Cracks could develop and propagate into the full depth of concrete, if disregarded. Repair of the concrete can be performed by filling the cracks with cement mortar as a repair material. With the advent of graphene, which is a nano-material that possesses remarkable properties, a graphene‑enhanced nano-cement composite can potentially be employed as a repair material for concrete. Effect of incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) into cement mortar at contents of 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 wt.% of GnP to total weight of cement on repair performance was investigated. Cylindrical concrete samples with a strength grade of 35 MPa were prepared and cured for 3, 7 and 28 days. The samples were cracked by subjecting them to compressive loading until failure. The mortar was then employed to repair the cracked samples. Compressive strengths of the sample before and after repair were recorded. Findings reveal that the graphene‑enhanced cement mortar was more aggressive in retaining as much compressive strength of the concrete as possible after crack and repair than plain cement mortar. However, concrete that was repaired with graphene-enhanced mortar was not able to retain the initial compressive strength. Nonetheless, the GnP content of 0.02 wt.% resulted in the best repair performance.
{"title":"Graphene-Enhanced Cement Mortar as a Repair Material for Concrete: Effect on Compressive Strength","authors":"Yue Sheng Lim, Syed Ahmad Farhan, Nasir Shafiq, Fouad Ismail Ismail, Nadzhratul Husna","doi":"10.4028/p-si1nyu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-si1nyu","url":null,"abstract":"Cracks could develop and propagate into the full depth of concrete, if disregarded. Repair of the concrete can be performed by filling the cracks with cement mortar as a repair material. With the advent of graphene, which is a nano-material that possesses remarkable properties, a graphene‑enhanced nano-cement composite can potentially be employed as a repair material for concrete. Effect of incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) into cement mortar at contents of 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1 wt.% of GnP to total weight of cement on repair performance was investigated. Cylindrical concrete samples with a strength grade of 35 MPa were prepared and cured for 3, 7 and 28 days. The samples were cracked by subjecting them to compressive loading until failure. The mortar was then employed to repair the cracked samples. Compressive strengths of the sample before and after repair were recorded. Findings reveal that the graphene‑enhanced cement mortar was more aggressive in retaining as much compressive strength of the concrete as possible after crack and repair than plain cement mortar. However, concrete that was repaired with graphene-enhanced mortar was not able to retain the initial compressive strength. Nonetheless, the GnP content of 0.02 wt.% resulted in the best repair performance.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"13 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective and reliable force transfer between steel reinforcing bars and concrete is necessary for reinforced concrete buildings to be designed as efficiently as possible. Significant reductions in load capacity and structural rigidity could be the outcome of inadequate connection between the bars and concrete. With the recent discovery of graphene, new opportunities for the development of nano-sized cementitious additives have emerged. The present study investigates the effect of graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) on the bond stress capacity of steel reinforcing bars embedded in GnP-enhanced high-performance concrete (HPC). Effects of various GnP contents and diameter and embedded length of the bar were evaluated. Bond stress-slip behaviour between the bar and concrete was examined by performing pull out tests on cylindrical samples. Findings revealed that the GnP-enhanced HPC improved the bond stress owing to the confinement and bridging effects of GnP. Addition of GnP at the concentration of 0.02 % increased the bond stress by more than 41.28, 18.9 and 53.90% for steel bars with diameters of 10, 12 and 16 mm, respectively, at the same bar embedded length. Presence of GnP reduced the initial slip of the bar owing to the improved adhesion between the bar and the surrounding concrete.
