IFN-I特征和IFN-I标记物的表达。研究对象包括未经治疗的GCA和PMR患者,以及接受过GC治疗的PMR患者。疑似但未确诊为 GCA 的患者作为对照组。在文献中确定了五个相关的 IFN-I 刺激基因(ISGs),并使用 RT-qPCR 测定了 PBMCs 中的相对表达水平。得出 IFN-I 评分。通过多重免疫测定法测定了血清中 IFN-I 诱导的 CXCL10 和 Galactin-9 的水平。各组之间的 IFN-I 评分没有差异。在 0/9 例对照组、2/11 例 GCA 患者、4/20 例未接受治疗的 PMR 患者和 2/10 例接受治疗的 PMR 患者中观察到 IFN-I 标志。与对照组患者相比,GCA 或 PMR 患者的血清 CXCL10 和 Galactin-9 没有增加。接受治疗的 PMR 患者的 CXCL10 水平(423.2 pg/ml (375.1-491.1))低于接受治疗的未接受治疗的 PMR 患者(641.8 pg/ml (552.8-830.6))。IFN-I特征并不能将GCA和PMR患者与对照组区分开来。此外,IFN-I诱导的血清标记物在GCA和PMR患者中也没有上调。因此,易于测量的 IFN-I 诱导的血清标记物可能无法帮助诊断新诊断的 GCA 和 PMR 患者,也无法为其提供更多的治疗选择。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Cisplatin-mediated down-regulation of miR-145 contributes to up-regulation of PD-L1 via the c-Myc transcription factor in cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. 更正为顺铂介导的 miR-145 下调有助于顺铂耐药卵巢癌细胞通过 c-Myc 转录因子上调 PD-L1。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae091
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引用次数: 0
Human FCHO1 deficiency - Review of the Literature and Additional Two Cases. 人类 FCHO1 缺乏症 - 文献综述和新增的两个病例。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae097
Cansu Özdemiral, Ismail Yaz, Saliha Esenboga, Nadira Nabiyeva Cevik, Hacer Neslihan Bildik, Mehmet Kilic, Ilhan Tezcan, Deniz Cagdas

F-BAR domain only protein 1(FCHO1) contributes as a critical component to an essential cellular process, clathrin-mediated endocytosis(CME). CME involves cellular membrane invagination followed by cargo protein recruitment and adaptor protein assembly to form endocytic vesicles, maintains several cellular functions, such as signaling, differentiation, nutrition, absorption, and secretion. We aimed to determine the clinical/immunological findings in FCHO1 deficiency to generate appropriate medical approach. We present clinical/immunological/genetic findings of two FCHO1 deficiency patients together with recently reported 17 patients. We found two different variants in the patients, one previously defined and one novel homozygous mutation(c.306C>A(p.Tyr102Ter)). Recurrent sinopulmonary infections occurred in all patients, with viral(63.1%) and fungal(52.6%) infections frequently reported. Lymphopenia and CD4+T cell lymphopenia are present in 77.7%(14/18) and 100% of patients, respectively. CD8+ T cell number is low in half. Hypogammaglobulinemia and low IgM are present in 83.3%(15/18) and 61.1%(11/18) of patients, respectively. Neurological disorders(Guillian-Barre Syndrome, Moya Moya disease, encephalitis, and cranial infarction) are common(n=6(31.5%)). Malignancy is present in four(21%) patients, three suffered from diffuse large B cell lymphoma and one developed Hodgkin lymphoma. Additional clinical and laboratory results from more patients helped to define the characteristics of FCHO1 deficiency. The early application of molecular genetic analysis in CID patients is crucial. Since all transplanted patients were alive, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation emerged as a potential curative therapy.

