Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.033
Jie Chen, Lintao Dan, Shuai Yuan, Tian Fu, Jiangwei Sun, Alicja Wolk, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Xue Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Susanna C Larsson
Background and aims: Oxidative stress is an essential factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A previous study found protective potential of some antioxidative nutrients against IBD. However, the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet and incident IBD is unclear.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study including 186,195 IBD-free participants at baseline from the UK Biobank. We calculated dietary TAC using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method based on repeated online 24-hour dietary recalls. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were identified via inpatient register and primary care data. Genetic susceptibility for IBD was assessed by a polygenic risk score. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: During a median follow-up of 11.4 years, we identified 396 CD and 809 UC incident cases. Individuals with the highest quintile of dietary TAC had a lower risk of CD (27.0 vs 17.0 cases/100,000 person-years; aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49-0.90) but not UC (46.7 vs 35.5 cases/100,000 person-years; aHR 0.85, 95% CI 0.69-1.06) compared with the lowest group. We observed interactions between TAC and genetic susceptibility at both multiplicative (P-interaction=0.008/0.063 for CD/UC) and additive (both P values>1) scales. Additionally, a polymorphism of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme gene SOD2 (rs4880) modified the dietary TAC-UC association (P-interaction=0.039).
Conclusion: This study suggests that a diet with high TAC may help prevent the development of IBD, particularly in individuals at high genetic risk of IBD and in mutation carriers of rs4880 in SOD2.
背景和目的:氧化应激是炎症性肠病(IBD)发病机制中的一个重要因素。先前的一项研究发现,一些抗氧化营养素对 IBD 具有保护作用。然而,膳食总抗氧化能力(TAC)与IBD发病之间的关系尚不清楚:我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究,研究对象包括英国生物库中的 186195 名基线无 IBD 的参与者。我们使用氧自由基吸收能力法计算了膳食中的总抗氧化能力,该方法基于重复在线 24 小时膳食回忆。克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是通过住院登记和初级保健数据确定的。IBD的遗传易感性通过多基因风险评分进行评估。采用 Cox 比例危险模型估算多变量调整危险比 (aHR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI):在中位 11.4 年的随访期间,我们发现了 396 例 CD 和 809 例 UC 病例。与最低组相比,膳食中TAC含量最高的五分位数人群罹患CD的风险较低(27.0 vs 17.0例/100,000人-年;aHR 0.66,95% CI 0.49-0.90),但罹患UC的风险较低(46.7 vs 35.5例/100,000人-年;aHR 0.85,95% CI 0.69-1.06)。我们观察到 TAC 与遗传易感性之间在乘法(P-interaction=0.008/0.063,CD/UC)和加法(P 值均大于 1)两个尺度上的相互作用。此外,内源性抗氧化酶基因 SOD2 的多态性(rs4880)改变了膳食中 TAC 与UC 的相关性(P-交互作用=0.039):本研究表明,高TAC饮食可能有助于预防IBD的发生,尤其是对于IBD遗传风险高的人群和SOD2基因rs4880突变携带者。
{"title":"Dietary antioxidant capacity, genetic susceptibility and polymorphism, and inflammatory bowel disease risk in a prospective cohort.","authors":"Jie Chen, Lintao Dan, Shuai Yuan, Tian Fu, Jiangwei Sun, Alicja Wolk, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Xue Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Susanna C Larsson","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Oxidative stress is an essential factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A previous study found protective potential of some antioxidative nutrients against IBD. However, the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet and incident IBD is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort study including 186,195 IBD-free participants at baseline from the UK Biobank. We calculated dietary TAC using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method based on repeated online 24-hour dietary recalls. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were identified via inpatient register and primary care data. Genetic susceptibility for IBD was assessed by a polygenic risk score. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 11.4 years, we identified 396 CD and 809 UC incident cases. Individuals with the highest quintile of dietary TAC had a lower risk of CD (27.0 vs 17.0 cases/100,000 person-years; aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49-0.90) but not UC (46.7 vs 35.5 cases/100,000 person-years; aHR 0.85, 95% CI 0.69-1.06) compared with the lowest group. We observed interactions between TAC and genetic susceptibility at both multiplicative (P-interaction=0.008/0.063 for CD/UC) and additive (both P values>1) scales. Additionally, a polymorphism of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme gene SOD2 (rs4880) modified the dietary TAC-UC association (P-interaction=0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that a diet with high TAC may help prevent the development of IBD, particularly in individuals at high genetic risk of IBD and in mutation carriers of rs4880 in SOD2.</p>","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.052
M Aourag, E T T L Tjwa, M Te Groen
{"title":"Pancreatic panniculitis.","authors":"M Aourag, E T T L Tjwa, M Te Groen","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.034
Guillaume Le Cosquer, Julien Kirchgesner, Cyrielle Gilletta De Saint Joseph, Philippe Seksik, Aurélien Amiot, David Laharie, Maria Nachury, Cléa Rouillon, Vered Abitbol, Alexandre Nuzzo, Stéphane Nancey, Mathurin Fumery, Amélie Biron, Nicolas Richard, Romain Altwegg, Driffa Moussata, Benedicte Caron, Mathias Vidon, Catherine Reenaers, Mathieu Uzzan, Jean-Marie Reimund, Mélanie Serrero, Marion Simon, Alban Benezech, Félix Goutorbe, Anne-Laure Pelletier, Ludovic Caillo, Charlotte Vaysse, Florian Poullenot
Background and aims: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate incident cancer rate (recurrence or new-onset cancer) in a cohort of IBD patients with a history of breast cancer according to the subsequent IBD treatment provided.
