Phospholipid methyltransferase activity was lower in leukocyte preparations from allergic subjects than from control subjects. After chronic treatment by mequitazine, values from allergic subjects were increased to values near those of control subjects.
Through combined retrograde labeling with HRP and serotonin immunohistochemistry, we have demonstrated that ventral and caudal hypothalamic neurons, both non-immunoreactive and immunoreactive to serotonin after administration of 5-hydroxytryptophane, give rise to direct ascending projections to the entire cerebral cortex as well as direct descending projections to the nucleus locus coeruleus alpha in the pontine tegmentum. A retrograde double labeling method with fluorescent dyes further suggested that the population of ascending hypothalamic neurons is different from that of descending ones.
The ektacytometer measures with precision the deformability of erythrocytes during a continuous change in oxygen tension. Automation of the instrument renders easily feasible the evaluation of proposed antisickling compounds. Drugs representative of the three modes of action presently recognized have been selected: those which increase oxygen affinity (potassium cyanate); those which inhibit hemoglobin polymerization (butylurea); membrane-active compounds. An anionic phenothiazine (metiazinic acid) had an interesting activity on deformability.
Dissociated cell cultures were grown from fetal Mouse Cerebral hemisphere taken on the 16th day of gestation. Cells grown in chemically defined medium (MCD) for 8 days contain half the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (in %) found at day 0. Cells contain n-9 trienes demonstrating that they are grown under conditions of essential fatty acid deficiency. The reduced amount of PUFA in MCD cells is balanced by an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids. The satured fatty acids are not affected. The PUFA present in the starting cells are partly preserved and reutilized (70%). Adding fatty acids of the n-6 series increases the content of n-6 fatty acids in the cells, but also provokes an increase in the n-3 fatty acids. Among several combinations of fatty acids, only the mixture of 20:4 and 22:6, added to the culture restores a fatty acid profile similar to controls (i.e. in vivo tissue taken at post-natal day 5). The concentrations were respectively 1 microgram 20:4/25 micrograms albumin/ml and 0,5 microgram/12,5 micrograms albumin/ml. Adding PUFA stimulates the proliferation of small dense cells by more than 200% of the control, as quantified by autoradiography of 3H-thymidine. These cells are not neurons, but possibly oligodendrocytes.
In 6 week old dark reared kittens, a visual monocular exposure for 6 hrs. elicits major functional modifications in the primary visual cortex. Most cells become orientation selective and are activated through the open eye only. However, if a unilateral section of the ophthalmic branch of the fifth nerve is performed 1 week before the monocular exposure, these modifications are less pronounced, particularly when carried out on the same side as the open eye. Moreover, if the ophthalmic branch has been cut bilaterally, visual monocular exposure has almost no effect: cortical cells remain non selective to orientation and binocularly activated.
Using indirect membrane immunofluorescence on unfixed HUT 102 cells, 24 out of 184 sera (13%) collected from regular blood donors in Martinique were found positive for HTLV-MA antibodies, 10 being strongly positive (5.4%). Six of these sera were further tested by radio-immunoprecipitation in gel electrophoresis. Antibodies to both viral main core protein (p24) and to virus specific membrane associated glycoprotein (gp 61) were detected in five of those. These findings raise the question of the existence of HTLV related conditions (leukemias or AIDS) in Martinique.
Cell fusion of Sp2/0, a murine myeloma derived non-secreting variant, with splenic lymphocytes from Mice immunized against human cytomegalovirus, has originated two stable hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (IgG) which react specifically with antigens that appear early in infectious cycle and remain localized in the cell nucleus.
Dynamic and morphometric analysis of interactions between sensory nerve cells and cutaneous tissue of 7 day Chick embryos in co-culture show that nerve endings behave differently when interacting with dermis of epidermis. In particular, nerve fibers display a deviation reaction in the proximity of epidermis.
Four weekly injections of 50 micrograms of trehalose dimycolate (TDM) in FIA protect 40% of the Mice against a lethal infection by Trypanosoma cruzi; under the same conditions MDP (muramyldipeptide) has only a very slight effect.
The hybridization between Schistosomes (S. mansoni) with an early and a late shedding pattern of cercariae lead to heterozygotous cercariae whose shedding pattern is characterized by two peaks (early and late). These results demonstrate the genetic support of the shedding rhythm of cercariae and suggest the participation of the daughter sporocyst in the chronobiological phenomenon of cercarial shedding.
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