仅有 F-BAR 结构域的蛋白 1(FCHO1)是一个重要的细胞过程--凝集素介导的内吞作用(CME)--的关键组成部分。CME涉及细胞膜内陷,然后是货物蛋白招募和适配蛋白组装,形成内吞囊泡,维持多种细胞功能,如信号传导、分化、营养、吸收和分泌。我们的目的是确定 FCHO1 缺乏症的临床/免疫学结果,以制定适当的医疗方法。我们介绍了两名 FCHO1 缺乏症患者的临床/免疫学/遗传学结果,以及最近报道的 17 名患者的临床/免疫学/遗传学结果。我们在患者中发现了两种不同的变异,一种是以前定义的变异,另一种是新的同基因突变(c.306C>A(p.Tyr102Ter))。所有患者均有反复窦肺感染,其中病毒感染(63.1%)和真菌感染(52.6%)报告较多。77.7%(14/18)和100%的患者分别出现淋巴细胞减少症和CD4+T细胞淋巴细胞减少症。半数患者的 CD8+ T 细胞数量偏低。83.3%(15/18)和61.1%(11/18)的患者分别出现低丙种球蛋白血症和低IgM。神经系统疾病(吉利安-巴雷综合征、莫雅-莫雅病、脑炎和颅内梗塞)很常见(6 例(31.5%))。4名患者(21%)患有恶性肿瘤,其中3人罹患弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤,1人罹患霍奇金淋巴瘤。更多患者的临床和实验室结果有助于确定 FCHO1 缺乏症的特征。尽早对 CID 患者进行分子遗传分析至关重要。由于所有接受移植的患者均存活,异基因造血干细胞移植成为一种潜在的治愈疗法。
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引用次数: 0
The B-cells paradigm in Systemic Sclerosis: an update on pathophysiology and B-cell targeted therapies. 系统性硬化症中的 B 细胞范例:病理生理学和 B 细胞靶向疗法的最新进展。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae098
Cristina Scaletti, Sara Pratesi, Silvia Bellando Randone, Linda Di Pietro, Corrado Campochiaro, Francesco Annunziato, Marco Matucci Cerinic

Systemic sclerosis is considered a rare autoimmune disease in which there are alterations of both the innate and adaptive immune response resulting in the production of autoantibodies. Abnormalities of the immune system compromise the normal function of blood vessels leading to a vasculopathy manifested by Raynaud's phenomenon, an early sign of systemic sclerosis. As a consequence of this reactive picture, the disease can evolve leading to tissue fibrosis. Several systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies are currently known and are associated with specific clinical manifestations and prognosis. Although the pathogenetic role of these autoantibodies is still unclear, their production by B cells and plasma cells suggests the importance of these cells in the development of systemic sclerosis. This review narratively examines B cell dysfunctions and their role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis and discusses B cell-targeted therapies currently used or potentially useful for the management of end-organ complications.

系统性硬化症是一种罕见的自身免疫性疾病,先天性免疫反应和适应性免疫反应都会发生改变,从而产生自身抗体。免疫系统的异常会损害血管的正常功能,导致血管病变,表现为雷诺现象,这是系统性硬化症的早期症状。由于这种反应性症状,疾病会发展成组织纤维化。目前已知的几种系统性硬化症特异性自身抗体与特定的临床表现和预后有关。虽然这些自身抗体的致病作用尚不明确,但它们由 B 细胞和浆细胞产生,表明这些细胞在系统性硬化症的发病过程中起着重要作用。这篇综述叙述了 B 细胞功能障碍及其在系统性硬化症发病机制中的作用,并讨论了目前用于或可能用于治疗终末器官并发症的 B 细胞靶向疗法。
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引用次数: 0
Antigen-specific T cell frequency and phenotype mirrors disease activity in DRB1*04:04+ rheumatoid arthritis patients. 抗原特异性 T 细胞频率和表型反映了 DRB1*04:04+ 类风湿性关节炎患者的疾病活动。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae102
Cliff Rims, Hannes Uchtenhagen, Kadin Brooks, Bernard Ng, Sylvia E Posso, Jeffrey Carlin, William W Kwok, Jane H Buckner, Eddie A James

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with high-risk HLA class II alleles known as the "RA shared epitope." Among prevalent shared epitope alleles, study of DRB1*04:04 has been limited. To define relevant epitopes, we identified citrullinated peptide sequences from synovial antigens that were predicted to bind to HLA-DRB1*04:04 and utilized a systematic approach to confirm their binding and assess their recognition by CD4 T cells. After confirming the immunogenicity of 13 peptides derived from aggrecan, cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP), α-enolase, vimentin, and fibrinogen, we assessed their recognition by T cells from a synovial tissue sample, observing measurable responses to 8 of the 13 peptides. We then implemented a multicolor tetramer panel to evaluate the frequency and phenotype of antigen-specific CD4 T cells in individuals with anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive RA and controls. In subjects with RA, CILP-specific T cell frequencies were significantly higher than those of other antigens. The surface phenotypes exhibited by antigen-specific T cells were heterogeneous, but Th1-like and Th2-like cells predominated. Stratifying based on disease status and activity, antigen-specific T cells were more frequent and most strongly polarized in RA subjects with high disease activity. In total, these findings identify novel citrullinated epitopes that can be used to interrogate antigen-specific CD4 T cells and show that antigen-specific T cell frequency is elevated in subjects with high disease activity.