Methods: A multicenter retrospective study included consecutive IBD patients with prior breast cancer. The inclusion date corresponded to the diagnosis of index malignancy. Follow-up lasted from cancer diagnosis until the occurrence of incident cancer.
Results: Among 207 patients included (median disease duration: 13 years [IQR 6 - 21]), first line treatment (median interval of 28 months [IQR 7 - 64]) was a conventional immunosuppressant in 19.3 % of patients, anti-TNF in 19.8 %, vedolizumab in 7.2 % and ustekinumab in 1.9 %. After a median follow-up of 71 months [IQR, 34 - 148], 42 (20%) incident cancers were observed (34 breast cancer recurrences). Adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 10.2 (95%CI 6.0- 16.4) for the untreated arm and 28.9 (95%CI 11.6-59.6) for exposed patients (p= 0.0519). There was no significant difference between treated patients and controls regarding incident-cancer free survival rates (p=0.4796). In multivariable analysis, factors associated with incident cancer were stage T4d (p=0.036), triple negative tumor (p=0.016) and follow-up of less than 71 months (p=0.005).
Conclusion: We did not find a statistically significant increase in incident breast cancer related to IBD treatment beyond the already known poor prognostic factors of breast cancer.
{"title":"Risk of incident cancer in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease with prior breast cancer: a multicenter cohort study.","authors":"Guillaume Le Cosquer, Julien Kirchgesner, Cyrielle Gilletta De Saint Joseph, Philippe Seksik, Aurélien Amiot, David Laharie, Maria Nachury, Cléa Rouillon, Vered Abitbol, Alexandre Nuzzo, Stéphane Nancey, Mathurin Fumery, Amélie Biron, Nicolas Richard, Romain Altwegg, Driffa Moussata, Benedicte Caron, Mathias Vidon, Catherine Reenaers, Mathieu Uzzan, Jean-Marie Reimund, Mélanie Serrero, Marion Simon, Alban Benezech, Félix Goutorbe, Anne-Laure Pelletier, Ludovic Caillo, Charlotte Vaysse, Florian Poullenot","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common malignancy observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of our study was to evaluate incident cancer rate (recurrence or new-onset cancer) in a cohort of IBD patients with a history of breast cancer according to the subsequent IBD treatment provided.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter retrospective study included consecutive IBD patients with prior breast cancer. The inclusion date corresponded to the diagnosis of index malignancy. Follow-up lasted from cancer diagnosis until the occurrence of incident cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 207 patients included (median disease duration: 13 years [IQR 6 - 21]), first line treatment (median interval of 28 months [IQR 7 - 64]) was a conventional immunosuppressant in 19.3 % of patients, anti-TNF in 19.8 %, vedolizumab in 7.2 % and ustekinumab in 1.9 %. After a median follow-up of 71 months [IQR, 34 - 148], 42 (20%) incident cancers were observed (34 breast cancer recurrences). Adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 10.2 (95%CI 6.0- 16.4) for the untreated arm and 28.9 (95%CI 11.6-59.6) for exposed patients (p= 0.0519). There was no significant difference between treated patients and controls regarding incident-cancer free survival rates (p=0.4796). In multivariable analysis, factors associated with incident cancer were stage T4d (p=0.036), triple negative tumor (p=0.016) and follow-up of less than 71 months (p=0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We did not find a statistically significant increase in incident breast cancer related to IBD treatment beyond the already known poor prognostic factors of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.008
B Jessen, M T Tordai, B Siegmund
{"title":"Peripheral tumor necrosis factor production is a predictor for remission under adalimumab in Crohn's disease.","authors":"B Jessen, M T Tordai, B Siegmund","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.009
Alberto Murino, Alessandro Rimondi, Edward John Despott
{"title":"The role of piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection for low risk larget than 20 mm nonpedunculated polyps in the right colon.","authors":"Alberto Murino, Alessandro Rimondi, Edward John Despott","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.012
Claire L Jansson-Knodell, David Gardinier, Kendra Weekley, Qijun Yang, Alberto Rubio-Tapia
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Not Yet Ready for Celiac Disease Patient Care.","authors":"Claire L Jansson-Knodell, David Gardinier, Kendra Weekley, Qijun Yang, Alberto Rubio-Tapia","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.011