{"title":"Bond Stress Capacity of Steel Reinforcing Bars Embedded in Graphene-Enhanced High-Performance Concrete","authors":"Fouad Ismail Ismail, Nadzhratul Husna, Syed Ahmad Farhan, Nasir Shafiq, Elsayed Ateya","doi":"10.4028/p-pg3ds8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-pg3ds8","url":null,"abstract":"Effective and reliable force transfer between steel reinforcing bars and concrete is necessary for reinforced concrete buildings to be designed as efficiently as possible. Significant reductions in load capacity and structural rigidity could be the outcome of inadequate connection between the bars and concrete. With the recent discovery of graphene, new opportunities for the development of nano-sized cementitious additives have emerged. The present study investigates the effect of graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) on the bond stress capacity of steel reinforcing bars embedded in GnP-enhanced high-performance concrete (HPC). Effects of various GnP contents and diameter and embedded length of the bar were evaluated. Bond stress-slip behaviour between the bar and concrete was examined by performing pull out tests on cylindrical samples. Findings revealed that the GnP-enhanced HPC improved the bond stress owing to the confinement and bridging effects of GnP. Addition of GnP at the concentration of 0.02 % increased the bond stress by more than 41.28, 18.9 and 53.90% for steel bars with diameters of 10, 12 and 16 mm, respectively, at the same bar embedded length. Presence of GnP reduced the initial slip of the bar owing to the improved adhesion between the bar and the surrounding concrete.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"42 3.4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Surianinov, S. Neutov, Yurii Burdeinii, Vitalii Metlizkiy
The paper proposes an analytical method for calculating a long cylindrical shell supported by two identical side elements and loaded with vertical load. The case when the shell is hinged on curvilinear edges is considered, and recommendations for taking into account other boundary conditions are given. No restrictions are imposed on the shape and dimensions of the cross-section of the side element. The proposed algorithm assumes the possibility of implementing two approaches - calculation according to the general semimoment theory and calculation with simplifying hypotheses for flat shells of medium length. In the presented work, the first approach is considered. Mathematically, the problem is reduced to a system of four linear equations. By solving this system, it is possible to determine the forces and displacements due to the action of additional boundary forces, and by adding them with the corresponding components of the momentless stress state, one can obtain the total forces and displacements in the cylindrical shell.
{"title":"Coupling of the Cylindrical Shell with Side Elements","authors":"M. Surianinov, S. Neutov, Yurii Burdeinii, Vitalii Metlizkiy","doi":"10.4028/p-u1VX8i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-u1VX8i","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes an analytical method for calculating a long cylindrical shell supported by two identical side elements and loaded with vertical load. The case when the shell is hinged on curvilinear edges is considered, and recommendations for taking into account other boundary conditions are given. No restrictions are imposed on the shape and dimensions of the cross-section of the side element. The proposed algorithm assumes the possibility of implementing two approaches - calculation according to the general semimoment theory and calculation with simplifying hypotheses for flat shells of medium length. In the presented work, the first approach is considered. Mathematically, the problem is reduced to a system of four linear equations. By solving this system, it is possible to determine the forces and displacements due to the action of additional boundary forces, and by adding them with the corresponding components of the momentless stress state, one can obtain the total forces and displacements in the cylindrical shell.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"11 1","pages":"11 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78987753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article substantiates the method of identifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete of reinforced concrete beams based on the results of fire tests. The idea of the work is to improve the calculation approach to assessing the fire resistance of reinforced concrete beams by clarifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete during its heating under the conditions of exposure to the standard fire temperature regime. The proposed method of identifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete is based on the reproduction of temperature distributions in the cross-sections of reinforced concrete beams based on the results of point temperature measurements during fire tests and the application of equilibrium equations compiled using the deformation mathematical model of the stress-strain state. As a result of the obtained experimental data, the temperature distributions were reproduced using the proposed interpolation method. According to the obtained temperature distributions and the proposed mathematical apparatus, the coefficient of reduction in the concrete strength of reinforced concrete beams during fire tests was identified, the maximum deflection of two sample reinforced concrete beams was determined, and using a deformation model based on the use of equilibrium systems of internal layers in the cross section of reinforced concrete beams, the coefficient of reduction of strength of concrete under the condition of exposure to the standard fire temperature regime was specified.. The presented curves of the value of the coefficient of reduction of concrete strength according to the proposed method and according to the recommendations of Eurocode 2 indicate the presence of a deviation between these indicators. Therefore, the refined dependence of the coefficient of reduction of concrete strength for reinforced concrete crossbars will allow to significantly increase the accuracy of the calculation method of fire resistance assessment for structural elements of this type.