类风湿性关节炎(RA)与被称为 "RA 共享表位 "的高风险 HLA II 类等位基因有关。在流行的共享表位等位基因中,对 DRB1*04:04 的研究还很有限。为了确定相关表位,我们从滑膜抗原中鉴定出了可与 HLA-DRB1*04:04 结合的瓜氨酸肽序列,并利用系统方法确认了它们的结合,评估了 CD4 T 细胞对它们的识别。在确认了从凝集素、软骨中间层蛋白(CILP)、α-烯醇化酶、波形蛋白和纤维蛋白原中提取的 13 种肽的免疫原性后,我们评估了滑膜组织样本中的 T 细胞对它们的识别能力,观察到了 13 种肽中 8 种肽的可测量反应。然后,我们采用多色四聚体面板来评估抗瓜氨酸蛋白抗体(ACPA)阳性 RA 患者和对照组中抗原特异性 CD4 T 细胞的频率和表型。在 RA 患者中,CILP 特异性 T 细胞的频率明显高于其他抗原。抗原特异性T细胞的表面表型各不相同,但以Th1样和Th2样细胞为主。根据疾病状态和活动性进行分层,抗原特异性 T 细胞在疾病活动性高的 RA 受试者中更为常见,极化程度也最强。总之,这些研究结果确定了可用于检测抗原特异性 CD4 T 细胞的新型瓜氨酸表位,并表明疾病活动度高的受试者体内抗原特异性 T 细胞频率升高。
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引用次数: 0
The role of vitamin D: a promising pathway to combat neuropsychiatric lupus disorders. 维生素 D 的作用:防治神经精神狼疮疾病的有效途径。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae099
Thaís Evelyn Karnopp, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Maria Luísa Gasparini, Natália Garcia Dos Santos, Vinicius da Silva Freitas, Marina Piccoli, Andressa Leite Di Domenico, Lucas Denardi Doria, Nikolas Mateus Pereira de Souza, Alexandre Rieger, Eduarda Correa Freitas, Fernanda Visioli, Odirlei André Monticielo

To evaluate neuropsychiatric manifestations in the pristane-induced lupus (PIL) model, as well as to evaluate immunoregulatory effects of vitamin D (vit-D) in the brain of mice with PIL. Eighty female BALB/c mice were divided into six groups with 90 (3 months) and 180 (6 months) days of experimentation: CO3, CO6 (controls), PIL3, PIL6 (pristane-induced lupus), VD3 and VD6 (PIL supplemented with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D). Forced-swim, elevated plus maze and Barnes maze were the behavioral tests performed. Expression of pVDR was assessed by immunofluorescence. Brain IgM and IgG deposits were evaluated by double staining fluorescence. Serum IL-6 and IFN-α1 were quantified by ELISA. AUC-ROC curve was also performed for immunoglobulins. PIL and VD showed depressive-like behavior in the forced-swim test and anxious-like behavior in the elevated plus maze test. PIL also presented cognitive and memory impairment in the Barnes maze test. Additionally, PIL and VD presented higher levels of serum IFN-α1, but not IL-6. Mice supplemented with vit-D had reduced IgM and IgG deposits and increased pVDR expression in the brain after 180 days. The AUC-ROC curve demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for IgM and IgG in the brain. We observed neuropsychiatric manifestations in this model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), strongly corroborating to PIL model being suitable as a neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) model. Vit-D was able to reduce immunoglobulin deposits in the brain and influenced the levels of serum IL-6 in the animals assessed. Also, it improved memory, but it had no effect on depressive and anxious-like behavior.

