Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.23925/2764-0892.2021.v1.n1.e55040
Chiara Russo Krauss
A afirmação de Ernst Mach de que os objetos são feixes de sensação foi (e ainda é) amplamente interpretada em um sentido fenomenalístico, como se ele estivesse afirmando que as experiências perceptivas são a única realidade. O artigo irá reconstruir o sistema filosófico do aluno de Mach, Joseph Petzoldt, para propor uma interpretação diferente da obra de Mach, que a coloque no contexto mais amplo da polêmica contra o neokantismo generalizado da época.
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Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.23925/2764-0892.2021.v1.n1.e55724
T. Uebel
This paper warns against misunderstanding the logical empiricists’ take on the concepts of experience and empiricism. Far from expressing traditionalist way-of-ideas conceptions, these concepts were themselves rethought and refashioned to accord with their overall aim of making contemporary philosophy of science fit for purpose. To this end, this paper disarms the supposed counter-examples of Schlick’s foundationalism and Carnap’s Aufbau and exemplifies the aimed for understanding by examples of the physialist theorising of Carnap and Neurath.
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Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.23925/2764-0892.2021.v1.n1.e56061
Ingolf Max
Moritz Schlick (1882–1936)—the integrating figure of the Vienna Circle—is an inspiring thinker who philosophizes in the immediate vicinity of contemporary physics in particular and other empirical sciences including psychology as well as ethics. In the context of interpreting Einstein’s (general) theory of relativity he wrote his „Space and time in contemporary physics, an introduction to the theory of relativity and gravitation“ [“Raum und Zeit in der gegenwärtigen Physik: zur Einführung in das Verständnis der Relativitäts- und Gravitationstheorie”]—first published in 1917. Schlick developed his conception of space-time coincidences of events. For the second edition he added the new chapter “X. Relations to Philosophy” using coincidences methodologically to connect terms which belong to different spaces of meaning. Starting in 1934—in the context of the debate on protocol sentences mainly with Otto Neurath and Rudolf Carnap—he offered his approach of Konstatierungen[1] to answer the question: “What is to be regarded as our fundament of knowledge?” I will shortly discuss Schlick’s term coincidence, move on to Konstatierungen and show some interrelations between them. I will argue for the methodological creativity in Schlick’s science-oriented philosophizing by explicating the inner structure of Konstatierungen within my 2-dimensional language of analysis. Finally, I will compare Schlick’s Konstatierungen with Kant’s synthetic a priori judgments and Frege’s thoughts as interrelated cases of two-dimensionally structured intermediate cases.
莫里茨·施里克(Moritz Schlick, 1882-1936)是维也纳学界的重要人物，他是一位鼓舞人心的思想家，他的哲学思想与当代物理学密切相关，与心理学和伦理学等其他经验科学密切相关。在解释爱因斯坦(广义)相对论的背景下，他写了他的“当代物理学中的空间和时间，相对论和引力理论的介绍”[“Raum und Zeit In der gegenwärtigen Physik: zur einfhrung In das Verständnis der Relativitäts- und引力理论”]，于1917年首次出版。施里克发展了他的时空巧合的概念。在第二版中，他增加了新的一章“X”。“与哲学的关系”，在方法论上使用巧合将属于不同意义空间的术语联系起来。从1934年开始，在主要与奥托·纽拉特和鲁道夫·卡纳普辩论礼仪句的背景下，他提出了他的Konstatierungen b[1]方法来回答这个问题:“什么被视为我们的知识基础?”我将简短地讨论一下Schlick的术语“巧合”，接着讨论Konstatierungen，并展示它们之间的一些相互关系。我将通过在我的二维分析语言中解释Konstatierungen的内部结构来论证Schlick以科学为导向的哲学思维中的方法论创造性。最后，我将把施里克的konstierungen与康德的综合先验判断和弗雷格的思想作为相互关联的二维结构中间案例进行比较。
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