Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1301241
Amen Shahpal, Muhammad Aziz Choudhary, Z. Ahmad
Abstract The typical polyol reduction method, where PVP was used as capping agent is aimed to synthesize pure and Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The spherical morphology of as-synthesized NPs was observed under SEM. The NPs having Zn, O, and Cu as major constituents were observed by SEM coupled with EDX. The EDX confirmed the Zn, O, and Cu as major elements of as-synthesized NPs. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrated crystalline hexagonal structure in all the samples. The band gap of the NPs was determined using UV–vis spectroscopy. The catalytic activities of as-prepared material were investigated for the degradation of dyes like; Methyl Blue (MB), Methyl Red (MR), Thymol Blue (TB), and Alizarine Red.S (ARS), in the presence of H2O2. A drastic increase in catalytic activity was observed with the increased concentration of Cu; particularly for MB. All experiments were carried out under mild and environment friendly conditions i.e. without irradiating by sun or UV light. The material was found promising and feasible catalyst for non-photo degradation of dyes, which are present in the wastewaters produced from textile and printing industries.
{"title":"An investigation on the synthesis and catalytic activities of pure and Cu-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Amen Shahpal, Muhammad Aziz Choudhary, Z. Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1301241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1301241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The typical polyol reduction method, where PVP was used as capping agent is aimed to synthesize pure and Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The spherical morphology of as-synthesized NPs was observed under SEM. The NPs having Zn, O, and Cu as major constituents were observed by SEM coupled with EDX. The EDX confirmed the Zn, O, and Cu as major elements of as-synthesized NPs. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrated crystalline hexagonal structure in all the samples. The band gap of the NPs was determined using UV–vis spectroscopy. The catalytic activities of as-prepared material were investigated for the degradation of dyes like; Methyl Blue (MB), Methyl Red (MR), Thymol Blue (TB), and Alizarine Red.S (ARS), in the presence of H2O2. A drastic increase in catalytic activity was observed with the increased concentration of Cu; particularly for MB. All experiments were carried out under mild and environment friendly conditions i.e. without irradiating by sun or UV light. The material was found promising and feasible catalyst for non-photo degradation of dyes, which are present in the wastewaters produced from textile and printing industries.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1301241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1374821
S. Malladi, V. N. Ratnakaram, K. Suresh Babu, T. Pullaiah, Bhambra Avninder
Abstract Caralluma lasiantha is used as a traditional medicine in India to heal body heat and inflammations. In order to find out a scientific validation for the Indian traditional knowledge, antibacterial activity of C. lasiantha extracts was studied against inflammation causing bacteria (viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus Sp., Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae) along with other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Solvents with different polarity were used for extraction from dry roots and stems. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also studied. Differential antibacterial activity was exhibited by extracts and higher inhibition potential against Gram-positive bacteria was explained. The observed antibacterial activities were correlated with the chemical structures of phytochemicals present in C. lasiantha. Anti-inflammation activities are related to C. lasiantha extracts through their antibacterial activities.
{"title":"Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activity of Caralluma lasiantha for scientific validation of Indian traditional medicine","authors":"S. Malladi, V. N. Ratnakaram, K. Suresh Babu, T. Pullaiah, Bhambra Avninder","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1374821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1374821","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Caralluma lasiantha is used as a traditional medicine in India to heal body heat and inflammations. In order to find out a scientific validation for the Indian traditional knowledge, antibacterial activity of C. lasiantha extracts was studied against inflammation causing bacteria (viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus Sp., Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae) along with other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Solvents with different polarity were used for extraction from dry roots and stems. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also studied. Differential antibacterial activity was exhibited by extracts and higher inhibition potential against Gram-positive bacteria was explained. The observed antibacterial activities were correlated with the chemical structures of phytochemicals present in C. lasiantha. Anti-inflammation activities are related to C. lasiantha extracts through their antibacterial activities.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1374821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1300974
Fatima Ouadjenia, R. Marouf, J. Schott
Abstract In this paper, a study of the adsorption of carbon dioxide onto raw Chorfa silt material (Mascara, Algeria) was experimentally investigated using volumetric technique at 295 K and at a pressure range from 15.59 to 750 mm Hg. XRD, MEB, and BET analysis were used to characterize the adsorbent. This material consisted of calcite and illite as main components. Several models were used to describe the experimental isotherm such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Hill De Boer, and Sips. The best fit of adsorption isotherm data is obtained with the Sips model. The proposed methodology for the analysis of the experimental adsorption data allows the determination of the micropore volume (V0) and the characteristic energy (E) using Dubinin–Raduskevich equation. An experimental value of V0 equal to 0.875 cm3/g is obtained in very good agreement with those found using the “t-plot” method, it is equal to 0.920 cm3/g. The characteristic energy E is equal to 20.9 kJ/mol, this value indicates that the adsorption is of physical type. The unipore diffusion model was selected for sorption kinetic modeling. The diffusion process of CO2 in the silt is slow. A thermodynamic study showed spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process.