评估普里斯坦诱导狼疮(PIL)模型的神经精神表现,并评估维生素 D(vit-D)对 PIL 小鼠大脑的免疫调节作用。80 只雌性 BALB/c 小鼠被分为 6 组,实验天数分别为 90 天(3 个月)和 180 天(6 个月):CO3、CO6(对照组)、PIL3、PIL6(普里斯坦诱导的狼疮)、VD3 和 VD6(补充 1,25-二羟维生素 D 的 PIL)。进行的行为测试包括强迫游泳、高架迷宫和巴恩斯迷宫。免疫荧光评估了 pVDR 的表达。脑IgM和IgG沉积物通过双重荧光染色进行评估。血清IL-6和IFN-α1通过ELISA进行定量。还对免疫球蛋白进行了AUC-ROC曲线分析。PIL和VD在强迫游泳测试中表现出抑郁样行为,在高架加迷宫测试中表现出焦虑样行为。PIL 还在巴恩斯迷宫测试中表现出认知和记忆障碍。此外,PIL 和 VD 的血清 IFN-α1 水平较高,但 IL-6 水平不高。180 天后,补充维生素 D 的小鼠脑内 IgM 和 IgG 沉积减少,pVDR 表达增加。AUC-ROC曲线显示了大脑中IgM和IgG的高灵敏度和特异性。我们在该系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)模型中观察到了神经精神表现,这有力地证明了 PIL 模型适合作为神经精神狼疮(NPSLE)模型。Vit-D 能够减少大脑中的免疫球蛋白沉积,并影响被评估动物的血清 IL-6 水平。此外,它还能改善记忆力,但对抑郁和焦虑行为没有影响。
{"title":"The role of vitamin D: a promising pathway to combat neuropsychiatric lupus disorders.","authors":"Thaís Evelyn Karnopp, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Maria Luísa Gasparini, Natália Garcia Dos Santos, Vinicius da Silva Freitas, Marina Piccoli, Andressa Leite Di Domenico, Lucas Denardi Doria, Nikolas Mateus Pereira de Souza, Alexandre Rieger, Eduarda Correa Freitas, Fernanda Visioli, Odirlei André Monticielo","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cei/uxae099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate neuropsychiatric manifestations in the pristane-induced lupus (PIL) model, as well as to evaluate immunoregulatory effects of vitamin D (vit-D) in the brain of mice with PIL. Eighty female BALB/c mice were divided into six groups with 90 (3 months) and 180 (6 months) days of experimentation: CO3, CO6 (controls), PIL3, PIL6 (pristane-induced lupus), VD3 and VD6 (PIL supplemented with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D). Forced-swim, elevated plus maze and Barnes maze were the behavioral tests performed. Expression of pVDR was assessed by immunofluorescence. Brain IgM and IgG deposits were evaluated by double staining fluorescence. Serum IL-6 and IFN-α1 were quantified by ELISA. AUC-ROC curve was also performed for immunoglobulins. PIL and VD showed depressive-like behavior in the forced-swim test and anxious-like behavior in the elevated plus maze test. PIL also presented cognitive and memory impairment in the Barnes maze test. Additionally, PIL and VD presented higher levels of serum IFN-α1, but not IL-6. Mice supplemented with vit-D had reduced IgM and IgG deposits and increased pVDR expression in the brain after 180 days. The AUC-ROC curve demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for IgM and IgG in the brain. We observed neuropsychiatric manifestations in this model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), strongly corroborating to PIL model being suitable as a neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) model. Vit-D was able to reduce immunoglobulin deposits in the brain and influenced the levels of serum IL-6 in the animals assessed. Also, it improved memory, but it had no effect on depressive and anxious-like behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Increased expression of CXCL10 and CCL3 salivary gland chemokines in primary Sjögren's syndrome detected and systematically quantified using novel RNAscope® in situ hybridisation. 利用新型 RNAscope® 原位杂交技术检测并系统量化原发性斯约格伦综合征患者唾液腺趋化因子 CXCL10 和 CCL3 的表达。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae087
Hanne Borge, Ingrid Beate Ringstad, Lara A Aqrawi, Siren Fromreide, Harsh Nitin Dongre, Hilde Kanli Galtung, Janicke Liaaen Jensen, Kathrine Skarstein