Madeleine Chang, Mazen Noureddin
{"title":"Evaluating FIB-4 Risk Stratification In the AGA/AASLD Clinical Care Pathway.","authors":"Madeleine Chang, Mazen Noureddin","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.031
Hannah L Thel, Chelsea Anderson, Angela Z Xue, Elisabeth T Jensen, Evan S Dellon
Background and aims: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been continually increasing in prevalence but current estimates are lacking. We aimed to determine updated estimates of the prevalence and medical costs associated with EoE in the United States.
Methods: We used two large administrative databases, MarketScan and Medicare, and International Classification of Disease codes to calculate annual prevalence of EoE, as well as age- and sex- stratified estimates, standardized to the U.S.
Population: Health care utilization, including medications and endoscopic procedures was quantified, and annual EoE-associated costs were estimated.
Results: We identified 20,435 EoE cases in MarketScan in 2022 and 1,913 EoE cases in Medicare in 2017. This translated to prevalences of 163.08 cases/100,000 and 64.83 cases/ 100,000 in MarketScan and Medicare, respectively. There was a 5-fold increase in prevalence in both databases since 2009. In MarketScan, prevalence was higher among males (204.45/100,000 vs 122.06/100,000 among females); for both sexes, peak prevalence was from 40-44years. Standardized to the U.S. population, the prevalence of EoE was 142.5/100,000, extrapolating to 472,380 cases. Total EoE-associated healthcare costs were estimated to be $1.32 billion in 2024 dollars after accounting for inflation.
Conclusions: The prevalence of EoE continues to increase, with a rate of 1 in 617 in 2022 in those <65 years of age, and 1 in 1562 in 2017 those ≥65 years. Standardized to the U.S. population, the overall prevalence was approximately 1 in 700. EoE-associated annual costs were estimated to be $1.3 billion in 2024 dollars, representing a substantial financial burden.
{"title":"Prevalence and costs of eosinophilic esophagitis in the United States.","authors":"Hannah L Thel, Chelsea Anderson, Angela Z Xue, Elisabeth T Jensen, Evan S Dellon","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.09.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been continually increasing in prevalence but current estimates are lacking. We aimed to determine updated estimates of the prevalence and medical costs associated with EoE in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used two large administrative databases, MarketScan and Medicare, and International Classification of Disease codes to calculate annual prevalence of EoE, as well as age- and sex- stratified estimates, standardized to the U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>Health care utilization, including medications and endoscopic procedures was quantified, and annual EoE-associated costs were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 20,435 EoE cases in MarketScan in 2022 and 1,913 EoE cases in Medicare in 2017. This translated to prevalences of 163.08 cases/100,000 and 64.83 cases/ 100,000 in MarketScan and Medicare, respectively. There was a 5-fold increase in prevalence in both databases since 2009. In MarketScan, prevalence was higher among males (204.45/100,000 vs 122.06/100,000 among females); for both sexes, peak prevalence was from 40-44years. Standardized to the U.S. population, the prevalence of EoE was 142.5/100,000, extrapolating to 472,380 cases. Total EoE-associated healthcare costs were estimated to be $1.32 billion in 2024 dollars after accounting for inflation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of EoE continues to increase, with a rate of 1 in 617 in 2022 in those <65 years of age, and 1 in 1562 in 2017 those ≥65 years. Standardized to the U.S. population, the overall prevalence was approximately 1 in 700. EoE-associated annual costs were estimated to be $1.3 billion in 2024 dollars, representing a substantial financial burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.051
Eden Koo, Karim Seif El Dahan, Darine Daher, Nicole E Rich, Sukul Mittal, Ju Dong Yang, Neehar D Parikh, Amit G Singal
Introduction: Guidelines recommend that subcentimeter nodules on ultrasound be followed with short-interval surveillance ultrasound given assumed low risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suboptimal diagnostic imaging performance in lesions < 1cm. We performed a systematic review to estimate HCC risk among patients with cirrhosis and subcentimeter nodules detected on ultrasound.
