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2019 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)最新文献

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Converting Neural Networks to Rule Foam 将神经网络转换为规则泡沫
A. K. Panda, B. Kosko
A system of rules can approximate a trained neural classifier after sampling from that classifier. The rules define a generalized probability mixture that then describes the classifier. The size or granularity of the rule if-parts defines a foam-like structure with a few large rule if-part set bubbles in patternclass centers and many smaller if-part sets near class borders. The rule foam's mixture gives a Bayesian posterior over the rules. The posterior describes the relative importance of each rule for each observed input and output. The foam's mixture also gives the conditional variance that measures the uncertainty in its output. So the rule base is statistically interpretable as well as modular and adaptive. A rule foam with 1000 Gaussian rules approximated a 96.85% accurate MNIST neural classifier and had itself 95.66% classification accuracy. Foams can also approximate other foams. Some approximator foams out-performed the target foam that generated their training data. The rule foam's granularity mitigates the rule explosion inherent in the rule-based approximator's graph-covering structure
规则系统可以在对训练好的神经分类器进行采样后近似该分类器。这些规则定义了一个广义概率混合物,然后用来描述分类器。规则if-parts的大小或粒度定义了一个类似泡沫的结构,其中在patternclass中心有几个较大的规则if-part集气泡,在类边界附近有许多较小的if-part集。规则泡沫的混合物给出了规则的贝叶斯后验。后验描述了每个规则对于每个观察到的输入和输出的相对重要性。泡沫的混合物也给出了衡量其输出不确定性的条件方差。因此,该规则库具有统计可解释性、模块化和自适应性。具有1000条高斯规则的规则泡沫近似于96.85%准确率的MNIST神经分类器,其分类准确率为95.66%。泡沫也可以近似于其他泡沫。一些近似泡沫优于生成训练数据的目标泡沫。规则泡沫的粒度减轻了基于规则的近似器的图覆盖结构中固有的规则爆炸
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引用次数: 5
Teaching Cyber Security Topics Effectively in a College or University with Limited Resources 在资源有限的学院或大学有效地教授网络安全主题
C. V. Gonzalez, Gwang Jung
To handle cyber security threats, we need to develop courses to educate students about cyber security concepts, methods to handle various attacks in the cyber space. In this paper, we address what resources would be required to develop courses to effectively teach students the cyber security concepts and methods at small colleges or universities with limited resources.
为了应对网络安全威胁,我们需要开设课程,向学生传授网络安全的概念、处理网络空间各种攻击的方法。在本文中,我们讨论了在资源有限的小型学院或大学开发课程以有效地教授学生网络安全概念和方法所需的资源。
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引用次数: 1
Maintaining Data Integrity in Fog Computing Based Critical Infrastructure Systems 基于雾计算的关键基础设施系统数据完整性维护
Abdulwahab Alazeb, B. Panda
The evolution of the utilization of technologies in nearly all aspects of life has produced an enormous amount of data essential in a smart city. Therefore, maximizing the benefits of technologies such as cloud computing, fog computing, and the Internet of things is important to manage and manipulate data in smart cities. However, certain types of data are sensitive and risky and may be infiltrated by malicious attacks. As a result, such data may be corrupted, thereby causing concern. The damage inflicted by an attacker on a set of data can spread through an entire database. Valid transactions that have read corrupted data can update other data items based on the values read. In this study, we introduce a unique model that uses fog computing in smart cities to manage utility service companies and consumer data. We also propose a novel technique to assess damage to data caused by an attack. Thus, original data can be recovered, and a database can be returned to its consistent state as no attacking has occurred.
生活中几乎所有方面的技术利用的演变产生了智慧城市必不可少的大量数据。因此,最大限度地发挥云计算、雾计算和物联网等技术的优势,对智慧城市的数据管理和操作至关重要。但是,某些类型的数据是敏感和危险的,可能被恶意攻击渗透。因此,这些数据可能被破坏,从而引起关注。攻击者对一组数据造成的损害可以通过整个数据库传播。读取损坏数据的有效事务可以根据读取的值更新其他数据项。在本研究中,我们引入了一个独特的模型,在智慧城市中使用雾计算来管理公用事业服务公司和消费者数据。我们还提出了一种新的技术来评估攻击对数据造成的损害。因此,可以恢复原始数据,并且可以将数据库恢复到未发生攻击时的一致状态。
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引用次数: 11
Agnostic Approach for Microservices Autoscaling in Cloud Applications 云应用中微服务自动扩展的不可知方法
Abeer Abdel Khaleq, Ilkyeun Ra
Cloud applications are becoming more containerized in nature. Developing a cloud application based on a microservice architecture imposes different challenges including scalability at the container level. What adds to the challenge is that applications have different QoS requirements and different characteristics requiring a customized scaling approach. In this paper, we present an agnostic approach algorithm for microservices autoscaling deployed on the Google Kubernetes Engine. Our algorithm adapts the Kubernetes autoscaling paradigm based on the application characteristics and resource requirements. Initial testing of the algorithm on different microservices requirements show an enhancement in the microservice response time up to 20% compared to the default autoscaling paradigm.