摘要本文采用体积法在295 K、15.59 ~ 750 mm Hg压力范围内研究了阿尔及利亚产睫毛膏(Mascara, Algeria)原料Chorfa粉土材料对二氧化碳的吸附性能，并用XRD、MEB和BET分析对吸附剂进行了表征。该材料以方解石和伊利石为主要成分。几个模型被用来描述实验等温线，如Langmuir, Freundlich, Hill De Boer和Sips。Sips模型对吸附等温线数据的拟合效果最好。所提出的实验吸附数据分析方法允许使用Dubinin-Raduskevich方程确定微孔体积(V0)和特征能(E)。得到的实验值V0 = 0.875 cm3/g，与用“t-plot”方法得到的V0 = 0.920 cm3/g非常吻合。特征能E = 20.9 kJ/mol，表明吸附为物理吸附。采用单孔扩散模型进行吸附动力学建模。CO2在淤泥中的扩散过程缓慢。热力学研究表明了吸附过程的自发性和可行性。
{"title":"Mechanism sorption of carbon dioxide onto dam silt","authors":"Fatima Ouadjenia, R. Marouf, J. Schott","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1300974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1300974","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, a study of the adsorption of carbon dioxide onto raw Chorfa silt material (Mascara, Algeria) was experimentally investigated using volumetric technique at 295 K and at a pressure range from 15.59 to 750 mm Hg. XRD, MEB, and BET analysis were used to characterize the adsorbent. This material consisted of calcite and illite as main components. Several models were used to describe the experimental isotherm such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Hill De Boer, and Sips. The best fit of adsorption isotherm data is obtained with the Sips model. The proposed methodology for the analysis of the experimental adsorption data allows the determination of the micropore volume (V0) and the characteristic energy (E) using Dubinin–Raduskevich equation. An experimental value of V0 equal to 0.875 cm3/g is obtained in very good agreement with those found using the “t-plot” method, it is equal to 0.920 cm3/g. The characteristic energy E is equal to 20.9 kJ/mol, this value indicates that the adsorption is of physical type. The unipore diffusion model was selected for sorption kinetic modeling. The diffusion process of CO2 in the silt is slow. A thermodynamic study showed spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1300974","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48051500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1336864
C. W. Dikio, B. Okoli, F. Mtunzi
Abstract Four Schiff bases, L1, L2, L3 and L4 having –ON– donor system have been synthesised by the condensation of 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with 4-nitrobenzohydrazide and 4-methoxybenzohydrazide to form L1 and L2. 4-(dimethylamino) benzaldehyde refluxed in the presence of 4-nitrobenzohydrazide and 4-methoxybenzohydrazide forms L3 and L4, respectively. The four Schiff base complexes (SBC 1A–1D) were synthesised by treatment of the Schiff base ligands with vanadium acetylacetonate and characterised using spectroscopic analysis such as FTIR revealing the presence of azomethine μ (C=N) stretching vibrations around 1612–1623 cm−1, 1H and 13C NMR revealing the presence of azomethine peaks to confirm the formation of the Schiff base ligands. The spectral data of the Schiff base complexes reveal the absence of the azomethine stretching vibrational frequencies and the presence of the V–O stretching vibrational frequency at 993 cm−1. Thermal analysis of the ligands and complexes indicates high thermal stability of 280 and 160°C, respectively. Schiff base complexes 1A and 1B exhibited antimicrobial activities against both species tested with MIC of 305.3 and 378.9 mg/mL, these activities were dependent on the position of the hydroxyl and the length of the alkyl groups on the 4-Methoxy-benzoic acid (4-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide moiety of the Schiff bases complex.