Methods: We systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for relevant articles published between January 2005 and July 2024. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled proportion of incident HCC.
Results: We identified 9 eligible studies, of which 5 provided both lesion- and patient-level data (n=354 patients), 2 patient-level alone (n=888 patients), and 2 lesion-level alone (n=69 lesions). The pooled proportion of incident HCC was 31.9% (95%CI: 8.7-69.7%) on a lesion-level and 21.3% (95%CI: 6.0-53.6%) on a patient-level; however, pooled estimates were limited by high heterogeneity (I2 >90%). Among two studies with study periods post-dating 2015, HCC developed in only ∼5% of patients during a median follow-up of 2 years. Risk factors associated with incident HCC were older age, male sex, elevated AFP levels, thrombocytopenia, and Child Pugh B cirrhosis. Limitations of studies included small sample sizes, selection bias, ascertainment bias for HCC, and failure to report factors associated with HCC.
Conclusion: Up to one-fifth of patients with subcentimeter nodules may develop HCC, although contemporary cohorts report a substantially lower risk. Older patients and those with elevated AFP levels or poorer liver function are at greatest risk of HCC, highlighting an unmet need for better risk stratification models.
{"title":"Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Subcentimeter Liver Nodules Identified on Surveillance Ultrasound: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Eden Koo, Karim Seif El Dahan, Darine Daher, Nicole E Rich, Sukul Mittal, Ju Dong Yang, Neehar D Parikh, Amit G Singal","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.08.051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Guidelines recommend that subcentimeter nodules on ultrasound be followed with short-interval surveillance ultrasound given assumed low risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suboptimal diagnostic imaging performance in lesions < 1cm. We performed a systematic review to estimate HCC risk among patients with cirrhosis and subcentimeter nodules detected on ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for relevant articles published between January 2005 and July 2024. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled proportion of incident HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 9 eligible studies, of which 5 provided both lesion- and patient-level data (n=354 patients), 2 patient-level alone (n=888 patients), and 2 lesion-level alone (n=69 lesions). The pooled proportion of incident HCC was 31.9% (95%CI: 8.7-69.7%) on a lesion-level and 21.3% (95%CI: 6.0-53.6%) on a patient-level; however, pooled estimates were limited by high heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> >90%). Among two studies with study periods post-dating 2015, HCC developed in only ∼5% of patients during a median follow-up of 2 years. Risk factors associated with incident HCC were older age, male sex, elevated AFP levels, thrombocytopenia, and Child Pugh B cirrhosis. Limitations of studies included small sample sizes, selection bias, ascertainment bias for HCC, and failure to report factors associated with HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Up to one-fifth of patients with subcentimeter nodules may develop HCC, although contemporary cohorts report a substantially lower risk. Older patients and those with elevated AFP levels or poorer liver function are at greatest risk of HCC, highlighting an unmet need for better risk stratification models.</p>","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.003
Tammy L Kindel, Andrew Y Wang, Anupama Wadhwa, Allison R Schulman, Reem Z Sharaiha, Matthew Kroh, Omar M Ghanem, Shauna Levy, Girish P Joshi, Teresa L LaMasters
{"title":"Multisociety Clinical Practice Guidance for the Safe Use of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Perioperative Period.","authors":"Tammy L Kindel, Andrew Y Wang, Anupama Wadhwa, Allison R Schulman, Reem Z Sharaiha, Matthew Kroh, Omar M Ghanem, Shauna Levy, Girish P Joshi, Teresa L LaMasters","doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10347,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}