Primary Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by the destruction of exocrine glands. We have previously shown significantly upregulated levels of CXCL10 and CCL3 chemokines in saliva from Sjogren's syndrome patients. In this study, we examined the expression pattern and localisation of these chemokines at the site of inflammation in patients' minor salivary glands using novel RNAscope® in situ hybridisation. Minor salivary glands from 33 primary Sjogren's syndrome patients and 22 non-Sjogren's syndrome sicca controls were included. The biopsies were formalin- fixed, paraffin-embedded and histopathologically evaluated. The CXCL10 and CCL3 mRNA expression in the glandular tissue was investigated using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by RNAscope® in situ hybridisation. The mRNA expression of CXCL10 was higher than CCL3 in all patients. Significantly elevated expression of CXCL10 and CCL3 was detected in patients that also expressed autoantibody positivity and a positive biopsy for mononuclear cell infiltrates when compared to controls. CXCL10 was localised as clusters within focal infiltrates as well as adjacent to acinar and ductal epithelium, while CCL3 was expressed as scattered single mRNA molecules in focal infiltrates and in acinar cells. Our findings suggest CXCL10 as a possible disease biomarker in primary Sjogren's syndrome due to its upregulated expression in both saliva and minor salivary glands of patients and the localisation in the tissue. This should be re-assessed in a larger primary Sjogren's syndrome patient cohort, followed by additional functional studies to further validate its potential as a disease biomarker.

原发性斯尤金综合征是一种以外分泌腺体破坏为特征的慢性炎症性疾病。我们以前曾发现,在斯尤金综合征患者的唾液中,CXCL10 和 CCL3 趋化因子的水平明显上调。在本研究中,我们使用新型 RNAscope® 原位杂交技术检测了这些趋化因子在患者小唾液腺炎症部位的表达模式和定位。研究对象包括 33 名原发性 Sjogren's 综合征患者的小唾液腺和 22 名非 Sjogren's 综合征筛查对照者的小唾液腺。活检组织经福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋和组织病理学评估。采用反转录定量实时聚合酶链反应和 RNAscope® 原位杂交法检测腺体组织中 CXCL10 和 CCL3 mRNA 的表达。在所有患者中,CXCL10 的 mRNA 表达均高于 CCL3。与对照组相比,在自身抗体阳性和活检单核细胞浸润阳性的患者中,CXCL10 和 CCL3 的表达明显升高。CXCL10 在局灶性浸润中以及毗邻尖状上皮和导管上皮的部位呈集群分布,而 CCL3 则在局灶性浸润和尖状上皮细胞中以分散的单个 mRNA 分子形式表达。我们的研究结果表明,由于 CXCL10 在患者唾液和小唾液腺中的表达上调以及在组织中的定位,它可能是原发性 Sjogren's 综合征的疾病生物标记物。应该在更大的原发性斯约格伦综合征患者群中重新评估这一结果,然后进行更多的功能研究,以进一步验证其作为疾病生物标志物的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic Accuracy of Saliva-based Testing as a Vibrio Cholerae Surveillance Tool among naturally-infected patients. 将唾液检测作为自然感染患者霍乱弧菌监测工具的诊断准确性。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae092
Caroline C Chisenga, Bernard Phiri, Harriet Ng'ombe, Mutinta Muchimba, Fraser Liswaniso, Biana Bernshtein, Adam F Cunningham, David Sack, Samuel Bosomprah

Saliva, as a diagnostic medium, offers a promising alternative to blood by virtue of its non-invasive collection, which enhances patient compliance, especially in paediatric and geriatric populations. In this study, we assessed the utility of saliva as a non-invasive medium for measuring V. cholerae-specific serum antibodies in naturally infected individuals. We tested paired serum and saliva samples obtained from a total of 63 cholera patients enrolled in a cohort study. Vibriocidal antibodies assay (IgM/IgG) as markers for accurate determination was used to determine cholera specific antibody levels. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, we found that the best cut-off that maximizes (sensitivity + specificity) is 10 titres. At this saliva titre, the sensitivity is 76.9% (95%CI: 60.9%, 87.7%) and specificity is 80.0% (95%CI: 56.6%, 92.5%). Using Spearman's correlation coefficient, we also found evidence of a positive correlation between Vibrio Cholerae saliva and serum antibodies (rho=0.66, p<0.001). In conclusion, saliva-based diagnostic cholera tests has high diagnostic accuracy, and would be advantageous, cheaper, and quicker for early diagnosis of severe cholera outcomes.