{"title":"Synthesis of new anti-bacterial agents: Hydrazide Schiff bases of vanadium acetylacetonate complexes","authors":"C. W. Dikio, B. Okoli, F. Mtunzi","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1336864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1336864","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Four Schiff bases, L1, L2, L3 and L4 having –ON– donor system have been synthesised by the condensation of 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with 4-nitrobenzohydrazide and 4-methoxybenzohydrazide to form L1 and L2. 4-(dimethylamino) benzaldehyde refluxed in the presence of 4-nitrobenzohydrazide and 4-methoxybenzohydrazide forms L3 and L4, respectively. The four Schiff base complexes (SBC 1A–1D) were synthesised by treatment of the Schiff base ligands with vanadium acetylacetonate and characterised using spectroscopic analysis such as FTIR revealing the presence of azomethine μ (C=N) stretching vibrations around 1612–1623 cm−1, 1H and 13C NMR revealing the presence of azomethine peaks to confirm the formation of the Schiff base ligands. The spectral data of the Schiff base complexes reveal the absence of the azomethine stretching vibrational frequencies and the presence of the V–O stretching vibrational frequency at 993 cm−1. Thermal analysis of the ligands and complexes indicates high thermal stability of 280 and 160°C, respectively. Schiff base complexes 1A and 1B exhibited antimicrobial activities against both species tested with MIC of 305.3 and 378.9 mg/mL, these activities were dependent on the position of the hydroxyl and the length of the alkyl groups on the 4-Methoxy-benzoic acid (4-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide moiety of the Schiff bases complex.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1336864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2016.1275955
G. Venkata Narasimha Rao, B. Ravi, M. Sunil Kumar, P. Manoj, R. Venkata Nadh
Abstract Plerixafor (PLX) injections are administered to patients with cancers of lymphocytes (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) and plasma cells (multiple myeloma). The main objective of the current study was to develop a short reverse phase chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantification of PLX and its impurities, in an injection formulation, to reduce the time required for these quality tests. Furthermore, the present work describes the role of nonalkyl branched nonquaternary ion pair reagent in improving the peak shape and reducing column equilibration time. The separation of PLX and its related substances is pH dependent (optimum pH = 2.50) and was achieved on an octadecylsilyl (C18) column. The method was validated for its intended purpose in accordance with the current regulatory guidelines for validation. The proposed method can be applied for quality control, release, and stability analyses of active pharmaceutical ingredient, PLX, as well as finished products, PLX injections.
{"title":"Ultra performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous quantification of plerixafor and related substances in an injection formulation","authors":"G. Venkata Narasimha Rao, B. Ravi, M. Sunil Kumar, P. Manoj, R. Venkata Nadh","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2016.1275955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2016.1275955","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Plerixafor (PLX) injections are administered to patients with cancers of lymphocytes (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) and plasma cells (multiple myeloma). The main objective of the current study was to develop a short reverse phase chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantification of PLX and its impurities, in an injection formulation, to reduce the time required for these quality tests. Furthermore, the present work describes the role of nonalkyl branched nonquaternary ion pair reagent in improving the peak shape and reducing column equilibration time. The separation of PLX and its related substances is pH dependent (optimum pH = 2.50) and was achieved on an octadecylsilyl (C18) column. The method was validated for its intended purpose in accordance with the current regulatory guidelines for validation. The proposed method can be applied for quality control, release, and stability analyses of active pharmaceutical ingredient, PLX, as well as finished products, PLX injections.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2016.1275955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44850929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1419422
W. Addis, Alemayehu Abebaw
Abstract Garlic is the most widely used bulb crop next to onion in Ethiopia. It has been used in many local peoples of Ethiopia as a flavoring agent in food and medicinal value for different diseases. The concentrations of eight heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb) in soil samples used for cultivation of garlic in East Gojjam Zone (Debre Markos, Dejen, Bichena, and Debre Werk) in Ethiopia were determined. The results obtained revealed that the mean heavy metal concentrations for Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb were 23,866–32,262 mg/kg, 137.1–213.4 mg/kg, 401.8–583.7 mg/kg, 52.1–77.3 mg/kg, 106.6–177.6 mg/kg, 87.5–123.5 mg/kg, 2.3–2.5 mg/kg, and 13.8–23.2 mg/kg, respectively. In general, the levels of metals in soil collected from all the sampling sites was found to decreased in the order of: Fe > Mn > Zn > Co > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd. In general, the results reveal that the level of contamination of the soils by the heavy metals is not high at present and the soil is not polluted by toxic heavy metals (Cd and Pb). Therefore, the soils studied were not harmful for cultivation of garlic and other agricultural purposes.