{"title":"Method of Identification of Mechanical Characteristics of Concrete of Reinforced Concrete Crossbars according to the Results of Fire Tests","authors":"S. Pozdieiev, O. Nekora, S. Fedchenko, T. Shnal","doi":"10.4028/p-kev0Ho","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kev0Ho","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the method of identifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete of reinforced concrete beams based on the results of fire tests. The idea of the work is to improve the calculation approach to assessing the fire resistance of reinforced concrete beams by clarifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete during its heating under the conditions of exposure to the standard fire temperature regime. The proposed method of identifying the mechanical characteristics of concrete is based on the reproduction of temperature distributions in the cross-sections of reinforced concrete beams based on the results of point temperature measurements during fire tests and the application of equilibrium equations compiled using the deformation mathematical model of the stress-strain state. As a result of the obtained experimental data, the temperature distributions were reproduced using the proposed interpolation method. According to the obtained temperature distributions and the proposed mathematical apparatus, the coefficient of reduction in the concrete strength of reinforced concrete beams during fire tests was identified, the maximum deflection of two sample reinforced concrete beams was determined, and using a deformation model based on the use of equilibrium systems of internal layers in the cross section of reinforced concrete beams, the coefficient of reduction of strength of concrete under the condition of exposure to the standard fire temperature regime was specified.. The presented curves of the value of the coefficient of reduction of concrete strength according to the proposed method and according to the recommendations of Eurocode 2 indicate the presence of a deviation between these indicators. Therefore, the refined dependence of the coefficient of reduction of concrete strength for reinforced concrete crossbars will allow to significantly increase the accuracy of the calculation method of fire resistance assessment for structural elements of this type.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"36 1","pages":"59 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78681740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Surianinov, Y. Krutii, O. Klymenko, Vladyslav Vakulenko, Serhii Rudakov
An algorithm of direct integration method for calculation of annular plates lying on elastic Winkler base with variable bedding coefficient under the action of transverse load is proposed. To verify the results obtained by the proposed method, the finite element method implemented in PC LIRA-SAPR is used. Two examples of calculations are considered. Analysis of the results shows that the values of deflections practically coincide in calculations of a circular plate by the author's method and by the finite-element method, and discrepancy between the values of bending moments reaches 9.3 %. Moreover, the discrepancy in deflections appears only in the fourth (and sometimes even in the fifth) decimal place. It is noted that the method of direct integration has demonstrated very high accuracy in solving numerous problems of deformable solid mechanics that have exact solutions. The discrepancy in the values of bending moments obtained here is related to the semi-automatic breakdown of the finite-element mesh in PC LIRA-SAPR. This statement is based on the fact that when the mesh is thickened in the circumferential direction, the results obtained by the two methods in determining the radial and circumferential bending moments converge considerably.
{"title":"Axisymmetric Bending of Circular Plates on a Variable Elastic Base","authors":"M. Surianinov, Y. Krutii, O. Klymenko, Vladyslav Vakulenko, Serhii Rudakov","doi":"10.4028/p-L9yr2n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-L9yr2n","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm of direct integration method for calculation of annular plates lying on elastic Winkler base with variable bedding coefficient under the action of transverse load is proposed. To verify the results obtained by the proposed method, the finite element method implemented in PC LIRA-SAPR is used. Two examples of calculations are considered. Analysis of the results shows that the values of deflections practically coincide in calculations of a circular plate by the author's method and by the finite-element method, and discrepancy between the values of bending moments reaches 9.3 %. Moreover, the discrepancy in deflections appears only in the fourth (and sometimes even in the fifth) decimal place. It is noted that the method of direct integration has demonstrated very high accuracy in solving numerous problems of deformable solid mechanics that have exact solutions. The discrepancy in the values of bending moments obtained here is related to the semi-automatic breakdown of the finite-element mesh in PC LIRA-SAPR. This statement is based on the fact that when the mesh is thickened in the circumferential direction, the results obtained by the two methods in determining the radial and circumferential bending moments converge considerably.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"67 1","pages":"3 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83579178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Samsonkin, O. Yurchenko, V. Myronenko, Julia Bulgakova
The result of experimental studies of the statistical database of technical failures and failures in the signaling and communication division of railway is presented in the paper. The principles and directions of crisis emergency prevention are considered. The main problems in finding an effective way to control the process of keeping the alarm systems in the required technical condition are defined. It is proposed to apply the method of preventing crisis situations (on the example of railway transport) for each systematization parameter in the developed classifier.