唾液作为一种诊断介质,因其非侵入性的采集方式而有望成为血液的替代品,从而提高患者的依从性,尤其是在儿科和老年病人群中。在这项研究中,我们评估了唾液作为非侵入性介质测量自然感染者体内霍乱弧菌特异性血清抗体的实用性。我们对参加一项队列研究的 63 名霍乱患者的血清和唾液样本进行了配对检测。以杀菌抗体测定法(IgM/IgG)为标记,准确测定霍乱特异性抗体水平。利用接收器操作特征曲线(ROC),我们发现使(灵敏度+特异性)最大化的最佳临界值是 10 滴度。在此唾液滴度下,灵敏度为 76.9%(95%CI:60.9%,87.7%),特异性为 80.0%(95%CI:56.6%,92.5%)。使用斯皮尔曼相关系数(Spearman's correlation coefficient),我们还发现霍乱弧菌唾液抗体与血清抗体之间存在正相关(rho=0.66,p<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
CD8 cell-derived granzyme B may be a predictor for Coronary artery involvement and MACE in Takayasu arteritis patients. CD8细胞衍生的颗粒酶B可能是高安动脉炎患者冠状动脉受累和MACE的预测因子。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae095
Taotao Li, Na Gao, Juan Du, Limin Zhao, Shiyu Yang, Yaxin Zhang, Junming Zhu, Haiou Hu, Zhiyu Qiao, Wei Cui, Lili Pan

Coronary artery involvement (CAI) is a special but not rare manifestation of Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Granzyme B (GzmB) is a multifunctional protease associated with the immune system and coronary artery disease. However, its role in patients with TAK and CAI remains unclear. This study investigates the role of GzmB+ cell subsets in TAK. The study included 105 TAK patients and 58 healthy controls. The percentages of different GzmB+ cells in blood samples were analyzed by flow cytometry. We found that age, age at onset, BMI, disease duration month, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were significantly different between TAK patients with and without CAI (P=0.000, P=0.038, P=0.003, P=0.031, P=0.039, P=0.000). The proportions of CD3+CD8+cells (P=0.001) and CD3+CD4+cells (P=0.000) in GzmB+ cells were significantly increased, while the proportion of CD3-CD56+cells (P=0.001) in GzmB+ cells was decreased in TAK patients. The proportions of three types of GzmB+ subsets in lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+GzmB+, CD3+CD8+GzmB+, CD3+CD56+ GzmB+) were higher in TAK patients with CAI compared to those without CAI (P=0.021, P=0.007, P=0.007). The increased proportion of CD3+CD8+GzmB+cells/lymphocytes was an independent risk factor for coronary involvement in TAK (OR=4.990 [1.766-14.098], P=0.002). Additionally, patients with a high CD3+CD8+GzmB+cells/lymphocytes ratio had a higher MACE rate than those with a low ratio in TAK (P=0.019). Our results indicate that CD8 cell-derived Gzm B may be a predictor for CAI and MACE in TAK patients. Targeting CD3+CD8+GzmB+ lymphocytes or using GzmB inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of CAI in TAK.