{"title":"Determination of heavy metal concentration in soils used for cultivation of Allium sativum L. (garlic) in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia","authors":"W. Addis, Alemayehu Abebaw","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1419422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1419422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Garlic is the most widely used bulb crop next to onion in Ethiopia. It has been used in many local peoples of Ethiopia as a flavoring agent in food and medicinal value for different diseases. The concentrations of eight heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb) in soil samples used for cultivation of garlic in East Gojjam Zone (Debre Markos, Dejen, Bichena, and Debre Werk) in Ethiopia were determined. The results obtained revealed that the mean heavy metal concentrations for Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb were 23,866–32,262 mg/kg, 137.1–213.4 mg/kg, 401.8–583.7 mg/kg, 52.1–77.3 mg/kg, 106.6–177.6 mg/kg, 87.5–123.5 mg/kg, 2.3–2.5 mg/kg, and 13.8–23.2 mg/kg, respectively. In general, the levels of metals in soil collected from all the sampling sites was found to decreased in the order of: Fe > Mn > Zn > Co > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd. In general, the results reveal that the level of contamination of the soils by the heavy metals is not high at present and the soil is not polluted by toxic heavy metals (Cd and Pb). Therefore, the soils studied were not harmful for cultivation of garlic and other agricultural purposes.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1419422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48944131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1290021
M. S. Yahya, Nisrine Beqqal, Guessous Aicha, Mohamed Réda Arhoutane, K. Kacemi
Abstract Oxidation of moxifloxacin by electro-Fenton process (EFP) in acidic media at pH 3.0 is investigated. The influences of Fe2+ and current density have been assessed in order to determine the optimum operating parameters. Kinetic analysis of the degradation of initial moxifloxacin suggests a pseudo-first-order degradation reaction. The mineralization of the treated solutions is simultaneously monitored from the abatement of the chemical oxygen demand. The evaluation of the chemical composition and the characterization of the degradation products of moxifloxacin during electrolysis are carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained results reveal the significant efficiency of EFP to degrade the moxifloxacin in the aqueous solution.
{"title":"Degradation and mineralization of moxifloxacin antibiotic in aqueous medium by electro-Fenton process: Kinetic assessment and oxidation products","authors":"M. S. Yahya, Nisrine Beqqal, Guessous Aicha, Mohamed Réda Arhoutane, K. Kacemi","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1290021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1290021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oxidation of moxifloxacin by electro-Fenton process (EFP) in acidic media at pH 3.0 is investigated. The influences of Fe2+ and current density have been assessed in order to determine the optimum operating parameters. Kinetic analysis of the degradation of initial moxifloxacin suggests a pseudo-first-order degradation reaction. The mineralization of the treated solutions is simultaneously monitored from the abatement of the chemical oxygen demand. The evaluation of the chemical composition and the characterization of the degradation products of moxifloxacin during electrolysis are carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained results reveal the significant efficiency of EFP to degrade the moxifloxacin in the aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1290021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49191426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1312675
Maryam Dehghan, A. Davoodnia, M. Bozorgmehr, N. Tavakoli-Hoseini
Abstract In this work, two newly prepared Brønsted-acidic ionic liquids, [MPyrrSO3H]Cl (IL1) and [MMorSO3H]Cl (IL2), were efficiently used as catalysts for the synthesis of amidoalkyl naphthols through the one‐pot, three‐component reaction of β‐naphthol, aryl aldehydes, and acetamide under neat conditions. High activity of the catalysts, excellent yields, short reaction times, simple procedure with an easy work-up, and the absence of any volatile and hazardous organic solvents are some advantages of the present methodology. Moreover, the catalysts are simply prepared and can be recovered conveniently and reused such that considerable catalytic activity can still be achieved after the fifth run.