云应用程序在本质上正变得越来越容器化。基于微服务架构开发云应用程序会带来不同的挑战,包括容器级别的可伸缩性。增加挑战的是,应用程序具有不同的QoS需求和不同的特征,需要定制的缩放方法。在本文中,我们提出了一种部署在谷歌Kubernetes引擎上的微服务自动扩展的不可知方法算法。我们的算法根据应用的特点和资源需求,采用Kubernetes的自动扩展模式。该算法在不同微服务需求上的初步测试表明,与默认的自动扩展范例相比,微服务响应时间提高了20%。
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引用次数: 23
University Online Courses: Correlation between Students' Participation Rate and Academic Performance 大学网络课程:学生参与率与学习成绩的关系
Sahar Voghoei, Navid Hashemi Tonekaboni, D. Yazdansepas, H. Arabnia
It has been generally believed that higher participation in discussion forums in online classes would result in better student performance. To better understand this correlation on a large scale, we have studied 291 distinct online courses offered during Summer 2019 at Georgia Gwinnett College. Several studies in the literature have focused on analyzing the data from the Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). However, in this research, we have focused on University-based Online Courses (UOCs) for undergraduate students, where the curriculum enforces students to take these courses. Although a higher participation rate in online forums has a direct correlation with a higher grade in MOOCs, in OUCs, students with top grades are not necessarily the most active students. Our analysis shows a consistent pattern in UOCs where during the first two-thirds of the semester, students who belong to the GPA range of ~70 to ~80 percentile of the class have the highest rate of participation, while during the last one-third of the semester, the ones who belong to the GPA range of ~87 to ~93 percentile, contribute the most. On the other hand, we found out that the common characteristic of top students in all classes, is their consistency in participation throughout the semester, regardless of the number of their posts.
人们普遍认为,在网络课堂中,更多地参与论坛讨论,学生的表现就会更好。为了更好地大规模理解这种相关性,我们研究了乔治亚格威内特学院2019年夏季提供的291门不同的在线课程。文献中的一些研究集中于分析大规模在线开放课程(MOOCs)的数据。然而,在这项研究中,我们关注的是本科学生的基于大学的在线课程(UOCs),课程强制学生参加这些课程。虽然网络论坛的参与率越高,mooc的成绩越好,但在开放网络课程中,成绩高的学生并不一定是最活跃的学生。我们的分析显示,在UOCs中有一个一致的模式,在学期的前三分之二,GPA在70到80百分位之间的学生的参与率最高,而在学期的后三分之一,GPA在87到93百分位之间的学生的参与率最高。另一方面,我们发现在所有类顶尖学生的共同特征,是他们的参与在整个学期的一致性,不管他们的文章的数量。
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引用次数: 10
Trade-Offs between Early Software Defect Prediction versus Prediction Accuracy 早期软件缺陷预测与预测准确性之间的权衡
L. Alhazzaa, Anneliese Amschler Andrews
In any software development organization, reliability is crucial. Defect prediction is key in providing management with the tools for release planning. To predict defects we ask the question of how much data is required to make usable predictions? When testing, a rule of thumb is to start defect prediction after 60% of system test has been accomplished. In an operational phase, managers cannot usually determine what constitutes 60% of a release and might not want to wait that long to start defect prediction. Here we discuss the trade-offs between the need of early predictions versus making more accurate predictions.
在任何软件开发组织中,可靠性是至关重要的。缺陷预测是为发布计划提供管理工具的关键。为了预测缺陷,我们会问需要多少数据才能做出可用的预测?当测试时,经验法则是在60%的系统测试完成后开始缺陷预测。在操作阶段,管理人员通常不能确定什么构成了发布的60%,并且可能不想等待那么长时间来开始缺陷预测。在这里,我们将讨论早期预测需求与做出更准确预测之间的权衡。
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引用次数: 0
On the Relevance of IT Security in TDL 论TDL中IT安全的相关性
Tobias Eggendorfer, Volker Eiseler
Tactical Data Links (TDL) and Computer Science meet usually when it comes to interoperability andimplementation. However looking at it from an IT security perspective, some interesting issues occur. These become more relevant the more military hard-and software is built using commercial of the shelf (COTS) systems, that are usually implemented using standard Internet technology and software development patterns. This paper looks at Link 16, Link 11 and VMF security considerations and how compatible they are to current IT security standards. Typical security issues are discussed and concepts to mitigate them presented, which however need to be analysed for their suitability to TDL.