{"title":"Crisis Prevention Methods Based on Operational Risk Management: Railway Transport Case Study","authors":"V. Samsonkin, O. Yurchenko, V. Myronenko, Julia Bulgakova","doi":"10.4028/p-D9FQ6q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-D9FQ6q","url":null,"abstract":"The result of experimental studies of the statistical database of technical failures and failures in the signaling and communication division of railway is presented in the paper. The principles and directions of crisis emergency prevention are considered. The main problems in finding an effective way to control the process of keeping the alarm systems in the required technical condition are defined. It is proposed to apply the method of preventing crisis situations (on the example of railway transport) for each systematization parameter in the developed classifier.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"21 1","pages":"77 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82598542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Surianinov, S. Neutov, I. Korneeva, D. Kirichenko, Y. Danchenko
The methodology of experimental research of long cylindrical shells to determine their stress-strain state, carrying capacity and crack resistance is proposed. To implement the task, the authors have developed a special stand. Eight cylindrical shell models were made for testing - four of reinforced concrete and four of fiber concrete. Fibro-concrete specimens-shells had additional dispersed reinforcement by steel fiber with bent ends in an amount of 1% by volume of concrete. All specimens-shells had a constant length and cross-sectional radius, and varied the thickness of the shell and the size of the cross-sectional section of the board elements. The paper presents the results of tests of reinforced concrete cylindrical shell, which showed that the carrying capacity of the shell was 96.4 kN, and the first crack formed with a load of 42.9 kN, which is 44.5 % of the carrying capacity. Up to the moment of bearing capacity loss, 8 cracks with the same initial opening width of 0.05 mm and maximum final opening width of 0.8 mm had formed in the shell. Computer modeling of the shell and calculations with ANSYS 17.1 licensed software were performed. The bearing capacity determined in ANSYS was 93.0 kN, which is 3.6 % less than in the experiment. The test methodology and the developed stand are universal and will be used for further research.
{"title":"Experimental Studies of a Long Cylindrical Shell","authors":"M. Surianinov, S. Neutov, I. Korneeva, D. Kirichenko, Y. Danchenko","doi":"10.4028/p-hwaR2x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-hwaR2x","url":null,"abstract":"The methodology of experimental research of long cylindrical shells to determine their stress-strain state, carrying capacity and crack resistance is proposed. To implement the task, the authors have developed a special stand. Eight cylindrical shell models were made for testing - four of reinforced concrete and four of fiber concrete. Fibro-concrete specimens-shells had additional dispersed reinforcement by steel fiber with bent ends in an amount of 1% by volume of concrete. All specimens-shells had a constant length and cross-sectional radius, and varied the thickness of the shell and the size of the cross-sectional section of the board elements. The paper presents the results of tests of reinforced concrete cylindrical shell, which showed that the carrying capacity of the shell was 96.4 kN, and the first crack formed with a load of 42.9 kN, which is 44.5 % of the carrying capacity. Up to the moment of bearing capacity loss, 8 cracks with the same initial opening width of 0.05 mm and maximum final opening width of 0.8 mm had formed in the shell. Computer modeling of the shell and calculations with ANSYS 17.1 licensed software were performed. The bearing capacity determined in ANSYS was 93.0 kN, which is 3.6 % less than in the experiment. The test methodology and the developed stand are universal and will be used for further research.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"2014 1","pages":"21 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86608806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Vynnykov, M. Kharchenko, D. Yermolenko, M. Akopian
The article describes the methodology and results of geodetic observations of additional subsidence of two residential buildings with strip foundations on moist loess soil. Next to them, a pit was dug for the new building, which was deeper than the level of the soles of these foundations. The authors proved that of arranging the pit fence ensured the fulfillment of regulatory requirements for not exceeding the maximum allowable values of foundations of existing buildings by additional subsidence. The technology provided for the construction of a pit enclosure with sheet piling (I-beam No. 30) with a step of 1 m, with timber lagging between them. At the same time, the phasing of soil extraction in the initial stages under the protection of a soil berm was maintained. Then they installed the capping beam, struts, rakers and gradually raised the floor and outer wall of the parking lot of the new building. Sufficient convergence of the simulation results in the plane condition using the finite element method and field studies was determined. An elastic-plastic soil model of the "basement - foundations of an existing building - pit enclosure" system was used for modeling.