{"title":"Another application of newly prepared Brønsted-acidic ionic liquids as highly efficient reusable catalysts for neat synthesis of amidoalkyl naphthols","authors":"Maryam Dehghan, A. Davoodnia, M. Bozorgmehr, N. Tavakoli-Hoseini","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1312675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1312675","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, two newly prepared Brønsted-acidic ionic liquids, [MPyrrSO3H]Cl (IL1) and [MMorSO3H]Cl (IL2), were efficiently used as catalysts for the synthesis of amidoalkyl naphthols through the one‐pot, three‐component reaction of β‐naphthol, aryl aldehydes, and acetamide under neat conditions. High activity of the catalysts, excellent yields, short reaction times, simple procedure with an easy work-up, and the absence of any volatile and hazardous organic solvents are some advantages of the present methodology. Moreover, the catalysts are simply prepared and can be recovered conveniently and reused such that considerable catalytic activity can still be achieved after the fifth run.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1312675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45628594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1317317
J. Mensah, Gideon Dela Akorsu, Charles Anamoah
Abstract The liberal use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) for hand disinfection has raised questions regarding the bactericidal efficacies of brands that are widely available in Ghana. Ten different brands of hand sanitizers bearing different chemical constituents and originating from six different countries were purchased in Kumasi, Ghana. The 10 samples represent the only available brands in the retail market. Purchased brands were examined for their relative bactericidal efficacies with the combined use of agar well diffusion, broth dilution, and viable bacterial count reduction assays. Serially diluted solutions of the ABHS displayed variable brand-specific bactericidal efficacies against a panel of bacteria specimen that comprised three gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumonia) and three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi) in the agar well diffusion and in the broth dilution assays. Neither gram-positive nor gram-negative bacteria strains showed a clear pattern of preferential susceptibility to the growth inhibitory activities of any of the examined brands of ABHS. Only HS9 displayed a full spectrum bactericidal activity against all bacteria species in agar diffusion assay. Full strength ABHS formulations demonstrated brand-based rapid bactericidal action on hands of volunteers in a pattern best described as a post-ABHS-treatment reduction in levels of viable bacteria hand counts. HS9 displayed the highest efficacy and this relative estimation held true in all the three assays utilized for the assessment of bactericidal efficacies.
{"title":"Relative bactericidal efficacies of a selection of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) available in Ghana","authors":"J. Mensah, Gideon Dela Akorsu, Charles Anamoah","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1317317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1317317","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The liberal use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) for hand disinfection has raised questions regarding the bactericidal efficacies of brands that are widely available in Ghana. Ten different brands of hand sanitizers bearing different chemical constituents and originating from six different countries were purchased in Kumasi, Ghana. The 10 samples represent the only available brands in the retail market. Purchased brands were examined for their relative bactericidal efficacies with the combined use of agar well diffusion, broth dilution, and viable bacterial count reduction assays. Serially diluted solutions of the ABHS displayed variable brand-specific bactericidal efficacies against a panel of bacteria specimen that comprised three gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumonia) and three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi) in the agar well diffusion and in the broth dilution assays. Neither gram-positive nor gram-negative bacteria strains showed a clear pattern of preferential susceptibility to the growth inhibitory activities of any of the examined brands of ABHS. Only HS9 displayed a full spectrum bactericidal activity against all bacteria species in agar diffusion assay. Full strength ABHS formulations demonstrated brand-based rapid bactericidal action on hands of volunteers in a pattern best described as a post-ABHS-treatment reduction in levels of viable bacteria hand counts. HS9 displayed the highest efficacy and this relative estimation held true in all the three assays utilized for the assessment of bactericidal efficacies.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1317317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43638336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2017.1328770
Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy, A. Awad, M. Elhady, A. Elbarbary
Abstract Silver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite based on silver/styrene butadiene rubber/polyvinylpyrrolidone/methacrylic acid (SBR/PVP/MAA)/Ag was prepared by gamma radiation-induced crosslinking. During the radiation crosslinking of SBR/PVP/MAA solution containing silver nitrate AgNO3 (0.01 mol), in situ reduction of Ag+ ions was performed under the radiolysis of water. The properties of sliver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite were investigated by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, DSC and TGA techniques. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) reveals that AgNPs have uniform distribution and spherical shape with mean diameter in the range of 8–10 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results of the nanocomposite showed one phase suggesting the miscibility between rubber and hydrogel phases. The swelling measurement of the synthesized silver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite in different pHs at room temperature was performed. The results showed that it has pH-sensitivity.
{"title":"Silver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite as pH-sensitive prepared by gamma radiation: Part I","authors":"Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy, A. Awad, M. Elhady, A. Elbarbary","doi":"10.1080/23312009.2017.1328770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23312009.2017.1328770","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Silver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite based on silver/styrene butadiene rubber/polyvinylpyrrolidone/methacrylic acid (SBR/PVP/MAA)/Ag was prepared by gamma radiation-induced crosslinking. During the radiation crosslinking of SBR/PVP/MAA solution containing silver nitrate AgNO3 (0.01 mol), in situ reduction of Ag+ ions was performed under the radiolysis of water. The properties of sliver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite were investigated by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, DSC and TGA techniques. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) reveals that AgNPs have uniform distribution and spherical shape with mean diameter in the range of 8–10 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results of the nanocomposite showed one phase suggesting the miscibility between rubber and hydrogel phases. The swelling measurement of the synthesized silver rubber-hydrogel nanocomposite in different pHs at room temperature was performed. The results showed that it has pH-sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":10640,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23312009.2017.1328770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44092609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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