冠状动脉受累(CAI)是高安动脉炎(TAK)的一种特殊表现,但并不罕见。颗粒酶 B(GzmB)是一种与免疫系统和冠状动脉疾病相关的多功能蛋白酶。然而,它在 TAK 和 CAI 患者中的作用仍不清楚。本研究调查了GzmB+细胞亚群在TAK中的作用。研究对象包括105名TAK患者和58名健康对照者。通过流式细胞术分析了血液样本中不同GzmB+细胞的百分比。我们发现,年龄、发病年龄、体重指数、病程月数、高血压和高脂血症在有 CAI 和无 CAI 的 TAK 患者之间存在显著差异(P=0.000、P=0.038、P=0.003、P=0.031、P=0.039、P=0.000)。在TAK患者中,GzmB+细胞中CD3+CD8+细胞(P=0.001)和CD3+CD4+细胞(P=0.000)的比例显著增加,而GzmB+细胞中CD3-CD56+细胞(P=0.001)的比例降低。与无CAI的TAK患者相比,有CAI的TAK患者淋巴细胞中三种GzmB+亚群(CD3+CD4+GzmB+、CD3+CD8+GzmB+、CD3+CD56+GzmB+)的比例更高(P=0.021、P=0.007、P=0.007)。CD3+CD8+GzmB+细胞/淋巴细胞比例的增加是TAK患者冠状动脉受累的独立危险因素(OR=4.990 [1.766-14.098],P=0.002)。此外,在TAK中,CD3+CD8+GzmB+细胞/淋巴细胞比率高的患者比比率低的患者有更高的MACE率(P=0.019)。我们的研究结果表明,CD8细胞衍生的Gzm B可能是TAK患者CAI和MACE的预测因子。针对CD3+CD8+GzmB+淋巴细胞或使用GzmB抑制剂可能是治疗TAK患者CAI的一种潜在治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Circulating B Cells Display Differential Immune Regulatory Molecule Expression in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. 肉芽肿性多血管炎患者循环 B 细胞的免疫调节分子表达存在差异
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae096
Carlo G Bonasia, Nanthicha Inrueangsri, Theo Bijma, Malte Borggrewe, Aline I Post, Kevin P Mennega, Wayel H Abdulahad, Abraham Rutgers, Nicolaas A Bos, Peter Heeringa

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a B cell-mediated, relapsing, autoimmune disease. There is a need for novel therapeutic approaches and relapse markers to achieve durable remission. B cells express immune regulatory molecules that modulate their activation and maintain tolerance. While recent studies show dysregulation of these molecules in other autoimmune diseases, data on their expression in GPA are limited. This study aimed to map the expression of surface immune regulatory molecules on circulating B cell subsets in GPA and correlate their expression with clinical parameters. Immune regulatory molecule expression on circulating B cell subsets was comprehensively examined in active GPA (n=16), GPA in remission (n=16), and healthy controls (HCs, n=16) cross-sectionally using a 35-color B cell-specific spectral flow cytometry panel. Our supervised and unsupervised in-depth analysis revealed differential expression of inhibitory and stimulatory immune molecules on distinct B cell populations in GPA, with the most notable differences observed in active GPA. These differences include the upregulation of FcγRIIB on non-mature B cells, downregulation of CD21 and upregulation of CD86 on antigen-experienced B cells, and elevated CD22 expression on various populations. Additionally, we found a strong association between FcγRIIB, BTLA, and CD21 expression on specific B cell populations and disease activity in GPA. Together, these findings provide novel insights into the immune regulatory molecule expression profile of B cells in GPA, and could potentially form the foundation for new therapeutic approaches and disease monitoring markers.

多血管炎肉芽肿病(GPA)是一种由 B 细胞介导的复发性自身免疫性疾病。目前需要新的治疗方法和复发标志物来实现持久缓解。B 细胞表达的免疫调节分子可调节其活化并维持耐受性。虽然最近的研究显示这些分子在其他自身免疫性疾病中的表达失调,但有关它们在 GPA 中表达的数据却很有限。本研究旨在绘制 GPA 循环 B 细胞亚群表面免疫调节分子的表达图,并将其表达与临床参数相关联。我们使用 35 色 B 细胞特异性光谱流式细胞仪面板,全面检测了活动期 GPA(16 人)、缓解期 GPA(16 人)和健康对照组(16 人)中循环 B 细胞亚群上免疫调节分子的表达。我们的有监督和无监督深入分析显示,GPA 中不同的 B 细胞群中抑制性和刺激性免疫分子的表达存在差异,在活动期 GPA 中观察到的差异最为显著。这些差异包括非成熟 B 细胞上 FcγRIIB 的上调、抗原经验丰富的 B 细胞上 CD21 的下调和 CD86 的上调,以及各种细胞群中 CD22 表达的升高。此外,我们还发现特定 B 细胞群的 FcγRIIB、BTLA 和 CD21 表达与 GPA 的疾病活动性之间存在密切联系。这些发现为了解 GPA 中 B 细胞的免疫调节分子表达谱提供了新的视角,有可能为新的治疗方法和疾病监测标记物奠定基础。
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Clinical and experimental immunology
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