{"title":"Subsidence of Existing Buildings from the Impact of New Construction","authors":"Y. Vynnykov, M. Kharchenko, D. Yermolenko, M. Akopian","doi":"10.4028/p-Xk2nii","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Xk2nii","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the methodology and results of geodetic observations of additional subsidence of two residential buildings with strip foundations on moist loess soil. Next to them, a pit was dug for the new building, which was deeper than the level of the soles of these foundations. The authors proved that of arranging the pit fence ensured the fulfillment of regulatory requirements for not exceeding the maximum allowable values of foundations of existing buildings by additional subsidence. The technology provided for the construction of a pit enclosure with sheet piling (I-beam No. 30) with a step of 1 m, with timber lagging between them. At the same time, the phasing of soil extraction in the initial stages under the protection of a soil berm was maintained. Then they installed the capping beam, struts, rakers and gradually raised the floor and outer wall of the parking lot of the new building. Sufficient convergence of the simulation results in the plane condition using the finite element method and field studies was determined. An elastic-plastic soil model of the \"basement - foundations of an existing building - pit enclosure\" system was used for modeling.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"13 1","pages":"29 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75564722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative results of settlements of soil-cement soil bases of multi-story residential buildings determined by the methods of linear soil mechanics, finite element modeling in a planar (2D) and spatial (3D) setting using an elastic-plastic soil model, as well as long-term (over ten years) data of geodetic observations of natural objects are given. The object of this work was to evaluate the reliability of various methods of predicting the settlements of soil-cement soil bases of buildings on strip foundations in the presence of weak soils within the compressible soil thickness and reinforcement of the massif to a depth smaller than the width of the foundations. It was established that in the presence of layers of weak soils within the compressible soil thickness under strip foundations and reinforcement of the massif to a depth less than their width the actual settlements of such soil base exceeds the values allowed by the norms. The scientific novelty of the work is it was determined in the first time that under these conditions the methods of linear soil mechanics underestimate the calculated settlements by more than two times compared to their actual values. On the other hand, the high reliability of the use of mathematical modeling methods using the elastic-plastic soil model has been proven.
{"title":"Comparison of Settlements of Buildings on Soil-Cement Soil Bases Determined Analytically and by Long-Term Geodetic Observations","authors":"Y. Vynnykov, R. Razdui","doi":"10.4028/p-X7FhPI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-X7FhPI","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative results of settlements of soil-cement soil bases of multi-story residential buildings determined by the methods of linear soil mechanics, finite element modeling in a planar (2D) and spatial (3D) setting using an elastic-plastic soil model, as well as long-term (over ten years) data of geodetic observations of natural objects are given. The object of this work was to evaluate the reliability of various methods of predicting the settlements of soil-cement soil bases of buildings on strip foundations in the presence of weak soils within the compressible soil thickness and reinforcement of the massif to a depth smaller than the width of the foundations. It was established that in the presence of layers of weak soils within the compressible soil thickness under strip foundations and reinforcement of the massif to a depth less than their width the actual settlements of such soil base exceeds the values allowed by the norms. The scientific novelty of the work is it was determined in the first time that under these conditions the methods of linear soil mechanics underestimate the calculated settlements by more than two times compared to their actual values. On the other hand, the high reliability of the use of mathematical modeling methods using the elastic-plastic soil model has been proven.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"9 1","pages":"39 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90018243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Perperi, A. Perperi, Daria Surianinova, Viktoriia Otrosh
The work presents an analysis of the requirements for the creation of a bunker and the development of a schematic layout of civilian bomb shelters from an urban point of view in order to create the most comfortable and long-term stay in safe zones during dangers. The historical development of bunkers, the basic principles of their design, placement and construction are considered. The analysis carried out showed the high popularity of bunkers in the modern world and the steadily increasing requirements for design solutions, structural strength and comfort. The modern architecture of bunkers is also developing in an urban direction, tending to create real underground cities.
{"title":"The Bunker - Like a Structure for Storing the Life of the Civilian Population in Conditions of Danger","authors":"A. Perperi, A. Perperi, Daria Surianinova, Viktoriia Otrosh","doi":"10.4028/p-TnRF2z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-TnRF2z","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents an analysis of the requirements for the creation of a bunker and the development of a schematic layout of civilian bomb shelters from an urban point of view in order to create the most comfortable and long-term stay in safe zones during dangers. The historical development of bunkers, the basic principles of their design, placement and construction are considered. The analysis carried out showed the high popularity of bunkers in the modern world and the steadily increasing requirements for design solutions, structural strength and comfort. The modern architecture of bunkers is also developing in an urban direction, tending to create real underground cities.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"61 1","pages":"69 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78357875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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