战术数据链(TDL)和计算机科学通常在互操作性和实现方面相遇。然而,从it安全的角度来看,会出现一些有趣的问题。使用商用货架(COTS)系统(通常使用标准的Internet技术和软件开发模式实现)构建的军用硬件和软件越多,这些问题就越相关。本文着眼于Link 16、Link 11和VMF的安全考虑,以及它们与当前IT安全标准的兼容性。本文讨论了典型的安全问题,并提出了缓解这些问题的概念,但是需要对它们是否适合TDL进行分析。
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引用次数: 0
Economic Dispatch for Power System with Short-Term Solar Power Forecast 太阳能发电短期预测下的电力系统经济调度
E. Espinosa-Juárez, Jorge Luis Solano-Gallegos, F. Ornelas‐Tellez
This paper presents the problem of economic dispatch for an electrical system with unconventional energy sources and energy storage. The economic dispatch is considered for demand variations over 24 hours, taking into account the forecast of solar energy for one hour ahead, based on the autoregressive process. The implemented algorithm allows analysis of economic dispatch under different restrictions. A case study is shown, where different levels of renewable energy penetration into the system are considered and the effectiveness of the implemented algorithm is observed
本文研究了具有非常规能源和储能的电力系统的经济调度问题。经济调度考虑了24小时内的需求变化,并考虑了一小时前的太阳能预测,基于自回归过程。所实现的算法允许分析不同约束条件下的经济调度。给出了一个案例研究,其中考虑了不同水平的可再生能源渗透到系统中,并观察了所实现算法的有效性
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引用次数: 3
Incorporating Association Patterns into Manifold Clustering for Enabling Predictive Analytics 将关联模式整合到流形聚类中以实现预测分析
B. Sy, Jin Chen, Rebecca Horowitz
The goal of this research is to develop a predictive analytics technique based on manifold clustering of mixed data type. In this research, we explore the concept of statistically significant association patterns to induce an initial partition on data for deriving manifolds. Manifolds are hyperplanes embedded in low dimensions. The advantage of this novel technique is a bootstrap on data clusters that reveals statistical associations from the information-theoretic perspective. As an illustration, the proposed technique is applied to a real data set of diabetes patients. An assessment on the proposed technique is performed to investigate the effect of bootstrap based on association patterns. Results of the preliminary study demonstrate the feasibility of applying the proposed technique to real-world data.
本研究的目标是开发一种基于混合数据类型的流形聚类的预测分析技术。在本研究中,我们探索了统计显著关联模式的概念,以诱导数据上的初始划分来推导流形。流形是嵌入在低维中的超平面。这种新技术的优点是对数据簇进行了自举,从信息论的角度揭示了统计关联。作为一个例子,所提出的技术应用于糖尿病患者的真实数据集。对所提出的技术进行了评估,以研究基于关联模式的自举的效果。初步研究的结果证明了将所提出的技术应用于实际数据的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Traffic Sign Identification Using Deep Learning 使用深度学习识别交通标志
Ratheesh Ravindran, M. Santora, M. Faied, Mohammad Fanaei
One of the most crucial enabling technologies for automated driving systems is the ability to reliably detect and classify a wide range of traffic signs in various driving conditions at different distances. Due to the complexity and dynamic nature of driving environments, it is difficult to reliably detect traffic signs with conventional image processing methods. Artificial intelligence in combination with image processing has proven to be a great success to address this problem in recent studies. This paper focuses on the selection of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) based on the application-oriented performance by taking into consideration the mean Average Precision (mAP) and Frames Per Second (FPS) as the major evaluation criteria. Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) is a newly proposed DNN in the literature that has proven to exhibit a balanced tradeoff between mAP and FPS performance measures. This paper starts with a DNN transfer learning and then implements the Faster R-CNN algorithm for the real-time detection and classification of traffic signs using the Robot Operating System (ROS). To reduce the errors due to DNN inaccurate detection, Tesseract" is added to detect the text in the identified traffic signs. The German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark (GTSDB) dataset is used in this paper, and additional dataset are created to solve the lack of certain traffic signs in the GTSDB dataset. Simulation with ROS-Gazebo and real-time trials using the Polaris Gem e2 equipped with NVIDIA Drive PX2 demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed integration of DNN with Tesseract in detecting and classifying a wide range of traffic signs.
自动驾驶系统最关键的使能技术之一是能够在不同距离的各种驾驶条件下可靠地检测和分类各种交通标志。由于驾驶环境的复杂性和动态性,传统的图像处理方法难以可靠地检测出交通标志。在最近的研究中,人工智能与图像处理的结合被证明是解决这一问题的巨大成功。本文以平均精度(mAP)和每秒帧数(FPS)为主要评价标准,从面向应用的性能角度对深度神经网络(DNN)进行了选择。更快的基于区域的卷积神经网络(Faster R-CNN)是文献中新提出的深度神经网络,已被证明在mAP和FPS性能指标之间表现出平衡的权衡。本文从DNN迁移学习开始,利用机器人操作系统(ROS)实现了更快的R-CNN算法,用于交通标志的实时检测和分类。为了减少由于DNN不准确检测而导致的误差,增加了“Tesseract”来检测已识别的交通标志中的文本。本文使用德国交通标志检测基准(GTSDB)数据集,并创建额外的数据集来解决GTSDB数据集中某些交通标志缺失的问题。使用ROS-Gazebo进行仿真,并使用配备NVIDIA Drive PX2的Polaris Gem e2进行实时试验,结果表明,将深度神经网络与Tesseract相结合,可以有效地检测和分类各种交通标志。
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引用次数: 10
期刊
2019 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)
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