Pub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4862-8_10
J K Spitznagel
Increasingly abundant evidence supports the hypothesis that PMNs and perhaps alveolar macrophages have antimicrobial mechanisms independent of the presences of molecular oxygen for effective action against an array of bacteria and against some fungi. Eosinophils have mechanisms toxic for schistosomula and Trichinella larvae. In all instances the antimicrobial substances isolated have been cationic proteins and, in PMNs, associated with the azurophil cytoplasmic granules of the PMNs. Several of these substances have thus far demonstrated no enzymic function. Two of these substances are serine proteases but in one, chymotrypsin-like protein, the antimicrobial action depends on the cationic properties of the protein and is independent of the proteolytic action of the substance. In most instances, these proteins are cationic due to relatively large proportions of arginine. In two instances, a large proportion of lysine is present. All have high proportions (about 50%) of hydrophobic amino acid. Such proteins occur in the PMNs of man, rabbit, guinea pig, rat, cow, and chicken. The present view is that they are most active against gram-negative bacteria. At least two of them-37-kd and 57-kd proteins (Shafer and Spitznagel, 1983)-act on S. typhimurium in a manner analogous to that of polymyxin B through binding to lipid A. Currently available results shows that anaerobic PMNs have substantial antimicrobial capacity. Whether this capacity is due to the O2-independent mechanisms discussed in this chapter remains to be established with greater certainty.
{"title":"Nonoxidative antimicrobial reactions of leukocytes.","authors":"J K Spitznagel","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4757-4862-8_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4862-8_10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasingly abundant evidence supports the hypothesis that PMNs and perhaps alveolar macrophages have antimicrobial mechanisms independent of the presences of molecular oxygen for effective action against an array of bacteria and against some fungi. Eosinophils have mechanisms toxic for schistosomula and Trichinella larvae. In all instances the antimicrobial substances isolated have been cationic proteins and, in PMNs, associated with the azurophil cytoplasmic granules of the PMNs. Several of these substances have thus far demonstrated no enzymic function. Two of these substances are serine proteases but in one, chymotrypsin-like protein, the antimicrobial action depends on the cationic properties of the protein and is independent of the proteolytic action of the substance. In most instances, these proteins are cationic due to relatively large proportions of arginine. In two instances, a large proportion of lysine is present. All have high proportions (about 50%) of hydrophobic amino acid. Such proteins occur in the PMNs of man, rabbit, guinea pig, rat, cow, and chicken. The present view is that they are most active against gram-negative bacteria. At least two of them-37-kd and 57-kd proteins (Shafer and Spitznagel, 1983)-act on S. typhimurium in a manner analogous to that of polymyxin B through binding to lipid A. Currently available results shows that anaerobic PMNs have substantial antimicrobial capacity. Whether this capacity is due to the O2-independent mechanisms discussed in this chapter remains to be established with greater certainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4757-4862-8_10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17441009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_10
J J Marchalonis
{"title":"Molecular interactions and recognition specificity of surface receptors.","authors":"J J Marchalonis","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18035079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3701-0_6
G W Hoffmann
{"title":"On network theory and H-2 restriction.","authors":"G W Hoffmann","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3701-0_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3701-0_6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17227063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_10
H L Ioachim
{"title":"Correlations between tumor antigenicity, malignant potential, and local host immune response.","authors":"H L Ioachim","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18016979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_11
R S Kerbel, R R Twiddy, P Frost
{"title":"Host cell analysis of a rapidly metastasizing mouse tumor and derived low-metastatic variant lines.","authors":"R S Kerbel, R R Twiddy, P Frost","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18016980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_15
H R MacDonald, B Sordat
{"title":"The multicellular tumor spheroid: a quantitative model for studies of in situ immunity.","authors":"H R MacDonald, B Sordat","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18419337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_5
N Cohen
{"title":"Salamanders and the evolution of the major histocompatibility complex.","authors":"N Cohen","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17503337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_3
R B Herberman, H T Holden, L Varesio, T Taniyama, P Puccetti, H Kirchner, J Gerson, S White, Y Keisari, J S Haskill
{"title":"Immunologic reactivity of lymphoid cells in tumors.","authors":"R B Herberman, H T Holden, L Varesio, T Taniyama, P Puccetti, H Kirchner, J Gerson, S White, Y Keisari, J S Haskill","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18016982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_4
E Klein, F Vánky, U Galili, B M Vose, M Fopp
{"title":"Separation and characteristics of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in man.","authors":"E Klein, F Vánky, U Galili, B M Vose, M Fopp","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3677-8_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18016983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_2
M J Chorney, T C Cheng
{"title":"Discrimination of self and non-self in invertebrates.","authors":"M J Chorney, T C Cheng","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10609,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary topics in immunobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4615-9131-3_2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18035080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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